CN103960040A - Seedling cultivation method of ammopiptanthus nanus in desert - Google Patents

Seedling cultivation method of ammopiptanthus nanus in desert Download PDF

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CN103960040A
CN103960040A CN201410237676.2A CN201410237676A CN103960040A CN 103960040 A CN103960040 A CN 103960040A CN 201410237676 A CN201410237676 A CN 201410237676A CN 103960040 A CN103960040 A CN 103960040A
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seed
seedling
desert
nutritive cube
sand
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CN103960040B (en
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童莉
潘伯荣
尹林克
荆卫民
段士民
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Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of CAS
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Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of CAS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

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Abstract

The invention relates to a seedling cultivation method of ammopiptanthus nanus in a desert. The method comprises the following links: seed treatment, seed collection, nutrient soil proportioning, seeding, seedling management, seedling hardening and transplanting. The method has been subjected to test and seedling production practice for many years in Turpan Desert Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The germination survival rate is 85%, the seedling survival rate is 75-70%, the environment is improved, the effect of wind prevention and sand control is achieved, the ammopiptanthus nanus in the desert has advantage in term of the ecological protection, and therefore the ammopiptanthus nanus becomes ideal sand-fixation species for ecological environmental management of an arid desert region in term of wind prevention and sand fixation in future. The method has the advantages of good operability, scientific and reasonable technique process, strong repeatability and reliability, and strong universality and generalizability.

Description

Ground, desert Ammopiptanthus nanus growing nursery and culture method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of at desert area Ammopiptanthus nanus growing nursery and culture method.
Background technology
Ammopiptanthus nanus ( ammopiptanthus nanus(M.Pop.) Cheng f.) be pulse family, Ammopiptanthus Genus plant, the raw evergreen shrubs of drought, sandy and husky chomoeremion is built mass-planting thing, high 1 to 2 meter.Have and fix the sand, view and admire and medicinal seeds.Be distributed between the Kashgar and Iran in Central Asia area; Ammopiptanthus nanus is narrow and small at Chinese branch area; be distributed in Wuqia County, southern foot, Southwest Xinjiang Tianshan Mountains and fly mountain region, the west and south; vertical distribution is in the hillside in the area, arid mountain valley of height above sea level 1800-2800 rice; it is the evergreen all the year round tree in desert; for national secondary, laying special stress on protecting rare or endangered species, is relict plant in the Tertiary Period in upper Cretaceous series, is called as the living fossil in desert.Ammopiptanthus mongolicus strong stress resistance, well developed root system, sand-fixation soil-retention performance is good; Root has root nodule, and the effect of improvement soil is large.Ammopiptanthus nanus seed is rich in grease, during its fatty acid forms, linoleic acid content is up to more than 87%, seed oil content is more than 13%, branches and leaves are containing multiple alkaloid, there is expelling wind and clearing away cold, relaxing the muscles and stimulate the blood circulation, have the grease plant resources of very large potentiality at food, chemical industry, the aspect such as medicinal, is that ecological benefits and economic benefit are in the good sand fixing plant species of one.
Ammopiptanthus nanus is spent greatly, and pattern is golden yellow gorgeous, the Turfan Prefecture florescence be late March to late April, fructescence is late May.Its hat width is larger, is especially grown in the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus of semifixed dune, and overground part branch is many, and the ability of fixing the sand is strong.But natural shrubbery is few, Summer over Xinjiang Region is extremely hot, and winter is cold, and dust storm is large, seed is difficult for propagating, the seed that lands is difficult for obtaining the condition that Adaptable growth is grown, and Natural population procreation is difficulty comparatively, only has by seminal propagation, the natural rate of damaging by worms of seed is 25% left and right, utilize desert and plant Ammopiptanthus nanus, set up eremium, the extremely important meaning of having improved the ecological environment.
Turpan, Xinjiang city is located in Arid Areas of Central Asia in innerland, Eurasia, height above sea level-105~-76m, and 89 ° 11, eastern footpath ', 42 ° 51 of north latitude ', 13.9 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, extremely minimum-28 ℃, 49.6 ℃ of Extreme Maximum Temperatures.Mean annual precipitation 16.4mm, year evaporation discharge 3000mm, belongs to arid desert, typical inland weather, and zonal soil is taupe brown desert soil.The strong wind in annual spring and sandstorm bring huge loss to local agricultural production.The annual strong wind in Turfan is about 27 days, and maximum 68 days, agricultural production and the people's lives in oasis in serious threat.6 meters of high crescent dunes, here move forward 28 meters every year on average, in the time of at most, reach 50 meters, afforestation desert, the active demand of having checked winds and fixed drifting sand and having faced into local society economic development.
Xinjiang, Ammopiptanthus nanus original producton location, 34.7 ℃ of original producton location thermal extremes, winter minimum temperature-29.3 ℃, original producton location is stone materialization brown desert soil.Turfan Prefecture 40 ℃ of above high temperature in continuous 4 months of summer, than original producton location awful weather, Turpan Desert Botanical Garden is the original taupe brown desert soil in basin.The present invention transplants Ammopiptanthus nanus in Turfan Prefecture and plants, through growing seedlings for many years, breeding test and introduction and acclimatization, Ammopiptanthus nanus normally blossoms and bears fruit at Turpan Desert Botanical Garden, improve environment, sand control, the superiority of Ammopiptanthus nanus aspect the ecological protection of desert region, the ideal that becomes the arid-desert area ecological environment treatment of checking winds and fixing drifting sand is from now on fixed the sand species.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, ground, a kind of desert Ammopiptanthus nanus growing nursery and culture method is provided, the method is to be completed by seed treatment, seed collection, Nutrition Soil proportioning, sowing, seedling management, hardening and transplanting link, the method Yi Chinese Academy of Sciences Turpan Desert Botanical Garden has carried out the production practices of testing for many years and grow seedlings, going out shoot survival percent is 85%, and one-tenth shoot survival percent is 75-70%.The method has good operability, and techniqueflow is scientific and reasonable, has stronger repetition and reliability, universal strong with generalization.The superiority of Ammopiptanthus nanus aspect the ecological protection of desert region, the ideal that becomes the arid-desert area ecological environment treatment of checking winds and fixing drifting sand is from now on fixed the sand species.
Ground, a kind of desert of the present invention Ammopiptanthus nanus growing nursery and culture method, follows these steps to carry out:
A, seed collection: the mature seed of gathering is blackish green, seed kidney shape, plants leather matter, thousand kernel weight 27-39g, long 5.5-6.3mm, wide 4.5.-4.8mm, thick 1.3-1.5mm, pod square is circular, contains seed 3-4 piece, by fruit peeling, cleans, and dries collection;
B, vernalization process: the seed sterilization processing of first step a being dried, seed is placed in the solution that volumetric concentration is 30% ferrous sulfate, soak and pick up after 30 minutes, then use normal temperature water logging 24 hours, until kind of an eye tell white after, by seed program request in nutritive cube;
C, Nutrition Soil proportioning: the soil of sowing Ammopiptanthus mongolicus plant seed be take sandy soil as main, is clay 60% by weight, sand 35%, farmyard manure 5% mixes, and will mix Nutrition Soil and put into 2/3rds places of nutritive cube, the wide 1m in seedbed of sowing, long 4m, sows the first two sky and waters sufficient water;
D, sowing: adopt live or feeding block seedlings raising:
Live: in Turfan, sow by the end of March, the seed of handling well is directly broadcast in ready ditch in advance, the degree of depth 3cm of trench digging, earthing immediately after broadcasting, management, when seedling grows to 5cm, carries out thinning according to a conventional method;
Or feeding block seedlings raising: in Turfan Prefecture, sowing was carried out in late September, with finger, pressed the vesicle that 1.5cm is dark on the sandy soil of nutritive cube, and the seed of handling well is put into cave, each nutritive cube is put 2-3 grain seed, cover 1.5 centimetres of the thin sand and soils of filtration, put in order a collection of after, the nutritive cube proper alignment of having planted is good, then on nutritive cube, with sprayer, water, early stage, water will be caught up with, the temperature 25-28 ℃ in warm canopy, and a week emerges;
E, seedling management: after emerging, after there is true leaf 2-3 leaf, control moisture, after November, winter temperature canopy temperature 7-10 ℃, every 1 first quarter moon, to water of seedbed flood irrigation, arrive Second Year May, height of seedling 5-7cm transplants after hardening;
F, hardening: raise the Polypropylence Sheet of warm canopy April, raise warm canopy first 10 day daytime, and build Polypropylence Sheet evening, and after fortnight, daytime, evening, Polypropylence Sheet was all raised, and after one month, can transplant;
G, transplanting: first ditch, select the position of transplanting to punch with card punch, hole size 15cm, in hole, removes nutritive cube by the transplantation of seedlings in nutritive cube, and earthing, after having transplanted seedling, waters sufficient water immediately.
Ground, desert of the present invention Ammopiptanthus nanus growing nursery and culture method, the method is introduced seed by 1985 Kang Su of Nian Cong Xinjiang, at Chinese Academy of Sciences's Turpan Desert Botanical Garden, through growing nursery and culture breeding for many years, going out shoot survival percent is 85%, and one-tenth shoot survival percent is 75-70%.The Ammopiptanthus mongolicus that botanical garden main entrance two seedings are now planted is about 1000 meters, normally yield positive results every year, improve environment, sand control, the superiority of Ammopiptanthus nanus aspect the ecological protection of desert region, the ideal that becomes the arid-desert area ecological environment treatment of checking winds and fixing drifting sand is from now on fixed the sand species.The method has good operability, and techniqueflow is scientific and reasonable, has stronger repetition and reliability, universal strong with generalization.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Seed collection: Turfan Prefecture late May, the mature seed of gathering is blackish green, seed kidney shape, plants leather matter, thousand kernel weight 27-39g, long 5.5-6.3mm, wide 4.5.-4.8mm, thick 1.3-1.5mm, pod square is circular, contain 3 pieces, seed, by fruit peeling, clean, dry collection;
Vernalization is processed: first will dry seed sterilization processing, seed will be placed in the solution of ferrous sulfate 30%, and soak and pick up after 30 minutes, then use normal temperature water logging 24 hours, plant tell white after, by seed program request in nutritive cube.
Nutrition Soil proportioning: the soil of sowing Ammopiptanthus mongolicus plant seed be take sandy soil as main, be soil by weight: sandy soil=3: 1 mixes, its medium clay soil 60%, sand 35%, farmyard manure 5%, will mix Nutrition Soil and put into 2/3rds places of nutritive cube, nutritive cube size 12 * 12cm, the wide 1m in seedbed of sowing, long 4m, sows the first two sky and waters sufficient water;
Sowing: adopt live: carry out by the end of March in Turfan, the seed of handling well is directly broadcast in ready ditch in advance, the degree of depth 3cm of trench digging, earthing immediately after broadcasting, normal management according to a conventional method, when seedling grows to 5cm, thinning, live Ammopiptanthus nanus is difficult for transplanting seedlings, and chooses plantation fixed position from now on, does not transplant seedling;
Seedling management: after emerging, after there is true leaf 2-3 leaf, control moisture, after November, winter temperature canopy temperature 7-10 ℃, every 1 first quarter moon, to water of seedbed flood irrigation, be beneficial to well developed root system, whole Growth of Seedling is slow, to Second Year May, after 8 months, height of seedling 5-7cm can transplant after hardening;
Hardening: raise the Polypropylence Sheet of warm canopy April, raise warm canopy first 10 day daytime, and build Polypropylence Sheet evening, and after fortnight, daytime, evening, Polypropylence Sheet was all raised, and hardening needs, after one month, can transplant like this;
Transplant: first ditch, in the position that will transplant, with card punch, punch, hole size 15cm, is carefully transplanted in hole by the seedling in nutritive cube, remove nutritive cube, earthing immediately, transplant planting settles at one go, because Root System of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is large, hair root is many, easily hinders root, after having transplanted seedling, waters sufficient water;
Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling was the 1st year poor growth, and 2-3 enters the fast-growing phase, and branch germination is strong, can coppice shoot 4-6 bar, and of great use windproof to fixing the sand, the 3rd year starts to yield positive results, and mild growth in the 5th year is solid in a large number.
Embodiment 2
Seed collection: Turfan Prefecture late May, the mature seed of gathering is blackish green, seed kidney shape, plants leather matter, thousand kernel weight 27-39g, long 5.5-6.3mm, wide 4.5.-4.8mm, thick 1.3-1.5mm, pod square is circular, contain 3 pieces, seed, by fruit peeling, clean, dry collection;
Vernalization is processed: first will dry seed sterilization processing, seed will be placed in the solution of ferrous sulfate 30%, and soak and pick up after 30 minutes, then use normal temperature water logging 24 hours, plant tell white after, by seed program request in nutritive cube.
Nutrition Soil proportioning: the soil of sowing Ammopiptanthus mongolicus plant seed be take sandy soil as main, be soil by weight: sandy soil=3: 1 mixes, its medium clay soil 60%, sand 35%, farmyard manure 5%, will mix Nutrition Soil and put into 2/3rds places of nutritive cube, nutritive cube size 12 * 12cm, the wide 1m in seedbed of sowing, long 4m, sows the first two sky and waters sufficient water;
Sowing: adopt feeding block seedlings raising: be to transplant seedlings with the convenient of feeding block seedlings raising, sowing was carried out in late September, with finger, pressed the vesicle that 1.5cm is dark on the sandy soil of nutritive cube, and the seed of handling well is put into cave, each nutritive cube is put 2-3 grain seed, cover 1.5 centimetres of the thin sand and soils of filtration, put in order a collection of after, the nutritive cube proper alignment of having planted is good, then on nutritive cube, with sprayer, water, early stage, water will be caught up with, the temperature 25-28 ℃ in warm canopy, and a week emerges;
Seedling management: after emerging, after there is true leaf 2-3 leaf, control moisture, after November, winter temperature canopy temperature 7-10 ℃, every 1 first quarter moon, to water of seedbed flood irrigation, be beneficial to well developed root system, whole Growth of Seedling is slow, to Second Year May, after 8 months, height of seedling 5-7cm can transplant after hardening;
Hardening: raise the Polypropylence Sheet of warm canopy April, raise warm canopy first 10 day daytime, and build Polypropylence Sheet evening, and after fortnight, daytime, evening, Polypropylence Sheet was all raised, and hardening needs, after one month, can transplant like this;
Transplant: first ditch, in the position that will transplant, with card punch, punch, hole size 15cm, is carefully transplanted in hole by the seedling in nutritive cube, remove nutritive cube, earthing immediately, transplant planting settles at one go, because Root System of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is large, hair root is many, easily hinders root, after having transplanted seedling, waters sufficient water;
Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling was the 1st year poor growth, and 2-3 enters the fast-growing phase, and branch germination is strong, can coppice shoot 4-6 bar, and of great use windproof to fixing the sand, the 3rd year starts to yield positive results, and mild growth in the 5th year is solid in a large number.

Claims (1)

1. a desert ground Ammopiptanthus nanus growing nursery and culture method, is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
A, seed collection: the mature seed of gathering is blackish green, seed kidney shape, plants leather matter, thousand kernel weight 27-39g, long 5.5-6.3mm, wide 4.5.-4.8mm, thick 1.3-1.5mm, pod square is circular, contains seed 3-4 piece, by fruit peeling, cleans, and dries collection;
B, vernalization process: the seed sterilization processing of first step a being dried, seed is placed in the solution that volumetric concentration is 30% ferrous sulfate, soak and pick up after 30 minutes, then use normal temperature water logging 24 hours, until kind of an eye tell white after, by seed program request in nutritive cube;
C, Nutrition Soil proportioning: the soil of sowing Ammopiptanthus mongolicus plant seed be take sandy soil as main, is clay 60% by weight, sand 35%, farmyard manure 5% mixes, and will mix Nutrition Soil and put into 2/3rds places of nutritive cube, the wide 1m in seedbed of sowing, long 4m, sows the first two sky and waters sufficient water;
D, sowing: adopt live or feeding block seedlings raising:
Live: in Turfan Prefecture, sow by the end of March, the seed of handling well is directly broadcast in ready ditch in advance, the degree of depth 3cm of trench digging, earthing immediately after broadcasting, management, when seedling grows to 5cm, carries out thinning according to a conventional method;
Or feeding block seedlings raising: in Turfan Prefecture, sowing was carried out in late September, with finger, pressed the vesicle that 1.5cm is dark on the sandy soil of nutritive cube, and the seed of handling well is put into cave, each nutritive cube is put 2-3 grain seed, cover 1.5 centimetres of the thin sand and soils of filtration, put in order a collection of after, the nutritive cube proper alignment of having planted is good, then on nutritive cube, with sprayer, water, early stage, water will be caught up with, the temperature 25-28 ℃ in warm canopy, and a week emerges;
E, seedling management: after emerging, after there is true leaf 2-3 leaf, control moisture, after November, winter temperature canopy temperature 7-10 ℃, every 1 first quarter moon, to water of seedbed flood irrigation, arrive Second Year May, height of seedling 5-7cm transplants after hardening;
F, hardening: raise the Polypropylence Sheet of warm canopy April, raise warm canopy first 10 day daytime, and build Polypropylence Sheet evening, and after fortnight, daytime, evening, Polypropylence Sheet was all raised, and after one month, can transplant;
G, transplanting: first ditch, select the position of transplanting to punch with card punch, hole size 15cm, in hole, removes nutritive cube by the transplantation of seedlings in nutritive cube, and earthing, after having transplanted seedling, waters sufficient water immediately.
CN201410237676.2A 2014-05-31 2014-05-31 Ground, desert Ammopiptanthus nanus growing nursery and culture method Expired - Fee Related CN103960040B (en)

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Cited By (9)

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CN105104086A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-12-02 山东师范大学 Method for increasing emergence rate and seedling rate of wild olive seeds in inland saline-alkali soil
CN105659969A (en) * 2016-01-29 2016-06-15 甘肃省治沙研究所 Method for increasing seed germination rate of ammopiptanthus mongolicus through allelopathy of peganum harmala
CN107517803A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-12-29 甘肃省治沙研究所 A kind of method for improving Ammopiptanthus mongolicus sand ground transplanting survival rate
CN108243660A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-07-06 甘肃省治沙研究所 The Pregermination and seedling breeding method of short Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed
CN108617454A (en) * 2018-05-11 2018-10-09 甘肃省治沙研究所 A kind of short Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed production methods of Desert Regions in situ conservation
CN109566224A (en) * 2018-12-03 2019-04-05 内蒙古蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司 A kind of container seedling culture method and implantation methods of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus
CN113068560A (en) * 2021-04-01 2021-07-06 白银市国有林场和林业产业建设服务站 Container seedling raising method for ammopiptanthus mongolicus
CN114568195A (en) * 2022-03-14 2022-06-03 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling transplanting method
CN114946501A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-30 白银市国有林场和种苗工作站 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus afforestation method

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CN103535179A (en) * 2013-10-25 2014-01-29 安徽环绿生态农业投资发展有限公司 Seedling raising method of broadleaf holly

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CN105104086A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-12-02 山东师范大学 Method for increasing emergence rate and seedling rate of wild olive seeds in inland saline-alkali soil
CN105104086B (en) * 2015-08-28 2017-06-30 山东师范大学 It is a kind of to improve the method that arrow-leaved oleaster seed is emerged with seedling in inland salt-soda soil
CN105659969A (en) * 2016-01-29 2016-06-15 甘肃省治沙研究所 Method for increasing seed germination rate of ammopiptanthus mongolicus through allelopathy of peganum harmala
CN105659969B (en) * 2016-01-29 2018-03-13 甘肃省治沙研究所 A kind of method that Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed germination rate is improved using harmel allelopathy
CN107517803A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-12-29 甘肃省治沙研究所 A kind of method for improving Ammopiptanthus mongolicus sand ground transplanting survival rate
CN108243660A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-07-06 甘肃省治沙研究所 The Pregermination and seedling breeding method of short Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed
CN108617454A (en) * 2018-05-11 2018-10-09 甘肃省治沙研究所 A kind of short Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed production methods of Desert Regions in situ conservation
CN109566224A (en) * 2018-12-03 2019-04-05 内蒙古蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司 A kind of container seedling culture method and implantation methods of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus
CN113068560A (en) * 2021-04-01 2021-07-06 白银市国有林场和林业产业建设服务站 Container seedling raising method for ammopiptanthus mongolicus
CN114568195A (en) * 2022-03-14 2022-06-03 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling transplanting method
CN114568195B (en) * 2022-03-14 2023-03-14 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling transplanting method
CN114946501A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-30 白银市国有林场和种苗工作站 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus afforestation method
CN114946501B (en) * 2022-05-30 2024-03-08 白银市国有林场和种苗工作站 Method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus

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