CN103863138B - 补偿燃料电池车电动机速度的装置和方法 - Google Patents
补偿燃料电池车电动机速度的装置和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供当旋转变压器确定为发生故障时补偿燃料电池车的电动机的速度的方法和装置。具体地,车轮速度传感器配置成检测驱动轮的车轮速度,并且ABS控制器配置成计算平均车轮速度并且将所计算的平均值传送到燃料电池控制器(FCU)。FCU配置成在检测到旋转变压器发生故障时接收与车轮速度相关的信息,并且基于与车轮速度相关的信息控制电动机的驱动,以使电动机可以保持操作。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2012年12月14日在韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请第10-2012-0146808号的优先权和权益,其全部内容引入本文以供参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及燃料电池车,且更具体地涉及用于补偿燃料电池车的电动机速度的装置,其即使在通常检测电动机速度的旋转变压器中发生故障也准确地补偿电动机的速度。
背景技术
根据对于车辆燃料效率改善的持续需求和各个国家关于废气排放更严格的规定,对环境友好型车辆的需求增加,并且混合动力车和燃料电池车变为该需求的现实替代方案。
燃料电池车与混合动力车和电动车的不同在于其使用可替换的动力源作为驱动电动机的方式。该可替换的动力源是燃料电池或者更具体地是燃料电池组。
具体地,燃料电池组通过在燃料电池组内由燃料(通常是氢)与氧化剂(通常是氧)之间的化学反应产生电来将电流提供到电动机。
根据使用的燃料电池的类型,供应的燃料可以是例如氢或天然气。无论如何,燃料电池由三种基本部件构成:阳极、电解质和阴极。在各三种不同部件的界面处发生两种化学反应。两种反应的最终结果是消耗燃料,产生水或者二氧化碳,并且产生可用于对车辆电动机提供动力的电流。
结果,燃料电池车没有有害排放,使得污染最小化。因此,燃料电池车很有可能在车辆工业中迅速变为领导者。
然而,关于这点,与一般的内燃机车辆相比,燃料电池车包括大量的部件并且具有复杂的***。因此,通常需要用于各个部件的异常操作的控制算法。然而,例如,目前不存在即使在通常检测电动机速度的旋转变压器中发生故障也有效且准确地补偿电动机速度的算法。
上述在该背景技术部分公开的信息仅用于增强对本发明背景的理解,因此其可能含有不构成在该国本领域普通技术人员已经知晓的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本发明致力于提供当发生故障时补偿燃料电池车的电动机中的故障且同时传送控制电动机驱动所需的速度信号的装置和方法。
更具体地,本发明的一个示例性实施方式提供用于补偿燃料电池车的电动机速度的装置。具体地,旋转变压器配置成在正常操作期间检测电动机的速度,并且车轮速度传感器配置成检测驱动轮的车轮速度。ABS控制器则配置成基于从车轮速度检测传感器接收的数据计算平均车轮速度并且将所计算的平均速度传送到燃料电池控制器。燃料电池控制器配置成在检测到旋转变压器内的故障时接收与车轮速度相关的信息,并且通过基于从ABS控制器所接收的车轮速度计算电动机的速度来控制电动机的驱动(的操作)。
燃料电池控制器可以在旋转变压器发生故障时通过应用从车轮速度传感器提供的所计算的车轮速度的平均值和最终减速齿轮比来计算电动机的速度。在这样做时,ABS控制器可以通过控制器局域网(CAN)通信来传送与车轮速度相关的信息(数据),并且燃料电池控制器可以通过CAN通信来接收与车轮速度相关的信息(数据)。例如每10ms进行该传送。另外,ABS控制器可以传送从位于车辆的所有四个车轮上的车轮速度传感器接收的车轮速度的平均值。
在本发明的某些示例性实施方式中,燃料电池控制器可以在旋转变压器确定为发生故障时切换到紧急操作模式以驱动电动机,并且当燃料电池控制器切换到紧急操作模式时还可以打开紧急指示器(例如,灯或者通知)。
本发明的另一示例性实施方式提供补偿燃料电池车的电动机速度的方法,包括:由燃料电池控制器监测用于检测电动机速度的旋转变压器;当确定旋转变压器的故障时,将燃料电池控制器切换到紧急操作模式;在燃料电池控制器处从ABS控制器接收与车轮速度相关的数据;以及根据所接收的车轮速度数据计算电动机的速度。
计算电动机速度的步骤可以包括通过将从车轮速度传感器提供的车轮速度的平均值和最终减速齿轮比应用于计算来计算电动机的速度。另外,可以通过CAN通信从ABS控制器接收与车轮速度相关的数据。
根据本发明的示例性的实施方式,通过将燃料电池控制器配置成经由CAN通信从ABS控制器接收车轮速度数据,并且基于所接收的车轮速度数据计算电动机的速度,可以在因旋转变压器内的故障而不能检测电动机速度时通过将燃料电池控制器切换到紧急操作模式来驱动车辆而无需停止车辆。
因此,即使旋转变压器发生故障也可以在操作期间增加燃料电池车的稳定性和可靠性。
附图说明
图1是示意性地示出根据本发明示例性实施方式的用于补偿燃料电池车的电动机速度的装置的图。
图2是示出根据本发明示例性实施方式的补偿燃料电池车的电动机速度的方法的流程图。
附图标记描述:
101:速度控制器 102:磁场减弱控制器
103:FCU 104:ABS控制器
105:MCU 110:CAN通信
300:电动机 310:旋转变压器
500:驱动轮 510:车轮速度传感器
具体实施方式
应理解,本文使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或其它类似术语包括通常的机动车,例如,经燃料电池源操作的包括多功能运动车(SUV)、公共汽车、卡车、各种商务车的客车,包括各种船只和船舶的水运工具,飞行器等等。
另外,应理解,以下方法通过至少一个控制器来执行。术语控制器或者控制单元是指包括存储器和处理器的硬件装置。存储器配置成储存模块,并且处理器具体配置成执行所述模块以实施以下进一步描述的一个或多个操作。
而且,本发明的控制逻辑可实施为含有通过处理器、控制器等执行的可执行程序指令的非暂时性计算机可读介质。计算机可读介质的例子包括但不限于,ROM、RAM、光盘(CD)-ROM、磁带、软盘、优盘、智能卡和光学数据存储装置。还能够在网络耦合的计算机***中分布计算机可读记录介质,使得例如通过远程信息处理服务器或控制器局域网(CAN)以分散的方式存储并且执行计算机可读介质。
本文使用的术语仅仅是为了说明具体实施方式的目的而不是意在限制本发明。如本文所使用的,单数形式“一个、一种(a、an)”和“该(the)”也意在包括复数形式,除非上下文中清楚指明。还可以理解的是,在该说明书中使用的术语“包括(comprises和/或comprising)”是指存在所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件,但是不排除存在或添加一个或多个其它特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或其群组。如本文所使用的,术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关所列项目的任何和所有组合。
在下面的详细描述中,通过示例说明的方式仅示出和描述本发明的某些示例性的实施方式。本领域技术人员可以意识到,可以以各种不同的方式来修改所描述的实施方式,只要不偏离本发明的精神或者范围即可。因此,认为附图和说明书本质上是示例说明性的而不是限制性的。在整个说明书中相同的附图标记指代相同的元件。
另外,在整个说明书中,除非有明确的相反说明,术语“包括(comprise)”及变形(comprises,comprising)应当被理解为包括所陈述的元件而不是排除其它元件。
图1是示意性地示出根据本发明示例性实施方式的用于补偿燃料电池车的电动机速度的装置的图。从图1中可以看出,根据本发明的示例性实施方式的用于补偿燃料电池车的电动机速度的装置包括速度控制器101、磁场减弱控制器102、燃料电池控制器(FCU)103、电动机控制单元(MCU)105、电动机300、旋转变压器310、驱动轮500、车轮速度传感器510和防抱死制动***(ABS)控制器104。
具体地,速度控制器101配置成检测由换档杆选择的档位并且向FCU103提供所检测的档位信息。磁场减弱控制器102设置为用于在行驶过程中高速驱动的目的并且根据施加来降低主电动机的场磁体的磁通量的控制信号控制电流值。
从图1中可以明显看出,FCU103是高水平的上级控制器,并且整体地控制通过网络连接的下级控制器且收集和分析各个下级控制器的信息从而控制燃料电池车的整体行为,例如ABS控制器、MCU等。当检测到旋转变压器510的故障时,FCU103不停止正在操作的车辆,但是切换到紧急模式从而根据从ABS控制器104所接收的数据计算驱动电动机300的速度。
当检测到旋转变压器510的故障时,FCU103通过采用从车轮速度传感器510提供的车轮速度数据诸如驱动轮500的速度的平均值、最终减速齿轮比和轮胎的直径来计算电动机300的速度。在这种情况下,FCU103可以例如通过例如控制器局域网(CAN)通信从ABS控制器104接收驱动轮500的速度。
MCU105可以包括逆变器和由多个功率开关元件形成的保护电路,并且可以将从电池106供应的DC电压转换为三相AC电压从而根据从FCU103施加的控制信号控制电动机300的操作。包括在MCU105中的功率开关元件可以包括绝缘门双极晶体管(IGBT)、MOSFET、晶体管和继电器中的任一个。
而且,包括在MCU105中的保护电路可以监测驱动功率的流动,并且当因各种原因诸如车辆的撞击或者碰撞而在驱动功率内包括过电压和过电流时分配或者阻塞驱动功率,并且亮灯,从而保护燃料电池车的整体***并且在过程中保护乘员。
可以使用通过MCU105供应的三相AC电压来驱动电动机300从而使其作为发电机工作。旋转变压器310检测(在正常操作期间,即当不发生故障时)电动机的转动速度并且将与所检测的转动速度相关的信息提供到FCU103从而根据操作需求和邻近环境条件反馈控制电动机300的速度和转矩。
在本发明的示例说明的实施方式中,车轮速度传感器510检测与行驶相应的驱动轮500的转动速度,并且将所检测的转动速度信息传送到ABS控制器104。
ABS控制器104配置成监测车辆的车轮以及施加于这些车轮的制动力从而防止车轮锁定并且提供更好的车辆整体控制。另外,在本发明的示例说明的实施方式中,ABS控制器还从四个车轮的车轮速度传感器510接收与车轮速度相关的数据以计算各个车轮的平均值,并且通过CAN通信110将所计算的平均值信息传送到FCU103(例如,每10ms)。
值得注意的是,除了以上的描述,还将包括上述功能的根据本发明的燃料电池车的一般操作等同或相似地执行到相关技术中的燃料电池车,从而省略其详细说明。
然而,在本发明的示例说明的实施方式中,在旋转变压器故障期间以可替换的方式计算电动机的速度,以便在发生这样的故障时保持稳定的反馈控制,如此仅详细描述与该计算相关的操作。
图2是示出根据本发明示例性实施方式的补偿燃料电池车的电动机速度的方法的流程图。在应用本发明的燃料电池车工作的情况下(S101),FCU103监测旋转变压器310的状态(S102)从而确定在旋转变压器310中是否检测到故障(S103)。当在S103中没有检测到旋转变压器310的故障时,FCU103根据从旋转变压器310提供的电动机300的速度执行反馈控制。
然而,当在S103中检测到旋转变压器310的故障时,FCU103切换到紧急操作模式(S104)。在紧急操作模式中,在本发明的某些示例性实施方式中,FCU103可以打开紧急灯、通知和/或者类似信号。也就是说,在上面的情形中,FCU103不再从旋转变压器310接收电动机的速度信息,所以收集/接收来自ABS控制器104的车轮平均速度信息(S105)。
在这种情况下,ABS控制器104从一个或者多个车轮(例如,所有四个车轮)的车轮速度传感器510周期性地接收车轮速度信息以计算这些车轮的平均速度值,并且通过例如CAN通信110传送所计算的平均速度值的信息,使得FCU103可以接收车轮平均速度信息以执行一个或者多个速度计算从而控制电动机。
在FCU103处接收到时,计算预定时期内的驱动轮的车轮速度的平均值,并且通过采用条件诸如平均车轮速度值、在目前档位条件下确定的最终减速齿轮比以及轮胎的半径来计算电动机300的速度(S106)。基于FCU103中的该速度计算,然后基于所计算的电动机300的速度控制电动机300(S107)。
如上所述,通过当在旋转变压器310中检测到故障时精确地计算电动机300的速度并将所计算的电动机300的速度应用到反馈控制,可以改善燃料电池车的稳定性和可靠性。
尽管本发明结合目前被认为是实用的示例性实施方式进行了描述,但应当理解本发明不限于所公开的实施方式。相反,本发明意在涵盖包括在随附权利要求的精神和范围内的各种变更和等同布置。
Claims (8)
1.一种在旋转变压器故障期间补偿燃料电池车的电动机的速度的装置,包括:
旋转变压器,配置成在正常操作期间检测所述电动机的速度;
车轮速度传感器,配置成检测安装于燃料电池车的驱动轮的车轮速度;
ABS控制器,配置成基于从所述车轮速度传感器接收的车轮速度计算平均车轮速度并且传送所计算的平均车轮速度;以及
燃料电池控制器,配置成检测所述旋转变压器的故障,当检测到所述旋转变压器的故障时接收来自所述ABS控制器的平均车轮速度,并且通过基于所述平均车轮速度计算所述电动机的速度来控制所述电动机的驱动,
其中所述燃料电池控制器配置成当检测到所述旋转变压器的故障时,基于所述平均车轮速度和最终减速齿轮比来计算所述电动机的速度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中:
所述ABS控制器通过控制器局域网通信传送所述平均车轮速度,并且所述燃料电池控制器通过所述控制器局域网通信接收所述平均车轮速度。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中:
所述ABS控制器每10ms通过所述控制器局域网通信传送所述平均车轮速度。
4.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中:
所述ABS控制器由从车辆四个车轮的各个车轮处的多个车轮速度传感器接收的车轮速度值计算平均车轮速度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中:
在检测到所述旋转变压器的故障时,所述燃料电池控制器切换到紧急操作模式,从而驱动燃料电池车的所述电动机。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置,其中:
当所述燃料电池控制器切换到所述紧急操作模式时,所述燃料电池控制器打开紧急指示器。
7.一种补偿燃料电池车的电动机的速度的方法,包括:
由燃料电池控制器监测在正常操作期间检测电动机的速度的旋转变压器;
当所述旋转变压器确定为发生故障时,由所述燃料电池控制器切换到紧急操作模式;
在所述燃料电池控制器处从ABS控制器接收与燃料电池车的一个或多个车轮相关的平均车轮速度数据;以及
由所述燃料电池控制器计算所述电动机的速度,
其中计算所述电动机的速度的步骤包括:
当确定所述旋转变压器发生故障时,基于平均车轮速度和最终减速齿轮比来计算所述电动机的速度。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中:
所述燃料电池控制器通过控制器局域网通信接收来自所述ABS控制器的平均车轮速度。
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KR101234657B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-01 | 2013-02-19 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 하이브리드 자동차의 모터속도 추정장치 및 방법 |
EP2527182A1 (de) | 2011-05-26 | 2012-11-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Diagnose eines Drehgebers |
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CN1877168A (zh) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-13 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 车辆驱动控制装置和方法 |
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CN102045024A (zh) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-04 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | 用于电动车的自我保护操作模式 |
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KR101484208B1 (ko) | 2015-01-21 |
US20140172210A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 |
CN103863138A (zh) | 2014-06-18 |
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DE102013222749B4 (de) | 2023-05-17 |
DE102013222749A1 (de) | 2014-06-18 |
US9233610B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
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