CN103820686A - Medium strength aluminium alloy wire with conductivity of 55% IACS, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Medium strength aluminium alloy wire with conductivity of 55% IACS, and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a medium strength aluminium alloy wire with conductivity of 55% IACS, and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of alloy manufacturing technology. The alloy elements comprise, by weight, 0.16%-0.22% of iron, 0.48%-0.54% of silicon, 0.62%-0.67% of magnesium, 0.01%-0.02% of boron and 0.02%-0.05% of ytterbium, with the balance being aluminium. The medium strength aluminium alloy wire with a product conductivity higher than or equal to 55% IACS and tensile strength higher than or equal to 315 MPa is obtained by processes of selecting materials, smelting liquid aluminium, adjusting liquid aluminium ingredients, carrying out purifying treatment, deslagging, standing with heat preservation, degassing, filtering with heat preservation, casting and crystallizing, rolling an aluminum rod, drawing and aging. The wire and cable produced by using the aluminium alloy can be erected continuously by a conventional construction process. In a circuit operation process, circuit loss can be reduced; construction fee can be reduced; and enormous economic benefits and social benefits can be brought about for power transmission and transformation industries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric conductivity 55%IACS aldural line and manufacture method thereof, specifically one relates to high-strength high-conductivity aluminium alloy electric conductor and manufacturing technology thereof, belongs to alloy manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
The exploitation of wire, the application history of existing more than 100 year, the exploitation of aluminium alloy conductor, the application history of existing more than 80 year.
Done since Aldrey aluminium alloy appears in overhead stranded conductor and nineteen twenty-one since the U.S. in 1898 is formally used pure aluminium vire, aluminium is widely applied in electrical industry as conductor.At the bottom of aluminium alloy has overcome the intensity of fine aluminium twisted wire, the shortcoming such as creep properties, resistance toheat be poor, make the development of conduction aluminium alloy more rapid.Aluminum stranded wire of aluminum alloy core (ACAR) is widely applied in the state such as the U.S., Canada of North America.
China implements employing " amphitypy three is new " product and technology in power construction in recent years, and the alloy products such as all aluminium alloy twisted wire, aluminum stranded wire of aluminum alloy core are able to a large amount of application.But a large amount of aldural line kind LHA1, the LHA2 that use of China at present, aluminium alloy electric conductivity is respectively 52.5%IACS and 53%IACS, has certain room for promotion with common hard-drawn aluminium wire electric conductivity 61%IACS.Therefore, further improving electric conductivity under the prerequisite that guarantees Al-alloy mechanical properties, is the direction that various countries investigator makes great efforts.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to develop a kind of can electric conductivity 55%IACS above, better aldural line of technique tolerance; Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of this aluminum alloy line.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the aldural line that a kind of electric conductivity is 55%IACS, formula rate is as follows by weight percentage: iron 0.16%-0.22%, silicon 0.48%-0.54%, magnesium 0.62%-0.67%, boron 0.01%-0.02%, ytterbium 0.02%-0.05%, all the other are aluminium.
Described aluminum alloy line diameter >=3.5mm, tensile strength >=315MPa, line diameter < 3.5mm, tensile strength >=325MPa, electric conductivity >=55%IACS, more than unit elongation >=3%.
Described electric conductivity is that the preparation method of aldural line of 55%IACS is as follows:
(1) material is selected: by weight percentage:
The selection of a, aluminium ingot: Si≤0.16% in the aluminium liquid being formed by aluminium ingot melting; Fe≤0.20%; Cu≤0.01%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.02%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
B, ferro-aluminum master alloy: Fe 5%; Si≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.1%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
C, aluminium silicon master alloy: Si 10%; Fe≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.1%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
D, aluminium boron master alloy: B 3%; Si≤0.2%; Fe≤0.4%; Cu≤0.01%; All the other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
E, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy: Yb 5%; Si≤0.2%; Fe≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; All the other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
F, magnesium ingot: Si≤0.005% in selected pure magnesium ingot; Fe≤0.004%; Cu≤0.003%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.02%; All the other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are magnesium;
(2) aluminium liquid melting: by weight: aluminium ingot 93.55-95.25 part, ferro-aluminum master alloy 0.1-0.8 part, the aluminium silicon master alloy 3.25-4.75 part of getting step (1) selection add in molten aluminium stove melts; Temperature of fusion is 690-730 ℃, and smelting time is 1-3h; Get aluminium boron master alloy 0.42-0.65 part and aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy 0.68-0.98 part, drop down continuous uniform in groove from molten aluminium stove to holding furnace and add;
After the fusing of aluminium liquid finishes completely, the temperature of aluminum liquid in holding furnace is controlled to 730-750 ℃, in the time that temperature of aluminum liquid is stablized 730-750 ℃, starts to add magnesium ingot 0.62-0.69 part;
(3) aluminium liquid composition is adjusted: by weight percentage: aluminium liquid is carried out to quick on-the-spot sample analysis with direct-reading spectrometer, monitored and adjusted each constituent content, guarantee that whole stove aluminium liquid composition is even, the content of each element is controlled: iron 0.16%-0.22%, silicon 0.48%-0.54%, magnesium 0.62%-0.67%, boron 0.01%-0.02%, ytterbium 0.02%-0.05%, all the other are aluminium;
(4) purifying treatment: step (3) gained temperature of aluminum liquid is warming up to 730-750 ℃, aluminium liquid is carried out to refining treatment; Be that carrier stainless steel tube is blown into the refining agent that consumption is furnace charge total mass 0.1%-0.5% in the aluminium liquid of holding furnace bottom with high pure nitrogen; Control nitrogen flow, take gentle boil as degree; Described nitrogen flow rate is 0.7-1m
3/ h, the inflated with nitrogen time is 5-10min;
(5) skim: step (4) is carried out after purifying treatment finishes aluminium liquid, make temperature be controlled at 720-750 ℃, leave standstill 5-10min, allow the floating aluminium liquid surface that causes of aluminium slag, open the door of skimming, the scum silica frost on liquid level surface taken off with slag-off machine, while skimming from inside to outside, slightly stop while taking off in stove gate slope, allow the aluminium liquid of taking out of pass back in stove, outside then slag being taken off and being come out of the stove;
(6) insulation leaves standstill: after above-mentioned each operation completes, aluminum solutions is incubated to leave standstill and processes, the temperature that leaves standstill insulation is 730-750 ℃, and the time is not less than 20min, while leaving standstill insulation, must not stir aluminium alloy solution; Control holding furnace pitch velocity, make to match with casting rate, avoid neglecting fast, suddenly slow;
(7) degassing processing: aluminium liquid enters degasification tank from holding furnace through dropping down groove, degasification tank transmission system drives graphite rotator to rotate, and uses nitrogen/argon gas to be blown into aluminium liquid via rotor shaft, shower nozzle; The graphite rotator of high speed rotating is broken up the nitrogen/argon gas that enters aluminium liquid to form a lot of small bubbles, it is dispersed in molten metal, rotating rotor is also impelled hydrogen, the non-metallic inclusion diffusion in molten aluminium simultaneously, make it to contact with bubble, bubble by the poor and surface adsorption principle of partial pressure, absorbs the hydrogen in melt, adsorption and oxidation slag inclusion in melt, and rise and taken out of bath surface with bubble, aluminium liquid is purified;
(8) insulation is filtered: step (7) gained aluminium liquid flows out from degasification tank, enters insulation filtration unit through dropping down groove, and aluminium liquid filters through ceramic fiber screen plate, the above slag core of filtering 30 μ m;
(9) casting crystallization: aluminium liquid flows into crystallizing wheel startup continuous mill and carries out level casting, pouring temperature is 690-710 ℃, fort and horizontal pouring mouth are watered in the combination of horizontal casting machine configuration level, avoid eddy current to improve casting idioplasm amount, and aluminium liquid is cooled to aluminum alloy ingot again through crystallizing wheel casting;
(10) aluminium bar rolling: the aluminum alloy ingot of step (9) ingot casting moulding is by intermediate frequency heater, is controlled at the temperature of entering to roll of aluminum alloy ingot in the scope of 490-520 ℃, aluminium alloy rod go out to roll temperature more than 350 ℃, after going out to roll, carry out immediately quench treatment;
(11) aluminium bar processing:
A, around bar take-up: to the aluminium bar after rolling by around lever apparatus around bar;
B, intensive treatment: carry out the hot intensive treatment of timeliness to receiving the aluminium alloy rod sequencing, temperature is controlled at 145-160 ℃, after enhanced time 3-5h, takes out;
C, aluminum steel draw to be dialled: the aluminium alloy rod intensity through intensive treatment is drawn and dialled in drawing passage is joined mould, and elongation control, between 1.2-1.3, is carried out Reasonable mould according to different wire diameters;
D, ageing treatment: the aluminum alloy line of drawing carries out ageing strengthening, aging temp 145-160 ℃, aging time 3-5 hour, obtaining product electric conductivity is the aldural line of 55%IACS.
The nitrogenous rate of described high pure nitrogen be 99.99% and more than.
The described refining agent formula of step (4) is as follows by weight percentage: the chlordene methane of the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) of 18%-22%, the Repone K of 32%-36%, 8%-12%, the potassium fluoborate of 5%-6%, the magnesium fluoride of 12%-16%, the wood charcoal powder of 10%-15% mix.
The described ceramic fiber screen plate of step (8) is 40pp ceramic filter plate.
In step (2), in the time that the melting of aluminium ingot finishes, add before magnesium ingot, if after in holding furnace, aluminium liquefies completely, aluminium boron master alloy, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy add not yet, remainingly drop into uniformly Lv Ye center and four jiaos, uniform stirring after melting with peel.
In step (2), in the time adding magnesium ingot, magnesium ingot is cut into fritter, then divide 4-8 to criticize and put into bell jar; And after preheating, rapidly bell jar is pressed in aluminium liquid a little in stove, then do " rice " font all around and move, until magnesium ingot fritter melts completely.While adding magnesium ingot, to note in batches each position in holding furnace add magnesium amount evenly, be also noted that simultaneously bell jar not in tow furnace bottom move, will move at blast furnace bottom aluminium liquid place slightly, in case drag bad furnace bottom, more can not move in case magnesium ingot scaling loss on the top of aluminium liquid.
All the other impurity described in the application refer to inevitable impurity in aluminium ingot, ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy, aluminium boron master alloy, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy and magnesium ingot.
Aluminum alloy line of the present invention has added rare earth ytterbium element, can improve wire intensity, simultaneously, the amplitude that electric conductivity declines reduces, and can make diameter >=3.5mm, tensile strength >=315MPa, line diameter < 3.5mm, tensile strength >=325MPa, electric conductivity >=55%IACS, the aldural line of unit elongation >=3%.
Aluminum substrate should adopt the aluminium ingot of trade mark AL99.60 or the above trade mark to carry out melting; Magnesium ingot is selected the above pure magnesium ingot of trade mark Mg99.95.
While adding magnesium, to note in batches each position in holding furnace add magnesium amount evenly, be also noted that simultaneously bell jar not in tow furnace bottom move, will move at blast furnace bottom aluminium liquid place slightly, in case drag bad furnace bottom, more can not move in case magnesium ingot scaling loss on the top of aluminium liquid.
Control nitrogen flow, do not allow aluminium liquid seethe fierce especially, flow control is take gentle boil as degree.The nitrogen flow time can be a little longer, is conducive to the aluminium liquid degasification of holding furnace.
The aluminum alloy ingot of ingot casting moulding is by intermediate frequency heater, and the temperature of entering to roll of aluminum alloy ingot is controlled in the scope of 490-520 ℃, and that guarantees each alloying element has higher solubleness in aluminium.
The aluminium alloy rod of roll forming will carry out quench treatment immediately, improves the solid solubility of each element in aluminium.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared with prior art, its advantage is the method with heavy rare earth element ytterbium (Yb) microalloying in the present invention, one, can promote the precipitation of the solid solution elements such as Mg in aluminium alloy, Fe, Si, improves the conductivity of aluminium alloy; Two, can promote second-phase nodularization, reduce the impact of aluminium alloy strengthening phase on conductivity; Three, can improve the microhardness of aluminum alloy line, improve the intensity of aluminum alloy line; Four, in low temperature aging process, more easily promote Mg
5si
6separating out of alloy strengthening phase.Being added under the prerequisite that guarantees strengthening effect of heavy rare earths ytterbium (Yb) element, has reduced the impact of alloying element on aluminium electric conductivity.Meanwhile, strictly control Mg, Fe, Si content and ratio thereof, and through boronation, refining, the art breading such as timeliness, can make electric conductivity >=55%IACS, tensile strength >=315MPa, the aldural line of unit elongation >=3%.The electric wire that utilizes this aluminium alloy to produce, can continue to use traditional construction technology to set up; In circuit operational process, reduce line losses, save executive cost, bring huge economic benefit and social benefit to power transmission and transformation industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is production technological process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 present device figure.
1, drop down groove; 2, holding furnace; 3, molten aluminium stove; 4, degasification tank; 5, thermal-insulation filter box; 6, crystallizing wheel; 7, intermediate frequency heater; 8, milling train; 9, around lever apparatus.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Electric conductivity is an aldural line of 55%IACS, and formula rate is as follows by weight percentage: iron 0.16%-0.22%, and silicon 0.48%-0.54%, magnesium 0.62%-0.67%, boron 0.01%-0.02%, ytterbium 0.02%-0.05%, all the other are aluminium.
Described electric conductivity is the preparation method of the aldural line of 55%IACS, and step is as follows:
(1) material is selected: by weight percentage:
The selection of a, aluminium ingot: select the aluminium ingot of 8 tons of trade mark Al99.70, Si 0.08%; Fe 0.15%; Cu 0.002%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V 0.015%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
B, ferro-aluminum master alloy: ferro-aluminum master alloy 52kg, Fe 5%; Si 0.16%; Cu 0.008%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.03%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
C, aluminium silicon master alloy: aluminium silicon master alloy 335kg, Si 10%; Fe 0.18%; Cu 0.004%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.052%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
D, aluminium boron master alloy: aluminium boron master alloy 40kg, B 2.89%; Si 0.16%; Fe 0.24%; Cu 0.01%; Other remaining every kind of foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
E, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy: aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy 60kg, Yb 5%; Si 0.12%; Fe 0.15%; Cu 0.045%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
F, magnesium ingot: trade mark Mg99.95 magnesium ingot 55kg, Si 0.0007% in selected pure magnesium ingot; Fe 0.0015%; Cu 0.002%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V 0.0001%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are magnesium;
(2) aluminium liquid melting: get aluminium ingot, ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy that step (1) selects and add in molten aluminium stove and melt; Temperature of fusion is 730 ℃, and smelting time is 1h; Get aluminium boron master alloy and aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy, add from molten aluminium stove (3) to the interior continuous uniform of groove (1) that drops down of holding furnace (2);
In the time that the melting of aluminium ingot finishes, if in holding furnace (2) aluminium liquefaction full after, aluminium boron master alloy, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy add not yet, remainingly drop into uniformly Lv Ye center and four jiaos, uniform stirring after melting with peel;
After the fusing of aluminium liquid finishes completely, the temperature of aluminum liquid in holding furnace (2) is controlled to 745 ℃, in the time that temperature of aluminum liquid is stablized 745 ℃, starts to add magnesium ingot 55kg; Divide 7 batches to put into bell jar magnesium ingot, magnesium ingot cuts into fritter; In stove, after preheating, rapidly bell jar is pressed in aluminium liquid a little, then does " rice " font all around and move, until magnesium ingot fritter melts completely;
(3) aluminium liquid composition is adjusted: by weight percentage: aluminium liquid is carried out to quick on-the-spot sample analysis with direct-reading spectrometer, monitored and adjust each constituent content, guarantee that whole stove aluminium liquid composition is even, the content of each element is controlled; Fe 0.182%, Si 0.513%, Mg 0.625%, B 0.014%, Yb 0.035%, Ti+Mn+Cr+V 0.021%, other foreign matter content≤0.03%, all the other are aluminium.Meet the requirement of electric conductivity 55%IACS aldural line composition.
(4) purifying treatment: step (3) gained temperature of aluminum liquid is warming up to 740 ℃, aluminium liquid is carried out to refining treatment; The stainless steel tube that with high pure nitrogen is carrier diameter 18mm is blown into the refining agent that consumption is furnace charge total mass 14kg in the aluminium liquid of holding furnace (2) bottom; Control nitrogen flow, take gentle boil as degree; Described nitrogen flow rate is 1m
3/ h, the inflated with nitrogen time is 5min;
(5) skim: step (4) is carried out after purifying treatment finishes aluminium liquid, make temperature be controlled at 745 ℃, leave standstill 8min, allow the floating aluminium liquid surface that causes of aluminium slag, open the door of skimming, the scum silica frost on liquid level surface taken off with slag-off machine, while skimming from inside to outside, slightly stop while taking off in stove gate slope, allow the aluminium liquid of taking out of pass back in stove, outside then slag being taken off and being come out of the stove;
(6) insulation leaves standstill: after above-mentioned each operation completes, aluminum solutions is incubated to leave standstill and processes, the temperature that leaves standstill insulation is 745 ℃, and the time is not less than 20min, while leaving standstill insulation, must not stir aluminium alloy solution; Control holding furnace pitch velocity, make to match with casting rate, avoid neglecting fast, suddenly slow;
(7) degassing processing: aluminium liquid enters degasification tank (4) from holding furnace (2) through dropping down groove, degasification tank (4) transmission system drives graphite rotator to rotate, and uses nitrogen/argon gas to be blown into aluminium liquid via rotor shaft, shower nozzle; The graphite rotator of high speed rotating is broken up the nitrogen/argon gas that enters aluminium liquid to form a lot of small bubbles, it is dispersed in molten metal, rotating rotor is also impelled hydrogen, the non-metallic inclusion diffusion in molten aluminium simultaneously, make it to contact with bubble, bubble by the poor and surface adsorption principle of partial pressure, absorbs the hydrogen in melt, adsorption and oxidation slag inclusion in melt, and rise and taken out of bath surface with bubble, aluminium liquid is purified;
(8) insulation is filtered: step (7) gained aluminium liquid flows out from degasification tank (4), enters thermal-insulation filter box (5) through dropping down groove, and aluminium liquid filters through ceramic fiber screen plate, the above slag core of filtering 30 μ m;
(9) casting crystallization: aluminium liquid flows into crystallizing wheel (6) startup milling train (8) and carries out level casting, pouring temperature is 700 ℃, fort and horizontal pouring mouth are watered in the combination of horizontal casting machine configuration level, avoid eddy current to improve casting idioplasm amount, and aluminium liquid is cooled to aluminum alloy ingot again through crystallizing wheel (6) casting;
(10) aluminium bar rolling: the aluminum alloy ingot of step (9) ingot casting moulding by intermediate frequency heater (7), is controlled at 500 ℃ by the temperature of entering to roll of aluminum alloy ingot, aluminium alloy rod go out to roll temperature at 380 ℃, after going out to roll, carry out immediately quench treatment;
(11) aluminium bar processing:
A, around bar take-up: to the aluminium bar after rolling by around lever apparatus (9) around bar;
B, intensive treatment: carry out the hot intensive treatment of timeliness to receiving the aluminium alloy rod sequencing, temperature is controlled at 155 ℃, after enhanced time 3h, takes out; Aluminium bar intensity reaches 220MPa, and electric conductivity is 54.5%IACS.
C, aluminum steel draw to be dialled: the aluminium alloy rod intensity through intensive treatment is drawn and dialled in drawing passage is joined mould, on drawing wire machine, will play into the aluminium alloy single line that diameter is 3.22mm and 4.53mm, draw the elongation control of joining mould between 1.2-1.3.
D, ageing treatment: the aluminum alloy line of drawing carries out ageing strengthening, 150 ℃ of aging temps, aging time 4.5 hours, obtaining product electric conductivity is the aldural line of 55%IACS.
Aluminum alloy line performance after testing: diameter 3.22mm single line: single line intensity 330 ~ 345MPa, electric conductivity 55.8-56.6%, elongation 5-7%; Diameter 4.53mm single line: single line intensity 320 ~ 336MPa, electric conductivity 56.1-56.8%, elongation 5-7%.
The nitrogenous rate of described high pure nitrogen be 99.99% and more than.
The described refining agent formula of step (4) is as follows by weight: the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) of 18 parts, the Repone K of 32 parts, the chlordene methane of 8 parts, the potassium fluoborate of 5 parts, the magnesium fluoride of 12 parts, the wood charcoal powder of 10 parts mix.
The described ceramic fiber screen plate of step (8) is 40pp ceramic filter plate.
Electric conductivity is an aldural line of 55%IACS, and formula rate is as follows by weight percentage: iron 0.16%-0.22%, and silicon 0.48%-0.54%, magnesium 0.62%-0.67%, boron 0.01%-0.02%, ytterbium 0.02%-0.05%, all the other are aluminium.
Described electric conductivity is the preparation method of the aldural line of 55%IACS, and step is as follows:
(1) material is selected: by weight percentage:
The selection of a, aluminium ingot: select the aluminium ingot of 7.5 tons of trade mark Al99.60, in the aluminium liquid that guarantees to be formed by aluminium ingot melting: Si 0.12%; Fe 0.19%; Cu 0.009%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V 0.02%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
B, ferro-aluminum master alloy: ferro-aluminum master alloy 10kg, Fe 5%; Si 0.18%; Cu 0.008%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.03%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
C, aluminium silicon master alloy: aluminium silicon master alloy 305kg, Si 10%; Fe 0.18%; Cu 0.004%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.052%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
D, aluminium boron master alloy: aluminium boron master alloy 50kg, B 3%; Si 0.08%; Fe 0.15%; Cu 0.045%; Other remaining every kind of foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
E, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy: aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy 72 kg, Yb 5%; Si≤0.2%; Fe≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
F, magnesium ingot: trade mark Mg99.95 magnesium ingot 52kg, Si 0.0007% in selected pure magnesium ingot; Fe 0.0015%; Cu 0.002%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V 0.0001%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are magnesium;
(2) aluminium liquid melting: get aluminium ingot, ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy that step (1) selects and add in molten aluminium stove (3) and melt; Temperature of fusion is 730 ℃, and smelting time is 1h; Get aluminium boron master alloy and aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy, add from molten aluminium stove (3) to the interior continuous uniform of groove (1) that drops down of holding furnace (2);
In the time that the melting of aluminium ingot finishes, if in holding furnace (2) aluminium liquefaction full after, aluminium boron master alloy, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy add not yet, remainingly drop into uniformly Lv Ye center and four jiaos, uniform stirring after melting with peel;
After the fusing of aluminium liquid finishes completely, the temperature of aluminum liquid in holding furnace (2) is controlled to 740 ℃, in the time that temperature of aluminum liquid is stablized 740 ℃, starts to add magnesium ingot 52kg; Divide 4 batches to put into bell jar magnesium ingot, magnesium ingot cuts into fritter; In stove, after preheating, rapidly bell jar is pressed in aluminium liquid a little, then does " rice " font all around and move, until magnesium ingot fritter melts completely;
(3) aluminium liquid composition is adjusted: by weight percentage: aluminium liquid is carried out to quick on-the-spot sample analysis with direct-reading spectrometer, monitored and adjust each constituent content, guarantee that whole stove aluminium liquid composition is even, the content of each element is controlled; Fe 0.193%, Si 0.535%, Mg 0.652%, B 0.018%, Yb 0.047%, Ti+Mn+Cr+V 0.021%, other foreign matter content≤0.03%, all the other are aluminium.
(4) purifying treatment: step (3) gained temperature of aluminum liquid is warming up to 740 ℃, aluminium liquid is carried out to refining treatment; The stainless steel tube that with high pure nitrogen is carrier diameter 18mm is blown into the refining agent that consumption is furnace charge total mass 14kg in the aluminium liquid of holding furnace (2) bottom; Control nitrogen flow, take gentle boil as degree; Described nitrogen flow rate is 0.9m
3/ h, the inflated with nitrogen time is 7min;
(5) skim: step (4) is carried out after purifying treatment finishes aluminium liquid, make temperature be controlled at 720-750 ℃, leave standstill 5-10min, allow the floating aluminium liquid surface that causes of aluminium slag, open the door of skimming, the scum silica frost on liquid level surface taken off with slag-off machine, while skimming from inside to outside, slightly stop while taking off in stove gate slope, allow the aluminium liquid of taking out of pass back in stove, outside then slag being taken off and being come out of the stove;
(6) insulation leaves standstill: after above-mentioned each operation completes, aluminum solutions is incubated to leave standstill and processes, the temperature that leaves standstill insulation is 745 ℃, and the time is not less than 20min, while leaving standstill insulation, must not stir aluminium alloy solution; Control holding furnace (2) pitch velocity, make to match with casting rate, avoid neglecting fast, suddenly slow;
(7) degassing processing: aluminium liquid enters degasification tank (4) from holding furnace (2) through dropping down groove, degasification tank (4) transmission system drives graphite rotator to rotate, and uses nitrogen/argon gas to be blown into aluminium liquid via rotor shaft, shower nozzle; The graphite rotator of high speed rotating is broken up the nitrogen/argon gas that enters aluminium liquid to form a lot of small bubbles, it is dispersed in molten metal, rotating rotor is also impelled hydrogen, the non-metallic inclusion diffusion in molten aluminium simultaneously, make it to contact with bubble, bubble by the poor and surface adsorption principle of partial pressure, absorbs the hydrogen in melt, adsorption and oxidation slag inclusion in melt, and rise and taken out of bath surface with bubble, aluminium liquid is purified;
(8) insulation is filtered: step (7) gained aluminium liquid flows out from degasification tank (4), enters thermal-insulation filter box (5) through dropping down groove, and aluminium liquid filters through ceramic fiber screen plate, the above slag core of filtering 30 μ m;
(9) casting crystallization: aluminium liquid flows into crystallizing wheel (6) startup milling train (8) and carries out level casting, pouring temperature is 710 ℃, fort and horizontal pouring mouth are watered in the combination of horizontal casting machine configuration level, avoid eddy current to improve casting idioplasm amount, and aluminium liquid is cooled to aluminum alloy ingot again through crystallizing wheel (6) casting;
(10) aluminium bar rolling: the aluminum alloy ingot of step (9) ingot casting moulding is by intermediate frequency heater (7), is controlled at the temperature of entering to roll of aluminum alloy ingot in the scope of 510 ℃, aluminium alloy rod go out to roll temperature more than 360 ℃, after going out to roll, carry out immediately quench treatment;
(11) aluminium bar processing:
A, around bar take-up: to the aluminium bar after rolling by around lever apparatus (9) around bar;
B, intensive treatment: carry out the hot intensive treatment of timeliness to receiving the aluminium alloy rod sequencing, temperature is controlled at 150 ℃, after enhanced time 4h, takes out; Aluminium bar intensity reaches 225MPa, and electric conductivity is 54.3%IACS.
C, aluminum steel draw to be dialled: the aluminium alloy rod intensity through intensive treatment is drawn and dialled in drawing passage is joined mould, on drawing wire machine, will play into the aluminium alloy single line that diameter is 3.22mm and 4.53mm, draw the elongation control of joining mould between 1.2-1.3.
D, ageing treatment: the aluminum alloy line of drawing carries out ageing strengthening, 145 ℃ of aging temps, aging time 5 hours, obtaining product electric conductivity is the aldural line of 55%IACS.
Aluminum alloy line performance after testing: diameter 3.22mm single line: single line intensity 328 ~ 346MPa, electric conductivity 55.4-56.5%, elongation 5-7.2%; Diameter 4.53mm single line: single line intensity 322 ~ 340MPa, electric conductivity 55.7-56.9%, elongation 6-8%.
The nitrogenous rate of described high pure nitrogen be 99.99% and more than.
The described refining agent formula of step (4) is as follows by weight: the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) of 22 parts, the Repone K of 36 parts, the chlordene methane of 12 parts, the potassium fluoborate of 6 parts, the magnesium fluoride of 16 parts, the wood charcoal powder of 15 parts mix.
The described ceramic fiber screen plate of step (8) is 40pp ceramic filter plate.
Electric conductivity is an aldural line of 55%IACS, and formula rate is as follows by weight percentage: iron 0.2%, and silicon 0.51%, magnesium 0.66%, boron 0.015%, ytterbium 0.04%, all the other are aluminium.
Described electric conductivity is the preparation method of the aldural line of 55%IACS, and step is as follows:
(1) material is selected: by weight percentage:
The selection of a, aluminium ingot: Si≤0.16% in the aluminium liquid that guarantees to be formed by aluminium ingot melting; Fe≤0.20%; Cu≤0.01%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.02%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
B, ferro-aluminum master alloy: Fe 5%; Si≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.1%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
C, aluminium silicon master alloy: Si 10%; Fe≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.1%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
D, aluminium boron master alloy: B 3%; Si≤0.2%; Fe≤0.4%; Cu≤0.01%; Other remaining every kind of foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
E, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy: Yb 5%; Si≤0.2%; Fe≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
F, magnesium ingot: Si≤0.005% in selected pure magnesium ingot; Fe≤0.004%; Cu≤0.003%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.02%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are magnesium;
(2) aluminium liquid melting: by weight: get 4.35 parts of 0.4 part of 94.85 parts of aluminium ingots, ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloys that step (1) selects and add in molten aluminium stove and melt; Temperature of fusion is 710 ℃, and smelting time is 2h; Get 0.8 part of 0.55 part of aluminium boron master alloy and aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy, add from molten aluminium stove (3) to the interior continuous uniform of groove (1) that drops down of holding furnace (2);
In the time that the melting of aluminium ingot finishes, if in holding furnace (2) aluminium liquefaction full after, aluminium boron master alloy, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy add not yet, remainingly drop into uniformly Lv Ye center and four jiaos, uniform stirring after melting with peel;
After the fusing of aluminium liquid finishes completely, the temperature of aluminum liquid in holding furnace (2) is controlled to 730 ℃, in the time that temperature of aluminum liquid is stablized 730 ℃, starts to add 0.65 part of magnesium ingot; Divide 8 batches to put into bell jar magnesium ingot, magnesium ingot cuts into fritter; In stove, after preheating, rapidly bell jar is pressed in aluminium liquid a little, then does " rice " font all around and move, until magnesium ingot fritter melts completely;
(3) aluminium liquid composition is adjusted: by weight percentage: aluminium liquid is carried out to quick on-the-spot sample analysis with direct-reading spectrometer, monitored and adjusted each constituent content, guarantee that whole stove aluminium liquid composition is even, the content of each element is controlled: iron 0.21%, silicon 0.53%, magnesium 0.65%, boron 0.015%, ytterbium 0.04%, all the other are aluminium;
(4) purifying treatment: step (3) gained temperature of aluminum liquid is warming up to 740 ℃, aluminium liquid is carried out to refining treatment; Be that carrier stainless steel tube is blown into the refining agent that consumption is furnace charge total mass 0.45% in the aluminium liquid of holding furnace (2) bottom with high pure nitrogen; Control nitrogen flow, take gentle boil as degree; Described nitrogen flow rate is 0.9m
3/ h, the inflated with nitrogen time is 6min;
(5) skim: step (4) is carried out after purifying treatment finishes aluminium liquid, make temperature be controlled at 740 ℃, leave standstill 10min, allow the floating aluminium liquid surface that causes of aluminium slag, open the door of skimming, the scum silica frost on liquid level surface taken off with slag-off machine, while skimming from inside to outside, slightly stop while taking off in stove gate slope, allow the aluminium liquid of taking out of pass back in stove, outside then slag being taken off and being come out of the stove;
(6) insulation leaves standstill: after above-mentioned each operation completes, aluminum solutions is incubated to leave standstill and processes, the temperature that leaves standstill insulation is 740 ℃, and the time is not less than 20min, while leaving standstill insulation, must not stir aluminium alloy solution; Control holding furnace pitch velocity, make to match with casting rate, avoid neglecting fast, suddenly slow;
(7) degassing processing: aluminium liquid enters degasification tank (4) from holding furnace (2) through dropping down groove, degasification tank (4) transmission system drives graphite rotator to rotate, and uses nitrogen/argon gas to be blown into aluminium liquid via rotor shaft, shower nozzle; The graphite rotator of high speed rotating is broken up the nitrogen/argon gas that enters aluminium liquid to form a lot of small bubbles, it is dispersed in molten metal, rotating rotor is also impelled hydrogen, the non-metallic inclusion diffusion in molten aluminium simultaneously, make it to contact with bubble, bubble by the poor and surface adsorption principle of partial pressure, absorbs the hydrogen in melt, adsorption and oxidation slag inclusion in melt, and rise and taken out of bath surface with bubble, aluminium liquid is purified;
(8) insulation is filtered: step (7) gained aluminium liquid flows out from degasification tank (4), enters thermal-insulation filter box (5) through dropping down groove (1), and aluminium liquid filters through ceramic fiber screen plate, the above slag core of filtering 30 μ m;
(9) casting crystallization: aluminium liquid flows into crystallizing wheel (6) startup milling train (8) and carries out level casting, pouring temperature is 700 ℃, fort and horizontal pouring mouth are watered in the combination of horizontal casting machine configuration level, avoid eddy current to improve casting idioplasm amount, and aluminium liquid is cooled to aluminum alloy ingot again through crystallizing wheel (6) casting;
(10) aluminium bar rolling: the aluminum alloy ingot of step (9) ingot casting moulding is by intermediate frequency heater (7), is controlled at the temperature of entering to roll of aluminum alloy ingot in the scope of 520 ℃, aluminium alloy rod go out to roll temperature more than 380 ℃, after going out to roll, carry out immediately quench treatment;
(11) aluminium bar processing:
A, around bar take-up: to the aluminium bar after rolling by around lever apparatus around bar;
B, intensive treatment: carry out the hot intensive treatment of timeliness to receiving the aluminium alloy rod sequencing, temperature is controlled at 160 ℃, after enhanced time 3h, takes out;
C, aluminum steel draw to be dialled: the aluminium alloy rod intensity through intensive treatment is drawn and dialled in drawing passage is joined mould, and elongation control, between 1.2, is carried out Reasonable mould according to different wire diameters;
D, ageing treatment: the aluminum alloy line of drawing carries out ageing strengthening, 160 ℃ of aging temps, aging time 3 hours, obtaining product electric conductivity is the aldural line of 55%IACS.
The nitrogenous rate of described high pure nitrogen be 99.99% and more than.
The described refining agent formula of step (4) is as follows by weight: the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) of 19 parts, the Repone K of 34 parts, the chlordene methane of 11 parts, the potassium fluoborate of 5 parts, the magnesium fluoride of 15 parts, the wood charcoal powder of 13 parts mix.
The described ceramic fiber screen plate of step (8) is 40pp ceramic filter plate.
Above-mentioned is only to summary of the present invention and displaying.This invention is not limited to this; unless appended requirement is defined to some extent; those skilled in the art are under the guidance of this specification sheets; obviously can adjust formula for a product, processing parameter and delete part process procedure; be applicable to thereby make the wire product that other field is used, these are all within protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the aldural line that electric conductivity is 55%IACS, is characterized in that formula rate is as follows by weight percentage: iron 0.16%-0.22%, and silicon 0.48%-0.54%, magnesium 0.62%-0.67%, boron 0.01%-0.02%, ytterbium 0.02%-0.05%, all the other are aluminium.
2. the aldural line that electric conductivity is 55%IACS as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described aluminum alloy line diameter >=3.5mm, tensile strength >=315MPa, line diameter < 3.5mm, tensile strength >=325MPa, electric conductivity >=55%IACS, more than unit elongation >=3%.
3. the preparation method of the aldural line that described in claim 1, electric conductivity is 55%IACS, is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) material is selected: by weight percentage:
The selection of a, aluminium ingot: Si≤0.16% in the aluminium liquid being formed by aluminium ingot melting; Fe≤0.20%; Cu≤0.01%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.02%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
B, ferro-aluminum master alloy: Fe 5%; Si≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.1%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
C, aluminium silicon master alloy: Si 10%; Fe≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.1%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
D, aluminium boron master alloy: B 3%; Si≤0.2%; Fe≤0.4%; Cu≤0.01%; All the other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
E, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy: Yb 5%; Si≤0.2%; Fe≤0.2%; Cu≤0.1%; All the other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are aluminium;
F, magnesium ingot: Si≤0.005% in selected pure magnesium ingot; Fe≤0.004%; Cu≤0.003%; Ti+Mn+Cr+V≤0.02%; Other foreign matter content≤0.03%; All the other are magnesium;
(2) aluminium liquid melting: by weight: aluminium ingot 93.55-95.25 part, ferro-aluminum master alloy 0.1-0.8 part, the aluminium silicon master alloy 3.25-4.75 part of getting step (1) selection add in molten aluminium stove melts; Temperature of fusion is 690-730 ℃, and smelting time is 1-3h; Get aluminium boron master alloy 0.42-0.65 part and aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy 0.68-0.98 part, drop down continuous uniform in groove from molten aluminium stove to holding furnace and add;
After the fusing of aluminium liquid finishes completely, the temperature of aluminum liquid in holding furnace is controlled to 730-750 ℃, in the time that temperature of aluminum liquid is stablized 730-750 ℃, starts to add magnesium ingot 0.62-0.69 part;
(3) aluminium liquid composition is adjusted: by weight percentage: aluminium liquid is carried out to quick on-the-spot sample analysis with direct-reading spectrometer, monitored and adjusted each constituent content, guarantee that whole stove aluminium liquid composition is even, the content of each element is controlled: iron 0.16%-0.22%, silicon 0.48%-0.54%, magnesium 0.62%-0.67%, boron 0.01%-0.02%, ytterbium 0.02%-0.05%, all the other are aluminium;
(4) purifying treatment: step (3) gained temperature of aluminum liquid is warming up to 730-750 ℃, aluminium liquid is carried out to refining treatment; Be that carrier stainless steel tube is blown into the refining agent that consumption is furnace charge total mass 0.1%-0.5% in the aluminium liquid of holding furnace bottom with high pure nitrogen; Control nitrogen flow, take gentle boil as degree; Described nitrogen flow rate is 0.7-1m
3/ h, the inflated with nitrogen time is 5-10min;
(5) skim: step (4) is carried out after purifying treatment finishes aluminium liquid, make temperature be controlled at 720-750 ℃, leave standstill 5-10min, allow the floating aluminium liquid surface that causes of aluminium slag, open the door of skimming, the scum silica frost on liquid level surface taken off with slag-off machine, while skimming from inside to outside, slightly stop while taking off in stove gate slope, allow the aluminium liquid of taking out of pass back in stove, outside then slag being taken off and being come out of the stove;
(6) insulation leaves standstill: after above-mentioned each operation completes, aluminum solutions is incubated to leave standstill and processes, the temperature that leaves standstill insulation is 730-750 ℃, and the time is not less than 20min, while leaving standstill insulation, must not stir aluminium alloy solution; Control holding furnace pitch velocity, make to match with casting rate, avoid neglecting fast, suddenly slow;
(7) degassing processing: aluminium liquid enters degasification tank from holding furnace through dropping down groove, degasification tank transmission system drives graphite rotator to rotate, and uses nitrogen/argon gas to be blown into aluminium liquid via rotor shaft, shower nozzle; The graphite rotator of high speed rotating is broken up the nitrogen/argon gas that enters aluminium liquid to form a lot of small bubbles, it is dispersed in molten metal, rotating rotor is also impelled hydrogen, the non-metallic inclusion diffusion in molten aluminium simultaneously, make it to contact with bubble, bubble by the poor and surface adsorption principle of partial pressure, absorbs the hydrogen in melt, adsorption and oxidation slag inclusion in melt, and rise and taken out of bath surface with bubble, aluminium liquid is purified;
(8) insulation is filtered: step (7) gained aluminium liquid flows out from degasification tank, enters insulation filtration unit through dropping down groove, and aluminium liquid filters through ceramic fiber screen plate, the above slag core of filtering 30 μ m;
(9) casting crystallization: aluminium liquid flows into crystallizing wheel startup continuous mill and carries out level casting, pouring temperature is 690-710 ℃, fort and horizontal pouring mouth are watered in the combination of horizontal casting machine configuration level, avoid eddy current to improve casting idioplasm amount, and aluminium liquid is cooled to aluminum alloy ingot again through crystallizing wheel casting;
(10) aluminium bar rolling: the aluminum alloy ingot of step (9) ingot casting moulding is by intermediate frequency heater, is controlled at the temperature of entering to roll of aluminum alloy ingot in the scope of 490-520 ℃, aluminium alloy rod go out to roll temperature more than 350 ℃, after going out to roll, carry out immediately quench treatment;
(11) aluminium bar processing:
A, around bar take-up: to the aluminium bar after rolling by around lever apparatus around bar;
B, intensive treatment: carry out the hot intensive treatment of timeliness to receiving the aluminium alloy rod sequencing, temperature is controlled at 145-160 ℃, after enhanced time 3-5h, takes out;
C, aluminum steel draw to be dialled: the aluminium alloy rod intensity through intensive treatment is drawn and dialled in drawing passage is joined mould, and elongation control, between 1.2-1.3, is carried out Reasonable mould according to different wire diameters;
D, ageing treatment: the aluminum alloy line of drawing carries out ageing strengthening, aging temp 145-160 ℃, aging time 3-5 hour, obtaining product electric conductivity is the aldural line of 55%IACS.
4. the preparation method of the aldural line that electric conductivity is 55%IACS as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the nitrogenous rate of described high pure nitrogen be 99.99% and more than.
5. the preparation method of the aldural line that electric conductivity is 55%IACS as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the described refining agent formula of step (4) is as follows by weight percentage: the chlordene methane of the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) of 18%-22%, the Repone K of 32%-36%, 8%-12%, the potassium fluoborate of 5%-6%, the magnesium fluoride of 12%-16%, the wood charcoal powder of 10%-15% mix.
6. the preparation method of the aldural line that electric conductivity is 55%IACS as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the described ceramic fiber screen plate of step (8) is 40pp ceramic filter plate.
7. the preparation method of the aldural line that electric conductivity is 55%IACS as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: in step (2), in the time that the melting of aluminium ingot finishes, add before magnesium ingot, if after in holding furnace, aluminium liquefies completely, aluminium boron master alloy, aluminium ytterbium rare earth intermediate alloy add not yet, remainingly drop into uniformly Lv Ye center and four jiaos, uniform stirring after melting with peel.
8. the preparation method of the aldural line that electric conductivity is 55%IACS as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (2), in the time adding magnesium ingot, magnesium ingot is cut into fritter, then divide 4-8 to criticize and put into bell jar; And after preheating, rapidly bell jar is pressed in aluminium liquid a little in stove, then do " rice " font all around and move, until magnesium ingot fritter melts completely.
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