CN103964944A - Method for preparation of rice seedling raising matrix by utilizing oyster mushroom waste - Google Patents
Method for preparation of rice seedling raising matrix by utilizing oyster mushroom waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN103964944A CN103964944A CN201410155611.3A CN201410155611A CN103964944A CN 103964944 A CN103964944 A CN 103964944A CN 201410155611 A CN201410155611 A CN 201410155611A CN 103964944 A CN103964944 A CN 103964944A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparation of a rice seedling raising matrix by utilizing oyster mushroom waste. The method comprises the steps of crushing, moisture adjustment, heaping, overturning, water replenishing, fermentation completion and matrix preparation. According to the invention, as the oyster mushroom waste is utilized to prepare the rice seedling raising matrix, various nutrients required by seedling emergence of seed rice can be satisfied, the growth environment of the seed rice can be further purified, the spreading of a soil-borne disease is inhibited, the plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage are reduced, rapid growth of seed rice is prompted, the planting percent is increased, the seedling culturing period is shortened, the produced rice seedling root system is developed, and the rice seedlings are healthy and strong. According to the invention, an approach for resource utilization of the oyster mushroom waste is provided, a new matrix for rice seedling raising is found, comprehensive production cost is reduced, and farmers' farming income is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing flat mushroom waste-material-preparing seedling raising ground substance, belong to agriculture cultivation technology field.
Background technology
Rice industrial sprout cultivation is to utilize modern agriculture to equip the mode of production of carrying out intensive seedling, collects dynamo-electricization, stdn, automatic control turns to one, is a technology that modern agriculture engineering combines with agronomy.This technology of industrial sprout cultivation is to reduce labor intensity. accelerating development the key of transplanting, is also the key link that realizes Rice Production entire mechanization.At present our province paddy rice main producing region has been built industrial sprout cultivation booth mostly, although strong promotion the volume increase of grain, correspondingly occurred that some new problems are badly in need of solving.Every mu of seedling greenhouse can be planted 80-100 mu left and right, land for growing field crops, needs 10 cubes of left and right of bed soil for raising seedlings, and aggregate demand is more than 200,000 sides.Bed soil for raising seedlings needs the winter to shine, pulverizes, mixes fertilizer, piles the multiple tracks formalities such as vexed, the trouble that fetches earth, and be subject to overcast and rainy impact, simultaneously also spoiled soil arable layer, therefore, be badly in need of a kind of seedling raising ground substance of exploitation and replace bed soil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing flat mushroom waste-material-preparing seedling raising ground substance, not only, for the recycling of flat mushroom waste material provides an approach, also for raising rice seedlings has found a kind of new matrix, improve seedling rate, reduce seedling stage diseases and pests, shorten growing-seedling period.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A method of utilizing flat mushroom waste-material-preparing seedling raising ground substance, comprises the following steps:
(1) pulverize: after at the end of two months, fruiting finishes, flat mushroom garbage collection is pulverized, fineness is controlled at below 0.2mm, as inconvenience maybe can not be pulverized, also should manage fragmentation, and waste material length is controlled at below 0.5-1 centimetre;
(2) regulate moisture: the moisture content of flat mushroom waste material will be controlled at 55-65%, and hand is grabbed one, water breakthrough prints and does not drip, and lands and both falls apart and be advisable;
(3) build heap: bank can be built heap on the spot, directly at booth, pile high high at 1.5-2 rice, width 2-3 rice, the length of bank, more than 3 meters, facilitates overturning; Roll both sides mocromembrane daytime, booth two is opened wide all the time, so that ventilated;
(4) overturning: after fermentative processing starts, through fermentation in 5-10 days, temperature can reach more than 60-65 DEG C, now should turning over materials, can turn over weekly one to twice later, notes ventilated;
(5) moisturizing: the later stage constantly evaporates because of moisture, should note timely moisturizing;
(6) fermented: material is black or chocolate, one draw or one pinch broken, slightly ammonia perfume (or spice), spill fragrance or Earthy Taste, without any stink, temperature is progressively reduced to 35-40 DEG C or following naturally, and fermentation completes substantially, total fermentation time, at 25-30 days, after this can be spread bank out, airing 3-5 days;
(7) matrix composition: the good flat mushroom waste material of getting above-mentioned airing adds and is equivalent to the vermiculite of flat mushroom waste material weight 20-30%, the volcanics of 10-15%, the six ring stones of 2-4%, the leaf-humidified soil of 4-8%, the deer natural pond soil of 3-6%, the slow-releasing granules of 1-3%, turns 2-3 time.
The preparation method of described slow-releasing granules is as follows: a, get the raw material of following weight part: urea 15-20, calcium superphosphate 5-10, dry cow dung 10-15, the withered powder 3-5 of tea, Sweetscented Oleander Leaf powder 2-4, Folium Ricini powder 1.5-2.5, capsicum dregs of rice 3-5, Viscoat 295 2-3, attapulgite 4-6, chitosan 15-20, sodium polyaspartate 5-10, tween-80 2-3, carboxymethyl cellulose 2.5-4.5; B, get urea, calcium superphosphate, dry cow dung, the capsicum dregs of rice, attapulgite mixes, and pulverizes, and mixes with the withered powder of tea, Sweetscented Oleander Leaf powder, Folium Ricini powder, Viscoat 295, granulation, dries, stand-by; B, get 1% acetum that chitosan is dissolved in certain volume and be mixed with 10-15g/L chitosan gum liquid solution, then add sodium polyaspartate, tween-80, carboxymethyl cellulose, heating in water bath, to 50-60 DEG C, stirs 5-10min, obtains release-controlled coated liquid; C, coated slow-release liquid is evenly sprayed to the particle surface that step a makes by atomizing nozzle, dry, obtain slow-releasing granules.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention utilizes flat mushroom waste-material-preparing seedling raising ground substance, not only can meet the seed rice required various nutrients of emerging, can also purify the growing environment of seed rice, suppress the propagation of soil-borne disease, reduce seedling stage diseases and pests, promote seed rice Fast Growth, improve seedling rate, shorten growing-seedling period, the rice shoot well developed root system of production, rice shoot stalwartness.The present invention not only provides an approach for the recycling of flat mushroom waste material, also, for raising rice seedlings has found a kind of new matrix, has reduced comprehensive production cost, has improved peasant's income of tilling the land.
Embodiment
A method of utilizing flat mushroom waste-material-preparing seedling raising ground substance, comprises the following steps:
(1) pulverize: after at the end of two months, fruiting finishes, flat mushroom garbage collection is pulverized, fineness is controlled at below 0.2mm, as inconvenience maybe can not be pulverized, also should manage fragmentation, and waste material length is controlled at below 0.6 centimetre;
(2) regulate moisture: the moisture content of flat mushroom waste material will be controlled at 60%, and hand is grabbed one, water breakthrough prints and does not drip, and lands and both falls apart and be advisable;
(3) build heap: bank can be built heap on the spot, directly at booth, pile high at 1.5 meters high, 2 meters of width, the length of bank, more than 3 meters, facilitates overturning; Roll both sides mocromembrane daytime, booth two is opened wide all the time, so that ventilated;
(4) overturning: after fermentative processing starts, through fermentation in 7 days, temperature can reach more than 60 DEG C, now should turning over materials, can turn over weekly one to twice later, notes ventilated;
(5) moisturizing: the later stage constantly evaporates because of moisture, should note timely moisturizing;
(6) fermented: material is black or chocolate, one draw or one pinch broken, slightly ammonia perfume (or spice), spill fragrance or Earthy Taste, without any stink, temperature is progressively reduced to 35 DEG C or following naturally, and fermentation completes substantially, total fermentation time, at 25 days, after this can be spread bank out, airing 4 days;
(7) matrix composition: the good flat mushroom waste material of getting above-mentioned airing adds and is equivalent to the vermiculite of flat mushroom waste material weight 25%, 15% volcanics, 3% six ring stones, 6% leaf-humidified soil, 4% deer natural pond soil, 2% slow-releasing granules, turns 3 times.
The preparation method of described slow-releasing granules is as follows: a, get the raw material of following weight (kg): urea 18, calcium superphosphate 7, dry cow dung 15, the withered powder 4 of tea, Sweetscented Oleander Leaf powder 3, Folium Ricini powder 2, the capsicum dregs of rice 4, Viscoat 295 2, attapulgite 5, chitosan 16, sodium polyaspartate 8, tween-80 2, carboxymethyl cellulose 3.5; B, get urea, calcium superphosphate, dry cow dung, the capsicum dregs of rice, attapulgite mixes, and pulverizes, and mixes with the withered powder of tea, Sweetscented Oleander Leaf powder, Folium Ricini powder, Viscoat 295, granulation, dries, stand-by; B, get 1% acetum that chitosan is dissolved in certain volume and be mixed with 15g/L chitosan gum liquid solution, then add sodium polyaspartate, tween-80, carboxymethyl cellulose, heating in water bath to 60 DEG C, stirs 5min, obtains release-controlled coated liquid; C, coated slow-release liquid is evenly sprayed to the particle surface that step a makes by atomizing nozzle, dry, obtain slow-releasing granules.
The rice shoot well developed root system that aforesaid method is produced, rice shoot stalwartness, seedling stage diseases and pests is below 1%, and seedling rate reaches more than 95%, has reduced comprehensive production cost, has improved peasant's income of tilling the land.
Claims (2)
1. utilize a method for flat mushroom waste-material-preparing seedling raising ground substance, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) pulverize: after at the end of two months, fruiting finishes, flat mushroom garbage collection is pulverized, fineness is controlled at below 0.2mm, as inconvenience maybe can not be pulverized, also should manage fragmentation, and waste material length is controlled at below 0.5-1 centimetre;
(2) regulate moisture: the moisture content of flat mushroom waste material will be controlled at 55-65%, and hand is grabbed one, water breakthrough prints and does not drip, and lands and both falls apart and be advisable;
(3) build heap: bank can be built heap on the spot, directly at booth, pile high high at 1.5-2 rice, width 2-3 rice, the length of bank, more than 3 meters, facilitates overturning; Roll both sides mocromembrane daytime, booth two is opened wide all the time, so that ventilated;
(4) overturning: after fermentative processing starts, through fermentation in 5-10 days, temperature can reach more than 60-65 DEG C, now should turning over materials, can turn over weekly one to twice later, notes ventilated;
(5) moisturizing: the later stage constantly evaporates because of moisture, should note timely moisturizing;
(6) fermented: material is black or chocolate, one draw or one pinch broken, slightly ammonia perfume (or spice), spill fragrance or Earthy Taste, without any stink, temperature is progressively reduced to 35-40 DEG C or following naturally, and fermentation completes substantially, total fermentation time, at 25-30 days, after this can be spread bank out, airing 3-5 days;
(7) matrix composition: the good flat mushroom waste material of getting above-mentioned airing adds and is equivalent to the vermiculite of flat mushroom waste material weight 20-30%, the volcanics of 10-15%, the six ring stones of 2-4%, the leaf-humidified soil of 4-8%, the deer natural pond soil of 3-6%, the slow-releasing granules of 1-3%, turns 2-3 time.
2. the method for utilizing flat mushroom waste-material-preparing seedling raising ground substance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described slow-releasing granules is as follows: a, get the raw material of following weight part: urea 15-20, calcium superphosphate 5-10, dry cow dung 10-15, the withered powder 3-5 of tea, Sweetscented Oleander Leaf powder 2-4, Folium Ricini powder 1.5-2.5, capsicum dregs of rice 3-5, Viscoat 295 2-3, attapulgite 4-6, chitosan 15-20, sodium polyaspartate 5-10, tween-80 2-3, carboxymethyl cellulose 2.5-4.5; B, get urea, calcium superphosphate, dry cow dung, the capsicum dregs of rice, attapulgite mixes, and pulverizes, and mixes with the withered powder of tea, Sweetscented Oleander Leaf powder, Folium Ricini powder, Viscoat 295, granulation, dries, stand-by; B, get 1% acetum that chitosan is dissolved in certain volume and be mixed with 10-15g/L chitosan gum liquid solution, then add sodium polyaspartate, tween-80, carboxymethyl cellulose, heating in water bath, to 50-60 DEG C, stirs 5-10min, obtains release-controlled coated liquid; C, coated slow-release liquid is evenly sprayed to the particle surface that step a makes by atomizing nozzle, dry, obtain slow-releasing granules.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114190255A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 四川省农业科学院作物研究所 | Rice rapid seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102503613A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-06-20 | 无锡市绿农食用菌有限公司 | Method for producing rice seedling raising substrate by using edible fungus waste and enzyme residues |
| CN103524253A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 河北科技师范学院 | Seedling culturing matrix, preparing method and application of matrix |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102503613A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-06-20 | 无锡市绿农食用菌有限公司 | Method for producing rice seedling raising substrate by using edible fungus waste and enzyme residues |
| CN103524253A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 河北科技师范学院 | Seedling culturing matrix, preparing method and application of matrix |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 童淑媛等: "菌糠基质育秧技术要点", 《中国稻米》, 20 March 2013 (2013-03-20), pages 58 - 59 * |
| 陈世昌等: "菌糠基质发酵关键技术及基质育苗效果的研", 《万方数据学位论文全文数据库》, 8 December 2008 (2008-12-08), pages 9 - 10 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114190255A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 四川省农业科学院作物研究所 | Rice rapid seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
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