CN104131809B - A kind of new well kick warning device and method - Google Patents
A kind of new well kick warning device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104131809B CN104131809B CN201410332173.3A CN201410332173A CN104131809B CN 104131809 B CN104131809 B CN 104131809B CN 201410332173 A CN201410332173 A CN 201410332173A CN 104131809 B CN104131809 B CN 104131809B
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- connecting rod
- mud
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of new well kick warning device and method, the device includes base (1), rotating shaft (2), connecting rod (4), target plate (5), computing unit and alarm unit；Described base is arranged on the mud stream exit of pipeline；Base has a bottom plate and two side plates (3)；Two side plates are vertically fixed on the opposite sides of bottom plate with bottom plate；And set along mud flow direction；Rotating shaft is arranged on 2 blocks of side plates, is driven by motor；One end of connecting rod is fixed in rotating shaft, and the other end of connecting rod is fixed with described target plate；When connecting rod is in vertical position, target plate is vertical with mud flow direction；Rotating shaft is provided with torque sensor；Torque sensor is connected with computing unit；Computing unit is connected with alarm unit；Flow speed value is calculated in computing unit and starts alarm unit and implements alarm.The new well kick warning device and method are easy to implement, and can be effectively prevented from the generation of well kick, ensure the person and property safety in drilling process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new well kick warning device and method, it is adaptable to well kick alarm generally, especially
Suitable for the special well kick alarm under non-full pipe state.
Background technology
In drilling process (the various underground work such as drilling, well cementation, test or well workover), borehole fluid stressor layer, which is more than, to be bored
When well liquid or well-flushing fluid column static pressure, will be invaded in people's pit shaft containing the fluid or gas in fluid layer, build up to it is a certain amount of after, with well
Liquid within the cartridge is recycled to well head, and in well head formation boiling-like, this phenomenon is referred to as well kick.And well kick is often the tendency of blowout,
Therefore, detection in advance is had to such a phenomenon, it is to avoid the generation of accident.
The method for judging whether to occur well kick in existing monitoring drilling operation course is mainly volume conservation method, that is, pours into oil
Whether the volume of mud is equal within the specific limits with the mud volume extracted out from oil well in well.If the mud volume extracted out is big
In the mud volume poured into, then it is believed that there occurs well kick；If being less than, it may be regarded as there occurs leakage.
In detection process, existing detection need ask detection object to be in full pipe condition, estimate mud in pipe with definite value
Interior volume.If under non-full pipe situation, existing equipment can not detect well kick failure well..
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of new well kick warning device and method be designed, in particular for the well under non-full pipe state
Gush the apparatus and method of alarm.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of new well kick warning device and method, the new well kick report
Alarm device and method are easy to implement, and can be effectively prevented from the generation of well kick, ensure the person and property safety in drilling process.
The technical solution of invention is as follows：
A kind of new well kick warning device, including base 1, rotating shaft 2, connecting rod 4, target plate 5, computing unit and alarm unit；
Described base is arranged on the mud stream exit of pipeline；Base has a bottom plate and two side plates 3；
Two side plates are fixed on the opposite sides of bottom plate perpendicular to bottom plate；And set along mud flow direction；
Rotating shaft is arranged on 2 blocks of side plates, is driven by motor；
One end of connecting rod is fixed in rotating shaft, and the other end of connecting rod is fixed with described target plate；Connecting rod is in vertical position
When, target plate is vertical with mud flow direction；
Rotating shaft is provided with torque sensor；
Torque sensor is connected with computing unit；
Computing unit is connected with alarm unit；
Following calculate and processing is performed in computing unit：
(1) when connecting rod is in vertical position and target plate is immersed in mud, computing unit is examined by reading torque sensor
The moment values M measured；Calculated according to following formula and obtain slurry liquid to the impulse force F caused by target plate：
F=M/L, L are the length of connecting rod and the length sum of target plate；
(2) computing unit is calculated the flow velocity v for obtaining mud by following formula again：
Wherein, CdFor Flow Resistant Coefficient, in the throwing of horizontal plane when A is horizontal for target plate
Shadow area, ρ is the density of mud；
(3) change in flow value △ v are more than the second default threshold when flow velocity v is more than the first predetermined threshold value, or in the unit interval
During value, computing unit starts alarm unit and implements alarm.
Provided with an electricity fork on target plate；Electricity fork is connected with one end of current detection circuit, current detection circuit it is another
Hold and be connected with the slurry liquid flowed；Conductor is used as using the slurry liquid of flowing；Ammeter is provided with current detection circuit；
In the rotary course of connecting rod, when saltus step occurs for the reading of ammeter, that is, represent that electric fork-join contacts slurry liquid or electricity
Fork leaves from slurry liquid, and now angular transducer detects connecting rod and horizontal direction angulation α to record, then liquid level
For h=H-Lsin α；Wherein H is the height of the upper surface of rotating shaft and base, and L is the length of connecting rod and the length sum of target plate.
The angular transducer for detecting link angle is additionally provided with connecting rod, target plate is provided with a mud spoon；At connecting rod
When horizontal level, mud spoon it is opening up；
Following calculate and processing is performed in computing unit：
(1) under motor driving, when the mud spoon on connecting rod scoops out one spoonful of mud, and company from the slurry liquid in flowing
When bar continuation rising is reached with horizontal direction parallel, the quality m of slurry liquid in now mud spoon is calculated【Computing Principle is：By M=
F*L is to have M=mg*L, then quality m=M/gL, and a kind of specific computational methods therein are：Horizontal direction is in connecting rod
When, measure to have in a torque, mud spoon when there is no mud in mud spoon and measure a torque during mud again, what is measured twice turns
The difference of square value is that △ M are that the weight of mud is caused in mud spoon, then the quality m=△ M/gL of mud】, the volume of mud spoon
V by following formula, it is known that then calculated the rate of specific gravity for obtaining slurry liquid
(2) when the rate of specific gravity of slurry liquid is more than three predetermined threshold values, or proportion changing value is more than the 4th in the unit interval
During predetermined threshold value, computing unit starts alarm unit and implements alarm.
A kind of new well kick alarm method, using foregoing new well kick warning device；Comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Calculate impulse force F：
When connecting rod is in vertical position and target plate is immersed in mud, computing unit is detected by reading torque sensor
Moment values M；Calculated according to following formula and obtain slurry liquid to the impulse force F caused by target plate：
F=M/L, L are the length of connecting rod and the length sum of target plate；
Step 2：Calculate flow velocity v
Computing unit is calculated the flow velocity v for obtaining mud by following formula again：
Wherein, Cd is Flow Resistant Coefficient, in the throwing of horizontal plane when A is horizontal for target plate
Shadow area, ρ is the density of mud；
Step 3：Alarming step：
When flow velocity v is more than the first predetermined threshold value, or change in flow value △ v are more than the second predetermined threshold value in the unit interval
When, computing unit starts alarm unit and implements alarm.
Unit interval refers to default time, such as -10 minutes 30 seconds, preferably 1 minute.
Beneficial effect：
The present invention be directed to (drilling, well cementation, test or the various underground work such as well workover) mud in drilling process, cement or
The leakage of other working solutions is into stratum and under non-full pipe state under the immeasurable situation of conventional instrument, and one kind of design can
The device of well kick measurement alarm is carried out in non-full pipe state【Certainly under full pipe condition, the instrument can also be used normally】.Work as Jie
When matter flows in measurement pipe, because of the kinetic energy of its own and target plate generation pressure difference, and the active force to target plate is produced, its active force
With flow velocity into positive correlation；So as to judge state in well, so that more accurately macroscopic view detects whether occur well kick state.
The new well kick warning device and method of the present invention, is cleverly devised based on base, rotating shaft, connecting rod and target plate
Framework is detected, then the automatic measurement of flow velocity is completed by setting a series of sensing devices, and then well kick is sent when flow velocity is excessive
Alarm, so as to reduce accident occurrence probability, it is ensured that the security of probing work.
Whole system is using conventional equipment and device, and cost is low, it is easy to promotion and implementation.
The solution of the present invention is totally different from existing technical scheme, but uses unique design, thus it is not single can be with
For the well kick alarm under full pipe condition, moreover it can be used to the well kick alarm under the non-full pipe state that existing equipment can not be realized.
The present invention can not only implement well kick alarm, moreover it is possible to detection liquid level and liquid specific gravity are based further on, so as to provide
The more accurately parameter of drilling accident detection, the detection of wherein proportion may be used as leakage alarm, so as to improve and extend
The function of well kick warning device.
The present invention is drilled to all kinds of energy, the security of energy resource collecting is provided with great improvement, is following larger
Energy probing, one of the strong support of energy resource collecting hardware facility and technical requirements.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of new well kick warning device；
Fig. 2 is using the connecting rod and the relative position relation figure of rotating shaft during new well kick warning device measurement flow velocity；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram (side view) when flow velocity is measured using the new well kick warning device；
Fig. 4 is using the connecting rod and the relative position relation of rotating shaft during new well kick warning device measurement liquid specific gravity
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram (side view) when liquid specific gravity is measured using the new well kick warning device；
Fig. 6 is level gauging schematic diagram.
Label declaration：1- bases, 2- rotating shafts, 3- side plates, 4- connecting rods, 5- target plates.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments：
Embodiment 1：
Such as Fig. 1, a kind of new well kick warning device, including base 1, rotating shaft 2, connecting rod 4, target plate 5, computing unit and alarm
Unit；
Described base is arranged on the mud stream exit of pipeline；Base has a bottom plate and two side plates 3；
Two side plates are fixed on the opposite sides of bottom plate perpendicular to bottom plate；And set along mud flow direction；
Rotating shaft is arranged on 2 blocks of side plates, is driven by motor；
One end of connecting rod is fixed in rotating shaft, and the other end of connecting rod is fixed with described target plate；Connecting rod is in vertical position
When, target plate is vertical with mud flow direction；
Rotating shaft is provided with torque sensor；
Torque sensor is connected with computing unit；
Computing unit is connected with alarm unit；
Base and 2 blocks of side plates constitute the fixed seat of a both ends open, and slurry liquid flows through from the fixed seat, and the fixed seat is made
It is used to the parts such as rotating shaft be installed for a pedestal.
Rotating shaft and the junction of connecting rod that torque sensor is installed.Target plate (target plate is integral with mud spoon) is circumscribed with electricity
Fork, electricity is pitched for forming current path, to detect liquid level, participates in follow-up Part II.Motor-driven rotatable shaft rotates, two turns
Axle drivening rod rotation again.
First, flow velocity measurement and well kick alarm are (referring to Fig. 2-3)
Following calculate and processing is performed in computing unit：
(1) when connecting rod is in vertical position and target plate is immersed in mud, computing unit is examined by reading torque sensor
The moment values M measured；Calculated according to following formula and obtain slurry liquid to the impulse force F caused by target plate：
F=M/L, L are the length of connecting rod and the length sum of target plate；
(2) computing unit is calculated the flow velocity v for obtaining mud by following formula again：
Wherein, CdFor Flow Resistant Coefficient, in the throwing of horizontal plane when A is horizontal for target plate
Shadow area, ρ is the density of mud；
(1) change in flow value △ v are more than the second default threshold when flow velocity v is more than the first predetermined threshold value, or in the unit interval
During value, computing unit starts alarm unit and implements alarm.【The predetermined threshold value of flow velocity and the predetermined threshold value of change in flow value are by grasping
Author sets】
2nd, level gauging：
Such as Fig. 6, the principle explanation of level gauging：Due to the conduction property of slurry liquid, so when the electricity fork outside mud spoon exists
Loop can be formed when in slurry liquid.So, just there is electric current in loop.And when electricity fork is in outside mud, air infinite,
So electric current is just 0.
Therefore, at certainThere is electric current in moment, circuit, andMoment, electric current be 0 (i.e. connecting rod be in as shown in Figure 6
Position).At this moment liquid level can be calculated.Ammeter uses 0~10mA specifications, and voltage uses 5V DC voltage power supplies, resistance
For 500 Ω.
After liquid level is detected, connecting rod back does rotate counterclockwise, so repeatedly.
Provided with an electricity fork on target plate；Electricity fork is connected with one end of current detection circuit, current detection circuit it is another
Hold and be connected with the slurry liquid flowed；Conductor is used as using the slurry liquid of flowing；Ammeter is provided with current detection circuit；
In the rotary course of connecting rod, when saltus step occurs for the reading of ammeter, that is, represent that electric fork-join contacts slurry liquid or electricity
Fork leaves from slurry liquid, and now angular transducer detects connecting rod and horizontal direction angulation α to record, then liquid level
For h=H-Lsin α；Wherein H is the height of the upper surface of rotating shaft and base, and L is the length of connecting rod and the length sum of target plate.
3rd, liquid specific density measurement and blowout alarm：
Referring to Fig. 4-5, the angular transducer for detecting link angle is additionally provided with connecting rod, target plate is provided with a mud
Spoon；When connecting rod is horizontal, mud spoon it is opening up；
When connecting rod is rotated counterclockwise to below rotating shaft, the mud of certain volume is scooped out in the slurry liquid flowed through above base
Slurries.And when connecting rod is rotated to position as shown in Figure 4, (i.e. angular transducer detects connecting rod and horizontal direction parallel, is
180 °) when, the torque sensor in rotating shaft measures the slurry liquid that torque value and calculating is obtained in current mud spoon
Quality.Mud spoon quality and volume be, it is known that measure mud spoon with mud spoon in liquid quality, can so be readily available
The proportion of slurry liquid.For example, as it is known that design container volume be V, when angular transducer detect connecting rod from the horizontal by
During 180 ° of angles, the proportion of liquid is calculated；
After quality in mud spoon is measured, connecting rod then back turns clockwise.
Following calculate and processing is performed in computing unit：
(2) under motor driving, when the mud spoon on connecting rod scoops out one spoonful of mud, and company from the slurry liquid in flowing
When bar continuation rising is reached with horizontal direction parallel, the quality m of slurry liquid in now mud spoon is calculated【Computing Principle is：By M=
F*L is to have M=mg*L, then quality m=M/gL, and a kind of specific computational methods therein are：Horizontal direction is in connecting rod
When, measure to have in a torque, mud spoon when there is no mud in mud spoon and measure a torque during mud again, what is measured twice turns
The difference of square value is that △ M are that the weight of mud is caused in mud spoon, then the quality m=△ M/gL of mud】, the volume of mud spoon
V by following formula, it is known that then calculated the rate of specific gravity for obtaining slurry liquid
When the rate of specific gravity of slurry liquid is more than three predetermined threshold values, or proportion changing value is preset more than the 4th in the unit interval
During threshold value, computing unit starts alarm unit and implements alarm.【The predetermined threshold value of proportion and the predetermined threshold value of proportion changing value by
Operator sets】.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of new well kick warning device, it is characterised in that including base (1), rotating shaft (2), connecting rod (4), target plate (5), meter
Calculate unit and alarm unit；
Described base is arranged on the mud stream exit of pipeline；Base has a bottom plate and two side plates (3)；
Two side plates are fixed on the opposite sides of bottom plate perpendicular to bottom plate；And set along mud flow direction；Rotating shaft is arranged on 2
On block side plate, driven by motor；
One end of connecting rod is fixed in rotating shaft, and the other end of connecting rod is fixed with described target plate；When connecting rod is in vertical position, target
Plate is vertical with mud flow direction；
Rotating shaft is provided with torque sensor；
Torque sensor is connected with computing unit；
Computing unit is connected with alarm unit；
Following calculate and processing is performed in computing unit：
(1) when connecting rod is in vertical position and target plate is immersed in mud, computing unit is detected by reading torque sensor
Moment values M；Calculated according to following formula and obtain slurry liquid to the impulse force F caused by target plate：
F=M/L, L are the length of connecting rod and the length sum of target plate；
(2) computing unit is calculated the flow velocity v for obtaining mud by following formula again：
Wherein, Cd is Flow Resistant Coefficient, on the perspective plane of horizontal plane when A is horizontal for target plate
Product, ρ is the density of mud；
(3) when flow velocity v is more than the first predetermined threshold value, or when change in flow value △ v are more than the second predetermined threshold value in the unit interval,
Computing unit starts alarm unit and implements alarm；
Provided with an electricity fork on target plate；Electricity fork is connected with one end of current detection circuit, the other end of current detection circuit and
The slurry liquid of flowing is connected；Conductor is used as using the slurry liquid of flowing；Ammeter is provided with current detection circuit；
In the rotary course of connecting rod, when saltus step occurs for the reading of ammeter, that is, represent electric fork-join contact slurry liquid or electricity fork from
Left in slurry liquid, now angular transducer detects connecting rod and horizontal direction angulation α to record, then liquid level is h
=H-Lsin α；Wherein H is the height of the upper surface of rotating shaft and base, and L is the length of connecting rod and the length sum of target plate；
The angular transducer for detecting link angle is additionally provided with connecting rod, target plate is provided with a mud spoon；Connecting rod is in water
When prosposition is put, mud spoon it is opening up；
Following calculate and processing is performed in computing unit：
(1) under motor driving, when the mud spoon on connecting rod scoops out one spoonful of mud from the slurry liquid in flowing, and connecting rod after
When continuous rising is reached with horizontal direction parallel, the quality m of slurry liquid in now mud spoon is calculated, the volume V of mud spoon is, it is known that then
The rate of specific gravity for obtaining slurry liquid is calculated by following formula
(2) when the rate of specific gravity of slurry liquid is more than three predetermined threshold values, or proportion changing value is preset more than the 4th in the unit interval
During threshold value, computing unit starts alarm unit and implements alarm.
2. a kind of new well kick alarm method, it is characterised in that using the new well kick warning device described in claim 1；Bag
Include following steps：
Step 1：Calculate impulse force F：
When connecting rod is in vertical position and target plate is immersed in mud, the power that computing unit is detected by reading torque sensor
Square value M；Calculated according to following formula and obtain slurry liquid to the impulse force F caused by target plate：
F=M/L, L are the length of connecting rod and the length sum of target plate；
Step 2：Calculate flow velocity v
Computing unit is calculated the flow velocity v for obtaining mud by following formula again：
Wherein, Cd is Flow Resistant Coefficient, on the perspective plane of horizontal plane when A is horizontal for target plate
Product, ρ is the density of mud；
Step 3：Alarming step：
When flow velocity v is more than the first predetermined threshold value, or when change in flow value △ v are more than the second predetermined threshold value in the unit interval, meter
Calculate unit starting alarm unit and implement alarm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410332173.3A CN104131809B (en) | 2014-07-14 | 2014-07-14 | A kind of new well kick warning device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410332173.3A CN104131809B (en) | 2014-07-14 | 2014-07-14 | A kind of new well kick warning device and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104131809A CN104131809A (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| CN104131809B true CN104131809B (en) | 2017-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410332173.3A Expired - Fee Related CN104131809B (en) | 2014-07-14 | 2014-07-14 | A kind of new well kick warning device and method |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105606172B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2018-09-07 | 西南石油大学 | Non full package flow measurement instrument and its method and flow monitoring system for measuring flow |
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