CA2795584A1 - An impingement jet test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals - Google Patents
An impingement jet test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals Download PDFInfo
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- CA2795584A1 CA2795584A1 CA 2795584 CA2795584A CA2795584A1 CA 2795584 A1 CA2795584 A1 CA 2795584A1 CA 2795584 CA2795584 CA 2795584 CA 2795584 A CA2795584 A CA 2795584A CA 2795584 A1 CA2795584 A1 CA 2795584A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/04—Corrosion probes
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Abstract
In a test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals in multiphase fluids encountered in various industrial applications, it is essential that the rig creates conditions that reproduce the actual ones so that the measurement results are representative of those in the field. In this invention, an impingement jet test rig is developed to enable generation of multiphase fluid through a negative pressure principle to mix sufficiently the liquid and solid phases. Robotic controlling and monitoring of the fluid flow parameters, such as flow velocity, concentration of sands, the impinging angle of fluid to sample, gassing environment and the operating temperature, ensure the accuracy of the fluid flow condition. The erosion-corrosion tests are conducted in an independent sample chamber, where the metal sample and accessory electrodes are installed. Moreover, the rig enables separation of solid and liquid phases immediately after the impingement of fluid on sample, providing protection for pipes and pumps from erosive wear.
Description
Specification This invention relates to an impingement jet test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals under multiphase fluid flow conditions.
Erosion-corrosion refers to a mechanism resulting in an accelerated metal loss due to the synergism of erosion and corrosion in which each process affected by the simultaneous action of the other. Generally, erosion-corrosion causes a total metal loss significantly in excess of the sum of pure corrosion and pure erosion processes. Erosion-corrosion has been identified as one of the primary mechanisms resulting in structural failures in a wide variety of industrial applications, such as oil/gas, pipeline, automotive and manufacturing industries.
The techniques conventionally used for erosion-corrosion testing include primarily rotating disk electrode (RDE), rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) and impingement jet. The RDE and RCE are used for laminar and turbulent flow study, respectively, but suffer from the inability of achieving a sufficient mixing of solid sands and liquid, especially at high contents of sands. Moreover, they are appropriate to simulate fluid flow in straight pipes only. It is difficult, if not impossible, to create the flow patterns representative of the actual ones encountered at pipe bends, tee joints and uphill/downhill flows. The impingement jet systems used previously are incapable of controlling accurately the content of sands in the multiphase fluid. Moreover, it cannot separate solid from liquid phase before the fluid goes into the pumping system, causing severe erosive wear to pump and its accessories. They are not equipped with in-situ sensors to control and monitor the sand concentration in the liquid-solid fluid and the flow velocity, resulting in generation of misleading information regarding the roles of sands and fluid flow in the erosion-corrosion process of metals. Furthermore, the previously used impingement jet systems do not contain an independent sample chamber and are not capable of adjusting the angle of the impinging fluid to the sample surface.
The inabilities of the methods previously used for erosion-corrosion testing can be overcome by developing an impingement jet test rig that is capable of generating a wide variety of multiphase fluid flows that are representative of the actual ones encountered in the industrial applications. The test rig contains two individual, but interconnected loops, enabling a sufficient mixing and complete separation of liquid and solid phases before and after the erosion-corrosion tests, respectively, and thus preventing the pipes, pump and its accessories from erosive wear in sand-containing fluid. An innovative sand concentration controller is installed to adjust and control conveniently and accurately the content of solid sands in the multiphase fluid. Moreover, the test rig is equipped infrared and ultrasonic sensors to monitor the sand concentration and the fluid flow velocity during testing, providing accurate information for determination of the parametric effects on erosion-corrosion. The test rig is also equipped with an independent sample chamber where the testing sample can be positioned flexibly relative to the fluid impingement, simulating the uphill and downhill pipe flows under various slopes.
In drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention, Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the invented impingement jet test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals, Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the stirrer system of the test rig, Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the sand concentration controller of the test rig, and Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the sample chamber.
The test rig illustrated includes four essential components, i.e., a pump and pipe loop system, a multiphase flow recycle and solid/liquid separating system, a sample testing chamber, and an in-situ monitoring and controlling system.
The pump and pipe loop system includes a high-pressure pump 1, pipes 2, a driving nozzle 3 and a working nozzle 4. A high speed fluid flow is generated by the driving nozzle 3, and injected into the working nozzle 4. A negative pressure is produced in the tee joint region around the driving nozzle 3 so that the sand-containing fluid is suck up to enter the working nozzle 4, mixing with the sand-free fluid sprayed out of the driving nozzle 3 to form the multiphase fluid.
After impingement of the multiphase fluid in the sample chamber 11, the fluid goes to the sand bed 5, completing one flowing cycle.
The multiphase fluid recycle and separating system is the most important and also the most innovative part in the test rig. It includes a sand bed 5, a filter 6, a motor stirrer 7, a sand extraction pipe 8, a sand concentration controller 9, and a sand-free fluid container 10. After completing one flowing cycle, the multiphase fluid flows to the sand bed 5, where the solid sands are separated from the fluid by filter 6. The motor stirrer 7 is used to enhance the sand separation process, where the motor 17 exports a high speed but low torsion rotation. The rotating torsion is increased by a gear reducer 18, and is transmitted to the stirring blades 20 through a shaft sleeve 19. Consequently, a vortex flow is generated in sand bed 5. The solid sands deposit and gather in the center of the sand bed 5 and will be extracted by the sand extraction pipe 8 for another flow cycle. The sand-free fluid flows into the container 10, and then into pipes 2 and finally pump 1.
To measure accurately the content of solid sands in the multiphase fluid, a sand concentration controller 9 is wrapped around the sand extraction pipe 8. The controller includes a sleeve pipe 21 with seal rings 22 at both ends. The controller can be drawn up and down conveniently along the sand extraction pipe 8 by a link arm 23 by adjusting the screw 24. Three states for controlling the sand concentration are described in Figure 3. When the sand concentration controller is located at the top position, as shown in Figure 3a, the two inlets for sand-free fluid are closed. The sand-containing fluid goes into the sand extraction pipe through the bottom inlets. Thus, the maximum sand concentration flow can be obtained. In Figure 3b, the sand concentration controller moves down and achieves a half opening of all inlets for both sand-containing and sand-free fluids.
With the increase of the opening for sand-free fluid inlets, the sand concentration of the multiphase fluid decreases. In Figure c, the inlets for sand-containing fluid are fully closed, and the sand concentration is reduced to zero. Apparently, the sand concentration in the fluid can be adjusted conveniently and accurately.
An independent sample chamber is associated with the test rig for erosion-corrosion testing. The sample 26 in embedded in a sample holder 25, which can rotate from 0 to 90 degree along the vertical axis, generating various impinging angles by multiphase fluid to the sample surface. A tubular testing sample 27 can also be installed coaxially with the working nozzle 4 to simulate the sand sliding induced erosion-corrosion of metallic structure. For electrochemical corrosion measurements, the samples 26 and 27 serve as working electrode, and a reference electrode 23 and a counter electrode 29 are installed in the chamber through the opening.
During erosion-corrosion testing, all flow parameters of the multiphase fluid in the impingement jet test rig are controlled and measured accurately. As shown in Figure 1, the fluid flow velocity is controlled by the pump output 1 and measured by the ultrasonic flow meter 12. A pressure gauge 13 is installed to monitor the pump output pressure. The sand concentration is adjusted and controlled by the sand concentration controller 9, and measured by the infrared back scattering sensor 14. The impinging angle of the multiphase fluid to the sample surface is adjusted and controlled by rotating the sample holder 25 and measured by an angle gauge. The operating temperature is controlled by an automatic heater 15 embedded in the sand-free fluid container 10, and measured by a thermometer.
Moreover, the gassing atmospheric condition in the fluid can be controlled through a gas inlet 16. Furthermore, the testing sample and the associated electrodes permit the in-situ electrochemical corrosion measurements.
Erosion-corrosion refers to a mechanism resulting in an accelerated metal loss due to the synergism of erosion and corrosion in which each process affected by the simultaneous action of the other. Generally, erosion-corrosion causes a total metal loss significantly in excess of the sum of pure corrosion and pure erosion processes. Erosion-corrosion has been identified as one of the primary mechanisms resulting in structural failures in a wide variety of industrial applications, such as oil/gas, pipeline, automotive and manufacturing industries.
The techniques conventionally used for erosion-corrosion testing include primarily rotating disk electrode (RDE), rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) and impingement jet. The RDE and RCE are used for laminar and turbulent flow study, respectively, but suffer from the inability of achieving a sufficient mixing of solid sands and liquid, especially at high contents of sands. Moreover, they are appropriate to simulate fluid flow in straight pipes only. It is difficult, if not impossible, to create the flow patterns representative of the actual ones encountered at pipe bends, tee joints and uphill/downhill flows. The impingement jet systems used previously are incapable of controlling accurately the content of sands in the multiphase fluid. Moreover, it cannot separate solid from liquid phase before the fluid goes into the pumping system, causing severe erosive wear to pump and its accessories. They are not equipped with in-situ sensors to control and monitor the sand concentration in the liquid-solid fluid and the flow velocity, resulting in generation of misleading information regarding the roles of sands and fluid flow in the erosion-corrosion process of metals. Furthermore, the previously used impingement jet systems do not contain an independent sample chamber and are not capable of adjusting the angle of the impinging fluid to the sample surface.
The inabilities of the methods previously used for erosion-corrosion testing can be overcome by developing an impingement jet test rig that is capable of generating a wide variety of multiphase fluid flows that are representative of the actual ones encountered in the industrial applications. The test rig contains two individual, but interconnected loops, enabling a sufficient mixing and complete separation of liquid and solid phases before and after the erosion-corrosion tests, respectively, and thus preventing the pipes, pump and its accessories from erosive wear in sand-containing fluid. An innovative sand concentration controller is installed to adjust and control conveniently and accurately the content of solid sands in the multiphase fluid. Moreover, the test rig is equipped infrared and ultrasonic sensors to monitor the sand concentration and the fluid flow velocity during testing, providing accurate information for determination of the parametric effects on erosion-corrosion. The test rig is also equipped with an independent sample chamber where the testing sample can be positioned flexibly relative to the fluid impingement, simulating the uphill and downhill pipe flows under various slopes.
In drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention, Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the invented impingement jet test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals, Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the stirrer system of the test rig, Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the sand concentration controller of the test rig, and Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the sample chamber.
The test rig illustrated includes four essential components, i.e., a pump and pipe loop system, a multiphase flow recycle and solid/liquid separating system, a sample testing chamber, and an in-situ monitoring and controlling system.
The pump and pipe loop system includes a high-pressure pump 1, pipes 2, a driving nozzle 3 and a working nozzle 4. A high speed fluid flow is generated by the driving nozzle 3, and injected into the working nozzle 4. A negative pressure is produced in the tee joint region around the driving nozzle 3 so that the sand-containing fluid is suck up to enter the working nozzle 4, mixing with the sand-free fluid sprayed out of the driving nozzle 3 to form the multiphase fluid.
After impingement of the multiphase fluid in the sample chamber 11, the fluid goes to the sand bed 5, completing one flowing cycle.
The multiphase fluid recycle and separating system is the most important and also the most innovative part in the test rig. It includes a sand bed 5, a filter 6, a motor stirrer 7, a sand extraction pipe 8, a sand concentration controller 9, and a sand-free fluid container 10. After completing one flowing cycle, the multiphase fluid flows to the sand bed 5, where the solid sands are separated from the fluid by filter 6. The motor stirrer 7 is used to enhance the sand separation process, where the motor 17 exports a high speed but low torsion rotation. The rotating torsion is increased by a gear reducer 18, and is transmitted to the stirring blades 20 through a shaft sleeve 19. Consequently, a vortex flow is generated in sand bed 5. The solid sands deposit and gather in the center of the sand bed 5 and will be extracted by the sand extraction pipe 8 for another flow cycle. The sand-free fluid flows into the container 10, and then into pipes 2 and finally pump 1.
To measure accurately the content of solid sands in the multiphase fluid, a sand concentration controller 9 is wrapped around the sand extraction pipe 8. The controller includes a sleeve pipe 21 with seal rings 22 at both ends. The controller can be drawn up and down conveniently along the sand extraction pipe 8 by a link arm 23 by adjusting the screw 24. Three states for controlling the sand concentration are described in Figure 3. When the sand concentration controller is located at the top position, as shown in Figure 3a, the two inlets for sand-free fluid are closed. The sand-containing fluid goes into the sand extraction pipe through the bottom inlets. Thus, the maximum sand concentration flow can be obtained. In Figure 3b, the sand concentration controller moves down and achieves a half opening of all inlets for both sand-containing and sand-free fluids.
With the increase of the opening for sand-free fluid inlets, the sand concentration of the multiphase fluid decreases. In Figure c, the inlets for sand-containing fluid are fully closed, and the sand concentration is reduced to zero. Apparently, the sand concentration in the fluid can be adjusted conveniently and accurately.
An independent sample chamber is associated with the test rig for erosion-corrosion testing. The sample 26 in embedded in a sample holder 25, which can rotate from 0 to 90 degree along the vertical axis, generating various impinging angles by multiphase fluid to the sample surface. A tubular testing sample 27 can also be installed coaxially with the working nozzle 4 to simulate the sand sliding induced erosion-corrosion of metallic structure. For electrochemical corrosion measurements, the samples 26 and 27 serve as working electrode, and a reference electrode 23 and a counter electrode 29 are installed in the chamber through the opening.
During erosion-corrosion testing, all flow parameters of the multiphase fluid in the impingement jet test rig are controlled and measured accurately. As shown in Figure 1, the fluid flow velocity is controlled by the pump output 1 and measured by the ultrasonic flow meter 12. A pressure gauge 13 is installed to monitor the pump output pressure. The sand concentration is adjusted and controlled by the sand concentration controller 9, and measured by the infrared back scattering sensor 14. The impinging angle of the multiphase fluid to the sample surface is adjusted and controlled by rotating the sample holder 25 and measured by an angle gauge. The operating temperature is controlled by an automatic heater 15 embedded in the sand-free fluid container 10, and measured by a thermometer.
Moreover, the gassing atmospheric condition in the fluid can be controlled through a gas inlet 16. Furthermore, the testing sample and the associated electrodes permit the in-situ electrochemical corrosion measurements.
Claims (5)
1. An impingement jet test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals, comprising (1) a pump and pipe loop system to produce multiphase fluid, (2) a multiphase flow recycle and solid/liquid separating system to separate sand particles from fluid and gather sands for next circulation, (3) a sample chamber where the erosion-corrosion test is conducted on the installed sample, and (4) a monitoring and controlling system where the multiphase fluid flow and testing parameters are controlled and monitored.
2. A test rig as defined in claim 1, in which the pump and pipe loop system includes (1-1) a high-pressure pump to enable the fluid flow, (1-2) a driving nozzle to generate an extremely high-speed flow and a negative pressure, (1-3) a sand-extraction pipe installed vertically and perpendicular to the driving nozzle to drive sands flow upward by, and (1-4) a working nozzle to gather liquid and sands to form mixture of liquid/solid multiphase fluid.
3. A test rig as defined in claim 1 and claim 2, in which the multiphase flow recycle and solid/liquid separating system includes (2-1) a sand bed to collect sand particles and the sand-containing fluid, (2-2) a filter to separate sands from fluid and prevent sand particles to flow into the high-pressure pump, and (2-3) a motor stirrer system to accelerate the solid/liquid separation and drive sand particles to the center of the sand bed. This system includes a speed adjustable DC motor, a gear assembly to increase the torque and two blades stirring the slurry to form a vortex flow around the sand extraction pipe above the sand bed.
4. A test rig as defined in claim 1, claim 2 and claim 3, in which the erosion-corrosion testing chamber includes (3-1) a sample holder that is capable of adjusting the fluid impinging angle from 0 to 90 degree, (3-2) a cylindrical metal sample installed, with the working face exposed to the impinging fluid and other faces insulated by epoxy, (3-3) a tubular metal sample installed coaxially at the end of working nozzle, (3-4) a reference electrode installed with its tip close to the surface of the cylinder sample, and (3-5) a counter electrode installed below the metal sample.
5. A test rig as defined in claim 1, claim 2, claim 3 and claim 4, in which the monitoring and controlling system includes (4-1) an ultrasonic flow meter installed around the outer wall of the working nozzle to measure the flow velocity of the multiphase fluid, (4-2) an infrared-based sensor installed on the outer wall of the outlet pipe to measure the sand concentration, (4-3) a temperature controller and heater installed in the sand-free fluid container, (4-4) an angle meter installed above the sample holder to measure the fluid impinging angle, and (4-5) a pressure gauge installed near the pump outlet to monitor the output pressure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2795584 CA2795584A1 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2012-11-06 | An impingement jet test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2795584 CA2795584A1 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2012-11-06 | An impingement jet test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2795584A1 true CA2795584A1 (en) | 2014-05-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2795584 Abandoned CA2795584A1 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2012-11-06 | An impingement jet test rig for measurements of erosion-corrosion of metals |
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| CA (1) | CA2795584A1 (en) |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2957887A1 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji - Panstwowy Instytut Badawczy | Erosion control device |
| EP2957888A1 (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji - Panstwowy Instytut Badawczy | Device for dispensing friction material, in particular in an erosion control device |
| CN106370543A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-02-01 | 维新制漆（深圳）有限公司 | Testing device for simulating influence of environment on locomotive appearance performance |
| CN107063907A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-18 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of experimental rig for being used to measure the abrasion of solid-liquid two-phase |
| CN107219138A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-29 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | A kind of both arms backward erosion corrosion testing apparatus |
| CN107893634A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-10 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of multifunctional testing and experiment porch for jet drilling desk research |
| CN109100127A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-28 | 宁波市产品质量监督检验研究院 | A kind of angie type pilot operated valve device gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow high-temperature erosion abrasion experimental rig and its test method |
| CN109342241A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-15 | 太原理工大学 | The multi-functional erosion test device of high temperature and high speed gas jet |
| CN109406326A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-01 | 内蒙古工业大学 | The detection system of abrasion test device and mechanical part |
| CN109975153A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-05 | 天津大学 | A kind of injecting type stress-erosion corrosion test device |
| CN111812015A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-23 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Method for measuring multiphase flow corrosion characteristic parameters of bent pipe part of petrochemical device |
| CN112697622A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-23 | 宁波市产品食品质量检验研究院(宁波市纤维检验所) | Pulse type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion abrasion test device under air flow jet environment |
| CN112986124A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-06-18 | 湖南大学 | Real-time evaluation device and method for simulating deep environment erosion and material performance degradation |
| CN113324865A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-31 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Liquid-solid two-phase flow pipeline erosion corrosion test device |
| CN114184509A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-15 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental system for testing association rule of particle concentration and surface damage |
| CN117233077A (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2023-12-15 | 重庆交通大学 | Water sand erosion test system and method capable of intelligently regulating sand content |
-
2012
- 2012-11-06 CA CA 2795584 patent/CA2795584A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2957888A1 (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji - Panstwowy Instytut Badawczy | Device for dispensing friction material, in particular in an erosion control device |
| EP2957887A1 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji - Panstwowy Instytut Badawczy | Erosion control device |
| CN106370543A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-02-01 | 维新制漆（深圳）有限公司 | Testing device for simulating influence of environment on locomotive appearance performance |
| CN106370543B (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2023-09-08 | 维新制漆（江西）有限公司 | Testing device capable of simulating influence of environment on locomotive external performance |
| CN107063907A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-18 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of experimental rig for being used to measure the abrasion of solid-liquid two-phase |
| CN107219138B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2023-06-30 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Double-arm reverse scouring corrosion test device |
| CN107219138A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-29 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | A kind of both arms backward erosion corrosion testing apparatus |
| CN107893634A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-10 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of multifunctional testing and experiment porch for jet drilling desk research |
| CN107893634B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2024-06-04 | 成都理工大学 | Multifunctional test and experiment platform for jet drilling indoor research |
| CN109100127A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-28 | 宁波市产品质量监督检验研究院 | A kind of angie type pilot operated valve device gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow high-temperature erosion abrasion experimental rig and its test method |
| CN109100127B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2024-04-02 | 宁波市产品质量监督检验研究院 | High-temperature erosive wear test device and method for gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow of angle type hydraulic control valve |
| CN109342241B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-01-15 | 太原理工大学 | High-temperature high-speed gas jet multifunctional erosion test device |
| CN109342241A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-15 | 太原理工大学 | The multi-functional erosion test device of high temperature and high speed gas jet |
| CN109406326A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-01 | 内蒙古工业大学 | The detection system of abrasion test device and mechanical part |
| CN109975153A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-05 | 天津大学 | A kind of injecting type stress-erosion corrosion test device |
| CN111812015A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-23 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Method for measuring multiphase flow corrosion characteristic parameters of bent pipe part of petrochemical device |
| CN112697622A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-23 | 宁波市产品食品质量检验研究院(宁波市纤维检验所) | Pulse type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion abrasion test device under air flow jet environment |
| CN112986124A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-06-18 | 湖南大学 | Real-time evaluation device and method for simulating deep environment erosion and material performance degradation |
| CN112986124B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-03 | 湖南大学 | Real-time evaluation device and method for simulating deep environment erosion and material performance degradation |
| CN113324865A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-31 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Liquid-solid two-phase flow pipeline erosion corrosion test device |
| CN114184509A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-15 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental system for testing association rule of particle concentration and surface damage |
| CN114184509B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2023-10-20 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental system for testing association rule of particle concentration and surface damage |
| CN117233077A (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2023-12-15 | 重庆交通大学 | Water sand erosion test system and method capable of intelligently regulating sand content |
| CN117233077B (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2024-05-14 | 重庆交通大学 | Water sand erosion test system and method capable of intelligently regulating sand content |
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