CN103583183A - Potato cultivation method with high and stable yield - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a potato cultivation method with high and stable yield, and relates to the technical field of crop cultivation. The potato cultivation method is characterized by including variety selection, pre-sowing processing, selection of appropriate sowing time, reasonable sowing, sufficient basic fertilizer applying, intertillage management strengthening, and pest control and prevention. The method is simple with clear steps, and good in cultivation effects.

Description

A kind of High Yield Potato stable yields cultivation method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to crop products culture technique field, be specifically related to a kind of High Yield Potato stable yields cultivation method.

Background technology:

Potato (formal name used at school: Solanum tuberosum, English: Potato), perennial herb, but make annual or 1 year two season cultivation.Underground stem tuber is the shapes such as circle, ovum, ellipse, has eye, Pi Hong, Huang, white or purple.Terrestrial stem is prismatic, hairiness, imparipinnate leaf.Cyme top is raw, grey, red or purple; Berry is spherical, green or puce; Seed kidney shape, yellow.Multiplex stem tuber breeding, can be used as medicine.

And potato is all the crops of main cultivation in many places, and be the local main grain rations such as mountain area, but the reason due to potato self, and Planting pattern and environment former thereby often cause output not high, the quality of product is also bad, so just may be in some mountain area etc. specific area to population, bring bad impact.

Summary of the invention:

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome existing technological deficiency a kind of High Yield Potato stable yields cultivation method that a kind of method is simple, step is clear, cultivation effect is good is provided.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A stable yields cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,

Step 1, kind are selected: autumn planting will be selected drought-enduring morning in seedling stage, medium variety.Winter, spring sowing require anti-late blight stronger in, late variety;

Step 2, presowing treatment: potato seed was placed on and is covered with the indoor of dogstail or is deposited in bamboo basket in 10-15 days prior to seeding, room temperature remains at 17-22 ℃, within 4-6 days, to stir once, after sprouting, eye can stripping and slicing stripping and slicing to be broadcast cut 47-53 piece in 1kg potato seed, want piece piece to have eye, after cutting, also will dip in otch with clean ash or quicklime powder, with anti-bacteria, invade, then dry in the air at the ventilation place that cools, wait to broadcast;

Step 3, select suitable sowing time: the optimum temperature of potato plant seedling is 20-22 ℃, and autumn planting was sowed in late September, early December results; Winter kind was sowed in early December, and early April in next year gathers in the crops; Spring sowing was sowed in early January, results at the beginning of 5 months by the end of April;

Step 4, rationally sowing: during spring sowing, need to avoid frost.After spring, soil thawed, carry out whole ground, and the moisture creating of watering.At seeding time, select the weather sowing that temperature is higher, before sowing, guarantee that soil moisture in the soil is enough.175-185kg is dialled on every mu of ground of seeding quantity, and potato adopts the row plantation of single ridge, line-spacing 25-30cm, spacing in the rows 12-15cm, row spacing 60-70cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge conventionally.After trench digging, first put potato seed, then apply fertilizer, apply desinsection particle control underground pests simultaneously;

Step 5, use sufficient base manure: execute=high-quality of base fertilizer mu decomposed manure 2000-3000lg, urea 10kg, superphosphate 40kg, potassium sulphate 30-40kg;

Step 6, reinforcement intertillage management: after emerging, will intertill and loosen the soil in time, eliminate weeds in field; While buddingging, in conjunction with agronomic measures such as fertilisings, will earth up, at cultivation and banking 2-3 time in the time of infertility, accomplish that field is without weeds, ditch is smooth, and without ponding, will prevent that people and animals from trampling frequently to potato ridge rainy season simultaneously;

Step 7, the extermination of disease and insect pest:

7.1, disease: be mainly late blight: strictly quarantine, not adjust and plant from lesion; Carry out potato seed and process, carry out the whole kind of whole potato, need stripping and slicing, sterilize to cutting knife; In vegetative period, if find that there is late blight disease plant, should spray in time medicine control, 1000 times of mancozeb wettable powders or 200 times of liquid of 20% metalaxyl wetting powder of available 50% are prevented and treated, and every 7 days 1 time, continuous spraying 3-5 time;

7.2, insect pest: be mainly aphid, 28 star ladybug and soil insects:

Aphid: prevent and treat with 1000 times of 800 times of liquid of 40% flolimat or 10% aphid lice imidacloprid wettable powders;

28 star ladybugs: with 500 times of liquid of 80% chlorophos or 1000 times of liquid spraying controls of Rogor, find that adult starts control;

Soil insect is mainly mole cricket, cutworm, grub: with 80% chlorophos wetting powder 500g, add after water-solubleization and the cottonseed cake that fries or colza cake 20kg mix thoroughly and make poison bait, in near the ground trapping that is sprinkling upon at dusk seedling root, or with octyl sulfate granule 812 powder, with sowing, be manured into soil and prevent and treat.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: very simple of such implantation methods, and be applicable to specialty or non-professional plant personnel, implantation methods is also very convenient, and the crop cycle of potato is shorter, said method can be used at all seasons, plantation that so just can be endless.The inventive method is simple, step is clear, cultivation effect is good.

Embodiment:

For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below further set forth the present invention.

A stable yields cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,

Step 1, kind are selected: autumn planting will be selected drought-enduring morning in seedling stage, medium variety.Winter, spring sowing require anti-late blight stronger in, late variety;

Step 2, presowing treatment: potato seed was placed on and is covered with the indoor of dogstail or is deposited in bamboo basket in 10-15 days prior to seeding, room temperature remains at 17-22 ℃, within 4-6 days, to stir once, after sprouting, eye can stripping and slicing stripping and slicing to be broadcast cut 47-53 piece in 1kg potato seed, want piece piece to have eye, after cutting, also will dip in otch with clean ash or quicklime powder, with anti-bacteria, invade, then dry in the air at the ventilation place that cools, wait to broadcast;

Step 3, select suitable sowing time: the optimum temperature of potato plant seedling is 20-22 ℃, and autumn planting was sowed in late September, early December results; Winter kind was sowed in early December, and early April in next year gathers in the crops; Spring sowing was sowed in early January, results at the beginning of 5 months by the end of April;

Step 4, rationally sowing: during spring sowing, need to avoid frost.After spring, soil thawed, carry out whole ground, and the moisture creating of watering.At seeding time, select the weather sowing that temperature is higher, before sowing, guarantee that soil moisture in the soil is enough.175-185kg is dialled on every mu of ground of seeding quantity, and potato adopts the row plantation of single ridge, line-spacing 25-30cm, spacing in the rows 12-15cm, row spacing 60-70cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge conventionally.After trench digging, first put potato seed, then apply fertilizer, apply desinsection particle control underground pests simultaneously;

Step 5, use sufficient base manure: execute=high-quality of base fertilizer mu decomposed manure 2000-3000lg, urea 10kg, superphosphate 40kg, potassium sulphate 30-40kg;

Step 6, reinforcement intertillage management: after emerging, will intertill and loosen the soil in time, eliminate weeds in field; While buddingging, in conjunction with agronomic measures such as fertilisings, will earth up, at cultivation and banking 2-3 time in the time of infertility, accomplish that field is without weeds, ditch is smooth, and without ponding, will prevent that people and animals from trampling frequently to potato ridge rainy season simultaneously;

Step 7, the extermination of disease and insect pest:

7.1, disease: be mainly late blight: strictly quarantine, not adjust and plant from lesion; Carry out potato seed and process, carry out the whole kind of whole potato, need stripping and slicing, sterilize to cutting knife; In vegetative period, if find that there is late blight disease plant, should spray in time medicine control, 1000 times of mancozeb wettable powders or 200 times of liquid of 20% metalaxyl wetting powder of available 50% are prevented and treated, and every 7 days 1 time, continuous spraying 3-5 time;

7.2, insect pest: be mainly aphid, 28 star ladybug and soil insects:

Aphid: prevent and treat with 1000 times of 800 times of liquid of 40% flolimat or 10% aphid lice imidacloprid wettable powders;

28 star ladybugs: with 500 times of liquid of 80% chlorophos or 1000 times of liquid spraying controls of Rogor, find that adult starts control;

Soil insect is mainly mole cricket, cutworm, grub: with 80% chlorophos wetting powder 500g, add after water-solubleization and the cottonseed cake that fries or colza cake 20kg mix thoroughly and make poison bait, in near the ground trapping that is sprinkling upon at dusk seedling root, or with octyl sulfate granule 812 powder, with sowing, be manured into soil and prevent and treat.

More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. a High Yield Potato stable yields cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,

Step 1, kind are selected: autumn planting will be selected drought-enduring morning in seedling stage, medium variety.Winter, spring sowing require anti-late blight stronger in, late variety;

Step 2, presowing treatment: potato seed was placed on and is covered with the indoor of dogstail or is deposited in bamboo basket in 10-15 days prior to seeding, room temperature remains at 17-22 ℃, within 4-6 days, to stir once, after sprouting, eye can stripping and slicing stripping and slicing to be broadcast cut 47-53 piece in 1kg potato seed, want piece piece to have eye, after cutting, also will dip in otch with clean ash or quicklime powder, with anti-bacteria, invade, then dry in the air at the ventilation place that cools, wait to broadcast;

Step 3, select suitable sowing time: the optimum temperature of potato plant seedling is 20-22 ℃, and autumn planting was sowed in late September, early December results; Winter kind was sowed in early December, and early April in next year gathers in the crops; Spring sowing was sowed in early January, results at the beginning of 5 months by the end of April;

Step 4, rationally sowing: during spring sowing, need to avoid frost.After spring, soil thawed, carry out whole ground, and the moisture creating of watering.At seeding time, select the weather sowing that temperature is higher, before sowing, guarantee that soil moisture in the soil is enough.175-185kg is dialled on every mu of ground of seeding quantity, and potato adopts the row plantation of single ridge, line-spacing 25-30cm, spacing in the rows 12-15cm, row spacing 60-70cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge conventionally.After trench digging, first put potato seed, then apply fertilizer, apply desinsection particle control underground pests simultaneously;

Step 5, use sufficient base manure: execute=high-quality of base fertilizer mu decomposed manure 2000-3000lg, urea 10kg, superphosphate 40kg, potassium sulphate 30-40kg;

Step 6, reinforcement intertillage management: after emerging, will intertill and loosen the soil in time, eliminate weeds in field; While buddingging, in conjunction with agronomic measures such as fertilisings, will earth up, at cultivation and banking 2-3 time in the time of infertility, accomplish that field is without weeds, ditch is smooth, and without ponding, will prevent that people and animals from trampling frequently to potato ridge rainy season simultaneously;

Step 7, the extermination of disease and insect pest:

7.1, disease: be mainly late blight: strictly quarantine, not adjust and plant from lesion; Carry out potato seed and process, carry out the whole kind of whole potato, need stripping and slicing, sterilize to cutting knife; In vegetative period, if find that there is late blight disease plant, should spray in time medicine control, 1000 times of mancozeb wettable powders or 200 times of liquid of 20% metalaxyl wetting powder of available 50% are prevented and treated, and every 7 days 1 time, continuous spraying 3-5 time;

7.2, insect pest: be mainly aphid, 28 star ladybug and soil insects:

Aphid: prevent and treat with 1000 times of 800 times of liquid of 40% flolimat or 10% aphid lice imidacloprid wettable powders;

28 star ladybugs: with 500 times of liquid of 80% chlorophos or 1000 times of liquid spraying controls of Rogor, find that adult starts control;

Soil insect is mainly mole cricket, cutworm, grub: with 80% chlorophos wetting powder 500g, add after water-solubleization and the cottonseed cake that fries or colza cake 20kg mix thoroughly and make poison bait, in near the ground trapping that is sprinkling upon at dusk seedling root, or with octyl sulfate granule 812 powder, with sowing, be manured into soil and prevent and treat.