CN103724121A - Orchid microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Orchid microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103724121A CN103724121A CN201310708152.2A CN201310708152A CN103724121A CN 103724121 A CN103724121 A CN 103724121A CN 201310708152 A CN201310708152 A CN 201310708152A CN 103724121 A CN103724121 A CN 103724121A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an orchid microbial fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of waste residues, 8-15 parts of pieces of wood, 3-5 parts of coal ash and slag, 5-8 parts of fish meal, 5-10 parts of peat, 5-10 parts of plant ash, 3-8 parts of dried animal waste, 5-8 parts of calcium carbonate, 4-6 parts of a synergist, 5-10 parts of chitosan, 3-8 parts of potassium fulvic, 5-8 parts of trichoderma sp, 2-5 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 5-8 parts of bacillus licheniformis, and 2-4 parts of bacillus subtilis. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pre-fermenting; preparing a cured organic material; mixing and stirring and the like. The microbial fertilizer provided by the invention not only can satisfy the demand of orchid on nutrition, but also can prevent roots of orchid from being damaged and improve the survival rate of orchid, so that orchid is with luxuriant foliage, bigger flowers blossomed, more sweet-scented fragrance released and longer flowering phase.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of orchid microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Orchid belongs to the orchid family, is monocotyledons, is perennial herb.High 20 to 40 centimetres, the long tubular of root.Leaf clusters from stem, wire lanceolar, and slightly tool is removed from office the orchid matter of empty paddy, and 2 to 3 one-tenth are a branch of.Blue leaf is green throughout the year, and it is many and random, faces upward and bows freely, the show of attitude end, other tool romantic charm.China just has the leaf of seeing victory to see saying of flower to orchid since ancient times.Its florigen and not gorgeous, slim and graceful.Vegetables fruit trilateral, plants minimum.Orchid is afraid of drought, fearness waterlogging, fearness alkali, is afraid of cold; Property happiness is cloudy, avoids direct sunlight, like moistening, avoid dry, like fertile, be rich in a large amount of soil ulmin, good, the slightly acidic sandy loam of draining, environment that should circulation of air.Orchid is Chinese traditional famous flower, is a kind of with the famous flowers of perfume (or spice).Its delicate fragrance Qingyuan City, one in chamber, houseful drifting fragrance.Ancients praise: " Lan Zhixiang, Gai Yiguo ", therefore there is the another name of " state's perfume (or spice) ".Orchid, with its distinctive leaf, flower, fragrant unique cleaning politics, economics, organization, and ideology (gas is clear, look clear, god is clear, rhythm clear), gives high clean, elegant grace image.Famous person is high to its product valency at all times, is called and spends middle gentleman.In scholar, often the U.S.A poetic prose is likened to " Lan Zhang " in ancient times, being really likened to of friendship " blue friendship ", beneficial friend is likened to " blue visitor ".Therefore, orchid is subject to extensively liking of people, more and more higher to the requirement of living environment with people, people are also more and more to the demand of orchid, but orchid need to absorb a lot of nutrition, but abstain from fertile dense, if improper fertilization, easily causes the phenomenon of burning root damage or dead seedling.Conventional fertilizer can not meet the needed nutrition of orchid, and therefore existing fertilizers for potted flowers can not meet the requirement of people to orchid.
At present, agricultural use microbial fertilizer is thing of common occurrence, China's microorganisms fertilizer nearly 50 years, and the microbial fertilizer of producing is under study for action of a great variety, but very few to the research of orchid microbial fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can meet the demand of orchid to nutrition, can protect again the root of orchid injury-free, a kind of microbial fertilizer of healthy growth.
For realizing object of the present invention, be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of orchid microbial fertilizer, according to ratio of weight and number, comprise following component: 20～30 parts, waste residue, 8～15 parts, wood fragments bits, 3～5 parts of coal ashs, 5～8 parts, lower fish material, 5～10 parts, peat, 5～10 parts of plant ash, 3～8 parts of dried animal excrement, 5～8 parts, calcium carbonate, 4～6 parts of synergistic agent, 5～10 parts of chitosans, 3～8 parts of potassium fulvates, 5～8 parts of Trichodermas, 2～5 parts of Lactobacterium acidophilums, 5～8 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 2～4 parts of subtilises.
As further illustrating, above-described waste residue is bagasse, sugared slag or chaff slag.
As further illustrating, above-described chaff slag is shell or the skin that peanut, paddy and wheat and millet come off.
As further illustrating, above-described lower fish material is one or more the combination in fish intestines, the fish gill, fish scale, fin, fish maw.
As further illustrating, above-described synergistic agent is one or more the combination in Synergistic Phosphorus, sufoxide, piperonyl butoxide.
As further illustrating, the preparation method of above-described orchid microbial fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation in advance: after in proportion waste residue, wood fragments bits, coal ash, peat, lower fish material, plant ash, dried animal excrement being mixed, and then add in proportion Trichoderma, Lactobacterium acidophilum, Bacillus licheniformis, subtilis to dissolve completely after above-mentioned substance as in fermentation vat, upper cap upper film, in temperature, it is 40～50 ℃, relative humidity is, under 40% ~ 60% condition, to carry out the pre-fermentation of 3～5 days;
(2) prepare the organic powder of slaking: after film is opened, fully stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, be down to gradually normal temperature, then from normal temperature, be warming up to again 40 ℃, keep 2～3 days, be warming up to gradually again 60 ℃ subsequently, keep 3～4 days, finally be cooled to gradually again normal temperature, keep 5～7 days, until mixture slaking, then dry, be crushed to 60 orders, can obtain the organic powder of slaking, stand-by;
(3) calcium carbonate, synergistic agent, chitosan, potassium fulvate are proportionally carried out to mix and blend, limit adds waterside stirs, and mixes, stand-by;
(4) prepare orchid microbial fertilizer: after the stand-by mixture of step (2) and step (3) is mixed, successively through oven dry, granulation, packing, can obtain orchid microbial fertilizer.
As further illustrating, the temperature of the above oven dry is 60～80 ℃.
Waste residue, wood fragments bits, coal ash, peat, lower fish material, plant ash, dried animal excrement, Trichoderma, Lactobacterium acidophilum, Bacillus licheniformis, subtilis, calcium carbonate, synergistic agent, chitosan, potassium fulvate that the present invention selects all can be purchased and obtain on market.
The mechanism of the some of them raw material that the present invention adds:
Trichoderma (
trichoderma sp.), belong to Mycophyta, Deuteromycotina, hyphomycetes, hyphomycetales, Moniliaceae, Trichoderma, is extensively present in the soil under varying environment condition, is a kind of important biocontrol microorganisms.Most of Trichodermas can produce multiple biologically active substance plant pathogenic fungi, bacterium and insect to antagonistic action, such as cell wall degradation enzyme and secondary metabolite, and can improve the resistance of farm crop, Promoting plant growth and raising agricultural output, be therefore widely used in biological control, bio-feritlizer and soil improvement agent.Because chemical pesticide is comparatively serious to the negative impact of environment, so the comparatively friendly biological pesticide Trichoderma of environment has been subject to paying close attention to widely.Trichoderma produces the mechanism such as resistance by nutrient competition, micro-parasitism, cell walls amylase and inducing plant; for various plants pathogenic bacteria, there is antagonistic action; there is protection and treatment double effects; can effectively prevent and treat native transmissibility fungal disease; in seedbed, use trichoderma; can improve and grow seedlings and the surviving rate of transplanting, keep the healthy and strong growth of rice shoot.Also can be used for preventing and treating gray mold.Acting as in formula: the surviving rate that improves orchid.
Plant ash is the resistates after plant (draft and xylophyta) burning.The main component of plant ash is salt of wormwood (K
2cO
3), relative molecular mass is 138.Plant ash light weight and be alkalescence, when dry, easily go with the wind, when wet, easily with water, walk.Plant ash fertilizer, because plant ash is the ashes after burning plants, so be the contained mineral element of all plants, nearly all contains in plant ash.What wherein content was maximum is potassium element,, containing potassium 6～12%, more than 90% is wherein generally water-soluble, with carbonate form, exists; Next is phosphorus, generally containing 1.5～3%; Also contain the micronutrient elements such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulphur and iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum.Acting as in formula: increase fertilizer nutrition.
The lifeless matter activity of synergistic agent own, mixed with fertilizer have slowly-releasing or increase operation rate or promote the effect of Crop rich water fertilizer, and the efficient synergistic agent of fertilizer promotes faster and better absorption, the utilization to nutrient of crop.Acting as in formula: the fertilizer efficiency time that increases this product.
Chitosan is natural short long agent---the raw material of foliage fertilizer of plant nutrition, by the composite foliage fertilizer forming of chitosan, can give plant insecticide, disease-resistant, plays the effect of fertilizer, can decompose again plant and animal residues and micro-metals in soil.Acting as in formula: lower fish material is converted into the nutrient substance of plant, strengthens via plant immunity, promote the health of plant.
Yellow humic acid is a kind of short carbon chain molecular structure material extracting from natural humic acid.It has high capacity amount and physiologically active.Acting as in formula: strengthen the waterlogging-resistant property of orchid; Slow release fertilizer, improves chemical fertilizer utilization; The sticking power of fortification of plants root system and rapid absorption ability; Accelerate precipitation and decompose, improve Soil structure.Improved soil nodule structure, chessom, the preserve moisture and fertility ability of raising soil, regulates pH value, reduces the content of heavy metal in soil, reduces the harm of salt ion to seed and seedling.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The plant ash that the present invention adds can improve the nutritive substance in fertilizer, has met the needs of orchid to nutrition, and its wide material sources, with low cost, can reduce production costs; Interpolation synergistic agent can increase the fertilizer efficiency time of this product; Add the nutrient substance that chitosan is converted into lower fish material plant, strengthen via plant immunity, promote the health of plant; Add yellow humic acid and can strengthen the waterlogging-resistant performance of orchid, improve Soil structure, make loosing soil, meet the requirement of orchid to air circulation; Trichoderma, Lactobacterium acidophilum, Bacillus licheniformis and fermentation of bacillus subtilis waste residue, wood fragments bits, coal ash, peat, lower fish material, plant ash and dried animal excrement have effectively been utilized, fully discharge organotrophy, be more conducive to orchid and comprehensively absorb all kinds of nutrition, can not only improve the survival rate of orchid, make it flourishing, and can improve the disease-resistant insect resistance capacity of orchid, output larger flower, discharge more fragrant fragrance, extend the florescence that it is bloomed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the scope that embodiment represents.
embodiment 1:
A preparation method for orchid microbial fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation in advance: after in proportion 20 portions of bagasse, 8 parts of wood fragments bits, 3 parts of coal ashs, 5 parts of peat, 5 parts of fish intestines, 5 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of dried animal excrement being mixed, and then add in proportion 5 parts of Trichodermas, 2 parts of Lactobacterium acidophilums, 5 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 2 parts of subtilises to dissolve completely after above-mentioned substance as in fermentation vat, upper cap upper film, in temperature, it is 40 ℃, relative humidity is, under 40% condition, to carry out the pre-fermentation of 3 days;
(2) prepare the organic powder of slaking: after film is opened, fully stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, be down to gradually normal temperature, then from normal temperature, be warming up to again 40 ℃, keep 2 days, be warming up to gradually again 60 ℃ subsequently, keep 3 days, finally be cooled to gradually again normal temperature, keep 5 days, until the ripe slaking of organic material, after slaking, under being the condition of 60 ℃, temperature dries, be crushed to after 60 orders, obtain the organic powder of slaking, stand-by;
(3) 5 parts of calcium carbonate, 4 parts of Synergistic Phosphorus, 5 parts of chitosans, 3 parts of potassium fulvates are proportionally carried out to mix and blend, limit adds waterside stirs, and mixes, stand-by;
(4) prepare orchid microbial fertilizer: after the stand-by mixture of step (2) and step (3) is mixed, the oven dry, granulation, the packing that through excess temperature, are successively 60 ℃ can obtain orchid microbial fertilizer.
embodiment 2:
A preparation method for orchid microbial fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation in advance: after in proportion 30 parts of sugared slags, 15 parts of wood fragments bits, 5 parts of coal ashs, 10 parts of peat, 8 parts of fish gills, 10 parts of plant ash, 8 parts of dried animal excrement being mixed, and then add in proportion 8 parts of Trichodermas, 5 parts of Lactobacterium acidophilums, 8 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 4 parts of subtilises to dissolve completely after above-mentioned substance as in fermentation vat, upper cap upper film, in temperature, it is 50 ℃, relative humidity is, under 60% condition, to carry out the pre-fermentation of 5 days;
(2) prepare the organic powder of slaking: after film is opened, fully stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, be down to gradually normal temperature, then from normal temperature, be warming up to again 40 ℃, keep 3 days, be warming up to gradually again 60 ℃ subsequently, keep 4 days, finally be cooled to gradually again normal temperature, keep 7 days, until the ripe slaking of organic material, after slaking, under being the condition of 80 ℃, temperature dries, be crushed to after 60 orders, obtain the organic powder of slaking, stand-by;
(3) 8 parts of calcium carbonate, 6 parts of sufoxides, 10 parts of chitosans, 8 parts of potassium fulvates are proportionally carried out to mix and blend, limit adds waterside stirs, and mixes, stand-by;
(4) prepare orchid microbial fertilizer: after the stand-by mixture of step (2) and step (3) is mixed, the oven dry, granulation, the packing that through excess temperature, are successively 80 ℃ can obtain orchid microbial fertilizer.
embodiment 3:
A preparation method for orchid microbial fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation in advance: after the shell in proportion 25 parts of peanuts, paddy and wheat and millets being come off, 10 parts of wood fragments bits, 4 parts of coal ashs, 8 parts of peat, 6 parts of fish scales, 8 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of dried animal excrement mix, and then add in proportion 6 parts of Trichodermas, 3 parts of Lactobacterium acidophilums, 6 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 3 parts of subtilises to dissolve completely after above-mentioned substance as in fermentation vat, upper cap upper film, in temperature, it is 45 ℃, relative humidity is, under 45% condition, to carry out the pre-fermentation of 4 days;
(2) prepare the organic powder of slaking: after film is opened, fully stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, be down to gradually normal temperature, then from normal temperature, be warming up to again 40 ℃, keep 2 days, be warming up to gradually again 60 ℃ subsequently, keep 3 days, finally be cooled to gradually again normal temperature, keep 6 days, until the ripe slaking of organic material, after slaking, under being the condition of 65 ℃, temperature dries, be crushed to after 60 orders, obtain the organic powder of slaking, stand-by;
(3) 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 5 parts of piperonyl butoxides, 6 parts of chitosans, 5 parts of potassium fulvates are proportionally carried out to mix and blend, limit adds waterside stirs, and mixes, stand-by;
(4) prepare orchid microbial fertilizer: after the stand-by mixture of step (2) and step (3) is mixed, the oven dry, granulation, the packing that through excess temperature, are successively 70 ℃ can obtain orchid microbial fertilizer.
embodiment 4:
A preparation method for orchid microbial fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation in advance: after in proportion 25 portions of peanuts, paddy and wheat and millet exuviae, 10 parts of wood fragments bits, 3 parts of coal ashs, 6 parts of peat, 7 parts of fish maws, 9 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of dried animal excrement being mixed, and then add in proportion 6 parts of Trichodermas, 3 parts of Lactobacterium acidophilums, 7 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 4 parts of subtilises to dissolve completely after above-mentioned substance as in fermentation vat, upper cap upper film, in temperature, it is 45 ℃, relative humidity is, under 50% condition, to carry out the pre-fermentation of 3 days;
(2) prepare the organic powder of slaking: after film is opened, fully stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, be down to gradually normal temperature, then from normal temperature, be warming up to again 40 ℃, keep 3 days, be warming up to gradually again 60 ℃ subsequently, keep 3 days, finally be cooled to gradually again normal temperature, keep 5 days, until the ripe slaking of organic material, after slaking, under being the condition of 70 ℃, temperature dries, be crushed to after 60 orders, obtain the organic powder of slaking, stand-by;
(3) 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of Synergistic Phosphorus, 3 parts of sufoxides, 9 parts of chitosans, 4 parts of potassium fulvates are proportionally carried out to mix and blend, limit adds waterside stirs, and mixes, stand-by;
(4) prepare orchid microbial fertilizer: after the stand-by mixture of step (2) and step (3) is mixed, the oven dry, granulation, the packing that through excess temperature, are successively 75 ℃ can obtain orchid microbial fertilizer.
embodiment 5:
A preparation method for orchid microbial fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation in advance: after in proportion 28 portions of bagasse, 10 parts of wood fragments bits, 5 parts of coal ashs, 7 parts of peat, 2 parts of fish gills, 2 parts of fish scales, 2 parts of fins, 2 parts of fish maws, 7 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of dried animal excrement being mixed, and then add in proportion 6 parts of Trichodermas, 4 parts of Lactobacterium acidophilums, 6 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 2 parts of subtilises to dissolve completely after above-mentioned substance as in fermentation vat, upper cap upper film, in temperature, it is 48 ℃, relative humidity is, under 55% condition, to carry out the pre-fermentation of 4 days;
(2) prepare the organic powder of slaking: after film is opened, fully stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, be down to gradually normal temperature, then from normal temperature, be warming up to again 40 ℃, keep 3 days, be warming up to gradually again 60 ℃ subsequently, keep 4 days, finally be cooled to gradually again normal temperature, keep 7 days, until the ripe slaking of organic material, after slaking, under being the condition of 75 ℃, temperature dries, be crushed to after 60 orders, obtain the organic powder of slaking, stand-by;
(3) 5 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of Synergistic Phosphorus, 2 parts of sufoxides, 2 parts of piperonyl butoxides, 7 parts of chitosans, 6 parts of potassium fulvates are proportionally carried out to mix and blend, limit adds waterside stirs, and mixes, stand-by;
(4) prepare orchid microbial fertilizer: after the stand-by mixture of step (2) and step (3) is mixed, the oven dry, granulation, the packing that through excess temperature, are successively 65 ℃ can obtain orchid microbial fertilizer.
Claims (7)
1. an orchid microbial fertilizer, it is characterized in that, according to ratio of weight and number, comprise following component: 20～30 parts, waste residue, 8～15 parts, wood fragments bits, 3～5 parts of coal ashs, 5～8 parts, lower fish material, 5～10 parts, peat, 5～10 parts of plant ash, 3～8 parts of dried animal excrement, 5～8 parts, calcium carbonate, 4～6 parts of synergistic agent, 5～10 parts of chitosans, 3～8 parts of potassium fulvates, 5～8 parts of Trichodermas, 2～5 parts of Lactobacterium acidophilums, 5～8 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 2～4 parts of subtilises.
2. orchid microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described waste residue is bagasse, sugared slag or chaff slag.
3. orchid microbial fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described chaff slag is shell or the skin that peanut, paddy and wheat and millet come off.
4. orchid microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described lower fish material is one or more the combination in fish intestines, the fish gill, fish scale, fin and fish maw.
5. orchid microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described synergistic agent is one or more the combination in Synergistic Phosphorus, sufoxide and piperonyl butoxide.
6. as the wherein preparation method of the orchid microbial fertilizer as described in claim 1～5, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) fermentation in advance: after in proportion waste residue, wood fragments bits, coal ash, peat, lower fish material, plant ash, dried animal excrement being mixed, and then add in proportion Trichoderma, Lactobacterium acidophilum, Bacillus licheniformis, subtilis to dissolve completely after above-mentioned substance as in fermentation vat, upper cap upper film, in temperature, it is 40～50 ℃, relative humidity is, under 40% ~ 60% condition, to carry out the pre-fermentation of 3～5 days;
(2) prepare the organic powder of slaking: after film is opened, fully stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, be down to gradually normal temperature, then from normal temperature, be warming up to again 40 ℃, keep 2～3 days, be warming up to gradually again 60 ℃ subsequently, keep 3～4 days, finally be cooled to gradually again normal temperature, keep 5～7 days, until mixture slaking, then dry, be crushed to 60 orders, can obtain the organic powder of slaking, stand-by;
(3) calcium carbonate, synergistic agent, chitosan, potassium fulvate are proportionally carried out to mix and blend, limit adds waterside stirs, and mixes, stand-by;
(4), after the stand-by mixture of step (2) and step (3) is mixed, successively through oven dry, granulation, packing, can obtain orchid microbial fertilizer.
7. the preparation method of orchid microbial fertilizer according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the temperature of described oven dry is 60～80 ℃.
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| CN104355885A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-18 | 砀山县沃福农业发展有限公司 | Special organic/inorganic compound fertilizer for peach trees |
| CN104447053A (en) * | 2014-12-20 | 2015-03-25 | 菏泽市百花生物科技有限公司 | Microbiological organic fertilizer |
| CN104447123A (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-03-25 | 乔生艮 | Microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104829391A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-08-12 | 刘晓 | Soil conditioning agent |
| CN104973940A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-10-14 | 广西大学 | Microbial fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN105145025A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-12-16 | 柳州市长林苗木种植专业合作社 | Orchid growth accelerating method |
| CN105594751A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-05-25 | 黄河三角洲京博化工研究院有限公司 | Trichoderma spore preparation and preparation method thereof |
| CN106699462A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Organic fertilizer for flowers, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106888605A (en) * | 2015-12-20 | 2017-06-27 | 衡阳智源农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tea garden soil improvement method |
| CN108440095A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-24 | 淮北市菲美得环保科技有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type fertilizers for potted flowers and its zymotechnique |
| CN108440058A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-24 | 浙江传化生物技术有限公司 | A kind of iris microbial fermentation fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104355885A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-18 | 砀山县沃福农业发展有限公司 | Special organic/inorganic compound fertilizer for peach trees |
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| CN106699462A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Organic fertilizer for flowers, and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140416 |