CN103533896B - 具有被动热耗散的矩阵超声波探针 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种矩阵阵列超声波探针远离所述探针的远端地被动地耗散由矩阵阵列换能器及波束成形器ASIC所形成的热。所述换能器堆中形成的热联接到探针手柄内部的金属框架。金属散热器热联接到所述探针框架以远离所述框架地传送热。所述散热器围绕所述探针手柄的所述内部且具有热联接到所述探针壳体的内表面的外表面。热由此自所述散热器均匀地联接到所述壳体中而不在所述壳体中形成热点,所述热点可使超声波检验师的手不舒服。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及医疗诊断***,且尤其涉及具有被动热耗散的矩阵阵列换能器探针。
背景技术
用于二维(2D)成像的常规一维(1D)阵列换能器探针由位于***主框架中的传输驱动电路致动。探针电缆***到***主框架中,且探针表面处的阵列的换能器元件被主框架***中的驱动电路驱动以进行传输。虽然由换能器元件的压电致动产生的热必须通过探针耗散,但由***主框架中的高压驱动电路产生的热可由该***相对容易地耗散。然而,固态3D成像探针具有数以千计的换能器元件的二维矩阵,且具有数千同轴驱动信号导体的电缆是不切实际的。因此,波束成形器ASIC(微波束成形器)被用于具有用于探针自身中的换能器元件的集成驱动电路及接收电路的探针中。波束成形器ASIC控制并执行传输和接收波束成形的至少一部分以便电缆中仅需要相对少的信号路径导体,从而使得能够将实际细的电缆用于3D成像探针。
在探针中具有传输波束成形ASIC和驱动电路的情形下,由此电路产生的热现在必须自探针而非***主框架耗散。由于波束成形ASIC直接附接于换能器阵列后面,因此,换能器堆和ASIC的热现在处于探针之前部处,恰好在接触患者的透镜的后面。在过去,已采取各种方法自超声波探针的前部耗散热。美国专利5,213,103(Martin等人)中示出的一种方法是使用自探针的前部处的换能器延伸到在后部处的电缆编织层的热沉。热通过热沉自换能器导走且到达电缆编织层中,热透过电缆和探针壳体自所述电缆编织层耗散。Martin等人仅输送来自不具有驱动电路的压电换能器的热,这是由于Martin等人探针的驱动电路可能在***主框架中。一种更为主动积极的冷却方法是使用如美国专利5,560,362(Sliwa、Jr.等人)中所描述的主动冷却或者美国专利公开案第US2008/0188755号(Hart)中所描述的热电冷却器。借助于冷却剂的主动冷却需要必要的空间和装置来使冷却剂循环以及冷却剂泄露的危害,且该两种方法皆使探针内部的部件复杂性和间距复杂化。需要一种比Martin等人的技术更加有效且没有主动冷却方法的复杂性的被动冷却技术。进一步期望此类被动冷却技术以避免探针中热点的形成,所述热点可将热集中于探针壳的一个特定点或数个特定点且因此集中到探针用户的手中。
发明内容
根据本发明的原理,描述一种使用被动热耗散来耗散由矩阵阵列换能器和ASIC产生的热的矩阵阵列超声波探针。由这些元件产生的热传导到散热器,所述散热器透过探针壳体下方的表面区域散布热。通过散热器的热散布防止热点在探针壳体的手柄部分的一个特定点或者几个特定点处的形成。所散布的热然后透过探针壳体和探针电缆耗散。
附图说明
在图中:
图1图示了根据本发明的原理构建的矩阵阵列超声波探针的第一横截面视图。
图2图示了根据本发明的原理构建的矩阵阵列探针的第二横截面视图,其正交于图1。
图3是图1和2的矩阵阵列探针的四分之一部分的横截面视图。
图4图示了安装于导热探针框架上的矩阵阵列换能器堆、ASIC和衬块。
图5是用于矩阵阵列探针的散热器的一半的透视图。
图6图示了在探针壳体的一半经移除的情况下组装的先前附图的矩阵阵列探针。
图7图示了围绕散热器的一半模塑的探针壳体。
图8是图1到6的矩阵阵列探针的主要部件部分的分解组件图。
具体实施方式
首先参考图1,以横截面示出根据本发明的原理构建的矩阵阵列超声波探针10。探针10具有形成探针的手柄部分的外壳22,所述手柄部分由超声波检验师在使用所述探针时握住。探针的远端由换镜转盘壳体24包封。在覆盖远端的透镜36的后面的是由ASIC支持的矩阵阵列换能器,两者均在12处予以指示。ASIC的集成电路通过换能器元件控制传输且执行由所述阵列传输和接收的信号的传输和接收波束成形。如果期望将换能器阵列的元件联接到ASIC的电路,则可采用***物。举例来说,国际专利公开案WO2009/083896(Weekamp等人)中描述一种此类***物。在矩阵阵列换能器和ASIC后面的是石墨衬块14,石墨衬块14使来自矩阵阵列的背部的声混响衰减且远离探针的远端地传导在矩阵阵列和ASIC中所形成的热。可在共同未决的2011年3月17日提出申请的美国专利申请案第61/453,690号中找到石墨衬块的其它细节。铝或镁探针框架16与石墨衬块的背部导热接触以进一步远离探针的远端地传导热。框架16也安装探针的电部件,所述电部件自身安装于两个印刷电路板上且占据由18指示的探针的内部的空间。在探针的背部处且自探针的近端延伸的是探针电缆28。电缆28通过夹具26夹持到框架的后部。
围绕探针的手柄部分中的框架16的是散热器20。所述散热器与框架16的两侧导热接触,如图2中所示。此热接触被导热垫片(例如由导热带或导热膏(腻子(putty))形成的导热垫片)促进,在所述导热垫片处,散热器20在30处接触框架16的侧部。散热器20抵靠着框架16以及在32处通过螺钉实现的热联接部保持到位。图3是图1和2的探针的四分之一横截面视图,其示出在框架16的顶部上的印刷电路板34和围绕在探针的手柄部分中的框架16和印刷电路板的散热器20。
图4是框架16的一个实施例的透视图,其中石墨衬块14和矩阵阵列换能器以及ASIC12安装于框架的顶部上且与框架导热接触。在此实施例中,在框架16的侧部上存在凸缘38,散热器附接到所述凸缘以便有效地将热自框架传导到散热器。
图5图示了散热器20的一个实施方案。在此实施方案中,所述散热器形成为在对角定位的边缘处安装在一起的两个蚌壳式半部。图5的视图中所图示的半部在背部和顶部上围绕壳体22的手柄部分的内部,且其配对的半部围绕手柄内部的前部和底部。在此视图中可见的是两个孔,螺钉穿过所述两个孔***以将散热器紧固到框架16的一侧。
图7图示了其中壳体22围绕金属散热器而模塑的散热器的另一实施方案。在此实施方案中,手柄部分22和换镜转盘24模塑为单个壳体22’,单个壳体22’围绕散热器20’形成以便散热器20’不仅围绕手柄内部的体积,而且还向前延伸以围绕壳体的远端中的换能器堆。散热器20’将因此与石墨衬块直接导热接触,所述石墨衬块远离矩阵阵列和ASIC12地携载热。探针的远端中的热将因此被携载到探针的后部且由探针框架16和散热器20’两者耗散。
图6是本发明的组装好的探针10的平面图,其中换镜转盘和壳体22的半部被移除。此视图示出了完全包封壳体22的手柄部分内部的框架16及印刷电路板的散热器20。散热器20在其整个区域上方传导热,从而避免热点在壳体内部的特定点处形成。这些热点的形成可由使用探针的超声波检验师的手感觉到且虽然其不足以造成危险,但其可使得探针的使用不舒服。本发明的益处是热在壳体内部的整个散热器散布且单个的热点将不形成。由散热器传导的热自散热器20的外表面传导到壳体22的内表面,所述热从所述内表面透过壳体耗散且耗散到空气中。为促进将热自散热器20传送到壳体22中,导热腻子层可伸展于散热器与壳体之间,从而将热在壳体的整个内表面区域上携载到壳体中,且进一步防止热点在壳体中形成。
图8是示出了包含上文所述的部件中的许多部件的本发明的探针10的组件的分解视图。包含矩阵阵列换能器和波束成形器ASIC12以及石墨衬块14(此附图中未示出)的换能器堆紧固到探针框架16的顶部,如先前附图中所示出。印刷电路板18a和18b紧固到框架16的相对侧。来自电缆28的导线连接到印刷电路板上的连接器,且夹具26a和26b围绕电缆28的应力释放部和编织层而夹持,且所述夹具也夹持到自框架16的近端延伸的两个轨道17a和17b。框架16的近端到电缆编织层的此联接促进将热自框架传送到电缆编织层中且远离探针。导热垫片或导热腻子覆盖框架16的凸缘38的表面,且散热器的两个半部20a和20b借助于螺钉紧固到框架16的凸缘侧。换镜转盘24和透镜36放置于在换能器堆上方的组件的远端上。组装的散热器的外表面(或壳体半部的内表面)涂覆有导热腻子且壳体围绕散热器和导热腻子而放在适当位置且与散热器和导热腻子接触,其中壳体和换镜转盘的接缝被密封以防止流体进入。组装的探针现在准备用于最终测试并递送给用户。
Claims (13)
1.一种超声换能器阵列探针,包括:
换能器堆,所述换能器堆具有联接到用于换能器阵列的专用集成电路(ASIC)的换能器元件阵列;
导热框架,所述导热框架热联接到所述换能器堆;
壳体,所述壳体形成探针手柄且包封所述框架的至少一部分;和
导热散热器,所述导热散热器热联接到所述框架且呈现外表面区域,该外表面区域与所述壳体的内表面区域对准且热联接到所述内表面区域,并且其中主要热传导路径自所述散热器到所述热联接的壳体中且然后到围绕所述壳体的空气中以防止热点在所述壳体中的形成,
其特征在于,所述换能器堆进一步包括位于所述ASIC与所述框架之间的导热衬块。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述换能器元件阵列进一步包括换能器元件的二维矩阵阵列。
3.根据权利要求2所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述ASIC进一步包括波束成形器ASIC,所述波束成形器ASIC使来自所述矩阵阵列的传输波束及由所述矩阵阵列的元件接收的回波信号至少部分地波束成形。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述超声换能器阵列探针进一步包括提供所述框架与所述散热器之间的热联接的导热垫片或导热腻子。
5.根据权利要求4所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述框架具有侧部凸缘,且其中所述散热器以与所述框架的所述侧部凸缘导热接触的方式紧固。
6.根据权利要求5所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述散热器用螺钉或螺栓固定到所述框架的所述侧部凸缘。
7.根据权利要求1所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述超声换能器阵列探针进一步包括提供所述散热器与所述壳体之间的热联接的导热垫片或导热腻子。
8.根据权利要求1所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,其中所述散热器直接热联接到所述衬块。
9.根据权利要求1所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述超声换能器阵列探针进一步包括紧固至所述框架的印刷电路板。
10.根据权利要求1所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述超声换能器阵列探针进一步包括具有金属编织层的探针电缆,
其中所述框架进一步热联接到所述电缆的所述金属编织层。
11.根据权利要求1所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述散热器由铝或镁制成。
12.根据权利要求11所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述框架由铝或镁制成。
13.根据权利要求1所述的超声换能器阵列探针,其特征在于,所述壳体的至少一部分被围绕所述散热器的至少一部分模塑而成以形成单件式单元。
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