CN103728994A - Cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method - Google Patents
Cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method and belongs to the technical field of cement production and discharging safety. An SCR reactor denitration efficiency control device comprises an inlet detection device, an outlet detection device, a calculation control device, and an ammonia spraying control device, wherein the outlet detection device is used for periodically testing the content of NOx and ammonia in smoke and sending the content value to the calculation control device; the calculation control device is used for receiving periodical data of the outlet detection device, accurately calculating the denotation efficiency of a reactor and the escape amount of the ammonia, and sending a control instruction to the ammonia spraying control device in the SCR reactor according to the calculated data result; the ammonia spraying control device is used for receiving the control instruction, periodically sending real-time ammonia spraying amount data to the calculation control device and controlling ammonia spraying amount by receiving the control instruction. The cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method is aimed to accurately measure and precisely control the denitration efficiency of the SCR reactor, the escape ratio of the ammonia and the ammonia spraying amount and reduces the escape amount of the ammonia while high denitration efficiency is maintained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to manufacture of cement discharge safety technique field, be specifically related to cement mill SCR denitration efficiency monitoring and control method.
Background technology
NOx is common atmosphere pollution, very big for the detrimental effect of environment.NOx mainly comprises NO and NO
2, can bring out city photo-chemical smog, stimulate human lung.China's cement output occupies the first in the world at present, and cement industry is the third-largest NOx emission source of China, and within 2011, NOx discharge capacity reaches 384.3 ten thousand tons.Therefore, the denitration efficiency of monitoring and control cement mill SCR reactor is controlled NOx discharge, has great importance.
The target of nitrogen oxide emission decline 10% that cement industry " 12 " planning is clear and definite.Existing < < cement industry atmosphere pollutants emission standards > > (GB4915-2004) the regulation NOx emission limit of China is 800mg/Nm
3.Nowadays, along with China's cement industry development orientation is being coordinated the pollution-free industry of melting altogether with physical environment.Environmental friendliness also will be the key character that cement development enters the environmental stage.Therefore, the NOx emission standard of China's cement industry meeting increasingly stringent, country also can continue to increase the control dynamics of NOx discharge.
The NOx emission control technique of cement industry mainly contains SNCR (SNCR) technology and SCR (SCR) technology at present.SNCR (SNCR) technology by spraying into reductive agent (ammonia, urea etc.) in cement kiln, under aerobic environment, optionally there is chemical reaction in the NOx in reductive agent and flue gas, generates nitrogen G&W, and the percent reduction of General N Ox is between 10%～50%.SCR (SCR) technology is to use suitable catalyzer, and under certain condition, the reductive agent with ammonia as catalytic reaction, makes pollutant NOx be converted into harmless nitrogen and water vapor.Main reaction is as follows:
4NO+4NH
3+ O
2→ 4N
2+ 6H
2o (formula I)
2NO
2+ 4NH
3+ O
2→ 3N
2+ 6H
2o (formula II)
SCR technology can make the removal efficiency of NOx reach more than 90% in the ideal situation, although fixed investment is large, operating cost is low, is the best stationary source NOx improvement technology that can find at present.The quality of evaluating at present SCR denitrating system running status is exactly mainly to see two indexs: denitration efficiency and amount of ammonia slip.Theoretically, under optimal conditions, the NOx of lmol is reduced the NH that needs lmol completely
3, therefore, if the not enough denitration efficiency that just easily reduces of ammonia spraying amount, if ammonia spraying amount is excessive, though but guaranteed that denitration efficiency easily makes ammonia escape amount increase, and causes secondary environmental pollution.In ammonia nitrogen mol ratio, be less than at 1 o'clock, denitration efficiency increases along with the increase of mol ratio, but ammonia escape amount also slowly increases thereupon.Therefore supervise in real time SCR system, when keeping the denitration efficiency that catalyzer is higher, control accurately ammonia spraying amount to reduce amount of ammonia slip, significant.
Summary of the invention
A kind of cement mill SCR reactor denitration efficiency monitor control system, it is characterized in that: be one and comprise spray ammonia control device, entrance pick-up unit, outlet pick-up unit, calculation control device is interior, denitration efficiency that can be to SCR reactor, the escaping of ammonia rate, the system that ammonia spraying amount carries out Measurement accuracy and controls in real time.Spray ammonia control device, by receiving the control data of calculation control device, is adjusted ammonia spraying amount.And periodically ammonia spraying amount data are passed through to circuit reverse pumping to calculation control device.Entrance pick-up unit carries out periodic temperature detection and NOx content detection to entering the flue gas of SCR reactor, and inputs calculation control device by circuit.Outlet pick-up unit carries out periodic NOx content detection and ammonia (NH to discharging the flue gas of SCR reactor
3) content detection.Calculation control device can receive entrance pick-up unit, the data of outlet pick-up unit and the transmission of spray ammonia control device, carry out denitration efficiency calculating and the escaping of ammonia rate and calculate and show by external screen, display device also can show temperature in and outlet amount of ammonia slip data.When denitration efficiency is too small or amount of ammonia slip is excessive, the denitration efficiency calculating or the escaping of ammonia rate score meeting flickering display are also furnished with alarm prompting.Calculation control device sends and controls data to spray ammonia control device.To reach the object of controlling denitration efficiency and amount of ammonia slip.
Denitration efficiency of the present invention detects control system, and wherein, entrance pick-up unit comprises: flue-gas temperature pick-up unit and NOx content detection device.
Denitration efficiency of the present invention detects control system, and wherein, outlet pick-up unit comprises: NOx content detection device and ammonia content pick-up unit.
Denitration efficiency of the present invention detects control system, and wherein, spray ammonia control device comprises: ammonia thrower, dispensing pipeline, dispensing charge pump, special ammonia water storage tank, standby tank used for storing ammonia and for receiving, transmit data and controlling the micro computer of ammonia spraying amount.
Denitration efficiency of the present invention detects control system, and wherein, calculation control device comprises: calculation element, external connection display apparatus, warning device and control device.
For controlling a method for cement mill SCR reactor denitration efficiency monitor control system, its step is as follows: the temperature value of entrance pick-up unit (T) is carried out to periodicity and detect, judge that temperature value is whether in setting range (T >=150 ℃).
If temperature value exceeds catalyzer usable range (150 ℃ of T <), send alerting signal to calculation control device, calculation control device is by temperature data flickering display and follow alarm, temp. indicator scope exceeds, manufacturing parameter is adjusted in suggestion, and flue-gas temperature is stabilized in setting range.
If the temperature that entrance pick-up unit records is in low temperature catalyst usable range, periodically by NOx content M
1 nOxvalue transfers in calculation control device.
The exit NOx content M that outlet pick-up unit is periodically recorded
2 nOxvalue and ammonia content M
2 nH3value is input in calculation control device.
According to the national standard of measurement of correlation NOx, measured value is all converted into NO
2meter, M
1 nOxand M
2 nOxunit be mg/Nm
3.Ammonia content M
1 nH3and M
2 nH3unit be mg/Nm
3.
Spray ammonia control device is by the ammonia spraying amount M periodically recording
1 nH3be input in calculation control device.
Calculation control device calculates denitration rate (△ NOx) and the escaping of ammonia rate (NH by periodic input data
3 escape), and display it, display device also can show temperature in and outlet amount of ammonia slip data.Calculation control device, to spray ammonia control device sending controling instruction, is adjusted spray ammonia control device regulation and control ammonia spraying amount.
When denitration rate≤60%, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display denitration rate data.
As outlet ammonia content M
2 nH3>=20mgNH
3/ Nm
3time, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display amount of ammonia slip data.
As the escaping of ammonia rate NH
3 escapein the time of>=5%, calculate control control device and will report to the police, and flickering display the escaping of ammonia rate data.
When calculation control device gives the alarm, by control device, spray ammonia control device is sent to steering order.Adjust ammonia spraying amount, control denitration rate or amount of ammonia slip.
Denitration rate: △ NOx=(M
1 nOx-M
2 nOx)/M
1 nOx
The escaping of ammonia rate: NH
3 escape=M
2 nH3/ M
1 nH3
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is, the denitration efficiency of Real-Time Monitoring cement mill SCR reactor and the escaping of ammonia rate are adjusted denitration efficiency and the escaping of ammonia rate by controlling ammonia spraying amount, under the higher denitration efficiency of maintenance, reduce the escaping of ammonia as far as possible.Control procedure simple and fast, reasonable in design, can effectively reduce pollutant emission, for advancing the Green Process of cement industry to provide, provide powerful support for.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cement mill SCR denitration efficiency monitor control system
Fig. 2 is for controlling the method program figure of cement mill SCR reactor denitration efficiency monitor control system
Embodiment
Below according to Fig. 1 of Figure of description and Fig. 2, and embodiment control system that cement mill SCR denitration efficiency is detected and control method are made and being further illustrated.
In embodiment, the design scale of cement producing line is 2500t grog/sky, and actual output is 2500t grog/sky.After SCR reactor is arranged on waste heat boiler and before removing the bag filter of coal mill oven dry.The temperature of gas approach is about 200 ℃, and total blast volume is about 175000m
3/ h, in flue gas, NOx content is about 600mg/Nm
3.
Low temperature catalyst during catalyzer in SCR reactor can be used, such as MnOx-CeO
2-TiO
2type catalyzer, reaches more than 90% catalytic efficiency 200 ℃ of left and right, and suitable ammonia nitrogen compares 0.9:1.
Cement mill SCR reactor denitration efficiency monitor control system, comprises spray ammonia control device, entrance pick-up unit, outlet pick-up unit, calculation control device.
Flue gas enters gas approach, the entrance pick-up unit of flowing through.Entrance pick-up unit comprises: flue-gas temperature pick-up unit and NOx content detection device.Through flue-gas temperature pick-up unit, measure, temperature meets setting range (T >=150 ℃).NOx content detection device periodically (setting cycle is 5min) is measured the content of NOx in flue gas, and will periodically be sent to calculation control device containing numerical quantity.
Smoke gas flow is through spray ammonia control device place.Spray ammonia control device comprises: ammonia thrower, dispensing pipeline, dispensing charge pump, special ammonia water storage tank, standby tank used for storing ammonia and for receiving, transmit data and controlling the micro computer of ammonia spraying amount.Ammonia-gas spraying device goes out the ammonia of a certain amount of (receiving the ammonia spraying amount steering order that calculation control device sends) to flue gas injection, and the actual ammonia amount data that eject are periodically transferred to calculation control device.
Mixed the flue gas of ammonia by spraying after ammonia control device, flowed through the passage of fair water fin is housed, flowed into SCR reactor, the denitrating catalyst generation selective catalytic reduction reaction with reactor, is converted into harmless N by NOx
2and H
2o, main reaction formula is as follows:
4NO+4NH
3+ O
2→ 4N
2+ 6H
2o (formula I)
2NO
2+ 4NH
3+ O
2→ 3N
2+ 6H
2o (formula II)
Smoke gas flow by SCR reactor is through outlet pick-up unit.Outlet pick-up unit comprises: NOx content detection device and ammonia content pick-up unit.In flue gas now, contain and participate in remaining NOx gas and ammonia gas after selective catalytic reduction reaction.NOx content detection device and ammonia content pick-up unit periodically detect residue content respectively, and detection data are sent to calculation control device.
Flue gas, by SCR reactor outlet, is disposed to follow-up bag filter.
Related data has all transferred to calculation control device.Calculation control device comprises: calculation element, external connection display apparatus, warning device and control device.Calculation element calculates denitration rate (△ NOx) and the escaping of ammonia rate (NH
3 escape), and will display it by external connection display apparatus, display device also can show temperature in and outlet amount of ammonia slip data.Operating control device, to spray ammonia control device sending controling instruction, is adjusted spray ammonia control device regulation and control ammonia spraying amount.
By above-mentioned example, can find out, SCR denitration efficiency monitor control system can reach effective monitoring and control the object of denitration efficiency and the escaping of ammonia.
Below according to Fig. 2 of Figure of description, and embodiment control method that cement mill SCR denitration efficiency is detected to control system is made and being further illustrated.
Flue gas enters gas approach, the entrance pick-up unit of flowing through.
The temperature-detecting device of porch carries out periodicity to the flue-gas temperature entering (T) and detects, and judges that temperature value is whether in setting range.
Record 150 ℃ of temperature value=120 ℃ <, exceed catalyzer usable range.
Send alerting signal to calculation control device, calculation control device is by temperature data flickering display and follow alarm, and temp. indicator scope exceeds, and manufacturing parameter is adjusted in suggestion.
Through adjusting manufacturing parameter, temperature=190 ℃ that entrance pick-up unit records, in catalyzer usable range.
NOx content detection device, periodically by NOx content M
1 nOxvalue transfers in calculation control device.
Spray ammonia control device sprays ammonia in flue.By the ammonia spraying amount M periodically recording
1 nH3be input in calculation control device.
Outlet pick-up unit is by the exit NOx content M periodically recording
2 nOxvalue and ammonia content M
2 nH3value is input in calculation control device.
Measured value is all converted into NO
2meter.Porch M
1 nOxvalue=600mg/Nm
3.
M
1 nOxand M
2 nOxunit be mg/Nm
3
Ammonia content M
1 nH3and M
2 nH3unit be mg/Nm
3.
Calculation control device calculates denitration rate △ NOx and the escaping of ammonia rate NH by periodic input data
3 escape, and display it, display device also can show temperature in and outlet amount of ammonia slip data.Calculation control device is to spray ammonia control device sending controling instruction, and the ammonia nitrogen ratio of adjusting spray ammonia is 0.9.Spray ammonia control device regulation and control ammonia spraying amount, ammonia spraying amount is 208mg/Nm
3.
Through after a while, denitration system is shown as 89%, and amount of ammonia slip is 10mg/Nm
3, escapement ratio is shown as 4.8%.
Wherein: denitration rate: △ NOx=(M
1 nOx– M
2 nOx)/M
1 nOx
Wherein: the escaping of ammonia rate: NH3
escape=M
2 nH3/ M
1 nH3
When denitration rate≤60%, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display denitration rate data.Now, to spray ammonia control device sending controling instruction, progressively increase ammonia spraying amount, ammonia spraying amount reaches 235mg/Nm
3left and right (improve ammonia nitrogen ratio, increase to 1), to reach the object that improves denitration efficiency.
Through after a period of time, by display device, to see, denitration rate rises gradually, gets back to 89%, the higher range in denitration efficiency, amount of ammonia slip starts to increase simultaneously, is shown as 15mg NH
3/ Nm
3.Now, to spray ammonia control device sending controling instruction, stablize current ammonia spraying amount.To reach when keeping higher denitration efficiency, control the escape amount of ammonia.
As outlet ammonia content M
2 nH3>=20mgNH
3/ Nm
3time, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display outlet ammonia content (M
2 nH3) data.Now, to spray ammonia control device sending controling instruction, gradually reduce ammonia spraying amount (reducing ammonia nitrogen ratio), to reach, reduce the object that amount of ammonia slip increases.
Through after a period of time, by display device, to see, amount of ammonia slip reduces M gradually
2 nH3=17mg NH
3/ Nm
3, get back to lower scope, and now denitration efficiency is shown as 91%.Now, to spray ammonia control device sending controling instruction, stablize current ammonia spraying amount, keep higher denitration efficiency.
As the escaping of ammonia rate NH
3 escapein the time of>=5%, calculate control control device and will report to the police, and flickering display the escaping of ammonia rate NH
3escape data.Now, if outlet ammonia content M
2 nH3< 20mgNH
3/ Nm
3, can judge and select to close alarm, continue to maintain existing ammonia spraying amount and denitration efficiency.Or to spray ammonia control system sending controling instruction, reduce ammonia spraying amount.
As the escaping of ammonia rate NH
3 escapein the time of>=5%, and outlet ammonia content M
2 nH3>=20mgNH
3/ Nm
3.To spray ammonia control device sending controling instruction, gradually reduce ammonia spraying amount, to reach, reduce the object that amount of ammonia slip increases.
By above embodiment, can see, cement mill SCR denitration efficiency detects denitration efficiency that control system can Real-Time Monitoring SCR reactor and the amount of ammonia slip of outlet, and by calculation control device and spray ammonia control device, ammonia spraying amount is controlled, thereby reach the object of controlling denitration efficiency and amount of ammonia slip.By this invention, can make cement mill when keeping higher denitration efficiency, take into account the control of amount of ammonia slip, to reach both mobile equilibrium.Detection Control System Design is reasonable, simple and efficient to handle.
Claims (1)
1. a cement mill SCR denitration efficiency monitoring and control method, is characterized in that: apply following system, this system comprises spray ammonia control device, entrance pick-up unit, outlet pick-up unit, calculation control device, display device and alarm suggestion device;
Spray ammonia control device connects calculation control device; Entrance pick-up unit and outlet pick-up unit are placed on the entrance and exit in SCR reactor,
Described spray ammonia control device, by receiving the control data of calculation control device, is adjusted ammonia spraying amount; And periodically actual ammonia spraying amount data are passed through to circuit reverse pumping to calculation control device;
Entrance pick-up unit, described entrance pick-up unit carries out periodic temperature detection and NOx content detection to entering the flue gas of SCR reactor, and inputs calculation control device by circuit;
Outlet pick-up unit, described outlet pick-up unit carries out periodic NOx content detection and ammonia content detection to discharging the flue gas of SCR reactor;
Described calculation control device reception entrance pick-up unit, the data of outlet pick-up unit and the transmission of spray ammonia control device, carry out denitration efficiency calculating and the escaping of ammonia rate and calculate and show by display device;
Step is as follows:
The temperature value of entrance pick-up unit is carried out to periodicity and detect, judge that temperature value is whether within the scope of catalyzer usable range;
If temperature value exceeds catalyzer usable range, send alerting signal to calculation control device, calculation control device is by temperature data flickering display and follow alarm, and temp. indicator scope exceeds, manufacturing parameter is adjusted in suggestion, and flue-gas temperature is stabilized in setting range;
If the temperature that entrance pick-up unit records is in catalyzer usable range, periodically by NOx content M
1 nOxvalue transfers in calculation control device;
The exit NOx content M that outlet pick-up unit is periodically recorded
2 nOxvalue and ammonia content M
2 nH3value is input in calculation control device;
NOx measured value is all converted into NO
2meter, M
1 nOxand M
2 nOxunit be mg/Nm
3; Ammonia content M
1 nH3and M
2 nH3unit be mg/Nm
3;
Spray ammonia control device is by the actual ammonia spraying amount M periodically recording
1 nH3be input in calculation control device;
The data that calculation control device is inputted by periodicity calculate denitration rate △ NOx and the escaping of ammonia rate NH
3 escape, and display it, calculation control device, to spray ammonia control device sending controling instruction, is adjusted spray ammonia control device regulation and control ammonia spraying amount; When denitration rate≤60%, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display denitration rate △ NOx data; As outlet ammonia content M
2 nH3>=20mgNH
3/ Nm
3time, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display outlet ammonia content M
2 nH3data; As the escaping of ammonia rate NH
3 escapein the time of>=5%, calculate control control device and will report to the police, and flickering display the escaping of ammonia rate NH
3 escapedata;
When calculation control device gives the alarm, by control device, spray ammonia control device is sent to steering order; Adjust ammonia spraying amount, regulation and control denitration rate or the escaping of ammonia rate;
Denitration rate: △ NOx=(M
1 nOx– M
2 nOx)/M
1 nOx
The escaping of ammonia rate: NH
3 escape=M
2 nH3/ M
1 nH3.
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| CN107357240A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-17 | 天津渤海环保工程有限公司 | A kind of denitrating system automatic control program gear control method |
| CN107694300A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-02-16 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | The ammonia spraying amount control method and device of active carbon desulfurization denitrating system |
| CN107694300B (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2020-01-17 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Ammonia spraying amount control method and device of activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification system |
| WO2021082828A1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-05-06 | 国家电投集团远达环保工程有限公司重庆科技分公司 | Selective catalytic reduction denitrification device and method |
| CN111495129A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-07 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | Override control method for solving sudden rising of NOx concentration in denitration ammonia injection system |
| CN111495129B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-04-13 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | Override control method for solving sudden rising of NOx concentration in denitration ammonia injection system |
| CN112892209A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-04 | 山东戈尔环境科技有限公司 | Ammonia spraying control system |
| CN116196746A (en) * | 2023-05-06 | 2023-06-02 | 中国电建集团港航建设有限公司 | Method for reducing nitrogen oxides in flue gas by self-correcting ammonia nitrogen molar ratio |
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