CN103934437B - Preparation method for primary-silicon-refinement high-silicon aluminum alloy rheological slurry - Google Patents
Preparation method for primary-silicon-refinement high-silicon aluminum alloy rheological slurry Download PDFInfo
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- CN103934437B CN103934437B CN201410129535.9A CN201410129535A CN103934437B CN 103934437 B CN103934437 B CN 103934437B CN 201410129535 A CN201410129535 A CN 201410129535A CN 103934437 B CN103934437 B CN 103934437B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for primary-silicon-refinement high-silicon aluminum alloy rheological slurry. The preparation method concretely comprises the steps that an aluminum alloy casting coating is smeared on the inner wall of a mechanical roller, dried and preheated; the tilt angle, relative to the ground horizontal line, of the mechanical roller is set to be 10 degrees-45 degrees, and the stirring rate is set to be 20 r/min-250 r/min; with the temperature of a high-silicon aluminum alloy melt kept at 30DEG C-50 DEG C above the liquid line, the high-silicon aluminum alloy melt is cast quickly into the mechanical roller and stirred to obtain the rheological slurry. The rheological slurry flowing out after being stirred is stored in a holding furnace, furnace temperature is kept at a superheat degree of 5 DEG C-15 DEG C above the liquid line, and immediately subsequent casting formation is performed on the rheological slurry within 10 seconds-20 seconds. The preparation method is short in treating process, high in efficiency and beneficial to industrial production. The prepared slurry can be made into castings with high surface smoothness and excellent mechanical properties by the adoption of high pressure, extrusion casting and other forming technologies, and therefore the slurry is an excellent choice for preparing high-quality high-silicon aluminum alloy and has huge market application potential.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Semi-Solid Metals Forming field, it is related to a kind of alusil alloy preparation method, particularly at the beginning of one kind
The preparation method of the silumin rheological slurry of raw silicon refinement.
Background technology
Aluminum takes up an area the 8.13wt% of shell total amount, is to store one of element the abundantest in metallic element.Aluminum and aluminium alloy tool
There is the features such as density is little, lightweight, specific strength is high, corrosion resistance is good, electrical and thermal conductivity is excellent, be to be widely used in reality
Nonferrous materials.With developing rapidly of the rise of crude oil price, the requirement of social enviroment protection and manufacturing technology, energy-conservation,
Under loss of weight, the requirement of environmental protection, the industrial circle material therefor such as transportation, Aero-Space increases light-weighted development, to reach
High-strength, efficient, energy-conservation purpose.Silumin is because proportion is little, hardness is high, wearability is good, cast form is good, size is steady
Qualitative high the advantages of, there are under materials'use low energy consumption, light-weighted requirement the larger potentiality replacing traditional ferrous materials, have
Prestige is widely used in the industry such as Aero-Space, automobile ship.In silumin, Si constituent content is generally in 18-30wt%
Between, its mechanical property and this element content in the alloy and pattern are closely related.With Si constituent content in aluminium alloy
Increase, five thick lobe starriness, en plaque, octahedra and other complex topography in the microstructure of alloy, would generally be formed
Primary silicon.What these complex-shaped, thick primary silicons were serious isolates alloy substrate.Under external force, local stress collection
In easily produce at the tip of thick primary silicon phase and property at parts of edges and corners, appreciable impact alloy plasticity and wearability, serious reduction is closed
Golden mechanical property.Additionally, the various parts that silumin manufactures are in process, firmly crisp thick primary silicon is easily subject to
Power is peeled off, and accelerates the abrasion of machine tool while reducing the fineness on machined part surface.In silumin
Thick primary silicon limits its range of application, therefore, the process for refining of silumin primary silicon, this series alloy is answered
With being significant with popularization.
Generally micronization processes are carried out to hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy primary silicon using superalloy method in commercial production, it is main
It is to reach refinement purpose by adding appropriate fining agent (such as phosphorus, the element such as rare earth) in the alloy.By to existing document
Retrieval finds, patent publication No. is that the Chinese patent of CN102417998A discloses a kind of hyper eutectic silicon micronization processes technique, should
Method exists certain thinning effect to the primary silicon of low Si content transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, but to the effect of high Si content not
Significantly problem.Additionally, the superalloy method being similar to this patented invention also has that action time is short, thinning effect is unstable etc. and lacks
Point is it is impossible to meet the requirement of refinement silumin primary silicon.It is partly solid that 20 century 70 Massachusetts Institute Technologies propose
State forming technique is passed through to apply external force during metal solid-liquid phase co-conversion, reduces processing temperature and flow of metal
Drag, provides new way for realizing complex-shaped, high accuracy foundry goods near-net-shape.Wherein mechanical mixing method passes through to solidification
During melt apply mechanical shear stress thus realizing the purpose of dendrite fragmentation, crystal grain refinement, be that semi-soild-state technology is most effective
One of method (as Chinese patent：Patent publication No. is CN2471450Y；Japan Patent：Patent No. 1-192447；The U.S. is special
Profit：Patent No. 3958650,5501266 and 5040589)；However, the relatively low process silicon that is suitable only for of these method stirring intensities contains
Measure relatively low hypoeutectic al-si alloy；Additionally, the alloy pulp of its single treatment is limited giving birth to it is difficult to meet commercial production seriality
Produce and require；Furthermore, its working environment needs to make slurry be in isothermal keeping warm mode, for nascent silicon growth offer bar advantageously
Part, it is unfavorable that it is refined.Therefore, the deficiency to silumin primary silicon thinning effect, the present invention for current industrial technology
Patent absorbs the feature of Semi-solid Stirring, and creative proposition semisolid machinery drum stirring technique refines silumin
Primary silicon the method preparing rheological slurry.
Content of the invention
Present invention aims to the current deficiency to silumin primary silicon thinning effect for the industrial technology, high silicon
Aluminium alloy primary silicon this problem thick, provides a kind of preparation method of the silumin rheological slurry of primary silicon refinement.This
Invention is processed by applying mechanical rheological to the melt near liquidus temperature, realizes melt Quench, improves the forming core of primary silicon
Rate, reaches the effect of refinement primary silicon；The introducing of another aspect rheology mechanical shear stress, the growth of primary silicon after solidification is separated out
Pattern has an immense impact on, and reaches broken dendrite, suppression primary silicon continued propagation, the purpose of crystal grain thinning, realizes the short period
Prepare the target of the silumin rheological slurry that nascent silicon crystal grain is tiny, edge is round and smooth.The method is simple for process, raw
Produce with low cost, primary silicon thinning effect is good, be the method for efficiently feasible refinement silumin primary silicon.
For realizing object above, the present invention solves its technical problem by following technical solution.
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the silumin rheological slurry of primary silicon refinement, methods described include as
Lower step：
A, aluminium alloy cast paint is applied on machinery drum inwall, dries, preheating；
B, setting machinery drum are 10 °～45 ° relative to the horizontal inclination angle in ground, and mixing speed is set to 20～250r/
min；
C, made according to different Si contents silumin melt temperature be maintained at 30～50 DEG C of more than its liquidus curve, quickly pour
Note enters machinery drum, stirring, obtains final product the silumin rheological slurry of described primary silicon refinement.
Preferably, in step A, the temperature of described preheating is 200～300 DEG C.
Preferably, in step C, described silumin melt processes through following steps and obtains：
A, by silumin masterbatch melt；
B, according to different Si contents, the melt temperature obtaining after being melted down is higher than to be sufficiently stirred at 50～70 DEG C of its liquidus curve
Make alloying component uniformly, subsequently stand 10～20 minutes；
C, drops to 20～30 DEG C of refines of more than liquidus curve in melt temperature, subsequently insulation carry out within 5～15 minutes being sufficiently stirred for,
Skim, relief melt stands 15～25 minutes, you can.
It is highly preferred that in step a, described fusing is specially：The preheating of silumin masterbatch is reached for 1.5～2.5 hours
Melted using industrial furnace after 150～200 DEG C.
Preferably, in step C, in described silumin, Si content is 18～30wt%, and corresponding liquidus temperature is
680～820 DEG C.
Preferably, in step C, the described rheological slurry flowing out after mechanical drum agitation is stored in holding furnace, and furnace temperature is protected
Hold 5～15 DEG C of degrees of superheat on described liquidus curve.
It is highly preferred that described rheological slurry entered post forming operation after entering holding furnace immediately in 10～20 seconds.
It is further preferred that described post forming operation includes cast prepares extruding, forging or roll forming after ingot casting, or
It is direct cast form.
The working mechanism of the present invention is：Silumin primary silicon separates out when melt cooling is to liquidus curve, with
Facet form is grown to irregular polygon block.When primary silicon separates out, it is applied with mechanical shear stress, on the one hand
Realize melt Quench, reach the effect of refinement primary silicon；On the other hand it is stirred vigorously the primary silicon generation to firm crystallization strong
Shear action, so as to the dendrite that growth process produces is crushed, realizes further refinement.In order to meet to silumin
The requirement of strong mechanical performance, the advantage making full use of semi-solid state forming technique, patent of the present invention absorbs Semi-solid Stirring
Feature, creative proposes the method that Semi-solid Stirring technique refines silumin primary silicon and prepares rheological slurry.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
The silumin primary silicon refinement of the present invention and its rheological slurry preparation method, by separating out the initial stage in primary silicon
It is applied with mechanical shear stress and realizes melt Quench, reach thinning effect.Additionally, strong stirring is to the life after primary silicon crystallization
Long pattern produces impact, and the dendrite of primary silicon obtains broken realization and refines further.Furthermore, this method prepares primary silicon refinement
Rheological slurry does not need to add extra Refining Elements, and rheology processing procedure is short, efficiency high, is very beneficial to commercial production,
It is high, good mechanical performance that the slurry preparing can prepare surface smoothness using forming techniques such as high pressure, extrusion casints
Foundry goods, is the splendid selection preparing high-quality silumin, has huge market application potential.
Brief description
The detailed description with reference to the following drawings, non-limiting example made by reading, the further feature of the present invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is the microstructure morphology without Semi-solid Material Processing direct-water-quenching for the Al-18Si alloy；
Fig. 2 is the microstructure morphology after the Al-18Si alloy rheological slurry water quenching after processing through rheology；
Fig. 3 is the microstructure morphology without Semi-solid Material Processing direct-water-quenching for the Al-30Si alloy；
Fig. 4 is the microstructure morphology after the Al-30Si alloy rheological slurry water quenching after processing through rheology.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will be helpful to this area
Technical staff further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that it is general to this area
For logical technical staff, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deformation can also be made and improve.These broadly fall into
Protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention using machinery rolling mix process refinement silumin primary silicon phase and prepares its rheological slurry.
Machinery drum toward high-speed rotation pours into a mould the silumin melt of 30～50 DEG C of degrees of superheat, and melt is in inner wall of rotary drum
A large amount of primary silicon nucleus are produced under chilling action.Nucleus comes off from inwall under cylinder shear action, is free on alloy melt,
Improve nascent nucleation rate so as to reach thinning effect.Continue strong drum agitation, to the primary silicon just having separated out from melt
Suppression and fragmentation are played in growth.The primary silicon just having separated out, is subject to lasting shear action in high-temperature fusant, its growth
Phase boundray forward position stress crushes and tends to smooth, favourable to post forming mechanical castings.Process through mechanical agitation, Quench
The tiny silumin rheological slurry of primary silicon is successfully prepared in comprehensive function with shearing.
The silumin primary silicon refinement of the present invention and its preparation method of rheological slurry, its be applied to Si content 18～
The alusil alloy of 30wt%, including the routine melting of front road and follow-up rheology treatment process.
Described smelting technology process is as follows：
The preheating of each alloy masterbatch is reached 150～200 DEG C in 2 hours, will be closed using crucible electrical resistance furnace or other industrial furnace
Gold fusing.After alloy melting, melt temperature is higher than that (silumin is with Si content difference liquidus curve temperature for 50～70 DEG C of liquidus curve
Degree changes greatly, and its liquidus temperature range of alusil alloy of Si content 18～30wt% is 680～820 DEG C.) under be sufficiently stirred for
Make alloying component uniformly, subsequently standing 15 minutes.Make melt temperature drop to 20～30 DEG C of refines of more than liquidus curve, be subsequently incubated 10
Minute carries out being sufficiently stirred for, skims, and relief melt stands 20 minutes.
Follow-up rheology treatment process comprises the following steps：
(1) machinery drum preheating：Uniform application aluminium alloy cast paint in machinery drum, dries, cylinder is preheated to
200～300 DEG C it is ensured that be dried；
(2) rheology micronization processes：Silumin is melted, makes its melt temperature be maintained at liquid phase according to different Si contents
More than line 30～50 DEG C, machinery drum is quickly delivered into by quantitative pouring system.Machinery drum inclination angle (the surface water relatively
Horizontal line) it is set between 10～45 °, mixing speed is 20～250r/min；
(3) slurry storage and shaping：Load the high silicon flowing out after drum agitation with the holding furnace of a temperature control
Aluminium alloy rheological slurry, insulation furnace temperature is maintained at 5～15 DEG C of degrees of superheat according to the high-silicon alloy of different Si contents.High sial closes
Golden rheological slurry can not be long in the holding furnace standing time of staying, needs to be transported in 10～20 seconds to deliver into follow-up height
The forming processes such as pressure, low pressure, extrusion casint.Silumin rheological slurry is except cast form it is also possible to select directly to pour into a mould
Enter cast metals mould and prepare alloy cast ingot, subsequently carry out extruding, the plastic working operation such as forge, roll.
With Al-18Si and Al-30Si alloy, for embodiment, the present invention is described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
The refinement of Al-18Si alloy primary silicon and the preparation of rheological slurry.Alloy is melted in crucible electrical resistance furnace, in 780
DEG C refinery by de-gassing, stands 10 minutes, subsequently melt temperature is dropped to 760 DEG C.Set machinery drum inclination angle as 45 °, rotating speed is
100r/min, preheating inner wall of rotary drum is to 300 DEG C.Alloy melt after refine is poured into a mould entrance machinery drum at 760 DEG C carry out
Rheology is processed, and the melt after process directly enters water quenching for structure observation.Fig. 1 show Al-18Si alloy without semisolid
Process the microstructure of direct-water-quenching, Fig. 2 be processed using the inventive method after microcosmic group after this alloy rheological slurry water quenching
Knit.From Fig. 1,2 it is apparent that after processed by the invention, the primary silicon size of Al-18Si alloy obtains significantly thin
Change, crystal edge corner angle are more round and smooth, are especially suitable for follow-up casting forming.
Embodiment 2
The refinement of Al-18Si alloy primary silicon and the preparation of rheological slurry.Alloy is melted in crucible electrical resistance furnace, in 778
DEG C refinery by de-gassing, stands 10 minutes, subsequently melt temperature is dropped to 760 DEG C.Set machinery drum inclination angle as 10 °, rotating speed is
20r/min, preheating inner wall of rotary drum is to 300 DEG C.Alloy melt after refine is poured into a mould entrance machinery drum at 760 DEG C flowed
Change is processed, the melt rheo-die-casting molding after process, you can obtain silumin foundry goods.
Embodiment 3
The refinement of Al-30Si alloy primary silicon and the preparation of rheological slurry.Alloy is melted in crucible electrical resistance furnace, in 880
DEG C refinery by de-gassing, stands 15 minutes, subsequently melt temperature is dropped to 860 DEG C.Set machinery drum inclination angle as 30 °, rotating speed is
30r/min, preheating inner wall of rotary drum is to 300 DEG C.Alloy melt after refine is poured into a mould entrance machinery drum at 860 DEG C flowed
Change is processed, and the melt after process directly enters water quenching for structure observation.Fig. 3 show Al-30Si alloy without semisolid at
The microstructure of reason direct-water-quenching, Fig. 4 be processed using the inventive method after microstructure after this alloy rheological slurry water quenching.
From Fig. 3,4 it is apparent that after processed by the invention, the primary silicon size of Al-30Si alloy is significantly refined, brilliant
Grain edge corner angle are more round and smooth, are especially suitable for follow-up casting forming.
Embodiment 4
The refinement of Al-30Si alloy primary silicon and the preparation of rheological slurry.Alloy is melted in crucible electrical resistance furnace, in 880
DEG C refinery by de-gassing, stands 15 minutes, subsequently melt temperature is dropped to 860 DEG C.Set machinery drum inclination angle as 45 °, rotating speed is
250r/min, preheating inner wall of rotary drum is to 300 DEG C.Alloy melt after refine is poured into a mould entrance machinery drum at 860 DEG C carry out
Rheology is processed, the melt rheo-die-casting molding after process, you can obtain silumin foundry goods.
Above the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or modification within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of silumin rheological slurry of primary silicon refinement preparation method it is characterised in that methods described include as
Lower step：
A, aluminium alloy cast paint is applied on machinery drum inwall, dries, preheating；
B, setting machinery drum are 30 °～45 ° relative to the horizontal inclination angle in ground, and mixing speed is set to 30～250r/min；
C, silumin melt temperature is made to be maintained at 860 DEG C according to different Si contents, Quick pouring enters machinery drum, stirs
Mix, obtain final product the silumin rheological slurry of described primary silicon refinement；
In step A, the temperature of described preheating is 300 DEG C；
In step C, in described silumin, Si content is 30wt%, and corresponding liquidus temperature is 820 DEG C；From machinery drum
The described rheological slurry flowing out after stirring is stored in holding furnace, and furnace temperature is maintained at 5～15 DEG C of degrees of superheat on described liquidus curve.
2. the preparation method of the silumin rheological slurry of primary silicon refinement as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that walk
In rapid C, described silumin melt processes through following steps and obtains：
A, by silumin masterbatch melt；
B, according to different Si contents, the melt temperature obtaining after being melted down is higher than to be sufficiently stirred for making conjunction at 50～70 DEG C of its liquidus curve
Golden composition uniformly, subsequently stands 10～20 minutes；
C, drops to 20～30 DEG C of refines of more than liquidus curve in melt temperature, and subsequently insulation carries out being sufficiently stirred for, takes off for 5～15 minutes
Slag, relief melt stand 15～25 minutes, you can.
3. the preparation method of the silumin rheological slurry of primary silicon refinement as claimed in claim 2 is it is characterised in that walk
In rapid a, described fusing is specially：The preheating of silumin masterbatch is reached after 150～200 DEG C using industry for 1.5～2.5 hours
Electric furnace is melted.
4. the preparation method of the silumin rheological slurry of primary silicon as claimed in claim 1 refinement is it is characterised in that institute
State and after rheological slurry enters holding furnace, enter post forming operation immediately in 10～20 seconds.
5. the preparation method of the silumin rheological slurry of primary silicon as claimed in claim 4 refinement is it is characterised in that institute
State post forming operation to include extruding after ingot casting is prepared in cast, forge or roll forming, or direct cast form.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410129535.9A CN103934437B (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2014-04-01 | Preparation method for primary-silicon-refinement high-silicon aluminum alloy rheological slurry |
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| CN201410129535.9A CN103934437B (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2014-04-01 | Preparation method for primary-silicon-refinement high-silicon aluminum alloy rheological slurry |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104831132B (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-08-01 | 云南永昌硅业股份有限公司 | Silumin and preparation method thereof |
| CN109079110B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-09-25 | 福建省杰豪半固态泵压科技有限责任公司 | Process and equipment for discontinuously preparing liquid or semisolid high-silicon aluminum alloy |
| CN110724858A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-24 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy semi-solid slurry or blank |
| CN110616355A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-27 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of high-silicon aluminum alloy rheological slurry |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2788788B1 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2002-02-15 | Pechiney Aluminium | HYPEREUTECTIC ALUMINUM-SILICON ALLOY PRODUCT FOR SHAPING IN SEMI-SOLID CONDITION |
| CN1156350C (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2004-07-07 | 北京科技大学 | Process and equipment for preparing semi-solid-state metal slurry in spherical primary crystal or raw material for conticasting |
| CN2471450Y (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-01-16 | 华中科技大学 | Apparatus for preparing semi-solid metal slurry |
| CN102240796B (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-08-21 | 大连理工大学 | Semisolid alloy forming process and forming device used by same |
| CN103381471B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2015-10-14 | 上海交通大学 | The preparation method of nearly cocrystallized Al-Si alloy semi solid slurry or blank |
| CN103381472B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | The preparation method of Hypereutectic Al-Si Semi-solid Alloy Slurry or blank |
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