CN103621278A - Method for cultivating tomatoes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating tomatoes. The method for cultivating the tomatoes comprises the steps of land selection, soil preparation, seed selection, seeding, field management, disease and pest control and harvesting. The tomatoes cultivated with method can grow vigorously and rapidly, the yield is high, the quality is good, pests and diseases are reduced, and the usage amount of pesticides is small; in addition, due to the adoption of multi-element slow release fertilizer, soil can be activated, the fertilizer efficiency is improved, potential nutrients in the soil can be released with the assistance of the multi-element slow release fertilizer, and compared with conventional chemical fertilizer, the production of the tomatoes per Mu is increased by 10-20% averagely under the condition that the investment is not changed.

Description

The cultivation method of a kind of tomato

Technical field

The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a kind of vegetables, be specifically related to the cultivation method of a kind of tomato.

Background technology

Traditional tomato is in the process of plantation, and due to plantation year after year, continuous cropping obstacle is large especially, causes occurring a lot of diseases, for prevention and elimination of disease and pests has to spray a large amount of agricultural chemicals; In addition, because traditional tomato planting method is used chemical fertilizer for a long time, harden in the plot that makes to plant tomato, degradation reason causes the output of tomato seriously to glide under fertility, more seriously because use a large amount of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals makes the quality of tomato have not a particle of guarantee, meanwhile, traditional tomato production its in production management process, also have loaded down with trivial details, the amount of labour used is large, production efficiency is low, cost is high, the feature such as of poor benefits.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide the cultivation method of a kind of tomato.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The cultivation method of tomato, comprises the following steps:

(1) selection of land, whole ground: to select that soil layer is deep, the soil is porous fertile, water holding capacity is strong, well-drained soil is planted; Should be whole before plantation, use sufficient base manure, described base manure is: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100-120kg/ mu, ammonium polyphosphate 20-30kg/ mu, gypsum 40-60kg/ mu, weathered coal 55-75kg/ mu, manioc waste 13-18kg/ mu, conch meal 10-15kg/ mu, PA 800K 5-7kg/ mu, silkworm excrement 30-40kg/ mu, cotton dregs 20-35kg/ mu and multielement slow-release fertilizer 10-15kg/ mu; Base manure is ploughed under in soil, and rake is leveling carefully, then does furrow;

Described multielement slow-release fertilizer is prepared by the following method: the raw material that takes following weight portion: kaolin 80-85, nano-carbon powder 0.1-0.2, grape vine powder 12-14, oil foot 4-6, sodium metasilicate 2-3, Silane coupling agent KH550 2-3, ferrous sulfate 1-2, sodium selenite 1-2, ammonium molybdate 2-3, zinc sulphate 1-2, brown sugar 1-2, urea 5-6, copper sulphate 1-2, potassium chloride 1-2, clay 5-8, by ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulphate, brown sugar, urea, copper sulphate, potassium chloride, clay is added to the water dissolving, stir into mud, be heated to again 80-90 ℃, add sodium metasilicate to dissolve, add again kaolin, nano-carbon powder, grape vine powder, oil foot stirs mud shape, finally add silane coupler pugging, granulation, dry and get final product,

(2) seed selection, sowing: select high-quality, healthy and strong seed, sowing first irrigated seedling bed earth in advance early morning on the same day, the general groundbed depth of water of filling vola water 5-7 centimetre, make that 8-10 cm layer of soil is moisture to be reached to saturated;

(3) field management: carry out intertill and clean tillage after tomato lives, topdress, water, described topdresses as urea 100-120kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 10-15 kg/ mu, potassium chloride 20-25 kg/ mu, ardealite 20-30 kg/ mu, carbonic hydroammonium 18-25 kg/ mu, ammonium chloride 10-20 kg/ mu, ammonium carbonate 20-25 kg/ mu, municipal sludge 10-20 kg/ mu, alcohol wine with dregs 8-10 kg/ mu, sodium metasilicate 13-18 kg/ mu, alum powder 18-22 kg/ mu, iron hydroxide 3-5 kg/ mu and vegetable oil 8-10kg/ mu; Row support, binding vine in the time of plant height 20-25 centimetre, support for well, along with cauline leaf growth, is tied up once climing every 16-20 centimetre with man-like shelf;

(4) diseases and pests controlling: tomato disease has virus disease, early blight, blossom-end rot, spot blight, leaf mold, cotton disease, gray mold, bacterial wilt, stalk break, root nematode disease etc.; Insect pest has aphid, black cutworm, cotton bollworm, prodenia litura, yellow tea mite etc., according to a conventional method control;

(5) gather: Fruit Ripening of Tomato process can be divided into five periods, comprise green mature phase, colour-change period, half-mature phase, firm ripe stage and full ripening stage, complete red can the taking of general tamato fruit.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

The tomato growth of the present invention's cultivation is healthy and strong, fast growth, output is high, quality better, thus damage by disease and insect is reduced, the usage amount of agricultural chemicals reduces, and multielement slow-release fertilizer energy activating soil of the present invention, increase fertilizer efficiency, and there is the effect of assisting to discharge potential nutrients in soil, use chemical fertilizer with routine and compare, in the situation that equivalence drops into, every mu of average volume increase 10-20% of crop.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: the cultivation method of tomato, comprises the following steps:

(1) selection of land, whole ground: to select that soil layer is deep, the soil is porous fertile, water holding capacity is strong, well-drained soil is planted; Should be whole before plantation, use sufficient base manure, described base manure is: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 110kg/ mu, ammonium polyphosphate 25kg/ mu, gypsum 50kg/ mu, weathered coal 65kg/ mu, manioc waste 15kg/ mu, conch meal 12kg/ mu, PA 800K 6kg/ mu, silkworm excrement 35kg/ mu, cotton dregs 28kg/ mu and multielement slow-release fertilizer 12kg/ mu; Base manure is ploughed under in soil, and rake is leveling carefully, then does furrow;

Described multielement slow-release fertilizer is prepared by the following method: the raw material that takes following weight portion: kaolin 82, nano-carbon powder 0.15, grape vine powder 13, oil foot 5, sodium metasilicate 2.5, Silane coupling agent KH550 2.5, ferrous sulfate 1.5, sodium selenite 1.5, ammonium molybdate 2.5, zinc sulphate 1.5, brown sugar 1.5, urea 5.5, copper sulphate 1.5, potassium chloride 1.5, clay 6.5, by ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulphate, brown sugar, urea, copper sulphate, potassium chloride, clay is added to the water dissolving, stir into mud, be heated to again 80-90 ℃, add sodium metasilicate to dissolve, add again kaolin, nano-carbon powder, grape vine powder, oil foot stirs mud shape, finally add silane coupler pugging, granulation, dry and get final product,

(2) seed selection, sowing: select high-quality, healthy and strong seed, sowing first irrigated seedling bed earth in advance early morning on the same day, 6 centimetres of the general groundbed depth of waters of filling vola water, make that 9 cm layer of soil are moisture to be reached to saturated;

(3) field management: carry out intertill and clean tillage after tomato lives, topdress, water, described topdresses as urea 110kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 12 kg/ mus, potassium chloride 22kg/ mu, ardealite 25kg/ mu, carbonic hydroammonium 22kg/ mu, ammonium chloride 15kg/ mu, ammonium carbonate 22 kg/ mus, municipal sludge 15kg/ mu, alcohol wine with dregs 9kg/ mu, sodium metasilicate 15kg/ mu, alum powder 20kg/ mu, iron hydroxide 4 kg/ mus and vegetable oil 9kg/ mu; Row support, binding vine in the time of plant height 20-25 centimetre, support for well, along with cauline leaf growth, is tied up once climing every 16-20 centimetre with man-like shelf;

(4) diseases and pests controlling: tomato disease has virus disease, early blight, blossom-end rot, spot blight, leaf mold, cotton disease, gray mold, bacterial wilt, stalk break, root nematode disease etc.; Insect pest has aphid, black cutworm, cotton bollworm, prodenia litura, yellow tea mite etc., according to a conventional method control;

(5) gather: Fruit Ripening of Tomato process can be divided into five periods, comprise green mature phase, colour-change period, half-mature phase, firm ripe stage and full ripening stage, complete red can the taking of general tamato fruit.

Tomato per mu yield of the present invention is 6000-6500 kg/acre, and damage by disease and insect incidence is lower than 1.4%.

Claims (1)

1. a cultivation method for tomato, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) selection of land, whole ground: to select that soil layer is deep, the soil is porous fertile, water holding capacity is strong, well-drained soil is planted; Should be whole before plantation, use sufficient base manure, described base manure is: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100-120kg/ mu, ammonium polyphosphate 20-30kg/ mu, gypsum 40-60kg/ mu, weathered coal 55-75kg/ mu, manioc waste 13-18kg/ mu, conch meal 10-15kg/ mu, PA 800K 5-7kg/ mu, silkworm excrement 30-40kg/ mu, cotton dregs 20-35kg/ mu and multielement slow-release fertilizer 10-15kg/ mu; Base manure is ploughed under in soil, and rake is leveling carefully, then does furrow;

Described multielement slow-release fertilizer is prepared by the following method: the raw material that takes following weight portion: kaolin 80-85, nano-carbon powder 0.1-0.2, grape vine powder 12-14, oil foot 4-6, sodium metasilicate 2-3, Silane coupling agent KH550 2-3, ferrous sulfate 1-2, sodium selenite 1-2, ammonium molybdate 2-3, zinc sulphate 1-2, brown sugar 1-2, urea 5-6, copper sulphate 1-2, potassium chloride 1-2, clay 5-8, by ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulphate, brown sugar, urea, copper sulphate, potassium chloride, clay is added to the water dissolving, stir into mud, be heated to again 80-90 ℃, add sodium metasilicate to dissolve, add again kaolin, nano-carbon powder, grape vine powder, oil foot stirs mud shape, finally add silane coupler pugging, granulation, dry and get final product,

(2) seed selection, sowing: select high-quality, healthy and strong seed, sowing first irrigated seedling bed earth in advance early morning on the same day, the general groundbed depth of water of filling vola water 5-7 centimetre, make that 8-10 cm layer of soil is moisture to be reached to saturated;

(3) field management: carry out intertill and clean tillage after tomato lives, topdress, water, described topdresses as urea 100-120kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 10-15 kg/ mu, potassium chloride 20-25 kg/ mu, ardealite 20-30 kg/ mu, carbonic hydroammonium 18-25 kg/ mu, ammonium chloride 10-20 kg/ mu, ammonium carbonate 20-25 kg/ mu, municipal sludge 10-20 kg/ mu, alcohol wine with dregs 8-10 kg/ mu, sodium metasilicate 13-18 kg/ mu, alum powder 18-22 kg/ mu, iron hydroxide 3-5 kg/ mu and vegetable oil 8-10kg/ mu; Row support, binding vine in the time of plant height 20-25 centimetre, support for well, along with cauline leaf growth, is tied up once climing every 16-20 centimetre with man-like shelf;

(4) diseases and pests controlling: tomato disease has virus disease, early blight, blossom-end rot, spot blight, leaf mold, cotton disease, gray mold, bacterial wilt, stalk break, root nematode disease etc.; Insect pest has aphid, black cutworm, cotton bollworm, prodenia litura, yellow tea mite etc., according to a conventional method control;

(5) gather: Fruit Ripening of Tomato process can be divided into five periods, comprise green mature phase, colour-change period, half-mature phase, firm ripe stage and full ripening stage, complete red can the taking of general tamato fruit.