CN205740917U - A kind of solid waste three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system - Google Patents
A kind of solid waste three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system Download PDFInfo
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- CN205740917U CN205740917U CN201620469911.3U CN201620469911U CN205740917U CN 205740917 U CN205740917 U CN 205740917U CN 201620469911 U CN201620469911 U CN 201620469911U CN 205740917 U CN205740917 U CN 205740917U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
A kind of solid waste three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, belong to field of solid waste treating technology.Including solid waste feed system, pyrolysis apparatus, oxidator system, oxidator cyclone separator and cyclone reactor.This utility model uses recirculating fluidized bed oxidator, bubbling or turbulent fluidized bed pyrolysis apparatus that stripping tube and sedimentation pipe combine, cyclone reactor to realize bed circulating between three, utilizes cyclone reactor to realize being sufficiently mixed thus being greatly promoted coke tar cracking and gas purification of hott bed material and pyrolysis gas；And by oxidator and the optimization of pyrolysis apparatus structure, it is different that bed is used in mixed way, bed circulates system and the raising of gas-solid mixed-level and the improvement of feed system, drastically increase overall pyrolytic gasification efficiency and product gas calorific value, decrease product gas tar content, prepare the cleaning pyrolysis gas/synthesis gas of high-quality.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to field of solid waste treating technology, especially relates to solid waste three combination
Pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system.
Background technology
Along with progress and the expanding economy of society, the demand of the energy is increased by the mankind day by day, traditional fossil energy
Source is non-renewable due to it, the problem being faced with exhaustion.Biomass energy, holds as reproducible, potential
Clean energy resource that continue, that versus environmental is friendly, in the last few years by attention both domestic and external, is to be only second to coal, stone
Oil and gas is in the energy of total energy consumption the 4th.China's biomass resource rich reserves, but effectively
Utilization rate is the lowest.The annual biomass total amount produced has more than 50 hundred million tons, and wherein agricultural crop straw the like waste has
More than 700000000 ton, remove also field and make feedstuff etc. and also remain the amount of more than 300,000,000 ton and be not utilized effectively；Forestry waste is also
There is 1.5-2 hundred million tons；And China also have huge house refuse, city have stable political situation the biomass resources such as river sludge and
Various trade wastes.How to effectively utilize solid waste resource so that it is be converted into clean energy resource and become
For the problem that China is in the urgent need to address.Pyrolytic gasification is the very important side processing and utilizing solid waste
Formula, can be converted into solid waste high-grade pyrolysis gas or synthesis gas and be used for electric power life with substitute fossil fuels
The aspect such as product, Industrial Boiler kiln, exhausting fuel or be used for synthesizing various fuels and chemicals and hydrogen manufacturing
Deng, be possible not only to reduce to the dependence of fossil energy, improve China's energy resource structure, alleviate energy resource supply contradiction,
Ensure national energy security, and the discharge of pollutant and greenhouse gases can be reduced.At present pyrolysis and gasification
Subject matter is that product gas calorific value is low, tar content is high, hampers further commercialization promotion and application.State
Outer double-fluidized-bed gasification furnace and chemical-looping combustion/gasification technology development in recent years are rapid, are referred from both at home and abroad
Advanced experience, this project, on the basis of fluid bed, uses charcoal, peat, ash, industrial waste rust
(Fe2O3) or power plant desulfurization gypsum (CaSO4) etc. the material of good economy performance or refuse be bed, improve bed
The circulation pattern of material, farthest to reduce tar content, effectively reduces pollutant emission and adjusts product gas
Composition, develop a kind of applicable China solid waste new and effective solid waste three combination pyrolytic gasification and
Coke tar cracking integral system.Three pyrolysis and gasification technology achieve nitrogen and product gas (pyrolysis gas or synthesis
Gas) natural separation, product gas calorific value is high, be low-grade solid waste is converted into high-grade synthesis gas,
Pyrolysis gas, hydrogen and bio-natural gas and the effective way of liquid fuel, and adaptability to raw material is strong, reaction
Speed is fast, intensity is big, is suitable for industrial applications and popularization, has boundless development prospect.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide and a kind of improve product gas calorific value and entirety pyrolytic gasification efficiency and enter
One step reduces solid waste three combination pyrolytic gasification and the tar of the coal-tar middle oil content with pollutant of product gas
Cracking integral system.
The technical scheme realizing this utility model purpose is: this utility model one solid waste three combination heat
Solve gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, including solid waste feed system (1), pyrolysis apparatus (2), oxygen
Change device system (3), oxidator cyclone separator and cyclone reactor；Oxidator cyclone separator includes oxidator
Primary cyclone (7) and oxidator secondary cyclone (8), cyclone reactor includes one cyclonic
Reactor (10) and two grades of whirlwind are divided to divide reactor (11)；Solid waste feed system (1) and pyrolysis apparatus
(2) connecting, the delivery outlet of pyrolysis apparatus (2) is by non-mechanical valve pipeline or mechanical valve or screw rod system and oxidation
Device system (3) connects；A gas output end part and the oxidator one cyclonic on oxidator system (3) top
The input of separator (7) connects, a part for oxidator primary cyclone (7) bottom outfan with
One cyclonic divides the input of reactor (10) to connect, and one cyclonic divides the lower output side of reactor (10)
It is connected with pyrolysis apparatus (2), meanwhile, the gas feed of one cyclonic reactor (10) and pyrolysis apparatus (2)
Connection；Another part of the gas output end on oxidator system (3) top and oxic gas discharge cyclone separator
(9) input connects, and the solid outfan of oxic gas discharge cyclone separator (9) bottom is collected with residue
Tank (16) connects, and the bottom of residue collecting tank (16) is provided with residual cake valve, residue collecting tank (16) simultaneously
It is provided with feed back pipe and mechanical valve or screw rod system or non-mechanical valve to be connected with oxidator system (3)；Oxidator system
System (3) is additionally provided with oxidator tremie pipe (6) and is connected with pyrolysis apparatus (2)；Oxidator primary cyclone
(7) another part of bottom outfan by the tremie pipe (14) of oxidator primary cyclone (7) with
Oxidator tremie pipe (6) connection connects, the tremie pipe (14) of oxidator primary cyclone (7) and oxygen
Change after device tremie pipe (6) converges and connect connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2)；Oxidator primary cyclone (7)
Top output port is connected with the input of oxidator secondary cyclone (8), two grades of cyclonic separation of oxidator
Device (8) lower output side and two grades of whirlwind divide the input of reactor (11) to connect, and two grades of whirlwind divide reaction
The outfan of device (11) bottom is connected with solid waste feed system (1)；One cyclonic divides reactor (10)
Upper output terminal and two grades of whirlwind divide reactor (11) to connect.
The heating of pyrolysis apparatus or heat preserving mode are microwave heating, electromagnetic induction heating, electrical heating or apply heat-insulation layer,
The outside of pyrolysis apparatus is provided with microwave heating equipment, electromagnetic induction heater, electric heater unit or applies heat-insulation layer.
Further prioritization scheme is that described a kind of solid waste three is combined pyrolytic gasification and tar splits
Integrated de system, described oxidator system (3) uses the structural shape of recirculating fluidized bed, including riser
(4), it is positioned at the gas handling system (18) of riser (4) bottom, slag discharge port (19), the most also wraps
Including sedimentation pipe (5), sedimentation pipe (5) diameter is more than riser (4) diameter, and sedimentation pipe (5) entangles and carries
Riser tube upper portion exports, and sedimentation pipe (5) is the most asymmetric with riser (4) i.e., and central shaft is parallel and has spacing,
Sedimentation pipe (5) lower end is provided with granule delivery outlet and is connected with pyrolysis apparatus (2) by oxidator tremie pipe (6)；
If oxidator system (3) does not contains sedimentation pipe, then granule delivery outlet is directly arranged on riser (4), granule
Delivery outlet and oxidator tremie pipe (6) connect, and oxidator tremie pipe (6) and pyrolysis apparatus (2) connect；Carry
Riser (4) is different with sedimentation (5) pipe diameter, and is set to asymmetric arrangement, i.e. riser (4) is inclined
To being arranged on the side of sedimentation pipe (5), the granule delivery outlet of described sedimentation pipe (5) passes through oxidator tremie pipe
(6) input port with pyrolysis apparatus (2) is connected.Oxidator system (3) uses riser (4) and sedimentation pipe
(5) the recirculating fluidized bed version combined, riser (4) and sedimentation pipe (5) use asymmetric cloth
Put so that bigger bed particle packing is in the following side of sedimentation pipe (5), be conducive to bulky grain discharging
Pipe and tremie pipe (6) realize effectively expecting envelope, and these bulky grains are directly transported to pyrolysis apparatus (2), it is to avoid
Cyclone separator and in abrasion.
Further prioritization scheme is that described a kind of solid waste three is combined pyrolytic gasification and tar splits
Integrated de system, pyrolysis apparatus (2) uses fluidized bed pyrolyzer, the material charging of described fluidized bed pyrolyzer
End is the screw feeder of level, the main body of pyrolysis apparatus (2) can be bubbling or turbulent fluid bed reactor or
Have acclive fluidized-bed reactor for base plate, fluidized-bed reactor base plate has hole, described fluidized bed pyrolysis
The heating of device or heat preserving mode can be microwave heating, electromagnetic induction heating, electrical heating or apply efficient insulation layer.
In the bed of pyrolysis apparatus (2) in addition to including charcoal and ash, further bed also include thermophore,
One or more in catalyst, oxygen carrier etc..
Further prioritization scheme is that described a kind of solid waste three is combined pyrolytic gasification and tar splits
Integrated de system, described one cyclonic divides reactor (10) to be arranged on pyrolysis apparatus (2) interiorly or exteriorly,
When one cyclonic reactor (10) is arranged on pyrolysis apparatus (2) outside, one cyclonic reactor (10)
Outfan is connected with pyrolysis apparatus (2).One cyclonic reactor (10) is placed in inside fluidized bed pyrolyzer
Time can improve heat transfer efficiency.
Further prioritization scheme is that described a kind of solid waste three is combined pyrolytic gasification and tar splits
Integrated de system, solid waste feed system (1) includes that screw feeder, solid waste charging are
System (1) uses the one such as rotary valve sealing, the sealing of bivalve locking hopper, screw rod transmission crush seal, sealing gland
Or the combination of multiple sealing means realizes being effectively isolated and sealing of feed system and reactor.
This utility model is a kind of solid waste three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, three
Bed interact can realize oxidation, partial oxidation, gasify and be pyrolyzed, the process such as coke tar cracking prepares high-quality
Product gas.This utility model uses pyrolysis apparatus, oxidator, cyclone reactor to realize pyrolysis, gas associated with three
Change and coke tar cracking；Cyclone reactor realizes hott bed material and being vigorously mixed of pyrolysis gas is reformed burnt with abundant cracking
Oil, removing pollutant.
Solid waste feed system (1) (especially screw feeder) is by defeated to solid waste and bed mixture
Delivering to pyrolysis apparatus (2), pyrolysis apparatus (2) main body is fluid bed, and fluidizing agent is steam or other gas.
Pyrolysis solid product is by mechanical valve or non-mechanical valve pipeline (such as circulation feed back pipe (15)) and blows gas entrance
Oxidator system (3).The oxidator tremie pipe (6) of sedimentation pipe (5) lower end of oxidator (3) can be by relatively
Oarse-grained bed is swept by non-mechanical valve and sealing gland pneumatic transmission air-blowing and is delivered directly to pyrolysis apparatus (2).Oxidator system
The gas handling system (18) of system (3) bottom is passed through air and synthesis gas, pyrolysis gas or dusty fuel (such as life
Thing charcoal or powdery biomass granule), mixed combustion produces high-temperature area and makes ash fusion, falls after slag cooling
Discharged by the slag discharge port (19) of oxidator system (3) bottom；Go out from two grades of cyclone reactor (11)
The pyrolysis gas come can go to downstream or return to the gas handling system (18) of oxidator system (3) and be used as fuel.Oxygen
Change gas and oxidator secondary cyclone (8) after device discharge cyclone separator (9) gas solid separation out
Gas mixes, and solid flows into residue collecting tank (16), and a part of material in residue collecting tank (16) the inside passes through
Mechanical valve or screw rod system or non-mechanical valve and purge gas enter oxidator system (3) with prolongation material
The time of staying and raising efficiency of carbon con version；Other residue is discharged through a rotary valve.
The outfan of described oxidator primary cyclone (7) connects one cyclonic by non-mechanical valve and reacts
Device (10), the outfan of described oxidator secondary cyclone (8) connects two grades of whirlwind by non-mechanical valve
After reactor (11), then it is connected with the input of the tremie pipe (17) of two grades of cyclone reactor, two grades of whirlwind
The tremie pipe (17) of reactor directly connects connection with the screw feeder of solid waste feed system (1)
Or connected by valve, the material inside screw feeder is had predrying by the hott bed material of tremie pipe (17) the inside
Effect, thus improve overall pyrolytic gasification efficiency..Described oxidator secondary cyclone (8) defeated
Go out end to be also directly connected to pyrolysis apparatus (2).
Oxidator system (3) the inside has the reactions such as burning, partial oxidation, gasification to occur, and can be burner,
Its product is flue gas, it is also possible to be gasifier, and product gas is synthesis gas；When oxidator system (3) is gasification
During device, the synthesis gas of oxidator system (3) and the pyrolysis gas of pyrolysis apparatus (2) may return to oxidator system
(3) the oxidator gas handling system (18) of porch and air mixed combustion；Pyrolysis apparatus (2) can be anaerobic
Pyrolysis apparatus, product gas is pyrolysis gas, as being passed through some air, oxygen or adding some oxygen carriers to pyrolysis apparatus,
Its product gas can also be synthesis gas.
Oxidator system (3) bottom is passed through air and combustion gas or powdery solid fuel, and burning and part occur
Oxidation reaction produces high temperature；The position entrance that high-temperature gas is middle in oxidator system (3) bottom, molten
Slag is discharged by slag discharge port (19) below, and air and fuel add system by pipeline and oxidator system
System (3) connects.
This utility model uses pressure transducer and control valve, enters by controlling oxidator exit gas or oxidator
Mouth air mass flow and pressure and air-fuel ratio adjust the pressure of oxidator and pyrolysis apparatus and are allowed to equalize, the most really
Protect the stable operation of material circulating system between two reactors.
The main body of pyrolysis apparatus (2) is fluidized-bed reactor or has acclive reactor for base plate, and fluid bed is anti-
Answer, on device base plate, there is hole；The heating of pyrolysis apparatus or heat preserving mode are that microwave heating, electromagnetic induction heating, electricity add
Heat or applying heat-insulation layer, the outside of pyrolysis apparatus is provided with microwave heating equipment, electromagnetic induction heater, electrical heating
Device or applying heat-insulation layer.
This utility model has positive effect: (1) this utility model is that solid waste three is combined pyrolysis gas
Change and coke tar cracking integral system, not only increase pyrolytic gasification efficiency, and decrease tar and pollutant
Discharge, product gas is without the pollutant such as dioxin, and the synergism of thermophore, catalyst and charcoal etc. is with
The minimizing tar of big degree and pollutant emission content.
(2) pyrolysis apparatus use bubbling or turbulent fluidization bed structure design, use screw rod transmission, gravity conveying and
The particle flow pattern that fluidisation combines, adds the motility of pyrolysis system stability and operation, and it is right to improve
The adaptability of ash fusion bonding.The product gas of pyrolysis apparatus is pyrolysis gas, as being passed through some air, oxygen or adding
Entering some oxygen carriers to pyrolysis apparatus, its product gas can be synthesis gas.
(3) at the hott bed material one that oxidator system is come, join cyclone reactor, at one, join pyrolysis apparatus
Bed, the part heat material of cyclone reactor joins the screw feeder of feed system, the most predrying thing
Material, the most beneficially pyrolysis apparatus bed temperature be uniformly distributed and improve pyrolytic gasification efficiency, and hott bed material is at whirlwind
Pyrolysis gas in reactor with containing tar is sufficiently mixed thus farthest decreases pyrolysis gas tar content
And pollutant emission, improve pyrolytic gasification efficiency.Cyclone reactor is placed in inside pyrolysis apparatus to improve heat transfer
Efficiency.
(4) wherein oxidator system can use the consistent single tube reactor of diameter, it is possible to uses diameter inconsistent
Riser and the fluidized-bed structure form that combines of sedimentation pipe, fluid bed riser and sedimentation pipe use asymmetric
Arrange so that the bigger bed particle packing side below sedimentation pipe, be conducive to bulky grain discharge nozzle and
Tremie pipe realizes effectively expecting envelope, and these bulky grains are directly transported to pyrolysis apparatus, it is to avoid at cyclone separator
In abrasion.
(5) gas handling system of oxidator system bottom is passed through air and synthesis gas, pyrolysis gas or dusty fuel
(such as the charcoal reclaimed or powdered biomass), mixed combustion radial direction zone line bottom oxidator produces
High temperature makes ash fusion, falls and discharged by bottom oxidator after slag cooling, and slag has recycle value.Follow
The air that ring fluid bed oxidator system bottom is passed through divides two-way, and a road is used for burning, and a road cools down for slag.
Steam generator can be provided with to utilize its heat to produce steam, the most beneficially slag outside the burning zone of oxidator
Cooling and discharge.Complete oxidation (burning), partial oxidation, gasification and pyrolytic reaction is had inside oxidator
Occurring, its gaseous product is can be flue gas, it is also possible to be synthesis gas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present utility model be easier to be clearly understood, below according to specific embodiment and combine
Accompanying drawing, is described in further detail this utility model, wherein
Fig. 1 is that this utility model comprises sedimentation pipe and one cyclonic reactor is positioned at the integration within pyrolysis apparatus
System structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that this utility model comprises sedimentation pipe and one cyclonic reactor is positioned at the integration outside pyrolysis apparatus
System structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 this utility model does not comprise sedimentation pipe and one cyclonic reactor is positioned at the integration within pyrolysis apparatus
System structure schematic diagram.
Reference: 1, solid waste feed system, 2, pyrolysis apparatus, 3, oxidator system, 4, promote
Pipe, 5, sedimentation pipe, 6, oxidator tremie pipe, 7, oxidator primary cyclone, 8, oxidator two grades
Cyclone separator, 9, oxidator discharge cyclone separator, 10, one cyclonic reactor, 11, two grades of whirlwind
Reactor, 12, oxidator primary cyclone lower end non-mechanical valve, 13, one cyclonic reactor tremie pipe,
14, oxidator primary cyclone tremie pipe, 15, circulation feed back pipe, 16, residue collecting tank, 17, two
Level cyclone reactor tremie pipe, 18, oxidator gas handling system, 19, slag discharge port.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, this utility model is described further, but this utility model is not limited to following enforcement
Example.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, this utility model is a kind of solid waste three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking one
Body system, has solid waste feed system 1, pyrolysis apparatus 2, oxidator system 3, oxidator whirlwind
Separator and cyclone reactor, wherein solid waste feed system 1 is connected with pyrolysis apparatus 2；Pyrolysis apparatus
The bottom delivery outlet of 2 is by mechanical valve or screw rod transmission system or non-mechanical valve pipeline (such as circulation feed back pipe 15)
It is connected with oxidator system 3；The outfan of oxidator system 3 is connected with the input of oxidator cyclone separator,
The outfan of oxidator cyclone separator is connected with the input of cyclone reactor by non-mechanical valve, and whirlwind reacts
Device 10 is connected with pyrolysis apparatus 2.
Oxidator system 3 is circulating fluidized bed combustor, and product gas is flue gas；Pyrolysis apparatus 2 be use bubbling or
The structure design of turbulent fluid bed reactor, product gas is pyrolysis gas；Cyclone reactor product gas out is to close
Become gas.Oxidator system 3 end, is passed through air and combustion gas or powdery solid fuel, and burning and partial oxidation occur
Reaction produces high temperature；The high-temperature gas position that footpath is middle bottom oxidator system 3 enters, and slag is by below
Slag discharge port 19 discharge, air and fuel add system by pipeline and recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system
3 connect.
Wherein oxidator cyclone separator includes primary cyclone 7, secondary cyclone 8 and oxidator
Discharge cyclone separator 9, described cyclone reactor includes one cyclonic reactor 10 and two grades of cyclone reactor
11, the outfan of described oxidator primary cyclone 7 connects one cyclonic reactor by non-mechanical valve
10, the outfan of described oxidator secondary cyclone 8 connects two grades of cyclone reactor by non-mechanical valve
After 11, then it is connected with the input of the tremie pipe 17 of two grades of cyclone reactor, tremie pipe 17 and solid waste
The screw feeder of thing feed system 1 is directly connected connection or is connected by valve, and oxidator one cyclonic separates
The tremie pipe 14 of device 7 is connected with oxidator tremie pipe 6, connects with pyrolysis apparatus after tremie pipe 14 and 6 converges
Lead to connect.Oxidator primary cyclone 7 gas out enters secondary cyclone 8, and oxidator is arranged
After material cyclone separator 9 gas solid separation, the gas mixing out of gas and oxidator secondary cyclone 8,
Solid enters residue collecting tank 16, and inside residue collecting tank 16, a part of material passes through mechanical valve or screw rod system
Or non-mechanical valve and purge gas enter the recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 time of staying with prolongation material
With raising efficiency of carbon con version；Other material is discharged through a rotary valve.Described oxidator secondary cyclone 8
Outfan also can be directly connected to fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2.
Oxidator system 3 includes riser 4, sedimentation pipe 5, is positioned at the gas handling system 18 bottom it, slag row
Outlet 19 and the steam generator being arranged on outside recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 tube wall.Riser 4 is with heavy
Fall pipe 5 diameter is different, and is radially asymmetric arrangement, and riser 4 deflection is arranged on the side of sedimentation pipe 5,
The tremie pipe 6 of sedimentation pipe 5 is connected with the input port of fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 by non-mechanical valve, bigger bed
Granule enters fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 by tremie pipe 6.
Its work process is: the heat of coming is circulated in air and downstream that the gas handling system 18 of oxidator system 3 is passed through
Vent one's spleen the carbon residue generation complete oxidation that (or powdery solid fuel) send with fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2
(burning), the high temperature that burning produces makes ash thawing formation slag be discharged by bottom；The gas master that oxidation produces
If the CO of high temperature2、H2O and N2.This flue gas can be used for producing steam, and some vapor returns pyrolysis apparatus 2
With recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 as fluidizing agent.
Oxidator system 3 uses the fluidized-bed structure form that riser 4 and sedimentation pipe 5 combine, riser 4
Asymmetric arrangement is used so that the bigger bed particle packing side below sedimentation pipe 5 with sedimentation pipe 5,
Being conducive to realizing bulky grain discharge nozzle and oxidator tremie pipe 6 effectively expecting envelope, these bulky grains pass through non-machine
Tool valve and blow gas and be directly transported in fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2, it is to avoid at oxidator primary cyclone
7 and secondary cyclone 8 in abrasion.The hott bed material of recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 is through peroxidating
One cyclonic reaction is entered after the gas solid separation of device primary cyclone 7 and oxidator secondary cyclone 8
In device 10 and two grades of cyclone reactor 11, hott bed material and the pyrolysis gas containing tar are sufficiently mixed thus maximum journey
That spends decreases pyrolysis gas tar content and pollutant emission, also improves system pyrolytic gasification efficiency.From one-level
The hott bed material that cyclone reactor 10 and two grades of cyclone reactor 11 are separated respectively enters fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2
With the screw feeder of solid waste feed system 1, the hott bed material that two grades of cyclone reactor 11 are separated
Enter screw feeder, the material inside screw feeder is played pre-dried effect, thus improves entirety
Pyrolytic gasification efficiency.One cyclonic reactor 10 is placed in improve heat transfer efficiency inside fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2,
One cyclonic reactor 10 isolated solid bed enters fluid bed through tremie pipe 13 and a material sealing mechanism
Inside pyrolysis apparatus 2；Pyrolysis gas after one cyclonic reactor 10 gas solid separation enters two grades of cyclone reactor 11,
Pyrolysis gas after two grades of cyclone reactor 11 gas solid separation enters gas cooling and the cleaning system in downstream.
Solid waste by feed system enter fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2, feed system use screw rod transmission extruding,
Starlike valve or locking hopper, the sealing means of sealing gland combination.Bubbling or turbulent fluidized bed pyrolysis apparatus 2 use screw rod
The particle flow pattern that conveying, action of gravity and fluidisation (base plate is porose) combine, adds pyrolysis system steady
Motility that is qualitative and that operate, improves the adaptability to ash fusion bonding.Set by pyrolysis reactor structure
The improvement of meter and the improvement of bed blood circulation, charcoal, ash and catalyst in bed can be by major parts
Coke tar cracking, thus pyrolysis gas coal-tar middle oil content is greatly lowered.Fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 produce charcoal and
Other bed overflow is to recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3.Wherein fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 microwave heating, electricity
Magnetic induction heating, electrical heating or the mode of efficient insulation layer is set improves or maintain pyrolysis temperature, thus improve heat
Solve product slates and composition.
In addition to charcoal and ash, further bed also includes thermophore, catalyst and oxygen carrier etc., these
Bed synergism can be farthest to reduce tar content and pollutant emission.Anti-by pyrolysis and oxidation
The optimization answering the improvement of device feed system, oxidator and pyrolysis apparatus structure designs, different bed is used in mixed way, bed
Material circulates and the raising of gas-solid mixed-level, and native system can produce high-quality product gas, drastically increases
Overall pyrolytic gasification efficiency, improve product gas calorific value, decrease product gas tar content and pollutant emission,
Thus effectively prepare the cleaning product gas of high-quality.Using municipal sludge or agriculture and forestry organic waste material etc. is raw material, produces
Product gas Lower heat value > 10MJ/kg.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, it is that described recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 uses sky with in place of the difference of enforcement 1
Gas is under-supply, the operational mode of burn insufficient pattern, i.e. partial oxidation, and the product gas of gasifier is to close
Becoming gas, it includes riser 4, sedimentation pipe 5 successively and is positioned at the gas handling system 18 bottom it.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1, it is in the bed of described fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 to add with in place of the difference of enforcement 1
Cheap industrial waste rust (Fe2O3), power plant desulfurization gypsum (CaSO4) etc. oxygen carrier, contained by oxygen carrier
The release of Lattice Oxygen promotes the partial oxidation of pyrolysis apparatus, thus improves the temperature of pyrolysis apparatus, fluidized bed pyrolysis
Device 2 operates the operational mode at gasifier, and its product gas is synthesis gas.Recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3
Operation is in full-burn mode.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 2, it is that described cyclone reactor 10 is placed in fluidized bed pyrolysis with in place of the difference of enforcement 1
The outside of device 2, the solid bed that cyclone reactor 10 is separated is by non-mechanical valve and blows gas and returns to
Fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 3, it is that described recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 uses phase with in place of the difference of enforcement 1
With the single tube reactor of diameter, it includes riser 4 successively, is positioned at the gas handling system 18 bottom it, slag row
Outlet 19 and the steam generator (not diagram) being arranged on outside recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 tube wall.Stream
Changing bed pyrolysis apparatus 2 uses base plate to have the distribution grid of the inclination angle gradient.
Particular embodiments described above, is carried out the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Further describe, be it should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the utility model,
It is not limited to this utility model, all within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment of being made,
Equivalent, improvement etc., within should be included in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. three combination pyrolytic gasifications of a solid waste and coke tar cracking integral system, it is characterized in that, including solid waste feed system (1), pyrolysis apparatus (2), oxidator system (3), oxidator cyclone separator and cyclone reactor；Oxidator cyclone separator includes oxidator primary cyclone (7) and oxidator secondary cyclone (8), and cyclone reactor includes that one cyclonic divides reactor (10) and two grades of whirlwind to divide reactor (11)；The delivery outlet of pyrolysis apparatus (2) is connected with oxidator system (3) by non-mechanical valve pipeline or mechanical valve or screw rod system；The gas output end part on oxidator system (3) top is connected with the input of oxidator primary cyclone (7), a part for oxidator primary cyclone (7) bottom outfan divides the input of reactor (10) to be connected with one cyclonic, one cyclonic divides the lower output side of reactor (10) to be connected with pyrolysis apparatus (2), meanwhile, the gas feed of one cyclonic reactor (10) connects with pyrolysis apparatus (2)；Another part of the gas output end on oxidator system (3) top is connected with the input of oxidator discharge cyclone separator (9), the solid outfan of oxidator discharge cyclone separator (9) bottom is connected with residue collecting tank (16), the bottom of residue collecting tank (16) is provided with residual cake valve, and residue collecting tank (16) is provided with feed back pipe and mechanical valve or non-mechanical valve and is connected with oxidator system (3)；Oxidator system (3) is provided with oxidator tremie pipe (6) and is connected with pyrolysis apparatus (2)；Another part of oxidator primary cyclone (7) bottom outfan is connected with oxidator tremie pipe (6) by the tremie pipe (14) of oxidator primary cyclone (7), and the tremie pipe (14) of oxidator primary cyclone (7) connects connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2) after converging with oxidator tremie pipe (6)；Oxidator primary cyclone (7) top output port is connected with the input of oxidator secondary cyclone (8), oxidator secondary cyclone (8) lower output side and two grades of whirlwind divide the input of reactor (11) to connect, and two grades of whirlwind divide the outfan of reactor (11) bottom to be connected with solid waste feed system (1)；One cyclonic divides the upper output terminal of reactor (10) and two grades of whirlwind to divide reactor (11) to connect；The heating of pyrolysis apparatus or heat preserving mode are microwave heating, electromagnetic induction heating, electrical heating or apply heat-insulation layer.
2. according to a kind of solid waste described in claim 1 three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, it is characterized in that, oxidator system (3) uses the structural shape of recirculating fluidized bed, including riser (4), it is positioned at the gas handling system (18) bottom riser, slag discharge port (19), also include sedimentation pipe (5), sedimentation pipe (5) diameter is more than riser (4) diameter, and sedimentation pipe (5) entangles riser upper outlet, sedimentation pipe (5) is the most asymmetric with riser (4) i.e., and central shaft is parallel and has spacing, sedimentation pipe (5) lower end is provided with granule delivery outlet and is connected with pyrolysis apparatus (2) by oxidator tremie pipe (6).
3. according to a kind of solid waste described in claim 1 three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, it is characterized in that, described recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system (3) includes riser (4), is positioned at the gas handling system (18) bottom riser, slag discharge port (19), riser (4) is provided with granule delivery outlet, granule delivery outlet connects with oxidator tremie pipe (6), and oxidator tremie pipe (6) connects with pyrolysis apparatus (2).
4. according to a kind of solid waste described in claim 1 three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, it is characterized in that, described one cyclonic divides reactor (10) to be arranged on pyrolysis apparatus (2) interiorly or exteriorly, when one cyclonic reactor is arranged on pyrolysis apparatus outside, the outfan of one cyclonic reactor (10) is connected with pyrolysis apparatus (2).
5. according to a kind of solid waste described in claim 1 three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, it is characterized in that, the main body of pyrolysis apparatus (2) is fluid bed, it is bubbling or turbulent fluid bed reactor or has acclive fluidized-bed reactor for base plate, on fluidized-bed reactor base plate, there is hole.
6. according to a kind of solid waste described in claim 1 three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, it is characterized in that, solid waste feed system (1) uses the combination of one or more sealing means in rotary valve sealing, the sealing of bivalve locking hopper, screw rod transmission crush seal, sealing gland to realize being effectively isolated and sealing of feed system and reactor.
null7. according to a kind of solid waste described in claim 1 three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system，It is characterized in that，The outfan of oxidator primary cyclone (7) connects one cyclonic reactor (10) by non-mechanical valve (12)，After the outfan of described oxidator secondary cyclone (8) connects two grades of cyclone reactor (11) by non-mechanical valve，Input with the tremie pipe (17) of two grades of cyclone reactor is connected again，The tremie pipe (17) of two grades of cyclone reactor is directly connected with solid waste feed system (1) or is connected by valve，The tremie pipe (14) of oxidator primary cyclone (7) is connected with oxidator tremie pipe (6)，The tremie pipe (14) of oxidator primary cyclone (7) connects connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2) after converging with oxidator tremie pipe (6)；Described oxidator discharge cyclone separator (9) outfan connects connection with residue collecting tank (16) input, residue collecting tank (16) connects connection with mechanical valve or non-mechanical valve with oxidator system (3) by feed back pipe, and residue collecting tank (16) discharges solid residue by a residual cake valve.
8. according to a kind of solid waste described in claim 1 three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, it is characterized in that, the outfan of described oxidator secondary cyclone (8) is replaced with and is directly connected to pyrolysis apparatus (2) or is connected by mechanical valve/non-mechanical valve.
9. according to a kind of solid waste described in claim 1 three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system, it is characterized in that, in the bed of pyrolysis apparatus (2) in addition to including charcoal and ash, also include one or more in thermophore, catalyst, oxygen carrier.
10. a pyrolysis apparatus with heater, it is characterized in that, the main body of pyrolysis apparatus is fluidized-bed reactor or has acclive reactor for base plate, having hole on fluidized-bed reactor base plate, the heating of pyrolysis apparatus or heat preserving mode are microwave heating, electromagnetic induction heating, electrical heating or apply heat-insulation layer；Outside additional microwave equipment, electromagnetic induction heater, electric heater unit or heat-insulation layer at pyrolysis apparatus.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105885950A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-24 | 北京化工大学 | Three-bed combination pyrolysis gasification and tar cracking integrated system for solid waste |
| CN108410503A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-17 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace and its process |
| CN110397933A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-01 | 江苏太湖锅炉股份有限公司 | A kind of high viscosity thermal decomposition of organic wastes incineration system and its technique |
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2016
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105885950A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-24 | 北京化工大学 | Three-bed combination pyrolysis gasification and tar cracking integrated system for solid waste |
| CN105885950B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-04-26 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking integral system |
| CN108410503A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-17 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace and its process |
| CN108410503B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2023-06-27 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Reflux type high-temperature fixed bed gasifier and process method thereof |
| CN110397933A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-01 | 江苏太湖锅炉股份有限公司 | A kind of high viscosity thermal decomposition of organic wastes incineration system and its technique |
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