CN103956195B - Active and passive combination containment heat removal system - Google Patents
Active and passive combination containment heat removal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103956195B CN103956195B CN201410126426.1A CN201410126426A CN103956195B CN 103956195 B CN103956195 B CN 103956195B CN 201410126426 A CN201410126426 A CN 201410126426A CN 103956195 B CN103956195 B CN 103956195B
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- water tank
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention relates to an active and passive combination containment heat removal system. The structure of the active and passive combination containment heat removal system comprises a heat exchanger arranged in the above containment and a water tank arranged outside the containment, the water tank is higher than the heat exchanger, the bottom of the water tank is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger through a downcomer segment, a spray cooling and liquid water collecting system possessing cooling, water collecting and filtering functions is arranged above the water tank, a riser tube segment is connected with the inlet of the condenser of the spray cooling and liquid water collection system, the outlet of the condenser is connected with the water injection opening of the water tank, a spraying device is arranged above the condenser, the spray cooling and liquid water collection system includes a drainage cover arranged over the water tank, the top of the drainage cover is provided with a fan, and the bottom of the drainage cover is provided with an air induction opening. The active and passive combination containment heat removal system can always provide an efficient cooling means for the water tank after a passive system is put into operation in order to maintain the temperature of the water tank at a low level, so the active and passive combination containment heat removal system can obtain high natural circulation ability and heat removal power, and the long-term effective cooling and the pressure reduction of the containment are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reactor safety system designing technique is and in particular to a kind of active and passive safety combining
Shell heat derives system.
Background technology
From the beginning of last century the eighties, the country such as the U.S., Japan, France, Germany, Russia has carried out passive technology
Research, wherein with non-passive safety advanced nuclear plant AP1000 generation Ⅲ nuclear power unit as representative.
The Passive containment cooling system of U.S. AP1000 is dispersed into the heat in containment using passive mode
Ultimate heat sink-air, as shown in Figure 1.Under accidental conditions, air enters from shielding structures top entry 1, under flowing through
Again back through rising runner after fall passage, take away the heat of containment vessel wall transmission, finally drain into environment from chimney, in peace
Above full shell, gravity water injecting tank 2 is set.After being connected to containment high pressure force signal, run automatic after the accident of system, only need
Open any one in three the normally off isolating valves, be not required to other actions and get final product activation system.The startup of system also can be by manipulating
Member manually boots in master control room or long-range shutdown work station.
No matter consider from security or economy, nuclear power plant is improved using passive containment thermal conduction system
Level of security is trend of the times, using passive containment thermal conduction system it is ensured that pacifying in the case of beyond design basis accident
The long-term heat extraction of full shell, can maintain the integrality of containment, alleviate the consequence of major accident.So that reactor is reached or have three
Level of security for nuclear power station.Setting passive containment thermal conduction system can meet China's nuclear safety codes HAF102
（2004）《Nuclear power plant design safety specifies》Specified in keep containment integrity and containment heat extraction under major accident
Require, meet the heat removal requirement with regard to containment under beyond design basis accident to be ensured in EUR and URD.
On the other hand, due to the technical characteristic of Natural Circulation, the Natural Circulation of passive containment thermal conduction system and
Heat removal capacity is closely related with the water tank temperature as low-temperature receiver, and water temperature is lower, more can promote the raising of heat extraction power.At present
The design of passive containment thermal conduction system in, be not directed to water tank（Low-temperature receiver）Using efficient cooling way,
Therefore in the longtime running stage, because water tank temperature is higher and cannot effectively cool down, passive containment heat derives
The Natural Circulation of system and heat removal capacity can be decreased obviously, thus weakening the speed of containment heat derives, may make peace
Full shell temperature and pressure goes back up to higher level.
Content of the invention
Present invention aims to the needs of nuclear plant safety design, provide a kind of active and passive combine
, there is the accident conditions of increasing temperature and pressure phenomenon in containment in nuclear power station in containment heat derives system（Including design base
Quasi- accident and major accident）When, containment pressure and temperature is reduced to acceptable level, and is maintained at relatively low for a long time
Under temperature, pressure level, to keep the integrality of containment.
Technical scheme is as follows：A kind of active and passive containment heat derives system combining, including
It is arranged on the heat exchanger within containment and the water tank being arranged on outside containment, the position of described water tank is higher than described changing
Hot device, heat exchanger is provided with rising pipeline section and declines pipeline section, and described water tank bottom is by described decline pipeline section and heat exchanger entrance phase
Connect, be provided with above described water tank and possess cooling, catchment and the spraying cooling of filtering function and liquid water collection system, institute
State rising pipeline section to be connected with the condenser inlet of spraying cooling and liquid water collection system, the outlet of described condenser and water tank
Water filling port connects, and is provided with spray equipment above condenser.
Further, the active as above and passive containment heat derives system combining, wherein, described spray
Drench cooling and liquid water collection system includes being arranged on the drainage hood above water tank, the top of drainage hood is provided with blower fan, drainage hood
Bottom be provided with air-vent, described condenser and spray equipment are arranged on the inside of drainage hood, in the lower section of described condenser
It is provided with the evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate connecting with water tank.
Further, the active as above and passive containment heat derives system combining, wherein, described spray
Shower device is connected with water tank by pipeline, using the cooling water in water tank as spray water source, described pipeline is provided with spray pump,
Non-return valve, spray pipe valve.
Further, the active as above and passive containment heat derives system combining, wherein, in drainage hood
The lower section of inner blower is provided with water collection sheet, and water collection sheet is located at the top of described spray equipment.
Further, the active as above and passive containment heat derives system combining, wherein, described
Rise and on pipeline section and decline pipeline section, normally opened containment isolating valve is set respectively outside containment.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：（1）Heat in containment is discharged using passive scheme, improves system
Inherent safety；（2）Water tank can be always after system puts into operation provides efficient cooling way, and water tank temperature is maintained
In reduced levels so that system is obtained in that higher natural-circulation capacity and heat extraction power, realize the permanently effective of containment
Decrease temperature and pressure；（3）System ensure that the long-term heat extraction of containment in the case of design basis and beyond design basis accident.Improve
The dependence to safe level power supply for traditional active security system nuclear power plant, improves the security of power plant；（4）Can significantly improve tight
Under weight accident, radioactive substance is to Environment release frequency（LERF）Probabilistic safety index；（5）Can be with automatic realizing system heat extraction
Ability and the power match of containment heat extraction demand, intelligentized regulation cooling effect, especially can provide bright at the accident initial stage
Aobvious higher heat removal capacity；（6）Making full use of of cooling agent in water tank can be realized, during for winning nonintervention after longer accident
Between provide equipment basis.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the Passive containment cooling system schematic diagram of U.S. AP1000；
Fig. 2 is the active and passive containment heat derives system structure diagram combining of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the present invention is described in detail.
The active and passive containment heat derives system combining that the present invention provides adopts passive technology, occurs
During station blackout, in the case of not having Operator actions, system automatically engages operation, realizes containment using Natural Circulation
Long-term heat extraction.Simultaneously by the way of active, after system puts into operation, provide effective cooling way for water tank.Containment
The heat extraction time can maintain more than 100 hours, can consider other moisturizings or heat extraction means after 100 hours.
As shown in Fig. 2 the active and passive containment heat derives system design combining adopts the work of Natural Circulation
Make mechanism.Heat exchanger 10 is set inside containment 9, water tank 6 is set outside containment 9, the position of described water tank 6 is high
In described heat exchanger 10, heat exchanger 10 is provided with rising pipeline section 7 and declines pipeline section 19, rises pipeline section 7 and declines on pipeline section 19 respectively
Normally opened containment isolating valve 8,20 is set outside containment, and water tank 6 bottom is passed through described decline pipeline section 19 and entered with heat exchanger 10
Mouth is connected.It is provided with above described water tank 6 and possess cooling, catchment and the spraying cooling of filtering function and liquid water collection system
System, described rising pipeline section 7 is connected with condenser 4 entrance of spraying cooling and liquid water collection system, the going out of described condenser 4
Mouth is connected with water tank with water mouth, is provided with spray equipment 13 above condenser 4.Using the heat exchanger 10 being arranged in containment 9, lead to
Cross the condensation in heat exchanger 10 heat-transfer pipe outside wall surface for the steam and the mode of convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, by hot and humid air in containment 9
Heat is taken out of, by declining pipeline section 19 and rising the natural circulation that the density contrast between pipeline section 7 is formed, changes heated
Heat in hot device 10 brings the condenser 4 outside containment 9 into.
Spraying cooling and liquid water collection system include being arranged on the drainage hood 3 of water tank 6 top, and the top of drainage hood 3 sets
There is blower fan 11, the bottom of drainage hood 3 is provided with air-vent 5, and described condenser 4 and spray equipment 13 are arranged on the interior of drainage hood 3
Portion, is provided with, in the lower section of described condenser 4, the evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate 17 connecting with water tank 6.It is provided with collection in the lower section of blower fan 11
Water plate 12, described water collection sheet 12 is located at the top of described spray equipment 13.
Spray equipment 13 is connected with water tank 6 by pipeline, using the cooling water in water tank 6 as spray water source, in described pipe
Line is provided with spray pump 16, non-return valve 15, spray pipe valve 14.Spray system extracts spray by spray pump 16 from water tank 6
Water, then condenser 4 surface is sprayed onto by the shower nozzle of spray equipment 13, turn after a part of spray droplet absorptive condenser 4 heat
Turn to steam, ambient air is entered by the swabbing action of blower fan 11（It is detained by water collection sheet 12 by the water droplet of entrainment with steam）；Separately
, in the form of aqueous water, again collected, by evaporating Water-collecting filtering plate 17 weight by the drop being detained together with water collection sheet 12 for a part
New remittance water tank 6, the Natural Circulation for maintaining system provides make-up water source.In Fig. 2,18 is liquid level position in water tank 6.
By the enhanced water evaporation cooling of spray droplet, the water in condenser 4 can be made significantly to be cooled down（Cooling 20-
40 degree）, thus the remittance water tank 6 with lower temperature.The position of water tank 6 is higher than heat exchanger 10, and water tank 6 bottom is passed through to decline
Pipeline section 19 is connected with heat exchanger 10 entrance, under gravity cooling agent can endlessly inject heat exchanger, to complete to hold
Continuous system band thermal cycle.Because system is driven by Natural Circulation, in containment 9, temperature is higher, heat exchanger 10 surface
Heat transfer intensity is bigger, and the water in heat-transfer pipe will obtain higher temperature, namely means that rising pipeline section 7 has less density；
And decline the water of pipeline section 19 due to being sufficiently cool, thus cause rising pipeline section 7 and decline bigger between pipeline section 19
Density contrast, then the bigger drive ram of system acquisition, brings stronger rate of circulating flow and bigger heat removal capacity, otherwise also
So.I.e. the heat removal capacity of system can realize the Auto-matching with heat extraction demand and balance.
The present invention is by the evaporation cooling effect of spray system so that the fluid in condenser 4 obtains abundant effective temperature-reducing.
By blower fan 11, drainage hood 3 and via particular design air-vent 5 so that evaporation rate is strengthened.By water collection sheet 12 He
The collecting action of evaporation Water-collecting filtering plate 17, it is to avoid the entrainment loss of drop is so that the cooling water in water tank 6 obtains sufficiently
Collect and utilize.By above-mentioned means so that the cooling agent of lower temperature can finally be collected by water tank 6, then promote and be
The raising of system heat removal capacity, and finally realize in containment 9 greatly decrease temperature and pressure, it is safer to be that nuclear power station provides
Effectively accident mitigation means.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the various changes and modification essence without deviating from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications to the present invention and modification belong to the model of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technology
Within enclosing, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and modification.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of active and passive containment heat derives system combining, including being arranged on internal the changing of containment (9)
Hot device (10) and the water tank (6) being arranged on containment (9) outside, the position of described water tank (6) is higher than described heat exchanger
(10), heat exchanger (10) is provided with rising pipeline section (7) and declines pipeline section (19), and described water tank (6) bottom is by described decline pipeline section
(19) be connected with heat exchanger (10) entrance it is characterised in that：Be provided with the top of described water tank (6) possess cooling, catchment and
The spraying cooling of filtering function and liquid water collection system, described rising pipeline section (7) and spraying cooling and liquid water collection system
Condenser (4) entrance be connected, the outlet of described condenser (4) is connected with water tank with water mouth, and condenser is provided with spray above (4)
Shower device (13)；Described spraying cooling and liquid water collection system include being arranged on the drainage hood (3) above water tank (6), draw
The top of stream cover (3) is provided with blower fan (11), and the bottom of drainage hood (3) is provided with air-vent (5), described condenser (4) and spray
Device (13) is arranged on the inside of drainage hood (3), is provided with, in the lower section of described condenser (4), the evaporation collection connecting with water tank (6)
Water filtration plate (17).
2. the active as claimed in claim 1 and passive containment heat derives system combining it is characterised in that：Described
Spray equipment (13) is connected with water tank (6) by pipeline, using the cooling water in water tank (6) as spray water source, in described pipeline
It is provided with spray pump (16), non-return valve (15), spray pipe valve (14).
3. the active as claimed in claim 1 and passive containment heat derives system combining it is characterised in that：Drawing
The lower section of stream cover (3) inner fan (11) is provided with water collection sheet (12), and water collection sheet (12) is located at the top of described spray equipment (13).
4. the active as claimed in claim 1 and passive containment heat derives system combining it is characterised in that：Institute
On the rising pipeline section (7) stated and decline pipeline section (19), normally opened containment isolating valve (8,20) is set respectively outside containment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410126426.1A CN103956195B (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Active and passive combination containment heat removal system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410126426.1A CN103956195B (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Active and passive combination containment heat removal system |
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| CN103956195A CN103956195A (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| CN103956195B true CN103956195B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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| CN201410126426.1A Active CN103956195B (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Active and passive combination containment heat removal system |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106296441B (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2022-06-07 | 国核华清（北京）核电技术研发中心有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for physical process failure of application passive system |
| CN105225708B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-06-23 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of Natural Circulation and forced circulation experimental loop system |
Citations (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5612982A (en) * | 1995-07-31 | 1997-03-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Nuclear power plant with containment cooling |
| CN202110832U (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Top-positioned type non-dynamic emergency waste heat discharging system for pressurized water reactor |
| CN102867550A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2013-01-09 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive heat removal device for dealing with station blackout accident |
| CN202887745U (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-04-17 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Active and passive combined safety shell heat extraction device |
| CN203323582U (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-12-04 | 吉林北沙制药有限公司 | Solvent cooling system applied to chemical production |
| CN103574805A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-02-12 | 西安工程大学 | Air-steam condensation system integrating evaporation cooling water chilling unit and evaporation-type condenser |
| CN203501837U (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2014-03-26 | 浦城正大生化有限公司 | Evaporative air cooler |
| CN203882628U (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-10-15 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Active-passive combination type containment heat energy leading-out system |
-
2014
- 2014-03-31 CN CN201410126426.1A patent/CN103956195B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5612982A (en) * | 1995-07-31 | 1997-03-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Nuclear power plant with containment cooling |
| CN202110832U (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Top-positioned type non-dynamic emergency waste heat discharging system for pressurized water reactor |
| CN102867550A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2013-01-09 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive heat removal device for dealing with station blackout accident |
| CN202887745U (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-04-17 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Active and passive combined safety shell heat extraction device |
| CN203323582U (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-12-04 | 吉林北沙制药有限公司 | Solvent cooling system applied to chemical production |
| CN203501837U (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2014-03-26 | 浦城正大生化有限公司 | Evaporative air cooler |
| CN103574805A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-02-12 | 西安工程大学 | Air-steam condensation system integrating evaporation cooling water chilling unit and evaporation-type condenser |
| CN203882628U (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-10-15 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Active-passive combination type containment heat energy leading-out system |
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| CN103956195A (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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