CN104049335A - Precision micrometric displacement actuator used under polar region low-temperature environment - Google Patents
Precision micrometric displacement actuator used under polar region low-temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104049335A CN104049335A CN201410273276.7A CN201410273276A CN104049335A CN 104049335 A CN104049335 A CN 104049335A CN 201410273276 A CN201410273276 A CN 201410273276A CN 104049335 A CN104049335 A CN 104049335A
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- CBVWMGCJNPPAAR-HJWRWDBZSA-N (nz)-n-(5-methylheptan-3-ylidene)hydroxylamine Chemical compound CCC(C)C\C(CC)=N/O CBVWMGCJNPPAAR-HJWRWDBZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a precision micrometric displacement actuator used under a polar region low-temperature environment, and relates to the precision micrometric displacement actuator. The precision micrometric displacement actuator solves the problem a supporting and adjusting mechanism suitable for a large-scale segmented mirror telescope under the polar region low-temperature environment does not exist at present. A base plate is mounted in a shell, a rolling linear guide rail is mounted on the base plate, and a left end cap and a right end cap are arranged at the two ends of the shell in a covering mode respectively. A flexible shaft is mounted on a driving rod, a motor seat is mounted on the rolling linear guide rail, and a stepping motor is mounted on the motor seat. One end of a screw rod is connected with the stepping motor through an elastic coupler, a base is mounted on the base plate, and a sleeve is mounted in the base. A first nut is mounted at the left end of the driving rod, a second nut is mounted at the right end of the sleeve, and the other end of the screw rod is screwed on the second nut and the first nut. One end of the driving rod is inserted into the sleeve and is connected with the first nut, and the other end of the screw rod is connected with the flexible shaft. A shaft sleeve is arranged on the driving rod in a sleeved mode, and a pre-tightening spring is arranged on the driving rod in a sleeved mode and is compressed between the first nut and the shaft sleeve. The precision micrometric displacement actuator is used in the segmented mirror telescope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of precision micro-displacement actuator, be specifically related to the precision micro-displacement actuator that uses under a kind of polar low-temperature environment, belong to telescope segmented mirror active optics technical field.
Background technology
Along with the development of Modern Astronomical technology, light collecting light ability and the spatial resolution of astronomer to astronomical telescope had higher requirement.Light collecting light ability is embodied in can find farther, darker weak target, and spatial resolution is embodied in to be seen clearly in details.The telescopical spatial resolution minimum interval that namely system can be differentiated, the beam size of it and object lens is inversely proportional to, if improve the spatial resolution of astronomical optics telescope, will increase the bore of object lens.At present, maximum monolithic telescope mirror diameter has reached 8m.
Along with the increase of telescope bore, a series of technical matters comes one after another.For example, large diameter single minute surface is difficult to processing, the expense that makes to manufacture single minute surface almost to two-way mirror bore square or cube be directly proportional, cost is high.Therefore, in the Design and manufacturing process of astronomical telescope, in order to reduce costs and the difficulty of minute surface manufacture, processing, large telescope much all adopts segmented mirror active optics technology, be spliced into bigbore minute surface with small-bore sub-mirror, apply modern sensing and control technology, realize Active Compensation, to reach optical imagery requirement.
Mechanical micro-displacement actuator plays the effect of supporting the sub-mirror of splicing and the sub-mirror attitude of minute adjustment in segmented mirror active optics technology.According to the principle of segmented mirror active optics and requirement, every sub-minute surface needs several mechanical micro-displacement actuators regulate its attitude to realize the autonomous initiatively coplanar requirement of sub-mirror, and this becomes micrometric displacement actuation technique and mechanical micro-displacement actuator to realize core technology and the parts of segmented mirror active optics technology.Mechanical micro-displacement actuator in segmented mirror active optics technology as positioning supports and governor motion, must be able to realize the displacement output of stable micro/nano level resolution and grade stroke, and there is the performance of heavy load, also will overcome or reduce harmful shortcomings such as stick-slip friction, sluggishness, backlash and heat-dissipating simultaneously, be a gordian technique that improves segmented mirror active optics telescope performance.
At present, China there is no and produces the astronomical producer with mechanical micro-displacement actuator, and external Related product exists effective displacement little, output loading capability is little, the harmful backhaul gap of micron order and travelling speed more slowly, the shortcoming such as not low temperature resistant, expensive, following greatly Aperture Telescope will adopt sub-mirror splicing on a large scale, need to use a large amount of mechanical micro-displacement actuators, thereby carry out the development of mechanical micro-displacement actuator, and grasp its independent intellectual property right and there is necessity and urgency.
Meanwhile, some areas, Antarctica height above sea level is higher, and atmosphere is very cold dry, and moisture content is low, and air is very thin, and atmospheric transmittance is high, can carry out the approximately Continuous Observation of 4 months at polar night, has excellent astronomical sight condition.Therefore, each state has all carried out relevant astronomical sight project in Antarctic region, but by up to the present, is not also placed in the world the large-scale segmented mirror telescope of arctic regions.Consider that arctic regions environment is severe, annual temperature is very low, and can avenge with high wind, and this makes the arctic regions telescopical design of large-scale segmented mirror be different from the telescope in other environment.Mechanical micro-displacement actuator is as one of core component in segmented mirror active optics technology, while being applied to arctic regions, require to have low temperature resistant, compact conformation, the feature that anti-high wind snow corrodes.At present, there is no in the world this series products.Therefore the correlative study to the precision micro-displacement actuator using under low temperature environment, can lay the first stone for China designs the large-scale segmented mirror telescope in arctic regions, and then promotes the astronomical development in the South Pole.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to solve the large-scale segmented mirror not being applicable at present under polar low-temperature environment look in the distance support on mirror mirror and the problem of governor motion.And then provide the precision micro-displacement actuator using under a kind of polar low-temperature environment.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the precision micro-displacement actuator using under a kind of polar low-temperature environment, it comprises driving mechanism, differential screw mechanism and movement support device, differential screw mechanism and driving mechanism are arranged in movement support device, described movement support device comprises flexible shaft, left end cap, rolling linear guide, backing plate, housing and right end cap, backing plate is arranged in housing, rolling linear guide is arranged on backing plate, left end cap and right end cap mount cover respectively the two ends at housing, flexible shaft is installed on driving stem left part, and driving stem left end through left end cap and and left end cap clearance fit, described driving mechanism comprises spring coupling, motor cabinet and stepper motor, motor cabinet is arranged on rolling linear guide, stepper motor is arranged on motor cabinet, the output terminal of stepper motor is connected with spring coupling, described differential screw mechanism comprises driving stem, axle sleeve, sleeve, pedestal, the first nut, screw rod, the second nut and preloading spring, one end of screw rod is connected with stepper motor by spring coupling, pedestal is arranged on backing plate, sleeve is arranged in pedestal, the first nut is arranged on driving stem right part, the second nut is arranged on the right part of sleeve, the other end of screw rod is screwed on the second nut and the first nut successively, sleeve inner is inserted in driving stem one end, and be connected with the first nut, the other end of driving stem is connected with flexible shaft, the external part of driving stem is connected with rolling linear guide, axle sleeve is sleeved on driving stem, preloading spring is sleeved on the driving stem between axle sleeve and the first nut.
The present invention compared with prior art has following effect:
1. the present invention adopts differential screw gear train, have advantages of compact conformation, output accuracy high, low temperature resistant, without backhaul gap, cut off self-lock, stability is strong, good airproof performance, not only can realize the look in the distance high precision position and posture adjustment of mirror mirror of large-scale segmented mirror, the wind and snow that can also effectively prevent arctic regions corrodes, and realizes very high kinematic accuracy and system stability under polar low-temperature condition.
2. the pretightning force that the preloading spring of differential screw mechanism of the present invention provides can effectively be eliminated the gap of screw pair, improve the output accuracy of differential screw mechanism, its unidirectional output displacement precision is less than 1 micron, can ensure to be better than the straight-line displacement output of 1 micron of stepping accuracy, its load force is greater than 60N simultaneously, be greater than ± 1mm of stroke, meets segmented mirror face shape and reaches optical imagery requirement.
Flexible operation of the present invention, be convenient to manufacture.
4. the actuator airtight cavity of left end cap of the present invention, housing and right end cap composition can effectively prevent the erosion of arctic regions high wind snow, is particularly useful for using under polar low-temperature environment.
5. movement support device of the present invention is that the large-scale segmented mirror mirror mirror of looking in the distance provides support, and realizes the look in the distance adjusting of mirror mirror attitude of large-scale segmented mirror by differential screw mechanism.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is integrally-built front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is integrally-built explosive view of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the precision micro-displacement actuator using under a kind of polar low-temperature environment of present embodiment comprises driving mechanism, differential screw mechanism and movement support device, differential screw mechanism and driving mechanism are arranged in movement support device, described movement support device comprises flexible shaft 1, left end cap 12, rolling linear guide 13, backing plate 15, housing 16 and right end cap 17, backing plate 15 is arranged in housing 16, rolling linear guide 13 is arranged on backing plate 15, left end cap 12 and right end cap 17 mount cover respectively the two ends at housing 16, flexible shaft 1 is arranged on driving stem 2 left parts, and driving stem 2 left ends through left end cap 12 and and left end cap 12 clearance fit, described driving mechanism comprises spring coupling 9, motor cabinet 10 and stepper motor 11, motor cabinet 10 is arranged on rolling linear guide 13, stepper motor 11 is arranged on motor cabinet 10, the output terminal of stepper motor 11 is connected with spring coupling 9, described differential screw mechanism comprises driving stem 2, axle sleeve 3, sleeve 4, pedestal 5, the first nut 6, screw rod 7, the second nut 8 and preloading spring 14, one end of screw rod 7 is connected with stepper motor 11 by spring coupling 9, pedestal 5 is arranged on backing plate 15, sleeve 4 is arranged in pedestal 5, the first nut 6 is arranged on driving stem 2 left parts, the second nut 8 is arranged on the right part of sleeve 4, the other end of screw rod 7 is screwed on the second nut 8 and the first nut 6 successively, sleeve 4 inside are inserted in driving stem 2 one end, and be connected with the first nut 6, the other end of driving stem 2 is connected with flexible shaft 1, the external part of driving stem 2 is connected with rolling linear guide 13, axle sleeve 3 is sleeved on driving stem 2, preloading spring 14 is sleeved on the driving stem 2 between axle sleeve 3 and the first nut 6.
Screw rod 7 right-hand members and second nut 8 of present embodiment form screw pair, and screw rod 7 left ends and the first nut 6 form screw pair, preloading spring 14 be enclosed within on driving stem 2 and be compressed in axle sleeve 3 and the first nut 6 between.Screw rod 7 has two sections of screw threads, and the pitch of left end screw thread is t
1, the pitch of right-hand member screw thread is t
2, and t
2>t
1, two sections of thread rotary orientations are identical, when stepper motor 11 drives screw rod 7 rotational angles
time, the micrometric displacement S of the output of the first nut 6 is:
Pitch t
2, t
1be designed to made in Great Britain and mounce kind mixing pitch, ensure to produce minimum pitch difference.Stepper motor 11 produces very little step angle after electricity segmentation, and S is very little value, and the first nut 6 can be exported minimum micrometric displacement, and the first nut 6 is installed on driving stem 2, and driving stem 2 can be exported minimum displacement.
The driving stem 2 of present embodiment is " T " font driving stem, one end of the horizon bar of " T " font driving stem is connected with the first nut 6, the other end of horizon bar is connected with flexible shaft 1, the vertical bar of driving stem 2 is vertical external part, the left end slide block of rolling linear guide 13 is connected with the vertical external part of driving stem 2 by hexagon socket cap head screw, for support drive bar 2, stop driving stem 2 around self axis rotation.
The rolling linear guide 13 right-hand member slide blocks of present embodiment are connected with stepper motor 11 by motor cabinet 10, and for supporting stepper motor 11, restriction stepper motor 11 is around self axis rotation.
The flexible shaft 1 of present embodiment is installed on driving stem 2 left ends, can realize like this rotary freedom that produces small scale when many actuators are common supports single sub-mirror.
Embodiment two: in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, the housing 16 of present embodiment is cylindrical shell.So arrange, be convenient to coordinate with whole telescope, left end cap 12, right end cap 17 mount cover in housing 16 both sides simultaneously, make housing of the present invention have certain sealing, can prevent that high wind snow from corroding.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, is provided with successively from left to right two sections of screw threads on the screw rod 7 of present embodiment, the pitch of first paragraph screw thread is less than the pitch of second segment screw thread.So arrange, make the present invention can export minimum micrometric displacement.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, the first paragraph screw thread of present embodiment is identical with the rotation direction of second segment screw thread.So arrange, make the present invention can export minimum micrometric displacement.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one, two or three.
Embodiment five: in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, each parts of present embodiment are stainless steel homogeneous material.So arrange, when design, the material of each parts of the present invention is chosen as stainless steel homogeneous material, ensure that under cryogenic conditions, each parts have identical temperature deformation, and can under the long-time low temperature environment in polar region, keep the mechanical property of parts, realize kinematic accuracy and system stability very high under cryogenic conditions.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one, two, three or four.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 2, clearance fit between driving stem 2 left ends of present embodiment and left end cap 12, adopt the clearance fit of precision machine tool sliding bearing, ensure that maximal clearance is 50 μ m, so arrange, when being convenient to realize driving stem 2 smooth and easy motion, ensure integrally-built sealing.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one or five.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
Start stepper motor 11, stepper motor 11 is passed to power screw rod 7 and drives screw rod 7 to rotate by spring coupling 9, when screw rod 7 rotates, the first nut 6 of differential screw mechanism produces micro-displacement, the first nut 6 is in the time producing displacement, promote driving stem 2 to left end rectilinear motion, driving stem 2 drives again flexible shaft 1 to move linearly.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; but not of the present invention in order to limit; those skilled in the art can also do other variations in spirit of the present invention; and be applied in the NM field of the present invention; certainly, these variations of doing according to spirit of the present invention all should be included in the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (6)
1. the precision micro-displacement actuator using under a polar low-temperature environment, it is characterized in that: it comprises driving mechanism, differential screw mechanism and movement support device, differential screw mechanism and driving mechanism are arranged in movement support device, described movement support device comprises flexible shaft (1), left end cap (12), rolling linear guide (13), backing plate (15), housing (16) and right end cap (17), backing plate (15) is arranged in housing (16), rolling linear guide (13) is arranged on backing plate (15), left end cap (12) and right end cap (17) mount cover respectively the two ends in housing (16), flexible shaft (1) is arranged on driving stem (2) left part, and driving stem (2) left end through left end cap (12) and and left end cap (12) clearance fit, described driving mechanism comprises spring coupling (9), motor cabinet (10) and stepper motor (11), motor cabinet (10) is arranged on rolling linear guide (13), stepper motor (11) is arranged on motor cabinet (10), the output terminal of stepper motor (11) is connected with spring coupling (9), described differential screw mechanism comprises driving stem (2), axle sleeve (3), sleeve (4), pedestal (5), the first nut (6), screw rod (7), the second nut (8) and preloading spring (14), one end of screw rod (7) is connected with stepper motor (11) by spring coupling (9), pedestal (5) is arranged on backing plate (15), sleeve (4) is arranged in pedestal (5), the first nut (6) is arranged on driving stem (2) right part, the second nut (8) is arranged on the right part of sleeve (4), the other end of screw rod (7) is screwed on the second nut (8) and the first nut (6) successively, sleeve (4) inside is inserted in driving stem (2) one end, and be connected with the first nut (6), the other end of driving stem (2) is connected with flexible shaft (1), the external part of driving stem (2) is connected with rolling linear guide (13), axle sleeve (3) is sleeved on driving stem (2), preloading spring (14) is sleeved on the driving stem (2) between axle sleeve (3) and the first nut (6).
2. the precision micro-displacement actuator using under a kind of polar low-temperature environment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: left end cap (12), right end cap (17) and housing (16) composition have the cylindrical shell of certain sealing.
3. the precision micro-displacement actuator using under a kind of polar low-temperature environment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: on screw rod (7), be provided with successively from left to right two sections of screw threads, the pitch of first paragraph screw thread is less than the pitch of second segment screw thread.
4. according to the precision micro-displacement actuator using under a kind of polar low-temperature environment described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: described first paragraph screw thread is identical with the rotation direction of second segment screw thread.
5. the precision micro-displacement actuator using under a kind of polar low-temperature environment according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described driving stem (2) is installed on same rolling linear guide (13) with motor cabinet (10).
6. according to the precision micro-displacement actuator using under a kind of polar low-temperature environment described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that: clearance fit between described driving stem (2) left end and left end cap (12), and ensure that maximal clearance is 50 μ m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410273276.7A CN104049335B (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2014-06-18 | The precision micro-displacement actuator used under a kind of polar low-temperature environment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410273276.7A CN104049335B (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2014-06-18 | The precision micro-displacement actuator used under a kind of polar low-temperature environment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104049335A true CN104049335A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
| CN104049335B CN104049335B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104483743A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-04-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Direct drive type precise micro displacement actuator for polar environment |
| CN112799208A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | High-precision micro-displacement actuator for adjusting mirror surface position of astronomical telescope |
| CN113534402A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-22 | 万灵帮桥医疗器械(广州)有限责任公司 | Reflector adjusting device |
| WO2022059732A1 (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-03-24 | Ntn株式会社 | Linear actuator |
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| CN113534402A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-22 | 万灵帮桥医疗器械(广州)有限责任公司 | Reflector adjusting device |
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| CN104049335B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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Granted publication date: 20160420 |