CN103960100A - Three-dimensional composite duck and shrimp culture method carried out in rice field - Google Patents
Three-dimensional composite duck and shrimp culture method carried out in rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN103960100A CN103960100A CN201410220048.3A CN201410220048A CN103960100A CN 103960100 A CN103960100 A CN 103960100A CN 201410220048 A CN201410220048 A CN 201410220048A CN 103960100 A CN103960100 A CN 103960100A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional composite duck and shrimp culture method carried out in a rice field. The method includes the following steps of preparing the rice field, selecting rice seeds, ducklings and shrimps, cultivating rice, putting the ducklings into the rice field, putting the shrimps into the rice field, carrying out field management, luring the ducklings to get out of the rice field, harvesting rice and catching the shrimps. The ecological adaptability of the method is high, the structure of products obtained in the method is various, the economic efficiency is high, diseases, insect pests and weeds can be prevented for the rice by means of the ducklings and the shrimps, the use quantity of pesticides and chemical fertilizers can be reduced, pollution to the environment is reduced and planting cost can be further reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to paddy field cultivation field, relate in particular to the method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in a kind of rice field and shrimp.
Background technology
Current, paddy field cultivation adopts single agricultural planting technique mostly, be early rice and late rice crop rotation, semilate rice and rape rotation isotype, the essential characteristic of above-mentioned pattern shows as that annidation is weak, product structure is single, economic benefit is lower, cause because of damage by disease and insect and the weather reason crop yield underproduction serious, can not effectively improve the integrated production capacity in rice field.In addition, deterioration along with Rice Cropping environment, disease, insect pest, crop smothering are on the rise, and in traditional mode of production, chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals have become the Main Means that guarantees rice yield, so more aggravated the pollution to environment, not only the output value is low, synergy is slow, and planting cost also grows with each passing day, serious blow peasant's enthusiasm of producing, both threaten the grain security of country, also do not met the requirement that country builds a well-off society in an all-round way simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for single agricultural planting technique annidation in prior art is weak, product structure is single, economic benefit is lower, disease pest and weed is serious, the pollution of environment is on the rise and the above-mentioned defect such as planting cost height, provide that a kind of annidation is strong, the product structure variation that obtains, can increase economic efficiency, can utilize duck and shrimp prevent paddy rice disease pest and weed, can reduce agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer use, be of value to and alleviate the pollution of environment and can reduce the rice field solid integrated farming duck of planting cost and the method for shrimp.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows:
A method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field and shrimp, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare in rice field: select low land reclaimed from a lake, in low land reclaimed from a lake, surrounding is offered shrimp ditch; Shrimp ditch one end is provided with passage, and ridging is done ridge outside shrimp ditch, and at the nearer local drainage trenching in the dried up source of ridge surrounding;
(2) select seed rice, duckling and seed shrimp: select the duckling of good seed rice and individual health, and select gonadal maturation, stalwartness, anosis and without the close shrimp of wound as seed shrimp;
(3) rice-cultivating;
(4) duckling enters field: put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether;
(5) seed shrimp enters field: input seed shrimp enters field and paddy rice and duck and educates altogether;
(6) field management;
(7) lure duck to go out field: until paddy, to bow after loose seed, the duck of having instructed is induced to field;
(8) results paddy rice: paddy rice yellow maturity is gathered in the crops latter stage in real time, and stays rice stub 0.2-0.4m;
(9) become shrimp to fish for.
In the method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field of the present invention and shrimp, first rice cultivation in ready low land reclaimed from a lake, after put successively duckling and seed shrimp and enter rice field and educate altogether, set up " paddy rice-duck-shrimp " three-dimensional integrated farming pattern, product structure is able to variation, this solid integrated farming pattern has also formed the green prevention and control chain that utilizes duck and shrimp prevention paddy rice disease pest and weed, the annidation that has strengthened to a great extent " paddy rice-duck-shrimp " three-dimensional integrated farming pattern, has significantly improved economic benefit.
In " paddy rice-duck-shrimp " the three-dimensional integrated farming pattern building in technical scheme of the present invention, can utilize duck to eliminate weeds in field, prey on the insects such as all kinds of snout moth's larvas and rice fulgorid, duck is shuttled back and forth and looks for food between rice clump simultaneously, and mud ventilation, contributes to reduce the generation of the diseases such as banded sclerotial blight; After rice harves, can utilize each class pest, microorganism and the weeds that in the shrimp predation rice root and stem of certain plants and soil, survive the winter, reduce disease pest and weed radix.Therefore hence one can see that, " paddy rice-duck-shrimp " three-dimensional integrated farming pattern that the present invention sets up can reduce the usage amount of agricultural chemicals by duck and shrimp integrated control disease pest and weed, has reduced planting cost, has alleviated the pollution to environment, has reached the object of green prevention and control.
In addition, in " paddy rice-duck-shrimp " the three-dimensional integrated farming pattern building in the present invention, on the one hand, after rice transplanting, weeds in field and various insect all become duck food, and the paddy that during rice harves, field comes off is also duck food source; After rice harves, each class pest of surviving the winter in the rice root and stem of certain plants and soil, microorganism, paddy rice newly sprout and weeds all become the food of shrimp, on the other hand, the ight soil of duck and shrimp, also the stalk in field all can be as the fertilizer of fertilizing soil, become the organic food of paddy rice, reduce widely the use to chemical fertilizer, further alleviated the pollution to environment, also reduced planting cost.
In technical scheme of the present invention, for further each class pest of trapping, the present invention installs frequency vibration lamp between rice field, to reduce the field ovum amount that falls.
As a kind of improvement to technical scheme of the present invention, shrimp furrow width 3-4m, dark 1-1.5m.
As a kind of improvement to technical scheme of the present invention, the high 1-1.5m of ridge, wide 2-3m.
As a kind of improvement to technical scheme of the present invention, rice-cultivating comprises the steps:
A sowing: the seed rice that sowing is selected by step (2) in seedbed, every mu of sowing 1-1.5kg, and implement that drought is educated or water is educated cultivation and obtained the strong seedling of band tiller;
Fertilising before B transplants: will be by applying fertilizer after the ready low land reclaimed from a lake leveling of step (1), and institute's fertilise is comprised of the composition mixing of following percentage by weight: base fertilizer 40%-50%, composite fertilizer 31%-45%, zinc fertilizer 1%-4%, siliceous fertilizer 4%-7%, urea 7%-13%;
The strong seedling of C band tiller is transplanted: with artificial hand, insert or machine rice transplantation mode is transplanted the strong seedling of band tiller; Plant the strong seedling 1.5-1.6 of band tiller ten thousand caves for every mu, 2, every cave paddy seedling, and Basic Seedling is 60,000-80,000; To the spacing in the rows R on ridge, be 16-18cm with the strong seedling transplanting of tiller, line-spacing L be 25-28cm;
D chemical weed control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, to transplanting have in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller, apply be mixed with earth or fertilizer 25% benzyl fourth pulvis to cut weeds;
The short tiller of E regulation and control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, have and spray paclobutrazol or the short tiller of uniconazole P in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller to transplanting.
In technical scheme of the present invention, plant the strong seedling 1.5-1.6 of band tiller ten thousand caves for every mu, 2, every cave paddy seedling, and Basic Seedling is 60,000-80,000, guaranteed the output of paddy rice; And spacing in the rows R is made as to 16-18cm, line-spacing L is made as 25-28cm, the duck having facilitated and paddy rice educates altogether, when free shuttling is looked for food between rice clump, also can avoid duck to cause adverse effect to the growth of paddy rice.
As a kind of improvement to technical scheme of the present invention, duckling enters field and comprises the steps:
A infrastructure construction: build and build duck shed and purse seine, and prepare to brood place, feed or preventive medical according to the scale of putting in a suitable place to breed of duckling;
B duckling is put in a suitable place to breed: 5-7 days after the strong seedling of band tiller, puts duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether, and 10-12 duckling is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed;
C duckling feeding: enter the 1-2 that puts in a suitable place to breed in rice field in week duckling, mend and feed the compound being formed by rice, paddy, corn, wheat bran, cake class to duckling, after 2 weeks, mend the paddy of hello 50-70g every day to every duckling;
D disease prevention and cure: duck shed is carried out to cleaning and disinfection, to duck drink water immunity or injecting immune vaccine inoculation.
In above-mentioned infrastructure construction, build duck shed according to group duck quantity, and by the scale of putting in a suitable place to breed, prepare to brood place, feed or preventive medical; About purse seine, each purse seine be take 8-15 mu as scope, with two finger specification nylon nets, along field Teng's net, is divided into, and purse seine height is 0.6-0.8mm, and in the every 2m of purse seine surrounding left and right, insert a bamboo pole to support the weight of purse seine self, or utilize the obstructs such as natural river, the pool or wall of putting rice field surrounding in a suitable place to breed.
5-7 days after the strong seedling of band tiller, puts duckling and enters rice field and educate altogether, and be now 12-16 day duck age of duckling.
When giving duckling feeding, duckling, enter the 1-2 that puts in a suitable place to breed in rice field in week, because the duck of duckling is little age, need mends and feed the compound being formed by rice, paddy, corn, wheat bran, cake class to duckling, after 2 weeks, increase along with duckling age in days, now duckling starts to prey on the insects such as weeds in field, all kinds of snout moth's larva and rice fulgorid, only need mend the paddy of feeding 50-70g every day to every duckling, when duckling grows up to into duck, without feeding, by becoming duck to prey in field voluntarily.
About disease prevention and cure, regularly to duck shed, carry out cleaning and disinfection, also will be to the duck immunity of drinking water, and the duckling that is 25-30 days at age in days will carry out injecting immune, is specially with every neck hypodermic injection 0.3ml of cholera fowl oil emulsion inactivated vaccine.
As a kind of improvement to technical scheme of the present invention, while giving duckling feeding, accompany by call at every turn, blow a whistle or knock, with set up the condition, reflect.After to the reflection of duckling set up the condition, be convenient to the management to duck group.
As a kind of improvement to technical scheme of the present invention, seed shrimp enters field and comprises the steps:
A throws in seed shrimp: by male and female than (2-4): 1 throws in seed shrimp, and the animal food of throwing something and feeding;
The upper water of B is supported shrimp: after rice harves, straw-returning upper water, throw in feed of animal origin and support shrimp;
C juvenile shrimp cultivation: while finding that there is juvenile prawn activity, throw in feeds at least three times and feed shrimps every day;
D becomes shrimp aquaculture: throw in pasture and water, and the 40-60cm heat-preserving anti-freezing of pouring water.
Why male and female ratio to be decided to be to (2-4): 1?
As a kind of improvement to technical scheme of the present invention, field management comprises:
A water level management: the long-term dark water layer of 8-10cm that keeps in drain ditch;
B dry field ligation: dry field before and after paddy rice jointing;
C fertilizer is mended and is executed: after dry field rehydration, every mu imposes 4-6kg potash fertilizer;
The warm evil of the anti-height of D: fill with deep water cooling during the extremely neat fringe blooming stage of band Rice Heading, and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
E pest and disease monitoring: the damage by disease and insect of observing field changes, when damage by disease and insect is concentrated burst, takes physical control to prevent and treat with the method that duck and shrimp predation combine;
F field facility is checked: make regular check on the damaged situation of field purse seine, duck shed, repair in time breakage, prevent beast evil.
In above-mentioned water level management, in drain ditch, the long-term dark water layer of 8-10cm that keeps, facilitates duck to have a bath; Dry field before and after paddy rice jointing, can improve like this paddy soil structure, strengthens rice root vigor, promotes to prick under rice shoot root system, controls ineffective tillering, improves the percentage of earbearing tiller, alleviate rice pest generation; After dry field rehydration, every mu imposes 4-6kg potash fertilizer, in case the strong bar volt of paddy rice is poured in rice field, promotes ear differentiation.
In technical scheme of the present invention, available jinggangmeisu or phenylate first propiconazole are prevented and treated false smut, banded sclerotial blight etc., are anti-paddy rice early ageing, and de-infertile field piece is sprayed to 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate+1% aqueous solution of urea 2-3 time.
In addition, in the technical scheme of the present invention, all being not specifically noted, all can be by adopting the conventional means in this area realize the technical program.
Therefore, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows the method that the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in a kind of rice field and shrimp are provided, the method annidation is strong, the product structure variation obtaining according to the method, economic benefit is high, and the method can utilize duck and shrimp prevention paddy rice disease pest and weed, can reduce the use of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer, be of value to the pollution alleviating environment, can also reduce planting cost.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment mono-:
A method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field and shrimp, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare in rice field: select low land reclaimed from a lake, in this low land reclaimed from a lake surrounding, offer shrimp ditch; This shrimp ditch one end is provided with passage, and ridging is done ridge outside this shrimp ditch, and at the nearer local drainage trenching in this dried up source of ridge surrounding; In addition, at four corners of this ridge apart from face 0.5m place, the field water pipe that all pre-buried at least one caliber is 20-30cm, so that draining when rainwater is large;
(2) select seed rice, duckling and seed shrimp: in April, select wide two excellent 476 as seed rice, select gold determine sheldrake as duckling, and select gonadal maturation, stalwartness, anosis and without the close shrimp hindering as seed shrimp;
(3) rice-cultivating;
(4) duckling enters field: put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether;
(5) seed shrimp enters field: input seed shrimp enters field and paddy rice and duck and educates altogether;
(6) field management;
(7) lure duck to go out field: in September, until paddy, to bow after loose seed, the duck of having instructed is induced to field;
(8) results paddy rice: in September, paddy rice yellow maturity is gathered in the crops latter stage in real time, and stays rice stub 0.2-0.4m;
(9) become shrimp to fish for, adopt cage to fish for into shrimp June mid-April next year to next year.
Above-mentioned shrimp furrow width 3m, dark 1.5m, the high 1m of above-mentioned ridge, wide 2m.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned rice-cultivating comprises the steps:
A sowing: the first tenday period of a month in May, the seed rice that sowing is selected by step (2) in seedbed, every mu of sowing 1kg, and implement that drought is educated or water is educated cultivation and obtained the strong seedling of band tiller;
Fertilising before B transplants: will be by applying fertilizer after the ready low land reclaimed from a lake leveling of step (1), and institute's fertilise is mixed and is formed by the composition of following percentage by weight: base fertilizer 40%, composite fertilizer 45%, zinc fertilizer 1%, siliceous fertilizer 7%, urea 7%;
The strong seedling of C band tiller is transplanted: in June, with artificial hand, insert or machine rice transplantation mode is transplanted the strong seedling of band tiller; Plant the strong seedling of band tiller 1.5 ten thousand caves for every mu, 2, every cave paddy seedling, and Basic Seedling is 60,000; To the spacing in the rows R on ridge, be 18cm with the strong seedling transplanting of tiller, line-spacing L be 28cm;
D chemical weed control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, to transplanting have in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller, apply be mixed with earth or fertilizer 25% benzyl fourth pulvis to cut weeds;
The short tiller of E regulation and control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, have and spray paclobutrazol or the short tiller of uniconazole P in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller to transplanting.
Above-mentioned duckling enters field and comprises the steps:
A infrastructure construction: build and build duck shed and purse seine, and prepare to brood place, feed or preventive medical according to the scale of putting in a suitable place to breed of duckling;
B duckling is put in a suitable place to breed: in June, 5-7 days after the strong seedling of band tiller, put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether, and 10 ducklings is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed;
C duckling feeding: enter the 1-2 that puts in a suitable place to breed in rice field in week duckling, mend and feed the compound being formed by rice, paddy, corn, wheat bran, cake class to duckling, after 2 weeks, mend the paddy of hello 50-70g every day to every duckling;
D disease prevention and cure: regularly carry out cleaning and disinfection to duck shed, also will drink water to duck immune, at the beginning of 7 months, age in days is that the duckling of 25-30 days will carry out injecting immune, is specially with every neck hypodermic injection 0.3ml of cholera fowl oil emulsion inactivated vaccine.
Above-mentioned seed shrimp enters field and comprises the steps:
A throws in seed shrimp: August, by male and female than (2-4): 1 throws in seed shrimp, and the animal food of throwing something and feeding;
The upper water of B is supported shrimp: in September, after rice harves, in October, straw-returning upper water, throw in feed of animal origin and support shrimp;
C juvenile shrimp cultivation: while finding that there is juvenile prawn activity, throw in feeds at least three times and feed shrimps every day;
D becomes shrimp aquaculture: before December, monthly threw in pasture and water, and from March December to next year, every monthly 40-60cm heat-preserving anti-freezing of pouring water.
Above-mentioned field management comprises: the management of A water level: the long-term dark water layer of 8-10cm that keeps in described drain ditch;
B dry field ligation: dry field before and after paddy rice jointing;
C fertilizer is mended and is executed: after dry field rehydration, every mu imposes 4-6kg potash fertilizer;
The warm evil of the anti-height of D: fill with deep water cooling during the extremely neat fringe blooming stage of band Rice Heading, and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
E pest and disease monitoring: the damage by disease and insect of observing field changes, when damage by disease and insect is concentrated burst, takes physical control to prevent and treat with the method that duck and shrimp predation combine;
F field facility is checked: make regular check on the damaged situation of field purse seine, duck shed, repair in time breakage, prevent beast evil.
In the present embodiment, each purse seine be take 8-15 mu as scope, with two finger specification nylon nets, along field Teng's net, be divided into, purse seine height is 0.6-0.8mm, and in the every 2m of purse seine surrounding left and right, insert a bamboo pole to support the weight of purse seine self, or utilize the obstructs such as natural river, the pool or wall of putting rice field surrounding in a suitable place to breed.
Embodiment bis-:
A method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field and shrimp, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare in rice field: select low land reclaimed from a lake, in this low land reclaimed from a lake surrounding, offer shrimp ditch; This shrimp ditch one end is provided with passage, and ridging is done ridge outside this shrimp ditch, and at the nearer local drainage trenching in this dried up source of ridge surrounding; In addition, at four corners of this ridge apart from face 0.5m place, the field water pipe that all pre-buried at least one caliber is 20-30cm, so that draining when rainwater is large;
(2) select seed rice, duckling and seed shrimp: in April, select wide two excellent 476 as seed rice, select gold determine sheldrake as duckling, and select gonadal maturation, stalwartness, anosis and without the close shrimp hindering as seed shrimp;
(3) rice-cultivating;
(4) duckling enters field: put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether;
(5) seed shrimp enters field: input seed shrimp enters field and paddy rice and duck and educates altogether;
(6) field management;
(7) lure duck to go out field: in September, until paddy, to bow after loose seed, the duck of having instructed is induced to field;
(8) results paddy rice: in September, paddy rice yellow maturity is gathered in the crops latter stage in real time, and stays rice stub 0.2-0.4m;
(9) become shrimp to fish for, adopt cage to fish for into shrimp June mid-April next year to next year.
Above-mentioned shrimp furrow width 3.2m, dark 1.3m, the high 1.1m of above-mentioned ridge, wide 2.2m.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned rice-cultivating comprises the steps:
A sowing: the first tenday period of a month in May, the seed rice that sowing is selected by step (2) in seedbed, every mu of sowing 1.2kg, and implement that drought is educated or water is educated cultivation and obtained the strong seedling of band tiller;
Fertilising before B transplants: will be by applying fertilizer after the ready low land reclaimed from a lake leveling of step (1), and institute's fertilise is mixed and is formed by the composition of following percentage by weight: base fertilizer 45%, composite fertilizer 35%, zinc fertilizer 3%, siliceous fertilizer 4%, urea 13%;
The strong seedling of C band tiller is transplanted: in June, with artificial hand, insert or machine rice transplantation mode is transplanted the strong seedling of band tiller; Plant the strong seedling of band tiller 1.53 ten thousand caves for every mu, 2, every cave paddy seedling, and Basic Seedling is 6.5 ten thousand; To the spacing in the rows R on ridge, be 17.5cm with the strong seedling transplanting of tiller, line-spacing L be 26cm;
D chemical weed control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, to transplanting have in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller, apply be mixed with earth or fertilizer 25% benzyl fourth pulvis to cut weeds;
The short tiller of E regulation and control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, have and spray paclobutrazol or the short tiller of uniconazole P in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller to transplanting.
Above-mentioned duckling enters field and comprises the steps:
A infrastructure construction: build and build duck shed and purse seine, and prepare to brood place, feed or preventive medical according to the scale of putting in a suitable place to breed of duckling;
B duckling is put in a suitable place to breed: in June, 5-7 days after the strong seedling of band tiller, put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether, and 11 ducklings is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed;
C duckling feeding: enter the 1-2 that puts in a suitable place to breed in rice field in week duckling, mend and feed the compound being formed by rice, paddy, corn, wheat bran, cake class to duckling, after 2 weeks, mend the paddy of hello 50-70g every day to every duckling; In addition, while giving duckling feeding, accompany by call at every turn, blow a whistle or knock, with set up the condition, reflect;
D disease prevention and cure: regularly carry out cleaning and disinfection to duck shed, also will drink water to duck immune, at the beginning of 7 months, age in days is that the duckling of 25-30 days will carry out injecting immune, is specially with every neck hypodermic injection 0.3ml of cholera fowl oil emulsion inactivated vaccine.
Above-mentioned seed shrimp enters field and comprises the steps:
A throws in seed shrimp: August, by male and female than (2-4): 1 throws in seed shrimp, and the animal food of throwing something and feeding;
The upper water of B is supported shrimp: in September, after rice harves, in October, straw-returning upper water, throw in feed of animal origin and support shrimp;
C juvenile shrimp cultivation: while finding that there is juvenile prawn activity, throw in feeds at least three times and feed shrimps every day;
D becomes shrimp aquaculture: before December, monthly threw in pasture and water, and from March December to next year, every monthly 40-60cm heat-preserving anti-freezing of pouring water.
Above-mentioned field management comprises: the management of A water level: the long-term dark water layer of 8-10cm that keeps in described drain ditch;
B dry field ligation: dry field before and after paddy rice jointing;
C fertilizer is mended and is executed: after dry field rehydration, every mu imposes 4-6kg potash fertilizer;
The warm evil of the anti-height of D: fill with deep water cooling during the extremely neat fringe blooming stage of band Rice Heading, and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
E pest and disease monitoring: the damage by disease and insect of observing field changes, when damage by disease and insect is concentrated burst, takes physical control to prevent and treat with the method that duck and shrimp predation combine;
F field facility is checked: make regular check on the damaged situation of field purse seine, duck shed, repair in time breakage, prevent beast evil.
In the present embodiment, each purse seine be take 8-15 mu as scope, with two finger specification nylon nets, along field Teng's net, be divided into, purse seine height is 0.6-0.8mm, and in the every 2m of purse seine surrounding left and right, insert a bamboo pole to support the weight of purse seine self, or utilize the obstructs such as natural river, the pool or wall of putting rice field surrounding in a suitable place to breed.
Embodiment tri-:
A method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field and shrimp, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare in rice field: select low land reclaimed from a lake, in this low land reclaimed from a lake surrounding, offer shrimp ditch; This shrimp ditch one end is provided with passage, and ridging is done ridge outside this shrimp ditch, and at the nearer local drainage trenching in this dried up source of ridge surrounding; In addition, at four corners of this ridge apart from face 0.5m place, the field water pipe that all pre-buried at least one caliber is 20-30cm, so that draining when rainwater is large;
(2) select seed rice, duckling and seed shrimp: in April, select wide two excellent 476 as seed rice, select gold determine sheldrake as duckling, and select gonadal maturation, stalwartness, anosis and without the close shrimp hindering as seed shrimp;
(3) rice-cultivating;
(4) duckling enters field: put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether;
(5) seed shrimp enters field: input seed shrimp enters field and paddy rice and duck and educates altogether;
(6) field management;
(7) lure duck to go out field: in September, until paddy, to bow after loose seed, the duck of having instructed is induced to field;
(8) results paddy rice: in September, paddy rice yellow maturity is gathered in the crops latter stage in real time, and stays rice stub 0.2-0.4m;
(9) become shrimp to fish for, adopt cage to fish for into shrimp June mid-April next year to next year.
Above-mentioned shrimp furrow width 3.6m, dark 1.1m, the high 1.3m of above-mentioned ridge, wide 2.6m.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned rice-cultivating comprises the steps:
A sowing: the first tenday period of a month in May, the seed rice that sowing is selected by step (2) in seedbed, every mu of sowing 1.4kg, and implement that drought is educated or water is educated cultivation and obtained the strong seedling of band tiller;
Fertilising before B transplants: will be by applying fertilizer after the ready low land reclaimed from a lake leveling of step (1), and institute's fertilise is mixed and is formed by the composition of following percentage by weight: base fertilizer 48%, composite fertilizer 36%, zinc fertilizer 2%, siliceous fertilizer 6%, urea 8%;
The strong seedling of C band tiller is transplanted: in June, with artificial hand, insert or machine rice transplantation mode is transplanted the strong seedling of band tiller; Plant the strong seedling of band tiller 1.56 ten thousand caves for every mu, 2, every cave paddy seedling, and Basic Seedling is 70,000; To the spacing in the rows R on ridge, be 17cm with the strong seedling transplanting of tiller, line-spacing L be 27cm;
D chemical weed control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, to transplanting have in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller, apply be mixed with earth or fertilizer 25% benzyl fourth pulvis to cut weeds;
The short tiller of E regulation and control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, have and spray paclobutrazol or the short tiller of uniconazole P in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller to transplanting.
Above-mentioned duckling enters field and comprises the steps:
A infrastructure construction: build and build duck shed and purse seine, and prepare to brood place, feed or preventive medical according to the scale of putting in a suitable place to breed of duckling;
B duckling is put in a suitable place to breed: in June, 5-7 days after the strong seedling of band tiller, put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether, and 11 ducklings is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed;
C duckling feeding: enter the 1-2 that puts in a suitable place to breed in rice field in week duckling, mend and feed the compound being formed by rice, paddy, corn, wheat bran, cake class to duckling, after 2 weeks, mend the paddy of hello 50-70g every day to every duckling;
D disease prevention and cure: regularly carry out cleaning and disinfection to duck shed, also will drink water to duck immune, at the beginning of 7 months, age in days is that the duckling of 25-30 days will carry out injecting immune, is specially with every neck hypodermic injection 0.3ml of cholera fowl oil emulsion inactivated vaccine.
Above-mentioned seed shrimp enters field and comprises the steps:
A throws in seed shrimp: August, by male and female than (2-4): 1 throws in seed shrimp, and the animal food of throwing something and feeding;
The upper water of B is supported shrimp: in September, after rice harves, in October, straw-returning upper water, throw in feed of animal origin and support shrimp;
C juvenile shrimp cultivation: while finding that there is juvenile prawn activity, throw in feeds at least three times and feed shrimps every day;
D becomes shrimp aquaculture: before December, monthly threw in pasture and water, and from March December to next year, every monthly 40-60cm heat-preserving anti-freezing of pouring water.
Above-mentioned field management comprises: the management of A water level: the long-term dark water layer of 8-10cm that keeps in described drain ditch;
B dry field ligation: dry field before and after paddy rice jointing;
C fertilizer is mended and is executed: after dry field rehydration, every mu imposes 4-6kg potash fertilizer;
The warm evil of the anti-height of D: fill with deep water cooling during the extremely neat fringe blooming stage of band Rice Heading, and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
E pest and disease monitoring: the damage by disease and insect of observing field changes, when damage by disease and insect is concentrated burst, takes physical control to prevent and treat with the method that duck and shrimp predation combine;
F field facility is checked: make regular check on the damaged situation of field purse seine, duck shed, repair in time breakage, prevent beast evil.
In the present embodiment, each purse seine be take 8-15 mu as scope, with two finger specification nylon nets, along field Teng's net, be divided into, purse seine height is 0.6-0.8mm, and in the every 2m of purse seine surrounding left and right, insert a bamboo pole to support the weight of purse seine self, or utilize the obstructs such as natural river, the pool or wall of putting rice field surrounding in a suitable place to breed.
In addition, in the present embodiment, for further each class pest of trapping, the present invention installs frequency vibration lamp between rice field, to reduce the field ovum amount that falls.
Embodiment tetra-:
A method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field and shrimp, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare in rice field: select low land reclaimed from a lake, in this low land reclaimed from a lake surrounding, offer shrimp ditch; This shrimp ditch one end is provided with passage, and ridging is done ridge outside this shrimp ditch, and at the nearer local drainage trenching in this dried up source of ridge surrounding; In addition, at four corners of this ridge apart from face 0.5m place, the field water pipe that all pre-buried at least one caliber is 20-30cm, so that draining when rainwater is large;
(2) select seed rice, duckling and seed shrimp: in April, select wide two excellent 476 as seed rice, select gold determine sheldrake as duckling, and select gonadal maturation, stalwartness, anosis and without the close shrimp hindering as seed shrimp;
(3) rice-cultivating;
(4) duckling enters field: put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether;
(5) seed shrimp enters field: input seed shrimp enters field and paddy rice and duck and educates altogether;
(6) field management;
(7) lure duck to go out field: in September, until paddy, to bow after loose seed, the duck of having instructed is induced to field;
(8) results paddy rice: in September, paddy rice yellow maturity is gathered in the crops latter stage in real time, and stays rice stub 0.2-0.4m;
(9) become shrimp to fish for, adopt cage to fish for into shrimp June mid-April next year to next year.
Above-mentioned shrimp furrow width 4m, dark 1m, the high 1.5m of above-mentioned ridge, wide 3m.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned rice-cultivating comprises the steps:
A sowing: the first tenday period of a month in May, the seed rice that sowing is selected by step (2) in seedbed, every mu of sowing 1.5kg, and implement that drought is educated or water is educated cultivation and obtained the strong seedling of band tiller;
Fertilising before B transplants: will be by applying fertilizer after the ready low land reclaimed from a lake leveling of step (1), and institute's fertilise is mixed and is formed by the composition of following percentage by weight: base fertilizer 50%, composite fertilizer 31%, zinc fertilizer 4%, siliceous fertilizer 4%, urea 11%;
The strong seedling of C band tiller is transplanted: in June, with artificial hand, insert or machine rice transplantation mode is transplanted the strong seedling of band tiller; Plant the strong seedling of band tiller 1.6 ten thousand caves for every mu, 2, every cave paddy seedling, and Basic Seedling is 80,000; To the spacing in the rows R on ridge, be 16cm with the strong seedling transplanting of tiller, line-spacing L be 25cm;
D chemical weed control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, to transplanting have in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller, apply be mixed with earth or fertilizer 25% benzyl fourth pulvis to cut weeds;
The short tiller of E regulation and control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, have and spray paclobutrazol or the short tiller of uniconazole P in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller to transplanting.
Above-mentioned duckling enters field and comprises the steps:
A infrastructure construction: build and build duck shed and purse seine, and prepare to brood place, feed or preventive medical according to the scale of putting in a suitable place to breed of duckling;
B duckling is put in a suitable place to breed: in June, 5-7 days after the strong seedling of band tiller, put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether, and 12 ducklings is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed;
C duckling feeding: enter the 1-2 that puts in a suitable place to breed in rice field in week duckling, mend and feed the compound being formed by rice, paddy, corn, wheat bran, cake class to duckling, after 2 weeks, mend the paddy of hello 50-70g every day to every duckling;
D disease prevention and cure: regularly carry out cleaning and disinfection to duck shed, also will drink water to duck immune, at the beginning of 7 months, age in days is that the duckling of 25-30 days will carry out injecting immune, is specially with every neck hypodermic injection 0.3ml of cholera fowl oil emulsion inactivated vaccine.
Above-mentioned seed shrimp enters field and comprises the steps:
A throws in seed shrimp: August, by male and female than (2-4): 1 throws in seed shrimp, and the animal food of throwing something and feeding;
The upper water of B is supported shrimp: in September, after rice harves, in October, straw-returning upper water, throw in feed of animal origin and support shrimp;
C juvenile shrimp cultivation: while finding that there is juvenile prawn activity, throw in feeds at least three times and feed shrimps every day;
D becomes shrimp aquaculture: before December, monthly threw in pasture and water, and from March December to next year, every monthly 40-60cm heat-preserving anti-freezing of pouring water.
Above-mentioned field management comprises: the management of A water level: the long-term dark water layer of 8-10cm that keeps in described drain ditch;
B dry field ligation: dry field before and after paddy rice jointing;
C fertilizer is mended and is executed: after dry field rehydration, every mu imposes 4-6kg potash fertilizer;
The warm evil of the anti-height of D: fill with deep water cooling during the extremely neat fringe blooming stage of band Rice Heading, and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
E pest and disease monitoring: the damage by disease and insect of observing field changes, when damage by disease and insect is concentrated burst, takes physical control to prevent and treat with the method that duck and shrimp predation combine;
F field facility is checked: make regular check on the damaged situation of field purse seine, duck shed, repair in time breakage, prevent beast evil.
In the present embodiment, each purse seine be take 8-15 mu as scope, with two finger specification nylon nets, along field Teng's net, be divided into, purse seine height is 0.6-0.8mm, and in the every 2m of purse seine surrounding left and right, insert a bamboo pole to support the weight of purse seine self, or utilize the obstructs such as natural river, the pool or wall of putting rice field surrounding in a suitable place to breed.
The three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field in promotion and implementation example one to embodiment tetra-in 2010 and the method for shrimp, the rice field area of altogether choosing is 0.3 ten thousand mu, 4642 yuan of average every per mu yield values, 2609 yuan of profits, than conventional oil-rice pattern, increase respectively 2445.6 yuan, 1370.6 yuan, altogether 733.68 ten thousand yuan of new output values, 411.18 ten thousand yuan of the new profits; Average every mu of 42 yuan, the agricultural chemicals of saving of semilate rice, 8 yuan of chemical fertilizer, artificial 1.2 (34.2 yuan), count 84.2 yuan, amounts to joint and prop up 25.26 ten thousand yuan.
The rice field area of choosing for 2011 is 0.6 ten thousand mu, and 4890.4 yuan of average every per mu yield values, 2815.4 yuan of profits, increase respectively 2518.9 yuan, 1436.9 yuan than conventional oil-rice pattern, altogether 1511.34 ten thousand yuan of new output values, 862.14 ten thousand yuan of the new profits; Average every mu of 42 yuan, the agricultural chemicals of saving of semilate rice, 7 yuan of chemical fertilizer, artificial 1.2 (34.2 yuan), count 83.2 yuan, amounts to joint and prop up 49.92 ten thousand yuan.
The rice field area of choosing for 2012 is 1.1 ten thousand mu, and 5177 yuan of average every per mu yield values, 3087 yuan of profits, increase respectively 2516 yuan, 1453 yuan than conventional oil-rice pattern, altogether 2767.6 ten thousand yuan of new output values, 1598.3 ten thousand yuan of the new profits; Average every mu of 44 yuan, the agricultural chemicals of saving of semilate rice, 7 yuan of chemical fertilizer, artificial 1.2 (34.2 yuan), count 85.2 yuan, amounts to joint and prop up 93.72 ten thousand yuan.
After the above-mentioned project implementation, radiation has driven whole city paddy rice, lobster, egg duck to produce, 10.4 hundred million yuan of the wound output values, newly-increased 4.3 hundred million yuan, 6.2 hundred million yuan of wound benefits, newly-increased 2.9 hundred million yuan; Promoted that agrotechnique service system is perfect, sick worm preventions constantly strengthens, and has advanced paddy rice, lobster, egg duck standardized production; Impel peasant to reduce agricultural chemicals access times, stop to use high malicious high silkworm raiser's medicine, reached the object of disease pest and weed green prevention and control, protected beneficial organism, safeguarded the optimum ecological balance; Guarantee the equal non agricultural chemical residuum of rice, lobster, duck's egg of Project Areas, belonged to pollution-free food; Make the ecological rice of famous brand name " shrimp township rice ", realized increasing peasant income, enterprise's synergy.Drive the related industry development such as transport service, processing industry, service trade simultaneously, shifted surplus rural labor, promoted the development of local economy comprehensively.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field and shrimp, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare in rice field: select low land reclaimed from a lake, in described low land reclaimed from a lake, surrounding is offered shrimp ditch; Described shrimp ditch one end is provided with passage, and ridging is done ridge outside described shrimp ditch, and at the nearer local drainage trenching in the dried up source of described ridge surrounding;
(2) select seed rice, duckling and seed shrimp: select the duckling of good seed rice and individual health, and select gonadal maturation, stalwartness, anosis and without the close shrimp of wound as seed shrimp;
(3) rice-cultivating;
(4) duckling enters field: put duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether;
(5) seed shrimp enters field: input seed shrimp enters field and paddy rice and duck and educates altogether;
(6) field management;
(7) lure duck to go out field: until paddy, to bow after loose seed, the duck of having instructed is induced to field;
(8) results paddy rice: paddy rice yellow maturity is gathered in the crops latter stage in real time, and stays rice stub 0.2-0.4m;
(9) become shrimp to fish for.
2. the method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field according to claim 1 and shrimp, is characterized in that, described shrimp furrow width 3-4m, dark 1-1.5m.
3. the method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field according to claim 1 and shrimp, is characterized in that the high 1-1.5m of described ridge, wide 2-3m.
4. the method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field according to claim 1 and shrimp, is characterized in that, described rice-cultivating comprises the steps:
A sowing: the seed rice that sowing is selected by step (2) in seedbed, every mu of sowing 1-1.5kg, and implement that drought is educated or water is educated cultivation and obtained the strong seedling of band tiller;
Fertilising before B transplants: will be by applying fertilizer after the ready low land reclaimed from a lake leveling of step (1), and institute's fertilise is comprised of the composition mixing of following percentage by weight: base fertilizer 40%-50%, composite fertilizer 31%-45%, zinc fertilizer 1%-4%, siliceous fertilizer 4%-7%, urea 7%-13%;
The strong seedling of C band tiller is transplanted: with artificial hand, insert or machine rice transplantation mode is transplanted the strong seedling of band tiller; Plant the strong seedling 1.5-1.6 of band tiller ten thousand caves for every mu, 2, every cave paddy seedling, and Basic Seedling is 60,000-80,000; To the spacing in the rows R on ridge, be 16-18cm with the strong seedling transplanting of tiller, line-spacing L be 25-28cm;
D chemical weed control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, to transplanting have in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller, apply be mixed with earth or fertilizer 25% benzyl fourth pulvis to cut weeds;
The short tiller of E regulation and control: after the strong seedling of the band tiller of transplanting is turned green, have and spray paclobutrazol or the short tiller of uniconazole P in the rice field with the strong seedling of tiller to transplanting.
5. the method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field according to claim 1 and shrimp, is characterized in that, described duckling enters field and comprises the steps:
A infrastructure construction: build and build duck shed and purse seine, and prepare to brood place, feed or preventive medical according to the scale of putting in a suitable place to breed of duckling;
B duckling is put in a suitable place to breed: 5-7 days after the strong seedling of band tiller, puts duckling and enter rice field and educate altogether, and 10-12 duckling is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed;
C duckling feeding: enter the 1-2 that puts in a suitable place to breed in rice field in week duckling, mend and feed the compound being formed by rice, paddy, corn, wheat bran, cake class to duckling, after 2 weeks, mend the paddy of hello 50-70g every day to every duckling;
D disease prevention and cure: duck shed is carried out to cleaning and disinfection, to duck drink water immunity or injecting immune vaccine inoculation.
6. the method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field according to claim 5 and shrimp, is characterized in that, accompanies by call at every turn, blows a whistle or knock while giving duckling feeding, with set up the condition, reflects.
7. the method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field according to claim 1 and shrimp, is characterized in that, described seed shrimp enters field and comprises the steps:
A throws in seed shrimp: by male and female than (2-4): 1 throws in seed shrimp, and the animal food of throwing something and feeding;
The upper water of B is supported shrimp: after rice harves, straw-returning upper water, throw in feed of animal origin and support shrimp;
C juvenile shrimp cultivation: while finding that there is juvenile prawn activity, throw in feeds at least three times and feed shrimps every day;
D becomes shrimp aquaculture: throw in pasture and water, and the 40-60cm heat-preserving anti-freezing of pouring water.
8. the method for the three-dimensional integrated farming duck in rice field according to claim 1 and shrimp, is characterized in that, described field management comprises:
A water level management: the long-term dark water layer of 8-10cm that keeps in described drain ditch;
B dry field ligation: dry field before and after paddy rice jointing;
C fertilizer is mended and is executed: after dry field rehydration, every mu imposes 4-6kg potash fertilizer;
The warm evil of the anti-height of D: fill with deep water cooling during the extremely neat fringe blooming stage of band Rice Heading, and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
E pest and disease monitoring: the damage by disease and insect of observing field changes, when damage by disease and insect is concentrated burst, takes physical control to prevent and treat with the method that duck and shrimp predation combine;
F field facility is checked: make regular check on the damaged situation of field purse seine, duck shed, repair in time breakage, prevent beast evil.
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