CN103907441A - Tobacco fertilization method capable of conserving tobacco-planting soil - Google Patents
Tobacco fertilization method capable of conserving tobacco-planting soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103907441A CN103907441A CN201410157263.3A CN201410157263A CN103907441A CN 103907441 A CN103907441 A CN 103907441A CN 201410157263 A CN201410157263 A CN 201410157263A CN 103907441 A CN103907441 A CN 103907441A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tobacco fertilization method capable of conserving tobacco-planting soil. The tobacco fertilization method is characterized by comprising the following steps: a, fertilizing base fertilizer; b, transplanting; c, further applying seedling fertilizer; d, further applying potash fertilizer; and e, carrying out field management measures. By adopting the tobacco fertilization method capable of conserving the tobacco-planting soil, the volume weight, overall porosity, capillary porosity and aeration porosity of the soil are reduced, so that the capillary moisture capacity and moisture content of the tobacco-planting soil are increased, the quantity of microbes in the soil is increased, the pathogenic bacteria of tobacco bacterial wilt are reduced, and the yield, output value, average price and high and medium tobacco rate of tobacco are obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tobacco fertilizing method that tobacco-growing soil is played to child care effect.
Background technology
Tobacco leaf is one of the Main Economic crop in mountain area, tobacco grower falls this in order to subtract work, upgrading synergy, the economic benefit of kind of cigarette covets, ignore the child care of tobacco-growing soil soil fertility, in leaf tobacco production, only use for a long time chemical fertilizer, cause cigarette district soil compaction, acidifying, granular structure to destroy, tilth is poor, nutrient dificiency in soil or the phenomenon such as unbalanced.Soil environment after bad change is unfavorable for the normal growth of cigarette strain, causes tobacco diseases to aggravate simultaneously, and is day by day serious trend, and the degeneration of tobacco-growing soil has become one of bottleneck problem in sustainable development of leaf tobacco production.
At present because tobacco-growing soil exists long-term high strength utilization and the excessive use of chemical fertilizer,, the soil acidification unbalance with soil nutrient, harmful substance accumulation, the bio-diversity decline that cause, cigarette strain is grown and is obstructed, and rhizome portion disease increases the weight of, and quality of tobacco declines.
For to tobacco-growing soil child care, improve the productivity of tobacco-growing soil, improve tobacco production and value amount, the research of tobacco-growing soil child care technology also has made great progress, integrated many nursing methods, such as turning over, enrich farmyard manure, crop rotation, straw-returning, green manure can effectively improve soil aggregate, increase soil permeability and bio-diversity, progressively improve P in soil H, but in the stalk, green manure and the farmyard manure that use, do not reduce the consumption that chemistry is fertile, do not drop into and reduce, increase on the contrary the amount of labour used, cause time method tobacco grower not receive and apply.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention has been to provide a kind of tobacco fertilizing method that tobacco-growing soil is played to child care effect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of tobacco fertilizing method that tobacco-growing soil is played to child care effect, it is characterized in that containing following steps: a. basal dressing: in tobacco transplant first 20 days, on soil after smooth, ditch, ditch interval 120 ㎝, ditch depth 10-15 ㎝, furrow width 8-10 ㎝, mixes rear row replacement at bottom of trench by fertilizer, then ridging; Use biological organic fertilizer 150-210kg, fertilizer special for tobacco 20-28kg, potassium sulfate 9.5-13.3kg and superphosphate 25-38kg for every mu; B. transplant: require to transplant according to sound tobacco field management technical regulation; C. impose and carry seed manure: transplant 7 days, make a call to the dark hole of topdressing, 15 ㎝ left and right apart from cigarette strain 15-20cm place, 4.4-6.2kg/ mu ammonium nitrate is watered and is applied, after fertilising with the tight fertilizer applying hole of grave; D. impose potash fertilizer: transplant 30 days, impose potash fertilizer in conjunction with taking off film, on same ridge, in the middle of two cigarette strains, beat diameter 10 ㎝, the hole of dark 10-15cm, potassium sulfate 7.5-10.5kg/ mu is applied, and earth up: e field management measure: require to carry out according to sound tobacco field management technical regulation.
A kind of tobacco fertilizing method that tobacco-growing soil is played to child care effect of the present invention, is characterized in that described fertilizer special for tobacco is that Hubei Xiang Qing chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd produces, wherein total nutrient>=40%, N:P
2o
5: K
2o=10:10:20; Described tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer is that Exi Cigarette Materials Factory produces, the wherein content of organic matter>=45%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=5%.
A kind of tobacco fertilizing method that tobacco-growing soil is played to child care effect of the present invention, has reduced the bulk density of soil, has improved soil porosity, soil capillary porosity and soil aeration porosity, and the soil capillary moisture capacity of tobacco-growing soil and soil water content are increased; Micro organism quantity in soil is increased, the pathogen that has reduced tobacco bacterial wilt; Output, the output value, average price and the upper cigarette rate of tobacco leaf are obviously improved.
The invention solves land used and increase soil fertility between contradiction, promoted good soil structure form, improved edaphon fungus strain, increased diversity of soil microorganism; And making tobacco-growing soil obtain child care, quality of tobacco can promote steadily.
The present invention is based upon on the basis that amount of nitrogen is consistent, and adopts biological organic fertilizer to substitute the tobacco-growing soil child care fertilizing method of 30% chemical nitrogen fertilizer.It is applicable to the healthy tobacco-growing soil child care of tobacco, can improve soil physical and chemical property, increases diversity of soil microorganism, improves tobacco production and value amount, reduces disease and occurs.
The present invention is by adopting biological organic fertilizer to substitute the fertilization mode of 30% chemical nitrogen fertilizer.Solved land used and increase soil fertility between contradiction, promoted good soil structure form, improved edaphon fungus strain, increased diversity of soil microorganism; And making tobacco-growing soil obtain child care, quality of tobacco can promote steadily.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of tobacco fertilizing method that tobacco-growing soil is played to child care effect of the present invention, contains following steps: a. basal dressing: in tobacco transplant first 20 days, on the soil after smooth, ditch, ditch interval 120 ㎝, ditch depth 10-15 ㎝, furrow width 8-10 ㎝, fertilizer is mixed to rear row replacement at bottom of trench, then ridging; Use biological organic fertilizer 150-210kg, fertilizer special for tobacco 20-28kg, potassium sulfate 9.5-13.3kg and superphosphate 25-38kg for every mu; B. transplant: require to transplant according to sound tobacco field management technical regulation; C. impose and carry seed manure: transplant 7 days, make a call to the dark hole of topdressing, 15 ㎝ left and right apart from cigarette strain 15-20cm place, 4.4-6.2kg/ mu ammonium nitrate is watered and is applied, after fertilising with the tight fertilizer applying hole of grave; D. impose potash fertilizer: transplant 30 days, impose potash fertilizer in conjunction with taking off film, on same ridge, in the middle of two cigarette strains, beat diameter 10 ㎝, the hole of dark 10-15cm, potassium sulfate 7.5-10.5kg/ mu is applied, and earth up: e field management measure: require to carry out according to sound tobacco field management technical regulation.Fertilizer special for tobacco is that Hubei Xiang Qing chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd produces, wherein total nutrient>=40%, N:P
2o
5: K
2o=10:10:20; Tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer is that Exi Cigarette Materials Factory produces, the wherein content of organic matter>=45%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=5%.
Embodiment 2
2013 in 500 mu of Yuan Bao town, Lichuan City demonstrations, wherein 50 mu of conventional fertilizer application technology; This regional soil is yellowish soil, and fertility is high, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and illumination condition is good, baking very well equipped, traffic convenience.
1, basal dressing: April 5, on the soil after smooth, ditch, ditch interval 120 ㎝, ditch depth 10-15 ㎝, furrow width 8-10 ㎝, will mix rear row application at bottom of trench, then ridging; Every mu of biological organic fertilizer 150kg/ mu, fertilizer special for tobacco 20kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 9.5kg/ mu and superphosphate 25kg/ mu.
2, impose and carry seed manure: May 3, make a call to the dark hole of topdressing, 15 ㎝ left and right apart from cigarette strain 15-20cm place, by ammonium nitrate 4.4kg/ mu, be watered and apply, after fertilising with the tight fertilizer applying hole of grave.
3, impose potash fertilizer: May 30, impose potash fertilizer in conjunction with taking off film, beat diameter 10 ㎝ on same ridge in the middle of two cigarette strains, the hole of dark 10-15cm, applies potassium sulfate 9.5kg/ mu, and earth up.
Embodiment 3
2013 in 1000 mu of Xuanen Xiao Guan demonstrations, wherein 100 mu of conventional fertilizer application technology; This regional soil is yellowish soil, middle fertility, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and illumination condition is good, baking very well equipped, traffic convenience.
1, basal dressing: April 1, on the soil after smooth, ditch, ditch interval 120 ㎝, ditch depth 10-15 ㎝, furrow width 8-10 ㎝, will mix rear row application at bottom of trench, then ridging; Execute biological organic fertilizer 180kg/ mu, fertilizer special for tobacco 24kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 11.4kg/ mu and superphosphate 21.3kg/ mu for every mu.
2, impose and carry seed manure: May 2, make a call to the dark hole of topdressing, 15 ㎝ left and right apart from cigarette strain 15-20cm place, by remaining 30% nitrogenous fertilizer ammonium nitrate (containing N34%) 5.3kg/ mu, be watered and apply, after fertilising with the tight fertilizer applying hole of grave.
3, impose potash fertilizer: May 25, impose potash fertilizer in conjunction with taking off film, beat diameter 10 ㎝ on same ridge in the middle of two cigarette strains, the hole of dark 10-15cm, applies potassium sulfate 9kg/ mu, and earth up.
Embodiment 4
Within 2013, branch off 1500 mu of Xiao Guan demonstrations, wherein 50 mu of conventional fertilizer application technology at Enshi City three; This regional soil is yellowish soil, and fertility is lower, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and illumination condition is good, baking very well equipped, traffic convenience.
Take the low fertile soil that waits as example.
1, basal dressing: April 6, on the soil after smooth, ditch, ditch interval 120 ㎝, ditch depth 10-15 ㎝, furrow width 8-10 ㎝, will mix rear row application at bottom of trench, then ridging; Every mu of base fertilizer of using is biological organic fertilizer 210kg/ mu, fertilizer special for tobacco (N:P:K=10:10:20) 28kg/ mu, potassium sulfate (containing K50%) 13.3kg/ mu and superphosphate 29.8kg/ mu.
2, impose and carry seed manure: May 3, make a call to the dark hole of topdressing, 15 ㎝ left and right apart from cigarette strain 15-20cm place, ammonium nitrate 6.2kg/ mu be watered and applied, after fertilising with the tight fertilizer applying hole of grave.
3, impose potash fertilizer: May 26, impose potash fertilizer in conjunction with taking off film, beat diameter 10 ㎝ on same ridge in the middle of two cigarette strains, the hole of dark 10-15cm, applies potassium sulfate 10.5kg/ mu, and earth up.
Implementation result is in table 1, table 2 and table 3
The impact of table 1 Different Fertilization mode on tobacco-growing soil physical behavior
The impact of table 2 Different Fertilization mode on tobacco-growing soil biomass
The impact of table 3 Different Fertilization mode on tobacco production and value amount
What table 1, table 2 and table 3 showed is the embodiment of the present invention and the comparable situation of conventional fertilizer application method to tobacco-growing soil physical behavior, tobacco-growing soil biomass and tobacco production and value amount.As can be seen from Table 1, this fertilizer practice has reduced the bulk density of soil, has improved soil porosity, soil capillary porosity and soil aeration porosity, and the soil capillary moisture capacity of tobacco-growing soil and soil water content are increased; As can be seen from Table 2, this fertilizer practice increases the micro organism quantity in soil, the pathogen that has reduced tobacco bacterial wilt; As can be seen from Table 3, use after the technology of the present invention, output, the output value, average price and the upper cigarette rate of tobacco leaf are obviously improved.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is played the tobacco fertilizing method of child care effect to tobacco-growing soil, it is characterized in that containing following steps: a. basal dressing: in tobacco transplant first 20 days, on soil after smooth, ditch, ditch interval 120 ㎝, ditch depth 10-15 ㎝, furrow width 8-10 ㎝, mixes rear row replacement at bottom of trench by fertilizer, then ridging; Use biological organic fertilizer 150-210kg, fertilizer special for tobacco 20-28kg, potassium sulfate 9.5-13.3kg and superphosphate 25-38kg for every mu; B. transplant: require to transplant according to sound tobacco field management technical regulation; C. impose and carry seed manure: transplant 7 days, make a call to the dark hole of topdressing, 15 ㎝ left and right apart from cigarette strain 15-20cm place, 4.4-6.2kg/ mu ammonium nitrate is watered and is applied, after fertilising with the tight fertilizer applying hole of grave; D. impose potash fertilizer: transplant 30 days, impose potash fertilizer in conjunction with taking off film, on same ridge, in the middle of two cigarette strains, beat diameter 10 ㎝, the hole of dark 10-15cm, potassium sulfate 7.5-10.5kg/ mu is applied, and earth up: e field management measure: require to carry out according to sound tobacco field management technical regulation.
2. according to a kind of tobacco fertilizing method that tobacco-growing soil is played to child care effect claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described fertilizer special for tobacco is that Hubei Xiang Qing chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd produces, wherein total nutrient>=40%, N:P
2o
5: K
2o=10:10:20; Described tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer is that Exi Cigarette Materials Factory produces, the wherein content of organic matter>=45%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=5%.
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| CN201410157263.3A CN103907441A (en) | 2014-04-18 | 2014-04-18 | Tobacco fertilization method capable of conserving tobacco-planting soil |
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| CN201410157263.3A CN103907441A (en) | 2014-04-18 | 2014-04-18 | Tobacco fertilization method capable of conserving tobacco-planting soil |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105284262A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-02-03 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco fertilizing method for Yunyan87 |
| CN106471982A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-08 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Take into account soil quality and improve the tobacco cultivation fertilizing method improving with quality of tobacco |
| CN107409662A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-12-01 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of alternating method for reducing the tobacco bacterial wilt incidence of disease |
| CN109042208A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-21 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | A kind of cultural method promoting root system development tobacco growth early period |
| CN109601091A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-04-12 | 湖北省烟草公司襄阳市公司 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco potash fertilizer topdressing method and top dressing device |
| CN109892189A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-06-18 | 谭军 | A kind of tobacco-growing soil ecological nursing method under cigarette potato intercropping and interplanting mode |
| CN113213996A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-08-06 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Root promoting agent for promoting growth of cigar root system and preparation and use methods thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105284262A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-02-03 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco fertilizing method for Yunyan87 |
| CN106471982A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-08 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Take into account soil quality and improve the tobacco cultivation fertilizing method improving with quality of tobacco |
| CN107409662A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-12-01 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of alternating method for reducing the tobacco bacterial wilt incidence of disease |
| CN107409662B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2020-07-03 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Crop rotation method for reducing incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt |
| CN109042208A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-21 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | A kind of cultural method promoting root system development tobacco growth early period |
| CN109601091A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-04-12 | 湖北省烟草公司襄阳市公司 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco potash fertilizer topdressing method and top dressing device |
| CN109892189A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-06-18 | 谭军 | A kind of tobacco-growing soil ecological nursing method under cigarette potato intercropping and interplanting mode |
| CN113213996A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-08-06 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Root promoting agent for promoting growth of cigar root system and preparation and use methods thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140709 |
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