A kind ofly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more of realizing, belong to plant cultivation and belong to ornamental horticulture field, be mainly used in, by plant gardening culture technique means, improving the technology of its ornamental performance.
Background technology
Azalea is the famousst and precious ornamental flower in the world, and person " spending middle Xisi, famous beauty in the late Spring and Autumn Period " is put into China's ten large famous flowers.Alpine rose is the fine work in azalea family especially, not only plant type is beautiful, leaf look beautiful, corolla is very large, rich color, and most kinds can tolerate, and-26 ℃ low do not fallen leaves, the four seasons are evergreen, damage by disease and insect is few, not only considerable flower but also considerable leaf, it is rare cold-resistant broad-leaved flowering plant, have high viewing and admiring and economic worth, the famous botanist's Wilson's of Britain is called: " in the people of imperial lineage of green flowering plant, be difficult to compare favourably with it." alpine rose that is almost seen everywhere in Europe, be " there is no not Cheng Yuan of cuckoo ".China is the original producton location of azalea, and wild resource is abundant, has long cultivation history, and various moulding cuckoos are also received by the market, and more especially by culture technique means, has realized the fallen leaves Genus Rhododendron kind of a upper open colourful flower.Due to the alpine rose of the evergreen broad-leaved biological property difference huge with fallen leaves cuckoo, traditional fallen leaves cuckoo culture technique and formative method are inapplicable for the alpine rose of evergreen broad-leaved, for common flower-grower, the Plant technique management of alpine rose is all a difficult problem, let alone to alpine rose moulding.Raising along with people's living standard and appreciation grade, people wish the same elegance of appreciating alpine rose in park or oneself garden of Ye Nengxiang American-European countries resident, the alpine rose expectation that market is spent more a tree is more and more higher, and in wild alpine rose scenic spot, there are many wild alpine rose ancient tree stake root systems because of weather, the various reasons such as geographical or artificial is subjected to destruction in various degree, root system development situation has been not enough to maintain the required nutrition supply of plant normal growth, plant branches and leaves growing way dies down or is withered, ornamental value is badly damaged, urgent need is given treatment to by modern culture technique means, to recover or to promote the landscape effect of alpine rose.
At present, on market, common fallen leaves cuckoo such as visible spring cuckoo, Xia Juan, hair cuckoo, western cuckoo etc. has been realized the moulding that a strain is spent more, and all adopts the mode of grafting different cultivars branch to realize the flower of opening different colours in a strain.The mode of being abutted against is all that stock and scion are cut to layer of wood, forms larger wound, then makes both heal into one.For wild alpine rose ancient tree, especially root system is sayed because of the wild alpine rose ancient tree stake that weather, geography or the various reasons such as artificial are subjected to destroy in various degree, root regeneration is extremely difficult, on its branch, split cut wound mouth again and carry out grafting, this brings a new difficult problem to ancient tree treatment undoubtedly; How can be under the not traumatogenic primary condition of wild alpine rose ancient tree itself, improve significantly its appreciation effect and be of value to recovery and the reconstruction of ancient tree root system, there is no at present open source literature report.
Alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree of the invention is spent more formative method, has adopted and in the ancient tree stake of evergreen broad-leaved alpine rose, has adopted the symbiosis Wicresoft inarching method of helping each other to realize the appreciation effect of the azalea of open do not suit type, different patterns on the large tree of a plant height ghent azalea.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for improving the view ornamental performance of characteristic ornamental plants alpine rose, the characteristic of utilizing the stake of alpine rose ancient tree and alpine rose seedling to have complementary advantages separately, by horticultural gardening technological means, study and create healthy and strong, plentiful tree type, and create by the collocation of different cultivars seedling the design method that different colour system one trees are spent more.
Thisly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more, comprise the steps:
A, wild alpine rose ancient tree stake root system are processed: first ancient tree root system native scarifying, plane around opened, exposed root;
B, around ancient tree stake around by red, yellow, purple, powder, white different colour systems, the alpine rose seedling of the 3-5 seedling age of different cultivars abuts against around the stake of the wild alpine rose ancient tree of same strain, and makes to be as far as possible abutted against plant root and ancient tree root system close contact;
C, be abutted against after, backfill native land or fill up the growth substrate preparing;
D, first pass water irrigate, fully wetting trimming ball.
Above-mentionedly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more, wild alpine rose ancient tree stake described in steps A comprises in scenic spot or park, and under natural environmental condition, plant type growing way deficient or important view node need to promote the alpine rose ancient tree stake of appreciation effect in the open; In high-end residential community, private garden, transplant the alpine rose ancient tree stake of coming to promote appreciation effect; Alpine rose ancient tree stake artistical bonsai.
Above-mentionedly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more, the ancient tree root after transplanting described in steps A will be cleaned out, spraying fungicide sterilization, and the root wound of brachymemma carries out local bactericidal processing when transplanting digging.
Above-mentionedly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more, described in step B, be suitable for the alpine rose seedling being abutted against, select the Growing method kind of artificial culture, or the wild seedling of the self-sow collecting from ancient tree near zone, or wild through cultivating domestication seedling, or carry out the seedling that grows directly from seeds that artificial seeding's growth forms with the wild alpine rose seed collecting, or the seedling that adopts biotechnology to breed.
Above-mentionedly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more, the seedling that is suitable for being abutted against described in step B, refers to the healthy and strong seedling of 3-5 seedling age, height of seedling >40cm;
Above-mentionedly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more, contact-making surface is not cut in being abutted against described in step B, only need be abutted against position at stem and with tingle, thinner seedling stem is fixed on ancient tree stake trunk;
The stem of the trunk of alpine rose ancient tree stake and alpine rose seedling is abutted against; according to ancient tree trunk form and seedling stem form; can uprightly close up and maybe can be coiled on ancient tree trunk; increase as much as possible the contact area of two plant stems; suitable position is fixed with little iron nail, while needing, nail nail position epidermis can be dampened slightly.
Above-mentionedly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more, backfill native land or growth substrate cover 10-20cm on root described in step C.
Above-mentionedly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more, growth substrate described in step C selects the peat composed of rotten mosses, pine needle composite material as cultivation matrix, hybrid standard take reach that quality is loose ventilative, pH value 5-6.5, water retention be principle at 80-90%, fusion 1kg/m in matrix simultaneously
3slow-release fertilizer.
Above-mentionedly realize the formative method that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree is spent more, first pass described in step D waters to pour water and uses PH5-6.5, EC value <500us/cm and dissolve in that to contain NPK be that the rich water of the instant fertile 1-1.5 ‰ of high potassium of 15: 10: 30 irrigates, fully wetting trimming ball, but noting can not ponding, move the alpine rose ancient tree of transplanting and will enter to shelter from heat or light summer, aeration-cooling.
Above-mentionedly realize the formative method pouring water treatment that alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree spends more and comprise: with water treatment purifier by the rainwater purification of running water, underground water or collection, in every cube of water, add 0.76kg NPK=9: the instant fertilizer of 45: 15, survey its EC value <500us/cm, and be 5-6.5 with the pH value that 95% phosphoric acid is adjusted water.
The present invention adopts and created with polychrome is the formative method of many kinds cuckoo seedling and the stake of Rhododendron simsii Planch ancient tree, make to abut against plant together and be the relation of symbiosis of helping each other, retain separately whole organs of the independent plant such as root, stem and leaf, but mutually depend on, the symbiosis of helping each other, becomes as a whole.
The present invention is red, yellow, purple, the different cultivars alpine rose seedling of powder, the different colour systems such as white abuts against around the stake of the wild alpine rose ancient tree of same strain, many strains seedling and the perfect adaptation of wild ancient stub are integrated, mutually depend on, the symbiosis of helping each other, and jointly grow, blossom and bear fruit, thereby the flower of realizing open multiple color on the large tree of a plant height ghent azalea, reaches the appreciation effect that a tree is spent more.Abut against alpine rose wild ancient stub seedling root system around and provide suitable habitat for ancient tree stake root, be conducive to growing of ancient tree stake self capillary root, effectively promote ancient tree stake to form healthy and strong root system, simultaneously, the fibrous root of alpine rose seedling stalwartness is distributed in around ancient tree root thick and fast, in wound healing process, part is together with ancient tree stake root system by brachymemma abuts against naturally, ancient tree root system can directly pass through horticultural gardening seedling draw nutrient from matrix quickly, thereby improves ancient tree stake transplanting success.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Schematic diagram is abutted against in the stake of Fig. 1 ancient tree
Root system after Fig. 2 is abutted against successfully and shoot and leaf growth situation schematic diagram
In figure:
1-1, ancient tree stake trunk 1-2, ancient tree stake are by the root system of brachymemma
1-3, the alpine rose seedling stem 1-4 being abutted against, the alpine rose seedling branches and leaves that are abutted against
1-5, the alpine rose seedling ball 1-6 being abutted against, for being fixed as the iron nail of alpine rose seedling plant
2-1, ancient tree stake trunk 2-2, the newborn branches and leaves of ancient tree stake
2-3, the alpine rose seedling stem 2-4 being abutted against, the alpine rose seedling kind branches and leaves that are abutted against
The whole root system that 2-5, alpine rose seedling and ancient tree stake combine
2-6, for the fixing iron nail of alpine rose seedling plant
Embodiment
Instantiation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing signal describes method step of the present invention in detail, and it is as follows that the present invention tree used is spent more combination examples:
1, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " seta cuckoo " and alpine rose red colour system garden-variety " young beauty " tree are spent more integrated mode
2, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " beauty treatment cuckoo " and alpine rose violet garden-variety " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree is spent more integrated mode
3, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " delavay rhododendron " and alpine rose pink colour are that garden-variety " flour gold butterfly " tree is spent more integrated mode
4, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " delavay rhododendron " and alpine rose violet garden-variety " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree is spent more integrated mode
5, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " seta cuckoo " and alpine rose red colour system garden-variety " young beauty " and pink colour are that kind " flour gold butterfly " tree is spent more integrated mode
6, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " seta cuckoo " and alpine rose red colour system garden-variety " young beauty " and violet kind " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree is spent more integrated mode
7, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " seta cuckoo " and alpine rose pink colour are that garden-variety " flour gold butterfly " and violet kind " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree are spent more integrated mode
8, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " beauty treatment cuckoo " and alpine rose red colour system garden-variety " young beauty " and pink colour are that kind " flour gold butterfly " tree is spent more integrated mode
9, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " beauty treatment cuckoo " and alpine rose red colour system garden-variety " young beauty " and violet kind " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree is spent more integrated mode
10, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " beauty treatment cuckoo " and alpine rose pink colour are that garden-variety " flour gold butterfly " and violet kind " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree are spent more integrated mode
11, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " delavay rhododendron " and alpine rose red colour system garden-variety " young beauty " and pink colour are that kind " flour gold butterfly " tree is spent more integrated mode
12, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " delavay rhododendron " and alpine rose red colour system garden-variety " young beauty " and violet kind " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree is spent more integrated mode
13, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " delavay rhododendron " and alpine rose pink colour are that garden-variety " flour gold butterfly " and violet kind " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree are spent more integrated mode
14, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " seta cuckoo " and alpine rose red colour system garden-variety " young beauty ", pink colour are that kind " flour gold butterfly " and violet kind " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree are spent more integrated mode
15, the ancient tree stake of wild alpine rose kind " delavay rhododendron " and alpine rose red colour system garden-variety " young beauty ", pink colour are that kind " flour gold butterfly " and violet kind " the purple star in a Divine Land " tree are spent more integrated mode.
Wild alpine rose ancient tree described here stake comprises in scenic spot or park, and under natural environmental condition, plant type growing way deficient or important view node need to promote the alpine rose ancient tree stake of appreciation effect in the open; In high-end residential community, private garden, transplant the alpine rose ancient tree stake of coming to promote appreciation effect; Alpine rose ancient tree stake artistical bonsai is made.
According to the Root Distribution of alpine rose ancient tree stake, trunk growing way and the set direction suitable above-mentioned alternative plant of being abutted against with it, utilize the characteristic of the pliable and tough Main Stem Superiority complementation of the tall and straight trunk of ancient tree stake and seedling, mould healthy and strong, plentiful tree type, require plant strain growth stalwartness, well developed root system, branch less.
The formative method that alpine rose ancient tree of the present invention stake one tree is spent more comprises the steps:
A, wild alpine rose ancient tree stake root system are processed: first ancient tree root system native scarifying, plane around opened, exposed root; Ancient tree root after transplanting will be cleaned out, spraying fungicide sterilization, and the root wound of brachymemma carries out local bactericidal processing when transplanting digging.
B, around ancient tree stake around by red, yellow, purple, powder, white different colour systems, the alpine rose seedling of the 3-5 seedling age of different cultivars abuts against around the stake of the wild alpine rose ancient tree of same strain, while being abutted against, to consider the distribution of different colour system color levels, and make to be as far as possible abutted against plant root and ancient tree root system close contact;
The alpine rose seedling that is suitable for being abutted against, select the Growing method kind of artificial culture, or the wild seedling of the self-sow collecting from ancient tree near zone, or wild through cultivating domestication seedling, or carry out the seedling that grows directly from seeds that artificial seeding's growth forms with the wild alpine rose seed collecting, or the seedling that adopts biotechnology to breed.
Specifically refer to the healthy and strong seedling of 3-5 seedling age, height of seedling >40cm;
The formative method that one tree of the invention is spent more adopts the symbiosis Wicresoft inarching method of helping each other, only cultivar (changing seedling into) root system need be centered around around ancient tree stake root system, make it close contact, and thinner cultivar (changing seedling into) stem is fixed on ancient tree stake trunk with tingle at suitable position.Tingle mainly plays fixation, when the stem of cultivar (changing seedling into) and ancient tree stake tree root are nailed together, will inevitably cause a little wound face, because two plant tree roots tightly stick together, through growth after a while, two wound faces that are close together will form new callus, and then form the new organization that is communicated with two plant phloems, thereby the effect that reaches nutrition transmission, ancient tree stake trunk can draw nourishment from from being abutted against in plant body thereon by Wicresoft's mouth of tingle.Inarching method is as Fig. 1, and effect as shown in Figure 2.
The trunk of alpine rose ancient tree stake and the stem of seedling are abutted against; according to ancient tree trunk form and seedling stem form; can uprightly close up and maybe can be coiled on ancient tree trunk; increase as much as possible the contact area of two plant stems; suitable position is fixed with little iron nail, while needing, nail nail position epidermis can be dampened slightly.
C, be abutted against after, the growth substrate that backfill native land or fill up prepares covers 10-20cm on root.
Growth substrate selects the peat composed of rotten mosses, pine needle composite material as cultivation matrix, hybrid standard take reach that quality is loose ventilative, pH value 5-6.5, water retention be principle at 80-90%, fusion 1kg/m in matrix simultaneously
3slow-release fertilizer.
D, first pass water irrigate, fully wetting trimming ball.
First pass waters to pour water and uses PH5-6.5, EC value <500us/cm and dissolve in that to contain NPK be that the rich water of the instant fertile 1-1.5 ‰ of high potassium of 15: 10: 30 irrigates, fully wetting trimming ball, but noting can not ponding, move the alpine rose ancient tree of transplanting and will enter to shelter from heat or light summer, aeration-cooling.
Above-mentioned pouring water treatment: use water treatment purifier (reverse osmosis membrane processing equipment) by the rainwater purification of running water, underground water or collection, in every cube of water, add 0.76kg NPK=9: the instant fertilizer of 45: 15, survey its EC value <500us/cm, and be 5-6.5 with the pH value that 95% phosphoric acid is adjusted water;
As shown in Figure 2, after ancient tree stake is abutted against successfully from the seedling of different cultivars, different colour systems, utilize the characteristic of having complementary advantages, both effectively recovered the root growth of ancient tree, improved ancient tree treatment and moved the success rate of transplanting, having realized again the appreciation effect of the azalea of open do not suit type, different patterns on the large tree of a plant height ghent azalea.Can effectively improve and promote visit demand and the grade of scenic spot, improve the sight at scenic spot, increase visit view node, make azalea resource view brand, improve the international popularity in scenic spot; Can effectively enrich garden landscape floristics, improve Landscape art quality; Effectively widen scope and the content of domestic bonsai production, open up new protection and Application and Development developing direction, promote the sound development of the azalea industry of flowers and plants.