CN103956193B - A kind of passive containment thermal conduction system - Google Patents
A kind of passive containment thermal conduction system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103956193B CN103956193B CN201410126253.3A CN201410126253A CN103956193B CN 103956193 B CN103956193 B CN 103956193B CN 201410126253 A CN201410126253 A CN 201410126253A CN 103956193 B CN103956193 B CN 103956193B
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- containment
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- water tank
- liquid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The present invention relates to reactor safety system designing technique, be specifically related to a kind of passive containment thermal conduction system.Including the heat exchanger being arranged within containment, the heat exchanger tube of heat exchanger is condensed by wall and convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, the heat of High Temperature Moist Air in containment is taken out of, by Natural Circulation driving force (declining pipeline section and the density contrast risen between pipeline section), heated pipe inner cooling water is arranged outside containment.The high-temperature cooling water produced, a part dissipates toward air in vapour form, and another part is collected again with the form of aqueous water, imports water tank.In described tank top, be provided with possess steam-water separation function and evaporation, catchment, the liquid water collection of filtering function and cooling system.Containment pressure and temperature within nuclear power station exists containment during the accident conditions (including design basis accident and major accident) of increasing temperature and pressure phenomenon, can be reduced to acceptable level, to keep the integrity of containment by the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reactor safety system designing technique, be specifically related to a kind of passive containment heat and lead
Go out system.
Background technology
From the beginning of last century the eighties, the country such as the U.S., Japan, France, Germany, Russia carries out
The research of passive technology, wherein with non-passive safety advanced nuclear plant AP1000 generation Ⅲ nuclear power unit as generation
Table.
The Passive containment cooling system of U.S. AP1000 uses passive mode the heat in containment
It is dispersed into ultimate heat sink-air, as shown in Figure 1.Under accidental conditions, air is from shielding structures top
Portion's entrance 1 enters, and again back through rising runner after flowing through decline passway, takes away the transmission of containment vessel wall
Heat, finally drain into environment from chimney, be provided above gravity water injecting tank 2 at containment.Receive containment high
After pressure signal, running and automatically start after the accident of system, that only need to open in three the normally off isolating valves is any
One, it is not required to other actions and can start system.The startup of system also can be by operator in master control room or long-range
Shutdown work station manually boots.
No matter consider from safety or economy, use passive containment thermal conduction system to improve core
The level of security of power plant is trend of the times, uses passive containment thermal conduction system, it is ensured that in super design
The long-term heat extraction of containment in the case of basis accident, can maintain the integrity of containment, alleviates major accident
Consequence.Make reactor reach or there is the level of security of three generations's nuclear power station.Passive containment heat is set
Guiding system can meet China's nuclear safety codes HAF102(2004) in " nuclear power plant design safety regulation "
Keep containment integrity and the requirement of containment heat extraction under the major accident of regulation, meet in EUR and URD
About the heat removal requirement of containment under beyond design basis accident to be ensured.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to the needs of nuclear plant safety design, it is provided that a kind of passive containment
Heat guiding system, within nuclear power station exists containment, the accident conditions of increasing temperature and pressure phenomenon (includes
Design basis accident and major accident) time, containment pressure and temperature is reduced to acceptable level,
To keep the integrity of containment.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of passive containment thermal conduction system, including being arranged on
Heat exchanger within containment and be arranged on the water tank outside containment, the position of described water tank is higher than
Described heat exchanger, heat exchanger is provided with rising pipeline section and declines pipeline section, and described water tank bottom is by described decline
Pipeline section is connected with heat exchanger entrance, and described rising pipeline section is upward through described water tank, rises pipeline section
Upper end outlet is connected with the liquid water collection above water tank and cooling system, is positioned at water in described tedge section
The outlet of several ascent stages and valving it is provided with at different liquid levels on body in case.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above, wherein, described aqueous water
Collect and cooling system includes being arranged on the liquid water collection above described water tank and evaporative filtration device, liquid
State water is collected and is provided with drainage hood outside evaporative filtration device, arranges wind force intensified dress on the top of drainage hood
Putting, the bottom of drainage hood arranges air-vent, described liquid water collection and evaporative filtration device and connects water tank note
The mouth of a river.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above, wherein, described liquid
Water is collected and a kind of implementation of evaporative filtration device is to be arranged on the top outlet of described rising pipeline section
The evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate of lower section；Or, described liquid water collection and the another kind of evaporative filtration device
Implementation includes liquid water collection plate and spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate, described spiral liquid film evaporation
Cold plate helically formula structure drop, the bottom of spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate and porous filtering water collection sheet
Connecting, described porous filtering water collection sheet connects water tank with water mouth.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above, wherein, in described rising
The valving of several ascent stage exits settings that pipeline section is positioned at water tank is normal closed gate device, often
Valve closing door gear is connected with liquid level sensor, triggers with low water level signal and opens.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above, wherein, respectively described
Several ascent stages export between any two, install for weakening the porous fabric that water tank water flow inside is mixed.
Further, passive containment thermal conduction system as above, wherein, in described rising
On pipeline section and decline pipeline section, normally opened containment isolating valve is set respectively outside containment.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows: (1) uses passive scheme to discharge heat in containment, carries
The high inherent safety of system；(2) system ensure that in design basis and beyond design basis accident feelings
The long-term heat extraction of containment under condition, including the accident relevant to station blackout and spray system fault, improves
Traditional active security system nuclear power plant dependence to safe level power supply, improves the safety of power plant；(3)
Radioactive substance under major accident can be significantly improved refer to the probabilistic safety of Environment release frequency (LERF)
Mark；(4) can be intelligent with the power match of automatic realizing system heat removal capacity Yu containment heat extraction demand
Regulation cooling effect, especially can provide significantly higher heat removal capacity at the accident initial stage；(5) permissible
Realize making full use of of coolant in water tank, provide equipment for not intervening the time after winning longer accident
Basis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Passive containment cooling system schematic diagram of U.S. AP1000；
Fig. 2 is the passive containment thermal conduction system structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of liquid water collection of the present invention and cooling system.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of passive containment thermal conduction system (pcs system) provided by the present invention uses passive
Technology, when there is station blackout, in the case of not having Operator actions, system automatically engages operation, profit
The long-term heat extraction of containment is realized by Natural Circulation.In the case of operating without operator, the non-energy of containment
The dynamic heat extraction time can maintain more than 100 hours, can consider other moisturizing means after 100 hours.
As in figure 2 it is shown, pcs system is designed with passive design concept, including being arranged on containment 10
Internal heat exchanger 11 and be arranged on the water tank 7 containment 10 outside, heat exchanger 11 and water tank 7 pass through upper
Riser section 9 and decline pipeline section 19 connect, on rising pipeline section 9 and decline pipeline section 19 respectively outside containment 10
It is provided with normally opened containment isolating valve 18,20.Utilize the heat exchanger 11 being arranged in containment 10, logical
Cross condensation and the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection of the heat exchanger tube outside wall surface of heat exchanger 11, by High Temperature Moist Air in containment 10
Heat is taken out of, by Natural Circulation driving force (declining pipeline section 19 and the density contrast risen between pipeline section 9), and will
Heated pipe inner cooling water is arranged outside containment 10, and the high-temperature cooling water of generation, a part is in vapour form
Dissipating toward air, another part is collected again with the form of aqueous water.Fill in liquid water collection and evaporative filtration
During the collection put, high-temperature cooling water can significantly be cooled down (cooling 20-40 degree), thus with relatively low
The remittance water tank 7 of temperature.The position of water tank 7 is higher than heat exchanger 11, passes through down-comer bottom water tank 7
Section 19 is connected with heat exchanger 11 entrance, and coolant can inject heat exchanger under gravity endlessly,
To complete lasting system band thermal cycle.Owing to system is driven by Natural Circulation, temperature in containment 10
The highest, the heat transfer intensity on heat exchanger 11 surface is the biggest, and the water in heat-transfer pipe will obtain higher temperature, namely
Mean that rising pipeline section 9 has less density, thus cause rising pipeline section 9 and decline between pipeline section 19 more
Big density contrast, then system obtains bigger drive ram, brings more intensive rate of circulating flow.Otherwise also
So.The i.e. heat removal capacity of system can realize the Auto-matching with heat extraction demand and balance.
Described rising pipeline section 9 is upward through described water tank 7, described rising pipeline section 9 is provided with multiple go out
Mouthful, wherein, rise the top outlet of pipeline section--A5 is higher than water tank 7 in ascent stage outlet, its location arrangements in
In liquid water collection and cooling system.Different liquid level it is positioned on the body of water tank 7 rising pipeline section 9
Place is respectively equipped with the outlet of several ascent stages, as the ascent stage in Fig. 2 exports B15, ascent stage outlet C16
Being sequentially arranged with on ascent stage outlet D17, and short transverse, each exit is correspondingly arranged valving.
Described valving is normal closed gate device, and normal closed gate device is connected with liquid level sensor, and with low
Water level signal triggers and opens.
Along with evaporation of water, the water level 14 in water tank 7 is gradually reduced, and triggers ascent stage outlet B15 the most step by step,
The valve of ascent stage outlet C16 and ascent stage outlet D17 is opened.On the one hand, the valve opened step by step is protected
(the gateway difference in height of natural cycle system is excessive may be caused circulating nothing to have demonstrate,proved the maintenance of system circulation ability
Method is set up), on the other hand, after opening the ascent stage outlet valve of lower position step by step, steam is still by the ascent stage
Outlet A5 discharges, and aqueous water is then exported by the ascent stage of lower position and directly imports water tank 7.
Inside described water tank 7, export B15, ascent stage outlet C16 and ascent stage in the ascent stage respectively
Outlet D17 between any two, is mounted with to mix for weakening water tank water flow inside, but does not hinder differing heights
Water layer between connection porous fabric 8.
Porous fabric 8 can play and hinder the purpose that current are mixed in water tank 7, it is ensured that high-temperature water floats over top,
Water at low temperature is gathered in bottom water tank 7, thus can bring two effects, and one is that water tank 7 bottom coolant will
Directly along declining pipeline section 19 inflow heat exchanger 11, the inlet water temperature of heat exchanger 11 is the lowest, the heat extraction merit of system
Rate is the strongest, and beneficially in containment 10, heat is discharged faster, it is possible to achieve the maximization of its security function；
Two is that hot water floats on top, is more beneficial for the evaporative effect of the water surface, thus more can strengthen air to water tank 7
Evaporation cooling effect, thus indirectly reduce heat exchanger 11 inlet water temperature, the i.e. heat removal capacity of consolidation system.
The present invention devises liquid water collection and cooling system above water tank, and its structure is as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
Liquid water collection and cooling system include being arranged on the liquid water collection above described water tank 7 and evaporative filtration dress
Put, be provided with drainage hood 4 outside liquid water collection and evaporative filtration device, wind-force is set on the top of drainage hood 4
Intensifying device 3, the bottom of drainage hood 4 arranges air-vent 6,12.
Described liquid water collection and evaporative filtration device can be better simply structure, as shown in Figure 2
Being positioned at the evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate 13 below ascent stage outlet A5, evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate 13 extends the water surface and steams
Fermentation is long-pending and collects condensed water, and aqueous water is imported water tank.
The present invention provides another kind of liquid water collection and the structure of evaporative filtration device the most simultaneously, such as Fig. 3 institute
Show, including liquid water collection plate 21 and spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22, the position of liquid water collection plate 21
Putting corresponding with the position of ascent stage outlet A5, described spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22 helically formula declines
Structure, the bottom of spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22 is connected with porous filtering water collection sheet 24, described porous
Filter water collection sheet 24 and connect water tank with water mouth 25.Heated high-temperature cooling water sprays to liquid water collection plate 21,
Liquid water stream is to the top of spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22, along with the inclined-plane of cold plate, under current spiral
Fall, and launch to become liquid film, in the wind field that reverse flow and disturbance are strong, evaporation is obvious, and with
Time significantly lowered the temperature, the current of low temperature, at the congregate of spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate 22, pass through
Porous filtering water collection sheet 24, eventually enters into water tank with water mouth 25.
Described drainage hood 4, in cone, along the circumferential direction can also arrange several secondaries inside drainage hood
Stream mixes the wing, in order to cause air-flow horizontal mobility in drainage hood air channel.
Wind force intensified device 3 can use solar wind force intensifying device, including being installed on air channel outside wall surface too
Blower fan in sun energy cell panel and air channel.By solar wind force intensifying device 3, drainage hood 4 with via special
The air-vent 6,12 of design and liquid water collection and the design of evaporative filtration device, increase water surface wind-force
And extend evaporation from water surface area, enhance the evaporation intensity of high temperature coolant, so that water tank 7 is permissible
Finally collect the coolant of lower temperature, the most indirectly heat removal capacity of accelerating system, and finally realize
Decrease temperature and pressure greatly in containment 10.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification without deviating from this to the present invention
The spirit and scope of invention.So, if these amendments and modification to the present invention belong to right of the present invention
Require and within the scope of equivalent technology, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (6)
1. a passive containment thermal conduction system, including being arranged on containment (10) inside
Heat exchanger (11) and be arranged on the water tank (7) that containment (10) is outside, the cloth of described water tank (7)
Seated position is higher than described heat exchanger (11), and heat exchanger (11) is provided with rising pipeline section (9) and declines pipeline section
(19), described water tank (7) bottom is by described decline pipeline section (19) and heat exchanger (11) entrance phase
Connect, it is characterised in that: described rising pipeline section (9) is upward through described water tank (7), rises pipeline section
The top outlet (5) and water tank (7) above liquid water collection and cooling system be connected, in institute
State rising pipeline section (9) to be positioned on the body of water tank (7) at different liquid level and be provided with several and rise
Section outlet (15,16,17) and valving, respectively several ascent stages described outlet (15,16,
17) between any two, install for weakening the porous fabric (8) that water tank water flow inside is mixed.
2. passive containment thermal conduction system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The liquid water collection stated and cooling system include liquid water collection and the steaming being arranged on described water tank (7) top
Send out defecator, be provided with drainage hood (4) outside liquid water collection and evaporative filtration device, in drainage hood (4)
Top wind force intensified device (3) is set, the bottom of drainage hood (4) arranges air-vent (6,12),
Described liquid water collection and evaporative filtration device connect water tank with water mouth (25).
3. passive containment thermal conduction system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: institute
The liquid water collection stated and evaporative filtration device are under the top outlet (5) being arranged on described rising pipeline section
Evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate (13) of side.
4. passive containment thermal conduction system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: institute
The liquid water collection stated and evaporative filtration device include liquid water collection plate (21) and spiral liquid film evaporation
Cold plate (22), described spiral liquid film evaporation cold plate (22) helically formula structure drop, spiral
The bottom of formula liquid film evaporation cold plate (22) is connected with porous filtering water collection sheet (24), described porous mistake
Filter water collection sheet (24) connects water tank with water mouth (25).
5. the passive containment thermal conduction system as described in any one in claim 1-4, its
Be characterised by: described rising pipeline section (9) be positioned at water tank several ascent stages outlet (15,16,
17) valving that place is arranged is normal closed gate device, and normal closed gate device is connected with liquid level sensor,
Trigger with low water level signal and open.
6. the passive containment thermal conduction system as described in any one in claim 1-4, its
It is characterised by: arrange outside containment respectively on described rising pipeline section (9) and decline pipeline section (19)
Normally opened containment isolating valve (18,20).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410126253.3A CN103956193B (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | A kind of passive containment thermal conduction system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410126253.3A CN103956193B (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | A kind of passive containment thermal conduction system |
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| CN103956193A CN103956193A (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| CN103956193B true CN103956193B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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| CN104318963B (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-08-31 | 温州志杰机电科技有限公司 | A kind of female thread evanohm carborundum nuclear reactor cooling equipment |
| CN104157314B (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-08-31 | 温州志杰机电科技有限公司 | A kind of nuclear reactor connects aluminium alloy silicon nitride high pressure cooling device by appointing |
| CN104240775B (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-08-31 | 温州志杰机电科技有限公司 | A kind of nuclear reactor flange copper alloy aluminum oxide high-pressure chiller |
| CN104934078B (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2018-09-25 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | A kind of Passive containment cooling system keeping cooling water dynamic circulation |
| CN105355239B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2019-12-13 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive containment cooling system |
| CN105427902B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2019-12-13 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Direct evaporation type passive self-cooling guide plate |
| CN105741888B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-12-22 | 中国人民解放军92609部队 | A kind of non-kinetic containment cooling system for presurized water reactor |
| CN107170493B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2020-12-18 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive containment heat exporting system |
| CN107958712A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | A kind of heat pipe exchanging type passive containment thermal conduction system |
| CN112599257B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2024-03-15 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Marine capillary force driven containment heat export system |
| CN113140335B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-03-22 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive containment heat exporting system with internal heat exchanger protection device |
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| JP2000111190A (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-04-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Building Techno Service Co Ltd | Cooler |
| CN202110832U (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Top-positioned type non-dynamic emergency waste heat discharging system for pressurized water reactor |
| CN102737738B (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2015-01-07 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive direct evaporation type cooling system for double-layer concrete containment |
| CN202887745U (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-04-17 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Active and passive combined safety shell heat extraction device |
| CN103615913A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-05 | 宜兴市裕泰华环保有限公司 | Closed type cooling tower |
| CN203882629U (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-10-15 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive heat exporting system of safety shell |
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