CN103881761B - A kind of coal pyrolytic gasified multi-joint-production apparatus based on circulating fluidized bed and technique - Google Patents
A kind of coal pyrolytic gasified multi-joint-production apparatus based on circulating fluidized bed and technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of coal pyrolytic gasified multi-joint-production apparatus based on circulating fluidized bed and technique, by circular fluid bed and moving-bed pyrolysis of coal reactor and moving-bed coal gasifier organic coupling, the high-temp circulating ash of circular fluid bed is utilized in moving bed pyrolysis reactor, to carry out pyrolysis to the high volatile coal from coal bunker as thermal barrier, the semicoke that pyrolysis produces is isolated pyrolysis reactor, enter moving-bed gasification furnace gas, moving-bed gasification stove is as the refining plant of pyrolysis coal gas simultaneously, plays the effect to the online dedusting of pyrolysis coal gas.Activated coke after gasification discharges reactive system as by product.Like this, by the organic assembling of pyrolysis-gasification-burning three phases, the Interest frequency achieving coal resources utilizes, and can carry out the combination producing of heat, electricity, tar, coal gas, activated coke, achieve the object of gasification gas, pyrolysis coal gas high-efficient purification simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pyrolysis, gasification, burning combination coal classified utilization device and technique, particularly a kind of device and technique that can realize heat, electricity, tar, coal gas and activated coke combination producing.
Background technology
Rich coal resources in China, within 2012, coal in China output reaches 3,600,000,000 tons, and wherein about 80% for direct burning.Directly burnt by coal and there is the problems such as efficiency of combustion is low, seriously polluted, the new technology therefore developing coal high-efficiency comprehensive utilization and low pollution emission is extremely urgent.From the reactivity of coal, will take coal as multiple production technique organic coupling of raw material, realize staged conversion and utilization, resources and environment problem can be solved better.
Based on circulating fluidized bed combustion, utilize the high-temp circulating ash of circular fluid bed as thermal barrier, coal is carried out pyrolysis, obtain coal gas and tar, pyrolysis char sends into circulating fluidized bed combustion generating again, and this technique circular fluid bed and coal heat decomposition stove being combined by-product gas and tar has achieved certain successful experience.But because circulating ash granularity is little in actual procedure, therefore there is pyrolysis dust content of gas high, easily cause line clogging and dust-laden tar to be difficult to the problems such as utilization, and purifying treatment is difficult, is industry difficult point urgently to be resolved hurrily always.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of coal pyrolytic gasified multi-joint-production apparatus based on circulating fluidized bed and technique.
The technology used in the present invention solution is:
A kind of coal pyrolytic gasified multi-joint-production apparatus based on circulating fluidized bed, comprise circular fluid bed, moving bed pyrolysis reactor and moving-bed gasification stove, the bottom of circular fluid bed connects the first coal bunker by the first coal chute, the top of circular fluid bed connects moving bed pyrolysis reactor, the top of moving bed pyrolysis reactor connects the second coal bunker by the second coal chute, the top of moving bed pyrolysis reactor connects moving-bed gasification stove by gas conveying tube road, the bottom of moving bed pyrolysis reactor connects the first sifter, under the sieve of the first sifter, space connects circular fluid bed by pipeline, on the sieve of the first sifter, space is connected by the top of pipeline with moving-bed gasification stove, the top of moving-bed gasification stove connects cyclonic separator, the bottom of moving-bed gasification stove connects air input passageway and water vapour intake line, the bottom of moving-bed gasification stove connects the second sifter, under the sieve of the second sifter, space connects circular fluid bed by pipeline, spatial joins vent pipe on the sieve of the second sifter.
Preferably, described cyclonic separator comprises housing, the side, top of housing is provided with dusty gas entrance, the central upper portion of housing is provided with pipe core, the bottom of housing is provided with material outlet, dusty gas entrance is connected with moving-bed gasification stove by admission passage, material outlet is connected with moving-bed gasification stove by revert pipe, the upper port of pipe core is purified gas outlet, connecting pipeline between the first sifter and moving-bed gasification stove is provided with semicoke divider, semicoke divider also connects the pipe core of cyclonic separator by a pipeline.
Preferably, the aperture of described first sifter and the inner sieve plate of the second sifter is 1-10mm.
Based on a coal pyrolytic gasified multi-production process for circulating fluidized bed, step is as follows:
(1) low grade coal or low-volatile coal enter burning in circulating fluid bed boiler from the first coal bunker by the first coal chute, and the high-temp circulating ash that burning is formed is delivered to moving bed pyrolysis reactor as thermal barrier;
(2) high volatile coal (granularity < 30mm) enters moving bed pyrolysis reactor from the second coal bunker by the second coal chute, in moving bed pyrolysis reactor, high-temp circulating ash carries out pyrolysis to high volatile coal, obtains pyrolysis coal gas and solid product;
(3) pyrolysis coal gas sends into moving-bed gasification stove through gas conveying tube road, solid product enters the first sifter from moving bed pyrolysis reactor bottom, screening process is carried out in the first sifter, circulating ash under sieve and powdery semicoke enter burning in circulating fluid bed boiler by pipeline, and the granular carbocoal on sieve enters semicoke divider;
(4) granular carbocoal is after semicoke divider distributes, and wherein a part enters moving-bed gasification stove by pipeline, and another part enters the pipe core of cyclonic separator by pipeline;
(5) granular carbocoal in moving-bed gasification stove and pyrolysis coal gas convective motion is entered, granular carbocoal carries out rough purification to pyrolysis coal gas, simultaneously moving-bed gasification stove passes into air respectively by air input passageway and water vapour intake line and water vapour carries out gasification reaction, produce synthetic gas, the pyrolysis coal gas after rough purification and synthetic gas enter cyclonic separator jointly;
(6) pyrolysis coal gas and synthetic gas proceed centrifugal purification in cyclonic separator, pipe core again by cyclonic separator after purification, the granular carbocoal piled up in pipe core carries out further filtration, purification to pyrolysis coal gas and synthetic gas, thus complete deep purifying, obtain clean pyrolysis coal gas and synthetic gas, reclaim coal tar through cooling, electrically trapped tar oil technique again, non-condensable gases can use as combustion gas or synthetic gas after desulfurization;
(7) revert pipe that the isolated grit of cyclonic separator and the granular carbocoal in cyclonic separator pipe core are connected through bottom in the lump circulates and is delivered in moving-bed gasification stove;
(8) solids in moving-bed gasification stove enters sifter and carries out screening process from bottom, sieve obtains active carbocoal, is derived by pipeline, the powdery semicoke under sieve and dust are sent circular fluid bed by the road back to and burnt.
Preferably, controlling moving bed pyrolysis temperature of reactor is 400-700 DEG C, and moving-bed gasification furnace temperature is 700-1100 DEG C, and burning in circulating fluid bed boiler temperature is 800-1100 DEG C.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention is by circular fluid bed, moving bed pyrolysis reactor and moving-bed gasification stove organic coupling, the Interest frequency achieving coal resources utilizes, the combination producing of heat, electricity, tar, coal gas, activated coke can be carried out, solve the object of gasification synthesis gas, pyrolysis coal gas high-efficient purification simultaneously.
(2) the present invention is dexterously using the primary purifying device of moving-bed gasification stove as pyrolysis coal gas, most of dust that pyrolysis coal gas is carried is separated in vapourizing furnace, simultaneously because the temperature in vapourizing furnace is higher than pyrolysis oven, therefore there is not the time condensation problem of tar in vapourizing furnace, reduce energy consumption and purification cost.
(3) the present invention install additional cyclonic separator continue deep purifying is carried out to pyrolysis coal gas and synthetic gas, namely cyclonic separator has the feature of conventional separator, in pipe core, introduce again the semicoke particle of stacking states simultaneously, thus possessed the feature of Bed Filtration, cleaning action is given prominence to.
(4) moving bed pyrolysis reactor produce powdery semicoke and vapourizing furnace produce powdered activated semicoke and dust after sifter leaches, enter burning in circulating fluid bed boiler, make in final solid phase prod active carbocoal without solid waste exist, avoid the secondary separation process of product.
(5) the present invention can according to the factor such as coal characteristic, the market requirement, and adjustment operating parameters, to adjust the output of each product flexibly, realizes economic benefit to greatest extent, is particluarly suitable for using the thermal power plant of circular fluid bed generating to use.
(6) the present invention reasonably make use of excellent, bad coal resources.High volatile coal experiences pyrolysis, gasification and burning three processes successively, in pyrolysis or gasification, the powdery semicoke of the low value that grain breakage produces or powdered activated semicoke enter circulating fluidized bed combustion, costly granular carbocoal finally makes active carbocoal, as the field such as sorbent material, support of the catalyst.Low-volatile coal, coal gangue, low grade coal directly enter circulating fluidized bed combustion.
(7) the present invention can not only by-product active carbocoal, and gained coal gas is the gas mixture of coke(oven)gas and synthetic gas, improves hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, be more suitable for synthetic liquid fuel compared with common synthetic gas, and aerogenesis composition can control flexibly according to operational condition.
(8) under pyrolysis temperature, the semicoke of (400-700 DEG C) enters vapourizing furnace reactor, and semicoke temperature, close to gasifier temperature, therefore effectively can reduce energy consumption and the oxygen-consumption of moving-bed gasification stove.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
In figure: 1-circular fluid bed, 2-second coal bunker, 3-first coal bunker, 4-moving bed pyrolysis reactor, 5-first sifter, 6-semicoke divider, 7-moving-bed gasification stove, 8-second sifter, 9-cyclonic separator, 10-gas conveying tube road, 11-first coal chute, 12-second coal chute, 13,14,15,16,17,18,21-pipeline, 19-air input passageway, 20-water vapour intake line, 22-pipe core, 23-admission passage, 24-revert pipe.
Embodiment
The present invention is by circular fluid bed, moving bed pyrolysis reactor and moving-bed gasification stove organic coupling, essence is that the granular carbocoal that pyrolysis produces is isolated pyrolysis reactor, enter moving-bed gasification stove, moving-bed gasification stove is as the refining plant of pyrolysis coal gas simultaneously, plays the effect to the online dedusting of pyrolysis coal gas.Activated coke after gasification discharges reactive system as by product.Like this, by the organic assembling of pyrolysis-gasification-burning three phases, the Interest frequency achieving coal resources utilizes, and can carry out the combination producing of heat, electricity, tar, coal gas, activated coke, solve the object of gasification gas, pyrolysis coal gas high-efficient purification simultaneously.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Based on a coal pyrolytic gasified multi-joint-production apparatus for circulating fluidized bed, comprise circular fluid bed 1, moving bed pyrolysis reactor 4 and moving-bed gasification stove 7.The bottom of circular fluid bed 1 connects the first coal bunker 3 by the first coal chute 11, and the top of circular fluid bed 1 connects moving bed pyrolysis reactor 4.The top of moving bed pyrolysis reactor 4 connects the second coal bunker 2 by the second coal chute 12, and the top of moving bed pyrolysis reactor 4 connects moving-bed gasification stove 7 by gas conveying tube road 10.Under the bottom of moving bed pyrolysis reactor 4 connects the sieve of the first sifter 5, first sifter 5, space connects circular fluid bed 1 by pipeline 21, and on the sieve of the first sifter 5, space is connected with semicoke divider 6 by pipeline 13.In semicoke divider 6, realize semicoke by pneumatic control (stack gas or rare gas element) and distribute.Semicoke divider 6 is connected with the top of moving-bed gasification stove 7 by a pipeline 15, and the top of moving-bed gasification stove 7 connects cyclonic separator 9.Cyclonic separator 9 comprises housing, the side, top of housing is provided with dusty gas entrance, the central upper portion of housing is provided with pipe core 22, the bottom of housing is provided with material outlet, dusty gas entrance is connected with moving-bed gasification stove 7 by admission passage 23, material outlet is connected with moving-bed gasification stove 7 by revert pipe 24, and the upper port of pipe core 22 is purified gas outlet, connecting pipeline 17.Semicoke divider 6 also connects the pipe core 22 of cyclonic separator by another pipeline 14.The bottom of moving-bed gasification stove 7 connects air input passageway 19 and water vapour intake line 20, and the bottom of moving-bed gasification stove 7 connects the second sifter 8.Under the sieve of the second sifter 8, space connects circular fluid bed 1 by pipeline 16, spatial joins escape route 18 on the sieve of the second sifter 8.The aperture of above-mentioned first sifter 5 and the inner sieve plate of the second sifter 8 is 1-10mm.
A kind of coal pyrolytic gasified multi-production process based on circulating fluidized bed, step is as follows: low grade coal or low-volatile coal directly enter circular fluid bed 1 from the first coal bunker 3 by the first coal chute 11 and burn, utilize the high-temp circulating ash of circular fluid bed in moving bed pyrolysis reactor 4, to carry out pyrolysis to the high volatile coal from the second coal bunker 2 as thermal barrier, obtain pyrolysis coal gas.The solid product that moving bed pyrolysis reactor is discharged enters in the first sifter 5 and carries out screening process, circulating ash under sieve and powdery semicoke enter circular fluid bed 1 combustion power generation by pipeline 21, granular carbocoal on sieve is wherein a part of after entering semicoke divider 6 enters moving-bed gasification stove 7 by pipeline 15, another part 14 enters cyclonic separator for dedusting from cyclonic separator 9 top by the road, and sends into moving-bed gasification stove 7 by the revert pipe 24 under cyclonic separator.Moving-bed gasification stove 7 passes into air (oxygen) respectively by air input passageway 19 and water vapour intake line 20 and water vapour carries out gasification reaction.The coal gas of moving bed pyrolysis reactor 4 output enters moving-bed gasification stove 7 by gas conveying tube road 10 at high operating temperatures, utilizes the semicoke particle in moving-bed gasification stove 7 to realize pyrolysis gas purification.The synthetic gas that pyrolysis coal gas gentleization stove after rough purification produces jointly enters cyclonic separator 9 and carries out deep purifying, thus obtain clean mixed gas, reclaim coal tar through cooling, electric tar wet goods technique again, non-condensable gases can use as combustion gas or synthetic gas after desulfurization.Enter the second sifter 8 i.e. active carbocoal sifter from the solid product of moving-bed gasification stove 7 discharge and carry out screening process, sieve obtains active carbocoal, by pipeline 18 guiding system, the powdery semicoke under sieve and dust 16 are sent circular fluid bed 1 back to and are burnt by the road.
Below by embody rule example of the present invention, the present invention is illustrated further:
Low grade coal or coal gangue directly enter circular fluid bed 1 from the first coal bunker 3 by the first coal chute 11 and burn, high volatile coal from the volatile matter 15%-45% of the second coal bunker 2 is entered in moving bed pyrolysis reactor 4 by the second coal chute 12, utilizes the high-temp circulating ash of circular fluid bed to carry out pyrolysis as thermal barrier to high volatile coal.By regulating the ratio of circulating ash and feed coal to control pyrolysis temperature, the variation range of pyrolysis temperature is at 400-700 DEG C.The solid product that pyrolysis reactor is discharged enters in the first sifter 5 and carries out screening process, and the large I of sieve plate perforate adjusts within the scope of 1-10mm.Circulating ash under sieve and powdery semicoke enter circular fluid bed 1 combustion power generation by pipeline 21, temperature of combustion 800-1100 DEG C, granular carbocoal on sieve is wherein a part of after entering semicoke divider 6 enters moving-bed gasification stove 7 by pipeline 15, another part 14 enters this cyclonic separator pipe core 22 for dedusting from cyclonic separator 9 top by the road, and sends into moving-bed gasification stove 7 by the revert pipe 24 under cyclonic separator.Moving-bed gasification stove 7 passes into air (oxygen) respectively by air input passageway 19 and water vapour intake line 20 and water vapour carries out gasification reaction, according to the inlet of air (oxygen) and water vapour, and can by gasification reaction temperature 700-1100 DEG C of adjustment.The coal gas of moving bed pyrolysis reactor 4 output enters moving-bed gasification stove 7 by gas conveying tube road 10 at high operating temperatures, the semicoke particle in moving-bed gasification stove 7 is utilized to realize pyrolysis gas purification, pyrolysis coal gas (hydrogen after rough purification, carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas, methane, ethane, ethene, propane, propylene, tar steam etc.) and moving-bed gasification stove produce synthetic gas (mainly hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, carbonic acid gas) gas mixture jointly enter cyclonic separator 9 and carry out deep purifying, thus obtain clean mixed gas (dust content <10mg/m
3), then reclaiming coal tar through cooling, electric tar wet goods technique, non-condensable gases can use as combustion gas or synthetic gas after desulfurization.Enter the second sifter 8 i.e. active carbocoal sifter from the solid product of moving-bed gasification stove 7 discharge and carry out screening process, sieve obtains active carbocoal, by pipeline 18 guiding system, send outside as product, the powdery semicoke under sieve and dust 16 are sent circular fluid bed 1 back to and are carried out combustion power generation and heat supply by the road.By a set of like this pyrolysis, gasification, burning coupling technique system, the combination producing of heat, electricity, tar, coal gas, active carbocoal can be realized, and solve the udst separation problem of puzzlement pyrolysis coal gas (containing tarry vapours) for a long time.
Above embodiment is described in detail the coal pyrolytic gasified multi-joint-production apparatus based on circulating fluidized bed provided by the present invention and technique, but only for understanding method of the present invention and core concept thereof, should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, can also make the various deformation such as replacement, simple combination in specific embodiments and applications, this also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the coal pyrolytic gasified multi-joint-production apparatus based on circulating fluidized bed, it is characterized in that: comprise circular fluid bed, moving bed pyrolysis reactor and moving-bed gasification stove, the bottom of circular fluid bed connects the first coal bunker by the first coal chute, the top of circular fluid bed connects moving bed pyrolysis reactor, the top of moving bed pyrolysis reactor connects the second coal bunker by the second coal chute, the top of moving bed pyrolysis reactor connects moving-bed gasification stove by gas conveying tube road, the bottom of moving bed pyrolysis reactor connects the first sifter, under the sieve of the first sifter, space connects circular fluid bed by pipeline, on the sieve of the first sifter, space is connected by the top of pipeline with moving-bed gasification stove, the top of moving-bed gasification stove connects cyclonic separator, the bottom of moving-bed gasification stove connects air input passageway and water vapour intake line, the bottom of moving-bed gasification stove connects the second sifter, under the sieve of the second sifter, space connects circular fluid bed by pipeline, spatial joins vent pipe on the sieve of the second sifter, described cyclonic separator comprises housing, the side, top of housing is provided with dusty gas entrance, the central upper portion of housing is provided with pipe core, the bottom of housing is provided with material outlet, dusty gas entrance is connected with moving-bed gasification stove by admission passage, material outlet is connected with moving-bed gasification stove by revert pipe, the upper port of pipe core is purified gas outlet, connecting pipeline between the first sifter and moving-bed gasification stove is provided with semicoke divider, semicoke divider also connects the pipe core of cyclonic separator by a pipeline.
2. a kind of coal pyrolytic gasified multi-joint-production apparatus based on circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the aperture of described first sifter and the inner sieve plate of the second sifter is 1-10mm.
3., based on a coal pyrolytic gasified multi-production process for circulating fluidized bed, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) low grade coal or low-volatile coal enter burning in circulating fluid bed boiler from the first coal bunker by the first coal chute, and the high-temp circulating ash that burning is formed is delivered to moving bed pyrolysis reactor as thermal barrier;
(2) high volatile coal enters moving bed pyrolysis reactor from the second coal bunker by the second coal chute, and in moving bed pyrolysis reactor, high-temp circulating ash carries out pyrolysis to high volatile coal, obtains pyrolysis coal gas and solid product;
(3) pyrolysis coal gas sends into moving-bed gasification stove through gas conveying tube road, solid product enters the first sifter from moving bed pyrolysis reactor bottom, screening process is carried out in the first sifter, circulating ash under sieve and powdery semicoke enter burning in circulating fluid bed boiler by pipeline, and the granular carbocoal on sieve enters semicoke divider;
(4) granular carbocoal is after semicoke divider distributes, and wherein a part enters moving-bed gasification stove by pipeline, and another part enters the pipe core of cyclonic separator by pipeline;
(5) granular carbocoal in moving-bed gasification stove and pyrolysis coal gas convective motion is entered, granular carbocoal carries out rough purification to pyrolysis coal gas, simultaneously moving-bed gasification stove passes into air respectively by air input passageway and water vapour intake line and water vapour carries out gasification reaction, produce synthetic gas, the pyrolysis coal gas after rough purification and synthetic gas enter cyclonic separator jointly;
(6) pyrolysis coal gas and synthetic gas proceed centrifugal purification in cyclonic separator, pipe core again by cyclonic separator after purification, the granular carbocoal piled up in pipe core carries out further filtration, purification to pyrolysis coal gas and synthetic gas, thus complete deep purifying, obtain clean pyrolysis coal gas and synthetic gas, reclaim coal tar through cooling, electrically trapped tar oil technique again, use as combustion gas or synthetic gas after non-condensable gases desulfurization;
(7) revert pipe that the isolated grit of cyclonic separator and the granular carbocoal in cyclonic separator pipe core are connected through bottom in the lump circulates and is delivered in moving-bed gasification stove;
(8) solids in moving-bed gasification stove enters sifter and carries out screening process from bottom, sieve obtains active carbocoal, is derived by pipeline, the powdery semicoke under sieve and dust are sent circular fluid bed by the road back to and burnt.
4. a kind of coal pyrolytic gasified multi-production process based on circulating fluidized bed as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: controlling moving bed pyrolysis temperature of reactor is 400-700 DEG C, moving-bed gasification furnace temperature is 700-1100 DEG C, and burning in circulating fluid bed boiler temperature is 800-1100 DEG C.
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