CN103507617B - 用于机动车辆的混合传动装置 - Google Patents

用于机动车辆的混合传动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103507617B
CN103507617B CN201310259424.5A CN201310259424A CN103507617B CN 103507617 B CN103507617 B CN 103507617B CN 201310259424 A CN201310259424 A CN 201310259424A CN 103507617 B CN103507617 B CN 103507617B
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gear
coupling device
motor
countershaft
output
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CN103507617A (zh
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克劳迪奥·托雷利
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Dana Graziano SRL
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Oerlikon Graziano SpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F16H37/042—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement
    • F16H37/046—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement with an additional planetary gear train, e.g. creep gear, overdrive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
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    • B60K2006/4841—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range the gear provides shifting between multiple ratios
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H2003/0826—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts wherein at least one gear on the input shaft, or on a countershaft is used for two different forward gear ratios
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19014—Plural prime movers selectively coupled to common output
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于机动车辆的混合传动装置，其包括主传动箱和单个电机，传动装置还包括置于电机与至少一个主轴之间以控制电机与至少一个主轴之间的连接的第一耦接装置、以及置于电机与至少一个副轴之间以控制电机与至少一个副轴之间的连接的第二耦接装置，在第一耦接装置处于接合位置中的情况下，电机能够将转矩传送至上面安装了第一齿轮的主轴，而在第二耦接装置处于接合位置中的情况下，电能够将转矩传送至上面安装了第二齿轮的副轴，其中，混合传动装置还包括副传动箱，副传动箱具有置于电机与第一齿轮或第二齿轮之间的两个或更多个档位。

Description

用于机动车辆的混合传动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的混合传动装置，其包括：主传动箱(maingearbox，主齿轮箱)，其制作为具有多个传动比的机械传动箱并且适于连接到车辆的内燃发动机的驱动轴；以及单个电机，其连接到主传动箱以便帮助车辆的内燃发动机产生要被传送到车轮的驱动转矩。
背景技术
已知用于机动车辆的单离合器类型与双离合器类型的混合传动装置，其中电机可永久地连接或者选择性地连接到主传动箱的主轴(primary shaft，第一轴)或者到副轴(secondary shaft，第二轴)，以便能够将转矩传送到此轴或者接收来自此轴的转矩。因此电机能够不仅执行牵引(通过从车辆的电池取得能量而产生用于车轮的机械能)以及再生(当其运行而车辆静止时，通过恢复车辆的动能或者通过利用内燃发动机来产生用于车辆的电池的电能)的主要功能，并且还辅助地起到诸如交流发电机与启动电机的作用。
EP-A-1232891公开了一种用于机动车辆的混合传动装置，其包括主传动箱与单个电机，其中主传动箱是具有多个档位(gear，排挡)的机械传动箱，并且包括适于连接到车辆的内燃发动机的驱动轴的至少一个主轴以及适于连接到车轮的副轴。电机通过连接齿轮组可释放地连接到至少一个主轴并且连接到至少一个副轴，所述连接齿轮组包括空转地(idly)安装在至少一个主轴上的第一齿轮以及空转地安装在至少一个副轴上并且直接地或间接地与第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮，以便允许转矩在电机与至少一个主轴和副轴之间传送。传动装置还包括置于电机与至少一个主轴之间以控制电机与此轴之间连接的第一耦接装置，以及置于电机与至少一个副轴之间以控制电机与此轴之间连接的第二耦接装置。第一耦接装置可移动到一接合位置中，在该接合位置中所述第一耦接装置与第一齿轮连接以便随着相应的主轴旋转，并且进入到一脱离接合位置中，在该脱离接合位置中所述第一耦接装置使第一齿轮与相应的主轴脱离连接。第二耦接装置至少可移动到一接合位置中，在该接合位置中所述第二耦接装置与第二齿轮连接以便随着相应的主轴旋转，并且可移动进入一脱离接合位置中，在该脱离接合位置中所述第二耦接装置使第二齿轮与相应的副轴脱离连接，以此种方式，随着第一耦接装置在接合位置中，电机能够将转矩传送到上面安装了第一齿轮的主轴，同时随着第二耦接装置处于接合位置中，电机能够将转矩传送到上面安装了第二齿轮的副轴。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于机动车辆的提供了较宽范围操作模式的混合传动装置。
凭借如下的用于机动车辆的混合传动装置完全地实现了根据本发明的此目的和其他目的，除了已经在上面描述的现有技术的特征以外，该混合传动装置包括，具有置于电机与第一齿轮或第二齿轮之间的两个或更多个档位的副传动箱(secondary gearbox)，此副传动箱允许改变电机与主传动箱之间的传动比。
附图说明
通过下面参照附图仅通过非限制性实例的方式给出的详细的描述，本发明的其他特征与优点将会变得明显，在附图中：
图1是根据本发明实施方式的用于机动车辆的混合传动装置的立体图；
图2示出了图1的传动装置的截面的平面展开图；
图3和图4分别地是截面图与前视图，其以放大比例详细示出了图1的传动装置的副传动箱(即，与电机相关联的传动箱)；
图5是处于空挡状态(neutral condition)的图1的传动装置的示意图；
图6是第一档位接合的情况下处于混合模式牵引状态下的图1的传动装置的示意图；
图7是第二档位接合的情况下处于混合模式牵引状态下的图1的传动装置的示意图；
图8是第三档位接合的情况下处于混合模式牵引状态下的图1的传动装置的示意图；
图9是第四档位接合的情况下处于混合模式牵引状态下的图1的传动装置的示意图；
图10是第五档位接合的情况下处于混合模式牵引状态下的图1的传动装置的示意图；
图11是第六档位接合的情况下处于混合模式牵引状态下的图1的传动装置的示意图；
图12是副传动箱的第一档位接合的情况下处于纯电模式牵引状态下的图1的传动装置的示意图；
图13是副传动箱的第二档位接合的情况下处于纯电模式牵引状态下的图1的传动装置的示意图；
图14是副传动箱的第一档位接合的情况下电机连接到车辆的内燃发动机的状态下图1的传动装置的示意图；以及
图15是副传动箱的第二档位接合的情况下电机连接到车辆的内燃发动机的状态下图1的传动装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
首先参照图1和图2，总体上以10指示根据本发明实施方式的用于机动车辆的混合传动装置，并且基本上包括：与车辆的内燃发动机关联的主传动箱12，可释放地连接到主传动箱12的电机14以及与电机14关联的副传动箱16。主传动箱12是具有多个档位(在提出的实施方式中，传动箱具有六个档位)的机械传动箱(即，设有齿轮的传动箱)，并且所述主传动箱设计为在其输入侧上通过摩擦离合器18(在图5至图15中示意性示出)连接到车辆的内燃发动机(未示出)，并且在其输出侧上通过差速齿轮20和一对半轴22连接到车轮(未示出)。摩擦离合器18、以及差速齿轮20是本身已知的类型，并且在本发明中不起任何作用，因此在下面的描述中将不会详细地进行描述。根据将要更进一步详细描述的多个操作模式，电机14可以连接到主传动箱12的输入侧以及输出侧并且因此能够与内燃发动机以及与车轮交换(即，传送与接收)转矩。副传动箱16置于电机14与主传动箱12之间以改变电机14用以将运动传送到主传动箱12/接收来自主传动箱12的运动的传动比。
在提出的实施方式中，传动装置是单离合器式的，因此主传动箱12包括通过摩擦离合器18可扭转地连接到车辆的内燃发动机的驱动轴的单个主轴24。无论如何，传动装置甚至可以是双离合器式的，在此情形中主传动箱可以以本身已知的方式包括两个主轴，每个主轴均可通过相应的摩擦离合器连接到车辆的内燃发动机的驱动轴。此外，在提出的实施方式中，主传动箱12是两轴传动箱并且因此包括平行于主轴24布置的单个副轴26。无论如何，主传动箱12甚至可以包括不止一个副轴。
主传动箱12的主轴24承载多个驱动齿轮(在提出的实施方式中，六个驱动齿轮)，每个驱动齿轮均与相应的档位相关联，同时副轴26承载相应的多个从动齿轮，每个从动齿轮均永久性地与相应的驱动齿轮啮合以执行相应的挡速。副轴26还承载布置为与差速齿轮20的输入齿轮啮合的最终减速小齿轮28。更具体地说，在提出的实施方式中，主轴24按照相对于观察图2的人从左到右的顺序承载了：与第三档位相关联的驱动齿轮30、与第六档位相关联的驱动齿轮32、与第四档位相关联的驱动齿轮34、与第二档位相关联的驱动齿轮36、与第五档位相关联的驱动齿轮38以及与第一档位相关联的驱动齿轮40。驱动齿轮34、36、38和40制成为固定的齿轮，并且因此永久地连接以便随着主轴24旋转，而驱动齿轮30和32空转地安装在主轴24上并且可选择性地连接以便通过本身已知类型的耦接装置42随着所述主轴旋转。耦接装置42可移动到第一接合位置中(相对于观察图2的人的左手位置)，其中该耦接装置连接驱动齿轮30以便随主轴24一起旋转到第二接合位置中(相对于观察图2的人的右手位置)，其中该耦接装置连接驱动齿轮32以便随着主轴24一起旋转到空挡中间位置中，其中该耦接装置不会连接驱动齿轮30或驱动齿轮30以随着主轴24旋转。在提出的实施方式中，副轴26以相对于观察图2的人按照从左到右的顺序承载了：永久性地与驱动齿轮30啮合以形成第三档位的齿轮组的从动齿轮44，永久性地与驱动齿轮32啮合以形成第六档位的齿轮组的从动齿轮46，永久性地与驱动齿轮34啮合以形成第四档位的齿轮组的从动齿轮48，永久性地与驱动齿轮36啮合以形成第二档位的齿轮组的从动齿轮50，永久性地与驱动齿轮38啮合以形成第五档位的齿轮组的从动齿轮52，以及永久性地与驱动齿轮40啮合以形成第一档位的齿轮组的从动齿轮54。尽管从动齿轮46制成为固定齿轮，并且因此永久性地连接以便随着副轴26一起旋转，全部其他从动齿轮都空转地安装在副轴26上并且可选择性地连接以便通过本身已知类型的耦接装置随着所述副轴旋转。更具体地说，副轴26承载：紧邻从动齿轮44布置(在提出的实施方式中，布置在从动齿轮44与从动齿轮46之间)以与此齿轮连接以便随着副轴26旋转的耦接装置56，置于从动齿轮48与从动齿轮50之间以选择性地连接这些齿轮中的任一个以便随着副轴26旋转的耦接装置58，以及置于从动齿轮52与从动齿轮54之间以选择性地连接这些齿轮中的任一个以便随着副轴26旋转的耦接装置60。耦接装置56可以是同步的耦接装置或非同步的耦接装置，这是无关紧要的，该耦接装置在接合位置(相对于观察图2的人的左手位置)与空挡位置之间可移动，在接合位置中该耦接装置连接从动齿轮44以便随着副轴26一起旋转，在空挡位置中该耦接装置不与所述从动齿轮接触以随着所述副轴旋转。耦接装置58在第一接合位置(相对于观察图2的人的左手位置)与第二接合位置(相对于观察图2的人的右手位置)之间可移动，在第一接合位置中该耦接装置与从动齿轮48连接以随着副轴26旋转，在第二接合位置中该耦接装置与从动齿轮50连接以随着副轴26旋转，并经过空挡中间位置，在该空挡中间位置中该耦接装置不与从动齿轮48或从动齿轮50连接以随着副轴26旋转。耦接装置60在第一接合位置(相对于观察图2的人的左手位置)与第二接合位置(相对于观察图2的人的右手位置)之间可移动，在第一接合位置中该耦接装置与从动齿轮52连接以便随着副轴26旋转，在第二接合位置中该耦接装置与从动齿轮54连接以便随着副轴26旋转，并经过空挡中间位置，在该空挡中间位置中该耦接装置不与从动齿轮52或从动齿轮54连接以随着副轴26旋转。
不仅主传动箱12的轴的数量(已经如上所述的)，而且与多个档位相关联的齿轮组的档位数量与布置当然也可以与这里公开的不同，应该清楚的是，齿轮组中的至少一个的驱动齿轮以及从动齿轮都空转地安装在此传动箱的相应主轴与副轴上。驱动齿轮以及从动齿轮都空转地安装在此传动箱的相应的主轴与副轴上的齿轮组优选的是与主传动箱的中间档位相关联的齿轮组，即既不是与最低档位关联也不是与最高档位关联。在提出的实施方式中，其中主传动箱具有六个档位，此齿轮组与第三档位相关联。
如已经在上面所述的，电机14可释放地连接到主传动箱12的输入侧以及输出侧，即通过驱动齿轮以及从动齿轮都空转地安装在相应的轴上的齿轮组。尽管不是必要的，但此齿轮组优选地是限定主传动箱中的其中一个档位的齿轮组，在当前情形中是第三档位的齿轮组。更具体地说，电机14以这样的方式与驱动齿轮30连接：在耦接装置42在第一接合位置中的情况下(即，驱动齿轮30被连接以便随着主轴24旋转)，电机14将转矩通过驱动齿轮30传送到主轴24，同时在耦接装置56处于接合位置中的情况下(即，从动齿轮44被连接以便随着副轴26旋转)，电机14将转矩通过驱动齿轮30和从动齿轮44传送到副轴26。在提出的实施方式中，电机14布置为使其自身的输出轴(指示为62)平行于主传动箱12的轴24和26并且通过齿轮组连接到此传动箱的驱动齿轮30，该齿轮组包括可连接以便随着输出轴62旋转的输出齿轮64以及永久性地与输出齿轮64啮合并且与驱动齿轮30啮合的中间齿轮66。在输出齿轮64与驱动齿轮30之间，除了齿轮66以外还可以存在其他中间齿轮。电机14还可以连接到从动齿轮44而不是驱动齿轮30。
副传动箱16允许改变电机14用以将运动传送到主传动箱12的驱动齿轮30的传动比，并且，如果有必要的话，甚至使电机14与主传动箱12脱离连接。在提出的实施方式中，副传动箱16包括置于电机14的输出轴62与输出齿轮64之间的减速机构68以及适于与输出齿轮64连接以便交替地随着减速机构68或随着输出轴62旋转的耦接装置70。通过这种方式，在输出齿轮64被连接以便随着减速机构68旋转的情况下，电机14以第一传动比(低档位)将运动传送到主传动箱12，转矩经过输出轴62、减速机构68、输出齿轮64与中间齿轮66，或者反之亦然(根据电机14是作为电动机还是作为发电机工作)，同时在输出齿轮64直接地被连接以便随着输出轴62旋转的情况下，电机14以第二传动比(高档位)将运动传送到主传动箱12，转矩经过输出轴62、输出齿轮64以及中间齿轮66，或者反之亦然(根据电机14是作为电动机还是作为发电机工作)。更具体地说，还参照图3和图4，在提出的实施方式中，减速机构68是行星减速机构并且包括：太阳齿轮72，其驱动地被连接以便随着中间轴74旋转，该中间轴转而被连接以便例如通过花键耦接件76随着电机14的输出轴62旋转；行星承载件78，其承载多个行星齿轮80(在提出的实施方式中是三个行星齿轮)；以及齿圈82。行星承载件78和输出齿轮64都空转地安装在中间轴74上。耦接装置70允许交替地连接行星承载件78或输出齿轮64以便随着电机14的中间轴74，并且因此随着输出轴62旋转。在提出的实施方式中，耦接装置70制成为滑动套管，并且一个方面设有适于交替地与行星承载件78的对应接合齿86或与中间轴74的对应接合齿88(在示出的实例中这些齿都制成为外齿)啮合的第一接合齿84(在示出的实例中制成为内齿)，并且在另一个方面设有与输出齿轮64的相应接合齿92(在示出的实例中制成为外齿)永久性地啮合的第二接合齿90(在示出的实例中制成为内齿)。耦接装置70在第一接合位置(相对于观察图2的人的左手位置)与第二接合位置(相对于观察图2的人的右手位置)以及空挡位置之间可移动，在第一接合位置中该耦接装置与行星承载件78连接以随输出齿轮64旋转，由此执行低档位，在第二接合位置中该耦接装置与中间轴74连接以及因此与输出轴74连接以便随着输出齿轮64旋转，由此执行高档位，在空挡位置中，输出齿轮64既不连接到行星承载件78也不连接到中间轴74。
现在将参照图5至图15来描述传动装置10的多种操作情况中的一些，其中与主传动箱12中的第一档位、第二档位、第三档位、第四档位、第五档位、第六档位相关联的齿轮组相应地以罗马数字I、II、III、IV、V和VI表示，而副传动箱16的耦接装置70与低档位接合以及与高档位接合相对应的位置分别通过L和H表示。在图5至图15中示出的示意图的每个中，在传动装置中的转矩路径以箭头指示。
图5示出了传动装置10的空挡状态，其中主传动箱12全部三个耦接装置42、56和58与副传动箱16的耦接装置70都处于空挡位置中。因此，在此情形中，内燃发动机与电机14都不将转矩传送到车辆车轮。
图6至图11表示其中主传动箱12的耦接装置56处于接合位置中的情形。在此情形中，电机14可以通过将副传动箱16的耦接装置70移动到第一接合位置或第二接合位置中而连接到主传动箱12的副轴26，并且因此可以将转矩传送到与内燃发动机平行的车轮。在此连接中，应该指出的是，具有与电机相关联的副传动箱使得电机能够在机动车辆的较宽速度范围中以每分钟最佳转数的情况操作(最大效率)。
图6示出了通过将耦接装置60移动到上面定义的第二接合位置中而获得的第一档位接合的状态，其中此装置与第一档位的从动齿轮54连接以便随着副轴26旋转。因此，通过由驱动齿轮40以及由动齿轮54形成的第一档位的齿轮组而从主传动箱12的主轴24到副轴26传送运动。
图7示出了通过将耦接装置58移动到上面定义的第二接合位置中而获得的第二档位接合的状态，其中此装置与第二档位的从动齿轮50连接以便随着副轴26旋转。因此，通过由驱动齿轮36以及由从动齿轮50形成的第二档位的齿轮组而从主传动箱12的主轴24到副轴26传送运动。
图8示出了第三档位接合的情形，第三档位接合通过将耦接装置42移动到上面定义的第一接合位置(在第一接合位置中此装置与第三档位的驱动齿轮30连接以便随着主轴24旋转)，以及通过将耦接装置56移动到上面定义的第一接合位置中(在第一接合位置中此装置与第三档位的从动齿轮44连接以便随着副轴26旋转)而获得。因此，通过由驱动齿轮30以及由从动齿轮44形成的第三档位的齿轮组而从主传动箱12的主轴24到副轴26传送运动。
图9示出了通过将耦接装置58移动到上面定义的第一接合位置中而获得的第四档位接合的状态，其中此装置与第四档位的从动齿轮48连接以便随着副轴26旋转。因此，通过由驱动齿轮34以及由从动齿轮48形成的第四档位的齿轮组而从主传动箱12的主轴24到副轴26传送运动。
图10示出了通过将耦接装置60移动到上面定义的第一接合位置中而获得的第五档位接合的状态，其中此装置与第五档位的从动齿轮52连接以便随着副轴26旋转。因此，通过由驱动齿轮38以及由从动齿轮52形成的第五档位的齿轮组而从主传动箱12的主轴24到副轴26传送运动。
图11示出了通过将耦接装置42移动到上面定义的第二接合位置中而获得的第六档位接合的状态，其中此装置与第六档位的驱动齿轮32连接以便随着主轴24旋转。因此，通过由驱动齿轮32以及由从动齿轮46形成的第六档位的齿轮组而从主传动箱12的主轴24到副轴26传送运动。
图12和图13示出了传动装置的纯电子操作状态，其中电机14凭借处于第一接合位置的耦接装置56连接到主传动箱的副轴26(并且因此从动齿轮轴44被连接以便随着副轴26旋转)，并且其中副传动箱16的耦接装置70处于第一接合位置或第二接合位置中。主传动箱12的全部其他耦接装置42、58和60都保持在空挡位置中。在图12中示出的情形中，电机14以低档位接合传送转矩，而图13表示副传动箱16的高档位接合的情形。
最后，图14和图15表示其中电机14连接到主传动箱12的主轴24，并且因此通过摩擦离合器18连接到车辆的内燃发动机，以便作为用于起动内燃发动机的起动电动机操作或者作为用于产生电流以便为车辆配电板上的电池充电的发电机。在此情形中，耦接装置42处于第一接合位置中，以便连接驱动齿轮30从而随着主轴24旋转，同时如图14和图15中所示的，副传动箱16的耦接装置70可以分别布置在第一接合位置或第二接合位置中。主传动箱12的全部其他耦接装置56、58和60都保持在空挡位置中。
简而言之，因此根据本发明的混合传动装置能够以下面的操作模式操作：
-非混合牵引模式，其中电机既不连接到传动装置的输入侧(主轴)也不连接到输出侧(副轴)，并且因此车轮仅接收来自内燃发动机的转矩；
-混合牵引模式，其中电机以一个或多个传动比(在提出的实施方式中为两个传动比)连接到传动装置的输出侧(副轴)，并且作为电动机运行以并行于内燃发动机来产生用于车轮的转矩；
-纯电牵引模式，其中电机以一个或多个传动比(在提出的实施方式中为两个传动比)连接到传动装置的输出侧(副轴)并且作为电动机运行以产生用于车轮的转矩以便代替内燃发动机；此模式可以在以纯电模式(在驱动中或反转中，纯电模式通过反转电机的旋转方向获得)驱动时使用或者在主传动箱的移动阶段期间使用，以补偿或者至少减小当从一个档位到另一个档位转移发生的转矩传送的中断(所谓的“转矩死点(torque hold)”)；
-启动模式，其中电机连接到传动装置的输入侧(主轴)并且作为起动电机工作以便起动车辆的内燃发动机；
-产生模式，其中电机连接到传动装置的输入侧(主轴)并且接收来自车辆的内燃发动机的运动以作为发电机工作以便对车辆的配电板上的电池充电；以及
-动能恢复模式，其中电机连接到传动装置的输出侧(副轴)并且接收来自车轮的运动以作为发电机工作以便对车辆的配电板上的电池充电；在此操作模式中，来自电机的阻力转矩导致车轮上的制动效果并且因此可以用作制动辅助装置。
自然地，本发明的原理保持不改变，由此在不偏离如在所附权利要求中限定的本发明范围的情况下，实施方式与结构性细节可以从仅通过非限定实例描述与说明的那些实施方式与结构性细节进行宽泛地变化。

Claims (16)

1.一种用于机动车辆的混合传动装置(10)，所述混合传动装置包括主传动箱(12)和单个电机(14)，
其中，所述主传动箱(12)是具有多个档位的机械传动箱，并且所述主传动箱包括适于连接到所述车辆的内燃发动机的驱动轴的至少一个主轴(24)以及适于连接到车轮的至少一个副轴(26)，
其中，所述电机(14)通过连接齿轮组(30、44)能够释放地连接至所述至少一个主轴(24)以及连接至所述至少一个副轴(26)，所述连接齿轮组包括空转地安装在所述至少一个主轴(24)上的第一齿轮(30)以及空转地安装在所述至少一个副轴(26)上的第二齿轮(44)，并且所述第二齿轮直接地或间接地与所述第一齿轮(30)啮合，以便允许在所述电机(14)与所述至少一个主轴(24)和至少一个副轴(26)之间传送转矩，
其中，所述传动装置(10)还包括置于所述电机(14)与所述至少一个主轴(24)之间以控制所述电机(14)与所述至少一个主轴(24)之间的连接的第一耦接装置(42)、以及置于所述电机(14)与所述至少一个副轴(26)之间以控制所述电机(14)与所述至少一个副轴(26)之间的连接的第二耦接装置(56)，
其中，所述第一耦接装置(42)能够移动至一接合位置中，在该接合位置中所述第一耦接装置与所述第一齿轮(30)连接以便随着相应的所述主轴(24)旋转，并且所述第一耦接装置能够进入一脱离接合位置中，在该脱离接合位置中所述第一耦接装置使所述第一齿轮(30)从相应的所述主轴(24)脱离连接，并且所述第二耦接装置(56)至少能够移动至一接合位置中，在该接合位置中所述第二耦接装置(56)与所述第二齿轮(44)连接以便随着相应的所述副轴(26)旋转，并且所述第二耦接装置能够进入一脱离接合位置中，在该脱离接合位置中所述第二耦接装置使所述第二齿轮(44)与相应的所述副轴(26)脱离连接，以此种方式：在所述第一耦接装置(42)处于所述接合位置中的情况下，所述电机(14)能够将转矩传送至上面安装了所述第一齿轮(30)的所述主轴(24)，而在所述第二耦接装置(56)处于所述接合位置中的情况下，所述电机(14)能够将转矩传送至上面安装了所述第二齿轮(44)的所述副轴(26)，
其特征在于，所述混合传动装置还包括副传动箱(16)，所述副传动箱具有置于所述电机(14)与所述第一齿轮(30)或所述第二齿轮(44)之间的两个或更多个档位。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述主传动箱(12)包括适于执行各自的相应档位(I、II、III、IV、V、VI)的多个齿轮组(30、44、32、46、34、48、36、50、38、52、40、54)，并且所述多个齿轮组中的每个均包括通过所述至少一个主轴(24)承载的驱动齿轮(30、32、34、36、38、40)以及通过所述至少一个副轴(26)承载并且直接地或间接地与相应的所述驱动齿轮(30、32、34、36、38、40)啮合的从动齿轮(44、46、48、50、52、54)，并且其中，所述连接齿轮组(30、44)形成所述多个齿轮组(30、44、32、46、34、48、36、50、38、52、40、54)的一部分。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述连接齿轮组件(30、44)适于执行所述主传动箱(12)的中间档位。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述主传动箱(12)是具有六个档位的传动箱，并且其中，所述连接齿轮组(30、44)适于执行所述主传动箱(12)的第三档位。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述电机(14)包括输出轴(62)以及空转地安装在所述输出轴(62)上的输出齿轮(64)，并且所述输出齿轮被连接以便随着所述第一齿轮(30)或随着所述第二齿轮(44)旋转，其中所述副传动箱(16)包括置于所述输出轴(62)与所述输出齿轮(64)之间的减速机构(68)以及与所述输出齿轮(64)相关联的耦接装置(70)，其中所述减速机构(68)包括输入构件(72)和输出构件(78)，并且其中，所述副传动箱(16)的耦接装置(70)至少能够移动至一第一接合位置中，在该第一接合位置中所述耦接装置与所述输出齿轮(64)连接以便随着所述输出构件(78)旋转以执行所述副传动箱(16)的第一档位、或低档位，并且所述耦接装置能够进入一第二接合位置中，在该第二接合位置中所述耦接装置与所述输出齿轮(64)连接以便直接地随着输出轴(62)旋转以执行所述副传动箱(16)的第二档位、或高档位。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述减速机构(68)是行星减速机构。
7.根据权利要求5所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述副传动箱(16)的耦接装置(70)还能够移动至一空挡位置中，在该空挡位置中所述耦接装置使所述输出齿轮(64)与所述输出轴(62)并且与所述输出构件(78)脱离连接。
8.根据权利要求6所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述副传动箱(16)的耦接装置(70)还能够移动到一空挡位置中，在该空挡位置中所述耦接装置使所述输出齿轮(64)与所述输出轴(62)并且与所述输出构件(78)脱离连接。
9.一种用于机动车辆的混合传动装置(10)，所述混合传动装置包括主传动箱(12)和单个电机(14)，
其中，所述主传动箱(12)是具有多个档位的机械传动箱，并且所述主传动箱包括适于连接到所述车辆的内燃发动机的驱动轴的至少一个主轴(24)以及适于连接到车轮的至少一个副轴(26)，
其中，所述电机(14)通过连接齿轮组(30、44)能够释放地连接至所述至少一个主轴(24)以及连接至所述至少一个副轴(26)，所述连接齿轮组包括空转地安装在所述至少一个主轴(24)上的第一齿轮(30)以及空转地安装在所述至少一个副轴(26)上的第二齿轮(44)，并且所述第二齿轮直接地或间接地与所述第一齿轮(30)啮合，以便允许在所述电机(14)与所述至少一个主轴(24)和至少一个副轴(26)之间传送转矩，
其中，所述传动装置(10)还包括置于所述电机(14)与所述至少一个主轴(24)之间以控制所述电机(14)与所述至少一个主轴(24)之间的连接的第一耦接装置(42)、以及置于所述电机(14)与所述至少一个副轴(26)之间以控制所述电机(14)与所述至少一个副轴(26)之间的连接的第二耦接装置(56)，
其中，所述第一耦接装置(42)能够移动至一接合位置中，在该接合位置中所述第一耦接装置与所述第一齿轮(30)连接以便随着相应的所述主轴(24)旋转，并且所述第一耦接装置能够进入一脱离接合位置中，在该脱离接合位置中所述第一耦接装置使所述第一齿轮(30)从相应的所述主轴(24)脱离连接，并且所述第二耦接装置(56)至少能够移动至一接合位置中，在该接合位置中所述第二耦接装置(56)与所述第二齿轮(44)连接以便随着相应的所述副轴(26)旋转，并且所述第二耦接装置能够进入一脱离接合位置中，在该脱离接合位置中所述第二耦接装置使所述第二齿轮(44)与相应的所述副轴(26)脱离连接，以此种方式：在所述第一耦接装置(42)处于所述接合位置中的情况下，所述电机(14)能够将转矩传送至上面安装了所述第一齿轮(30)的所述主轴(24)，而在所述第二耦接装置(56)处于所述接合位置中的情况下，所述电机(14)能够将转矩传送至上面安装了所述第二齿轮(44)的所述副轴(26)，
其特征在于，所述混合传动装置还包括副传动箱(16)，所述副传动箱具有耦接至所述电机(14)的两个或更多个档位，以允许改变所述电机(14)与所述主传动箱(12)之间的传动比。
10.根据权利要求9所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述主传动箱(12)包括适于执行各自的相应档位(I、II、III、IV、V、VI)的多个齿轮组(30、44、32、46、34、48、36、50、38、52、40、54)，并且所述多个齿轮组中的每个均包括通过所述至少一个主轴(24)承载的驱动齿轮(30、32、34、36、38、40)以及通过所述至少一个副轴(26)承载并且直接地或间接地与相应的所述驱动齿轮(30、32、34、36、38、40)啮合的从动齿轮(44、46、48、50、52、54)，并且其中，所述连接齿轮组(30、44)形成所述多个齿轮组(30、44、32、46、34、48、36、50、38、52、40、54)的一部分。
11.根据权利要求10所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述连接齿轮组件(30、44)适于执行所述主传动箱(12)的中间档位。
12.根据权利要求11所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述主传动箱(12)是具有六个档位的传动箱，并且其中，所述连接齿轮组(30、44)适于执行所述主传动箱(12)的第三档位。
13.根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述电机(14)包括输出轴(62)以及空转地安装在所述输出轴(62)上的输出齿轮(64)，并且所述输出齿轮被连接以便随着所述第一齿轮(30)或随着所述第二齿轮(44)旋转，其中所述副传动箱(16)包括置于所述输出轴(62)与所述输出齿轮(64)之间的减速机构(68)以及与所述输出齿轮(64)相关联的耦接装置(70)，其中所述减速机构(68)包括输入构件(72)和输出构件(78)，并且其中，所述副传动箱(16)的耦接装置(70)至少能够移动至一第一接合位置中，在该第一接合位置中所述耦接装置与所述输出齿轮(64)连接以便随着所述输出构件(78)旋转以执行所述副传动箱(16)的第一档位、或低档位，并且所述耦接装置能够进入一第二接合位置中，在该第二接合位置中所述耦接装置与所述输出齿轮(64)连接以便直接地随着输出轴(62)旋转以执行所述副传动箱(16)的第二档位、或高档位。
14.根据权利要求13所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述减速机构(68)是行星减速机构。
15.根据权利要求13所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述副传动箱(16)的耦接装置(70)还能够移动至一空挡位置中，在该空挡位置中所述耦接装置使所述输出齿轮(64)与所述输出轴(62)并且与所述输出构件(78)脱离连接。
16.根据权利要求14所述的混合传动装置，其中，所述副传动箱(16)的耦接装置(70)还能够移动到一空挡位置中，在该空挡位置中所述耦接装置使所述输出齿轮(64)与所述输出轴(62)并且与所述输出构件(78)脱离连接。
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