CN104082196A - Breeding method of loaches intercropped in high mountain water bamboo field - Google Patents
Breeding method of loaches intercropped in high mountain water bamboo field Download PDFInfo
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- CN104082196A CN104082196A CN201410267119.5A CN201410267119A CN104082196A CN 104082196 A CN104082196 A CN 104082196A CN 201410267119 A CN201410267119 A CN 201410267119A CN 104082196 A CN104082196 A CN 104082196A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of loaches intercropped in a high mountain water bamboo field. The method comprises the following steps: selecting varieties; selecting parcel of field and performing farmland works; transplanting water bamboos; disinfecting and fertilizing; breeding loach larvas in the field; performing raising management; fishing for harvesting. According to the benefits of the invention, the loaches are loaches in the high mountain water bamboo field fully according to the growth characteristics of the water bamboos and the growth and development rule of the loaches; the operation in the whole breeding process is easy, the input cost is low, the planting and breeding management is convenient, and the economic yield is high; meanwhile, common growth characteristics of the water bamboos and the loaches are fully utilized, a large amount of organic fertilizers is used, the consumption of pesticides, such as chemical fertilizers and organic phosphorus is reduced, ecological breeding is achieved. Therefore, the quality of the water bamboos and the loaches is improved, the environment is protected, and the economic, ecological and social benefits are remarkable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stereo ecological agricultural breeding pattern technology field, the cultural method that particularly a kind of high mountain wild rice stem field cover is supported loach.
Background technology
Loach ecologic breeding mostly adopts the modes such as the cultivation of Small cement pond, net cage plantation pasture and water.Loach, Latin formal name used at school: Oriental weatherfish, loach belongs to.In China except Qinghai-Tibet Platean, in the natural fresh water waters such as rivers and creeks in all parts of the country, irrigation canals and ditches, paddy field, pond, lake and reservoir, all there is distribution, especially in the Changjiang river and Pearl River Delta In The Middle And Lower Reaches, propagating artificially along with the demand in market constantly increases of loach, cultivation scale is also in continuous expansion, and the whole nation also all presents this trend substantially.Loach likes inhabiting the bottom of hydrostatic, often haunts lake, pond, irrigation canals and ditches and bottom, paddy field and be rich in the mud top layer of canebreak, strong to environment-adapting ability.Loach is the famous-brand and high-quality aquatic products kind of high protein, low fat type.Its fine and tender taste, meat flavour deliciousness, nutritious.The edible part of loach accounts for 80% left and right of whole fish body, higher than general freshwater fish.According to surveying and determination, in every 100 grams of loach meat, contain 22.6 grams, protein, 2.9 grams, fat, 2.5 grams of carbohydrates, 1.6 grams of ash contents, 5.1 milligrams of calcium, 154 milligrams, phosphorus, 2.9 milligrams of iron, also contain multivitamin.Wild rice stem is the perennial aquatic perennial plant of grass family, and plant height 1.6-2 rice, has leaf 5-8 sheet, and leaf is formed by blade and leaf sheath two parts.There is leg-of-mutton pulvinus blade and leaf sheath joint, claim " wild rice stem eye ".Wild rice stem is rich in carbohydrate, dietary fiber, protein, fat, vitamin b3, vitamin E, potassium, sodium etc.
The reproduction rate of loach is high, disease is few, adaptive faculty is strong and domestic and international market demand is large, particularly the demand in the area such as Japan, Korea S and China Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan constantly increases, because natural resources destroy day by day, natural output constantly declines, and development loach intensive culture is more and more important.In recent years, under agricultural science and technology worker and raiser's unremitting effort, explored some cultural methods as Small cement pond, cage culture, although these cultural methods have improved the quantum of output of loach, because of drop into compared with high, administrative skill difficulty is large, also not ecological.Therefore, provide the ecological loach breeding pattern that a kind of economic well-being of workers and staff is high, fully utilize efficient resource, multiple breeding combination, become scientific worker and the new concerned issue of numerous raisers.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, the object of the invention is just to provide the cultural method that a kind of high mountain wild rice stem field cover is supported loach.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: it is characterized in that being made up of following steps:
1, kind is selected.Loach selects the secondary loach of large squama that fast growth, meat are good as cultivation object; Wild rice stem selects to grow fast Hangzhou wild rice stem as plantation object.
2, field is selected and irrigation facility.Selection high mountain is had abundant water resources, water quality is good, pollution-free, irrigation and drainage easy, the field of convenient management.Area with 1-2 mu for well.Fish ditch is the main place of loach activity, can excavate into sphere of movements for the elephants or " well " font, furrow width 40cm, dark 50cm; Fish-pit is located at four jiaos or diagonal angle of field, the wide 1-2m of fish-pit, and dark 50-60cm, fish-pit communicates with Yu Gou.The area of fish ditch, fish-pit accounts for the 3%-6% of the field gross area.In excavation fish ditch, fish-pit, can utilize and cubic metre of earth increase ridge, make ridge exceed field plate 60cm, the depth of water reaches 25-40cm when ensureing the retaining of wild rice stem field.Enter discharge outlet and be diagonal angle setting, water inlet arranges screen pack, prevents that the harmful organisms such as wild fishes, tadpole from entering Tanaka, and discharge outlet is installed close mesh wire netting grid and blocked, and grid block end and exceed ridge 30cm.
3, wild rice stem is transplanted.Transplant tillering stage at the old stubble of wild rice stem in April in spring, row, spacing in the rows are 0.5m × 0.5m, and want surface planting, and water level remains on 10-15cm.
4, sterilization fertilising.Loach seedling is put in a suitable place to breed first about 10 days, and every mu with quicklime 15-20kg or bleaching powder 1-2.5kg, evenly splashes after being watered stirring, kills Tanaka's pathogenic bacteria and harmful organisms.Before pouring water in wild rice stem field, every mu of organic manure 750Kg left and right of executing through fermenting.
5, loach seedling is put in a suitable place to breed.What wild rice stem field cover was supported loach preferably derives from loach seed farm, select good, individual large, the anosis age without wound of the bodily form in 2 ages, female body weight 15-25g, more than male body weight 12g, after wild rice stem transplanting survival, put in a suitable place to breed, general mu is put loach seedling 2-2.5 ten thousand tails of 3-5 gram/fish of specification, and the salt solution of putting front use 3% in a suitable place to breed soaks 10 minutes, enters field after sterilization.
6, feeding and management.Wild rice stem field cover is supported loach, feeding and management mainly concentrates on fertilising, throw raise, water quality adjustment and prevent escaping the aspects such as anti-evil.Loach belongs to ominivore-fish, often taking organic debris, plankton and zoobenthos as bait.In breeding process, should in Yu Gou, fish-pit, regularly impose poultry, brid guano etc. through fermentation, water in field transparency is controlled at 15-20cm, water colour with yellow green for well.Loach feeding habits are very wide, happiness food livestock and poultry offal, pig blood, fish meal and rice bran, wheat bran, soybean curb residue and artifical compound feed etc.When water temperature is during at 20-23 DEG C, animal and plant forage should respectively account for 50%, and water temperature 24-28 DEG C time, feed of animal origin should account for 70%.Day throw something and feed twice, the morning when 7-10 and afternoon when 4-6 respectively once; Day feeding volume is the 3%-5% of fish body weight, accomplishes timing, location, determine matter, quantitative.Wild rice stem is transplanted and seed is put the initial stage in a suitable place to breed, and water level keeps 10-15cm.Along with wild rice stem grows tall, fingerling is grown up, and progressively add high water level to 20cm left and right, makes loach can in wild rice stem clump, enjoy a trip to forage all the time.When wild rice stem field draining, unsuitable too urgent too fast; Summer high temperature will suitably be flooded or change water for cooling season.The quicklime of will regularly splashing in fish ditch, fish-pit carries out disinfection.Adhere to patrolling every day field.When control wild rice stem damage by disease and insect, should adopt higher effective and lower toxic pesticide as far as possible, and strictly control safety using amount.
7, fish for results.Loach adopts bait trapping, and the bait of frying fragrant rice bran and other loach happiness food is placed in netting gear and is traped; In time gather in wild rice stem.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the cultural method that a kind of high mountain wild rice stem of the present invention field cover is supported loach; fully according to the growth-development law of the growth characteristic of wild rice stem and loach; whole breeding process is simple to operate; input cost is low; breeding convenient management; economic output rate is high; make full use of wild rice stem and loach growth general character simultaneously; manure use and reduce the pesticide dosage such as chemical fertilizer and organic phosphor in large quantities; accomplish ecologic breeding; improve the quality of wild rice stem and loach, protected environment, there is significant economy, ecology and social benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is production technological process of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete condition and production technological process, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
1, kind is selected.Loach selects the secondary loach of large squama that fast growth, meat are good as cultivation object; Wild rice stem selects to grow fast Hangzhou wild rice stem as plantation object.
2, field is selected and irrigation facility.Selection high mountain is had abundant water resources, water quality is good, pollution-free, irrigation and drainage easy, the field of convenient management, and area is 1 mu.Fish ditch excavates into sphere of movements for the elephants shape, furrow width 40cm, dark 50cm; Fish-pit is located at four jiaos or diagonal angle of field, the wide 1-2m of fish-pit, and dark 50-60cm, fish-pit communicates with Yu Gou.The area of fish ditch, fish-pit accounts for the 3%-6% of the field gross area.In excavation fish ditch, fish-pit, can utilize and cubic metre of earth increase ridge, make ridge exceed field plate 60cm, the depth of water reaches 25-40cm when ensureing the retaining of wild rice stem field.Enter discharge outlet and be diagonal angle setting.Water inlet arranges screen pack, prevents that the harmful organisms such as wild fishes, tadpole from entering Tanaka.Discharge outlet is installed close mesh wire netting grid and is blocked, and grid block end and exceed ridge 30cm.
3, wild rice stem is transplanted.Transplant tillering stage at the old stubble of wild rice stem in April in spring, row, spacing in the rows are 0.5m × 0.5m, surface planting, and water level remains on 10-15cm.
4, sterilization fertilising.Loach seedling is put in a suitable place to breed first about 10 days, and every mu with quicklime 15-20kg or bleaching powder 1-2.5kg, evenly splashes after being watered stirring, kills Tanaka's pathogenic bacteria and harmful organisms.Before pouring water in wild rice stem field, every mu of organic manure 750Kg left and right of executing through fermenting.
5, loach seedling is put in a suitable place to breed.Wild rice stem field is overlapped foster loach and is derived from loach seed farm, select good, individual large, the anosis age without wound of the bodily form in 2 ages, female body weight 15-25g, more than male body weight 12g, after wild rice stem transplanting survival, put in a suitable place to breed, mu is put loach seedling 20,000 tails of 3-5 gram/fish of specification, and the salt solution of putting front use 3% in a suitable place to breed soaks 10 minutes, enters field after sterilization.
6, feeding and management.Wild rice stem field cover is supported loach, feeding and management mainly concentrates on fertilising, throw raise, water quality adjustment and prevent escaping the aspects such as anti-evil.Loach belongs to ominivore-fish, often taking organic debris, plankton and zoobenthos as bait.In breeding process, should in Yu Gou, fish-pit, regularly impose poultry, brid guano etc. through fermentation, water in field transparency is controlled at 15-20cm, water colour with yellow green for well.Loach feeding habits are very wide, happiness food livestock and poultry offal, pig blood, fish meal and rice bran, wheat bran, soybean curb residue and artifical compound feed etc.When water temperature is during at 20-23 DEG C, animal and plant forage should respectively account for 50%, and water temperature 24-28 DEG C time, feed of animal origin should account for 70%.Day throw something and feed twice, the morning when 7-10 and afternoon when 4-6 respectively once; Day feeding volume is the 3%-5% of fish body weight, accomplishes timing, location, determine matter, quantitative.Wild rice stem is transplanted and seed is put the initial stage in a suitable place to breed, and water level keeps 10-15cm.Along with wild rice stem grows tall, fingerling is grown up, and progressively add high water level to 20cm left and right, makes loach can in wild rice stem clump, enjoy a trip to forage all the time.When wild rice stem field draining, unsuitable too urgent too fast; Summer high temperature will suitably be flooded or change water for cooling season.The quicklime of will regularly splashing in fish ditch, fish-pit carries out disinfection.Adhere to patrolling every day field.When control wild rice stem damage by disease and insect, should adopt higher effective and lower toxic pesticide as far as possible, and strictly control safety using amount.
7, fish for results.Loach adopts bait trapping, and the bait of frying fragrant rice bran and other loach happiness food is placed in netting gear and is traped; In time gather in wild rice stem.
Embodiment 2
1, kind is selected.Loach selects the secondary loach of large squama that fast growth, meat are good as cultivation object; Wild rice stem selects to grow fast Hangzhou wild rice stem as plantation object.
2, field is selected and irrigation facility.Selection high mountain is had abundant water resources, water quality is good, pollution-free, irrigation and drainage easy, the field of convenient management, and area is 2 mu.Fish ditch excavates into " well " font, furrow width 40cm, dark 50cm; Fish-pit is located at four jiaos or diagonal angle of field, the wide 1-2m of fish-pit, and dark 50-60cm, fish-pit communicates with Yu Gou.The area of fish ditch, fish-pit accounts for the 3%-6% of the field gross area.In excavation fish ditch, fish-pit, can utilize and cubic metre of earth increase ridge, make ridge exceed field plate 60cm, the depth of water reaches 25-40cm when ensureing the retaining of wild rice stem field.Enter discharge outlet and be diagonal angle setting.Water inlet arranges screen pack, prevents that the harmful organisms such as wild fishes, tadpole from entering Tanaka.Discharge outlet is installed close mesh wire netting grid and is blocked, and grid block end and exceed ridge 30cm.
3, wild rice stem is transplanted.Transplant tillering stage at the old stubble of wild rice stem in April in spring, row, spacing in the rows are 0.5m × 0.5m, and want surface planting, and water level remains on 10-15cm.
4, sterilization fertilising.Loach seedling is put in a suitable place to breed first about 10 days, and every mu with quicklime 15-20kg or bleaching powder 1-2.5kg, evenly splashes after being watered stirring, kills Tanaka's pathogenic bacteria and harmful organisms.Before pouring water in wild rice stem field, every mu of organic manure 750Kg left and right of executing through fermenting.
5, loach seedling is put in a suitable place to breed.Foster loach source of seedling is overlapped in loach seed farm in wild rice stem field, select good, individual large, the anosis age without wound of the bodily form in 2 ages, female body weight 15-25g, more than male body weight 12g, after wild rice stem transplanting survival, put in a suitable place to breed, mu is put loach seedling 2.5 ten thousand tails of 3-5 gram/fish of specification, and the salt solution of putting front use 3% in a suitable place to breed soaks 10 minutes, enters field after sterilization.
6, feeding and management.Wild rice stem field cover is supported loach, feeding and management mainly concentrates on fertilising, throw raise, water quality adjustment and prevent escaping the aspects such as anti-evil.Loach belongs to ominivore-fish, often taking organic debris, plankton and zoobenthos as bait.In breeding process, should in Yu Gou, fish-pit, regularly impose poultry, brid guano etc. through fermentation, water in field transparency is controlled at 15-20cm, water colour with yellow green for well.Loach feeding habits are very wide, happiness food livestock and poultry offal, pig blood, fish meal and rice bran, wheat bran, soybean curb residue and artifical compound feed etc.When water temperature is during at 20-23 DEG C, animal and plant forage should respectively account for 50%, and water temperature 24-28 DEG C time, feed of animal origin should account for 70%.Day throw something and feed twice, the morning when 7-10 and afternoon when 4-6 respectively once; Day feeding volume is the 3%-5% of fish body weight, accomplishes timing, location, determine matter, quantitative.Wild rice stem is transplanted and seed is put the initial stage in a suitable place to breed, and water level keeps 10-15cm.Along with wild rice stem grows tall, fingerling is grown up, and progressively add high water level to 20cm left and right, makes loach can in wild rice stem clump, enjoy a trip to forage all the time.When wild rice stem field draining, unsuitable too urgent too fast; Summer high temperature will suitably be flooded or change water for cooling season.The quicklime of will regularly splashing in fish ditch, fish-pit carries out disinfection.Adhere to patrolling every day field.When control wild rice stem damage by disease and insect, should adopt higher effective and lower toxic pesticide as far as possible, and strictly control safety using amount.
7, fish for results.Loach adopts bait trapping, and the bait of frying fragrant rice bran and other loach happiness food is placed in netting gear and is traped; In time gather in wild rice stem.
The present invention is by validity check, and 1. to support loach be to make full use of loach all only to need this general character of shallow water position all one's life with wild rice stem to high mountain wild rice stem field cover, not only planted wild rice stem but also foster loach in field; 2. wild rice stem is capable, spacing in the rows is wider, can be loach enough living space are provided, and summer High Temperature season, cane shoots leaves is very high and wide, it is in great numbers to grow thickly, and becomes natural shading shed, is extremely conducive to loach and avoids heat and aestivate; 3. the animal bait such as bacterium, small-sized parasite in loach happiness drinking water, thus greatly reduce the generation of wild rice stem damage by disease and insect, and the ight soil of loach is again the fertilizer of wild rice stem, thereby can obtain wild rice stem, the two volume increase of loach; 4. economic benefit is high, mu obtain finished product loach 100-150kg, more than wild rice stem 7000kg.
Generally speaking, the inventive method is that wild rice stem, loach are produced to a kind of new breeding mode that provides, the breeding one that is stereo ecological is innovated greatly, particularly utilize the mutual general character of loach and wild rice stem, greatly improve the output of loach, meet the demand of people to the loach being of high nutritive value and wild rice stem, also solved domestic and international imbalance between supply and demand.
Claims (4)
1. the cultural method that high mountain wild rice stem field cover is supported loach, it is characterized in that being made up of following steps:
Step 1: kind is selected, loach selects the secondary loach of large squama that fast growth, meat are good as cultivation object; Wild rice stem selects to grow fast Hangzhou wild rice stem as plantation object;
Step 2: field is selected and irrigation facility, selection high mountain is had abundant water resources, water quality is good, pollution-free, irrigation and drainage easy, the field of convenient management; Area with 1-2 mu for well; Fish ditch excavates into sphere of movements for the elephants or " well " font, furrow width 40cm, dark 50cm; Fish-pit is located at four jiaos or diagonal angle of field, the wide 1-2m of fish-pit, and dark 50-60cm, fish-pit communicates with Yu Gou; The area of fish ditch, fish-pit accounts for the 3%-6% of the field gross area; In excavation fish ditch, fish-pit, can utilize and cubic metre of earth increase ridge, make ridge exceed field plate 60cm, the depth of water reaches 25-40cm when ensureing the retaining of wild rice stem field; Enter discharge outlet and be diagonal angle setting, enter discharge outlet screen pack is installed, exceed ridge 30cm;
Step 3: wild rice stem is transplanted, transplants at the old stubble of wild rice stem in April in spring tillering stage, and row, spacing in the rows are 0.5m × 0.5m, and want surface planting, and water level remains on 10-15cm;
Step 4: sterilization fertilising, loach seedling is put in a suitable place to breed first about 10 days, and every mu with quicklime 15-20kg or bleaching powder 1-2.5kg, evenly splashes after being watered stirring; Before pouring water in wild rice stem field, every mu of organic manure 750Kg left and right of executing through fermenting;
Step 5: loach seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, what wild rice stem field cover was supported loach preferably derives from loach seed farm, select good, individual large, the anosis age without wound of the bodily form in 2 ages, female body weight 15-25g, more than male body weight 12g, after wild rice stem transplanting survival, put in a suitable place to breed, general mu is put loach seedling 2-2.5 ten thousand tails of 3-5 gram/fish of specification, the salt solution of putting front use 3% in a suitable place to breed soaks 10 minutes, enters field after sterilization;
Step 6: feeding and management, wild rice stem field cover is supported loach, feeding and management mainly concentrates on fertilising, throw raise, water quality adjustment and prevent escaping several aspects such as anti-evil; In breeding process, should in Yu Gou, fish-pit, regularly impose poultry, brid guano etc. through fermentation, water in field transparency is controlled at 15-20cm, water colour with yellow green for well; When water temperature is during at 20-23 DEG C, animal and plant forage should respectively account for 50%, and water temperature 24-28 DEG C time, feed of animal origin should account for 70%; Day throw something and feed twice, the morning when 7-10 and afternoon when 4-6 respectively once; Day feeding volume is the 3%-5% of fish body weight; Wild rice stem is transplanted and seed is put the initial stage in a suitable place to breed, and fish seedling is short can light irrigation, water level maintenance 10-15cm; Along with wild rice stem grows tall, fingerling is grown up, and progressively add high water level to 20cm left and right; When wild rice stem field draining, unsuitable too urgent too fast; Summer high temperature will suitably be flooded or change water for cooling season; The quicklime of will regularly splashing in fish ditch, fish-pit carries out disinfection; Adhere to patrolling every day field; When control wild rice stem damage by disease and insect, should adopt higher effective and lower toxic pesticide as far as possible, and strictly control safety using amount;
Step 7: fish for results, loach adopts bait trapping, is placed on the bait of frying fragrant rice bran and other loach happiness food in netting gear and traps; In time gather in wild rice stem.
2. the cultural method that a kind of high mountain wild rice stem according to claim 1 field cover is supported loach, is characterized in that in described step (2), cultured area is 1-2 mu.
3. the cultural method that a kind of high mountain wild rice stem according to claim 1 field cover is supported loach, is characterized in that in described step (2), fish ditch excavates into sphere of movements for the elephants or " well " font, furrow width 40cm, dark 50cm.
4. the cultural method that a kind of high mountain wild rice stem according to claim 1 field cover is supported loach, is characterized in that in described step (5), mu is put loach seedling 2-2.5 ten thousand tails of 3-5 gram/fish of specification.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107041218A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-08-15 | 五河县茂源水蛭生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech |
| CN107211707A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-29 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of wild rice stem field intercropping loach |
| CN107810792A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-20 | 姜丽 | The spring canopy room deep water shield kind method in No. three Zhejiang of Zhejiang hay region |
| CN107821022A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-23 | 姜丽 | No. three Fujian of Zhejiang hay region spring canopy room deep water shield kind method |
| CN108055976A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-22 | 全椒县大地种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of organic wild rice stem greenhouse production |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107041218A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-08-15 | 五河县茂源水蛭生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech |
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| CN107810792A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-20 | 姜丽 | The spring canopy room deep water shield kind method in No. three Zhejiang of Zhejiang hay region |
| CN107821022A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-23 | 姜丽 | No. three Fujian of Zhejiang hay region spring canopy room deep water shield kind method |
| CN108055976A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-22 | 全椒县大地种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of organic wild rice stem greenhouse production |
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Application publication date: 20141008 |