CN103477989A - Method for cultivating eucalyptus tissue culture seedling by adopting light media container - Google Patents
Method for cultivating eucalyptus tissue culture seedling by adopting light media container Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
A method for cultivating a eucalyptus tissue culture seedling by adopting a light media container is characterized by adopting plant tissue culture and rapid propagation, optimizing ratio and treating processes of light media raw materials, improving a rooting bottle seedling hardening method and selecting a small atomized insecticide spraying machine to replace a method for manually spraying insecticide. The light media container has good water permeability and air permeability and is light, so that the labor intensity is reduced; root systems are developed, nursery stocks are strong, and the seedling recovering period is short after afforestation, thus, costs for seedling culture and afforestation are reduced; and moreover, rooting bottle seedling yield is higher than 98%, transplanting survival rate of bottle seedlings is higher than 95%, seedling morbidity is lower than 2%, the seedling culture period is relatively shortened to 45-60 days, then, the outplanting can be performed, the outplanting rate of large seedlings is higher than 90%, and the survival rate of afforestation is increased by 15%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of the light matrix container group training of a kind of breeding method of eucalyptus choiceness seedling, particularly a kind of eucalyptus seedling.
Background technology
Eucalyptus is the general name that Myrtaceae (Myrtacae) eucalyptus belongs to (Eucaluptus) plant, be described as one of the world's three large quick growing species of treess, China starts introducing a fine variety of system and cultivates eucalyptus is since mid-1980s in 20th century Australia's international cooperative research project, by project implementation, China eucalyptus is introduced a fine variety with genetic improvement and has obtained remarkable effect, select a collection of good seeds and choiceness, as breeding alpine ash (E.grandi s), Eucalyptus urophylla etc. and the choiceness such as DH32 series; At present, breeding fast-growing eucalyptus is the main popularization and afforestation seeds in China south China, southwest, and eucalyptus seedling demand is huge; Mostly employing group of breeding speed Feng An seedling training seedling is cultivated, the Eucalyptus Tissue Cultured seedling is to utilize plant tissue culture technique to adopt, in the mode of the numerous bud of bud, breeding eucalyptus choiceness is carried out to the vegetative propagation acquisition, adopting the plant tissue culture technology can obtain at short notice a large amount of eucalyptus choiceness nursery stocks, is the method for less investment, instant effect.
The tradition eucalyptus is grown seedlings and usually adopts the plastic film seedling-raising bag is that container and yellow soil are grown seedlings as seedling medium.Because plastic sack is permeable, gas permeability is poor, meet high temperature and rainy nursery stock in season and invaded by germ, cause the death of nursery stock disease, and yellow soil to make matrix weight large, cause growing seedlings and when afforestation labour intensity of going up a hill large, and the plastic film seedling-raising bag causes white pollution to environment.Light substrate seedling is grown seedlings and is compared with conventional yellow soil, has that permeability is good, seedling root is flourishing, lightweight, a packing, convenient transportation, the characteristics that cost of forestation is low; The raw material that light matrix adopts is for by fermentation or the discarded object of the agricultural and forestry production of carbonization treatment, light body mineral matter or using industrial solid waste etc., and cost is low, low in the pollution of the environment, the suitable first-selected matrix as modern efficient, nontoxic factorial seedling growth.But the light base starting material proportioning that the different units of growing seedlings adopt is not quite similar, larger to the growth effect of group training seedling, simultaneously due to the seedling management improper measures, easily cause bottle transplantation of seedlings survival rate and outplanting rate lower, the nursery stock incidence of disease is also higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is by adopt plant tissue culture soon numerous, use nonwoven substituted for plastic bag, optimize light base starting material proportioning and raw material processing procedure, improve bottle hardening off method of taking root, excellently join management after bottle transplantation of seedlings, select small-sized atomization Insecticide sprayer to substitute the methods such as artificial spraying's agricultural chemicals, the method for quickly breeding that a kind of survival rate is high, quality good, the light matrix container group of lightweight eucalyptus is trained seedling is provided, and the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above with following technical scheme:
1, the tissue-culturing rapid propagation of the excellent strain of breeding eucalyptus:
(1) collection of explant and sterilization: the eucalyptus semi-lignified branch that gathers robust growth at fine day, gathered sterilization on the same day same day, first with the water that contains a little washing powder (or liquid detergent), clean 1~2 time and rinse well with clear water, alcohol-pickled with 70%~75% and shake the several seconds again, wait to add 0.1% mercuric chloride solution and shake sterilization 5 minutes, rear use sterile water wash 3~5 times;
(2) inoculation: first by inoculating appliance process sterilization, cut required explant cultivation position and move in fresh inducing culture.Should secretly cultivate 7~10 days after the explant inoculation, then proceed to light and cultivate;
(3) propagation is cultivated: will induce sterilizable material cutting again under aseptic condition of acquisition, and put into subculture medium and carry out subculture cultivation accelerates multiplication, make it to form the clump bud, and periodic replication, to reach the purpose of Fast-propagation.Temperature in culturing room is controlled at 25 ± 2 ℃, and intensity of illumination is 1000~5000Lx, 10~16 hours every days of light application time;
(4) culture of rootage and the hardening of uncapping: choose in relatively healthy and strong subculture seedling insertion root media and carry out culture of rootage.Bottle seedling of taking root is first cultivated about 7~10 days in the dark, bottle seedling of waiting to take root goes out root and reaches more than 80% and go to warm canopy and carry out the natural daylight cultivation, after cultivating 16-18 days, open bottle cap, add water layer that 1cm is thick uncapped hardening about 3 days after, the healthy and strong basic reform of nature environment of bottle seedling of now taking root, transplanting survival rate reaches more than 98%.
2, making and the processing of light matrix container: during the tissue-culturing rapid propagation of the excellent strain of breeding eucalyptus, carry out making and the processing of light host material the same period, light base starting material is mixed in the ratio of 3:1 in coconut palm chaff and peat soil, enter to add 0.5% urea and carry out pile fermentation 9 days, batch mixing humidity 60% left and right.After fermenting, add light matrix-forming mechanism to make the light matrix container of nonwoven batch mixing, containers size is long 6cm, and diameter 4.5cm is barrel-shaped.Before using light matrix container to grow seedlings, first with 800 times of solution of fenaminosulf, 400 times of solution of 800 times+carbendazim of fenaminosulf or 0.1~0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, container is carried out disinfection.
3, the group training transplanting of bottle seedling of taking root: clamp the nursery stock tip of a root with tweezers during transplanting, vertically insert 0.5cm left and right in light matrix cup, by the light back pressure of have gentle hands light matrix once, seedling root is not leaked outside and keep vertical.After transplanting, fully drench sufficient normal root water.
4, the management after nursery stock transplanting:
(1) shade and be incubated: when the fine day temperature is too high, after nursery stock transplanting is complete, will spread out sunshade net, avoid direct sunlight, cause plant percent to reduce.After 5~7 days, can raise sunshade net, make it slowly to adapt to outdoor environment.The March of annual November to next year, to build film after nursery stock transplanting at once, make temperature remain on the condition that is applicable to seedling growth;
(2) water: water immediately permeablely after nursery stock transplanting, transplant in 15 days, every day, the spray water spray was 2 minutes, and seedling root is fully contacted with seedling medium.When summer, temperature was high, drench water every day twice, timing node 10 and 3 points in afternoon in the morning; Winter in good time trickle, humidity remains on 85~90%;
(3) fertilising: after nursery stock transplanting 10~15 days, execute liquid manure once after Survival rate of nursery stock, fertilizer be take composite fertilizer as main, and fertilising concentration, between 0.3%~1%, will be rinsed the seedling blade face with clear water after fertilising in time, avoids causing and burns.After nursery stock grows to 10 centimeters, can need to reduce according to growing seedlings and drench fertile number of times or stop drenching fertile;
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest: select small-sized atomization Insecticide sprayer (preferred model 3WZB-26, flow 1.7L/min, pressure 2.5mpa, rotating speed 1000r/min, power 1.5KW) to substitute the methods such as artificial spraying's agricultural chemicals, leaf, the stem of nursery stock are dripping wet.Transplant and within latter 7 days, start to spray medicine, later every spray in 5~7 days 1 time, adopt the bactericide of the broad-spectrum high efficacies such as thiophanate methyl, carbendazim, tpn, fenaminosulf with diseases prevention (various bactericide rotations are used), the working concentration of bactericide is generally 0.1%~0.13% of this bactericide active ingredient; Within every 10~15 days, spray the insecticides such as once oxidation Rogor, decis with insect protected (various insecticide rotations are used);
(5) seedling sorting and hardening: nursery stock grows 2-3 has 4~5cm higher position gradable to true leaf, carry out seedling sorting by large, medium and small Three Estate in the dusk of cloudy day, fine day, by grade, move in the holder of classification hardening, carry out hardening and air and cut root, long to control seedling root, suitably control the trickle number of times, make container matrix moisture content in 50% left and right, promote the nursery stock fibrous root to increase.To strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest to small and weak seedling;
(6) outplanting: the light matrix group of eucalyptus training seedling grows to that leading thread 0.18cm, height of seedling 15cm are above, well developed root system, the abundant lignification of nursery stock, and the nursery stock not damaged, without damage by disease and insect, reach the garden standard.
Facts have proved: the breeding method of the light matrix container group training of eucalyptus of the present invention seedling, by reasonable control, bottle seedling qualification rate of taking root reaches more than 98%, bottle seedling output and quality significantly improve, bottle transplantation of seedlings survival rate reaches more than 95%, the seedling incidence of disease is lower than 2%, and growing-seedling period relatively foreshortens to 45-60 days and just can go out garden; The light matrix container of making not only permeable, permeability good, lightweight, is 1/5 of traditional yellow soil plastic containers, greatly reduced labour intensity after use, nonwoven cloth material is without the white pollution phenomenon; The survival rate of seedling of light matrix container group training seedling is high, well developed root system, and the nursery stock stalwartness, after afforestation, the short growth recovery of seedling-slowing stage is fast, and survival rate is high; Reduced the cost of growing seedlings and afforesting.
Specific embodiment
To gather the eucalyptus semi-lignified branch of robust growth, gathered the same day same day with detergent liquid clean, 70% alcohol-pickled, 0.1% mercuric chloride solution sterilization, and by sterile water wash 3 times; Then with through the inoculation of sterilization inoculating appliance, cut in required explant cultivation position immigration inducing culture and induce and obtain aseptic bud.Will induce aseptic bud cutting again under aseptic condition of acquisition, put into subculture medium and expanded numerously, make it to form the clump bud, and periodic replication, the temperature in culturing room is controlled at 27 ℃, every day, light application time was 15 hours; The subculture budling of clip stalwartness inserts in root media induces budling to take root.The seedling of taking root of having inoculated is first cultivated about 7 days at the low light level, go out after the root rate reaches more than 80% to go to warm canopy natural daylight cultivation after 16-18 days until otch, open bottle cap, add the water layer that 1cm is thick to be uncapped hardening about 3 days, can transplant after the healthy and strong basic reform of nature environment of bottle seedling that makes to take root.
During the tissue-culturing rapid propagation of the excellent strain of breeding eucalyptus, the light matrix container of making the same period through sterilization, then enter bottle transplantation of seedlings of taking root of maturation in light matrix container, the light matrix of back pressure gently, and drench sufficient normal root water.At the seedling of taking root that transplant the March of November to next year, build film thermal insulating at once; Transplant in 15 days, the trickle of in good time spraying every day, humidity remains on 85~90%; After transplanting latter 7 days, with the small-sized atomization Insecticide sprayer of model 3WZB-26 spraying pesticide, the leaf of nursery stock, stem are entirely wet, later every spray in 5~7 days 1 time, adopt the bactericide of the broad-spectrum high efficacies such as thiophanate methyl, carbendazim, tpn, fenaminosulf with diseases prevention (various bactericide rotations are used), the working concentration of bactericide is generally 0.1%~0.13% of this bactericide active ingredient; Within every 10~15 days, spray the insecticides such as once oxidation Rogor, decis with insect protected (various insecticide rotations are used).After nursery stock transplanting 15 days, execute 0.3%~1% composite fertilizer once after Survival rate of nursery stock, then rinse the seedling blade face with clear water.When nursery stock grows 2-3 and has 7-8cm high to true leaf, carry out classification, generally in the dusk of fine day, carry out, by large, medium and small Three Estate, seedling is put into to the holder of classification hardening during classification.When seedling age reaches 2-3 month, leading thread 0.18cm, more than height of seedling 15cm, well developed root system, the abundant lignification of nursery stock, can't harm while injuring damage by disease and insect, reaches the garden standard.
The present invention is from 2009 since the large-scale application of Lin Kesuo nursery, forest farm, state-owned east gate, Guangxi, and the seedlings outplanting rate reaches more than 90%, and the more traditional yellow soil of seedling cost is grown seedlings and cuttage and seedling culture reduces by 20% left and right; The light matrix container group training of eucalyptus seedling survival rate improves 15%, and under identical management condition and land occupation condition, year accumulation improves 12%, and cost of forestation reduces by 20%.
Claims (3)
1. the breeding method of the light matrix container group training of an eucalyptus seedling, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) tissue-culturing rapid propagation of the excellent strain of breeding eucalyptus:
1. the collection of explant and sterilization: the eucalyptus semi-lignified branch that gathers robust growth at fine day, the trade sky collection of going forward side by side was sterilized the same day: first with the water that contains a little washing powder (or liquid detergent), clean 1~2 time and rinse well with clear water, alcohol-pickled with 70%~75% and shake the several seconds again, wait to add 0.1% mercuric chloride solution and shake sterilization 5 minutes, rear use sterile water wash 3~5 times; 2. inoculation: first by inoculating appliance process sterilization, cut required explant cultivation position and move in fresh inducing culture; Should secretly cultivate 7~10 days after the explant inoculation, then proceed to light and cultivate; 3. propagation is cultivated: will induce sterilizable material cutting again under aseptic condition of acquisition, and put into subculture medium and carry out subculture cultivation accelerates multiplication, make it to form the clump bud, and periodic replication; Temperature in culturing room is controlled at 25 ± 2 ℃, and intensity of illumination is 1000~5000Lx, 10~16 hours every days of light application time; 4. culture of rootage and the hardening of uncapping: choose relatively healthy and strong subculture seedling and insert in root media and carry out culture of rootage; Bottle seedling of taking root is first cultivated about 7~10 days in the dark, and bottle seedling of waiting to take root goes out root and reaches more than 80% and go to warm canopy and carry out the natural daylight cultivation, after cultivating 16-18 days, opens bottle cap, adds uncapped hardening 3 days of water layer that 1cm is thick;
(2) making and the processing of light matrix container: during the tissue-culturing rapid propagation of the excellent strain of breeding eucalyptus, carry out making and the processing of light host material the same period, light base starting material is mixed in the ratio of 3:1 in coconut palm chaff and peat soil, enter to add 0.5% urea and carry out pile fermentation 9 days, batch mixing humidity 60% left and right; After fermenting, add light matrix-forming mechanism to make the light matrix container of nonwoven batch mixing, containers size is long 6cm, and diameter 4.5cm is barrel-shaped; Before using light matrix container to grow seedlings, first with 800 times of solution of fenaminosulf, 400 times of solution of 800 times+carbendazim of fenaminosulf or 0.1~0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, container is carried out disinfection;
(3) the group training transplanting of bottle seedling of taking root: clamp the nursery stock tip of a root with tweezers during transplanting, vertically insert 0.5cm left and right in light matrix cup, by the light back pressure of have gentle hands light matrix once, seedling root is not leaked outside and keep vertical; After transplanting, fully drench sufficient normal root water;
(4) management after nursery stock transplanting: 1. shade and be incubated: when the fine day temperature is too high, after nursery stock transplanting is complete, will spread out sunshade net, avoid direct sunlight; After 5~7 days, can raise sunshade net, make it slowly to adapt to outdoor environment; The March of annual November to next year, to build film after nursery stock transplanting at once, make temperature remain on the condition that is applicable to seedling growth; 2. water: water immediately permeablely after nursery stock transplanting, transplant in 15 days, every day, the spray water spray was 2 minutes, and seedling root is fully contacted with seedling medium; When summer, temperature was high, drench water every day twice, timing node 10 and 3 points in afternoon in the morning; Winter in good time trickle, humidity remains on 85~90%; 3. fertilising: after nursery stock transplanting 10~15 days, execute liquid manure once after Survival rate of nursery stock, fertilizer be take composite fertilizer as main, and fertilising concentration, between 0.3%~1%, will be rinsed the seedling blade face with clear water after fertilising in time, avoids causing and burns; After nursery stock grows to 10 centimeters, can need to reduce according to growing seedlings and drench fertile number of times or stop drenching fertile; 4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: select small-sized atomization Insecticide sprayer (preferably model 3WZB-26, flow 1.7L/min, pressure 2.5mpa, rotating speed 1000r/min, power 1.5KW) to substitute the methods such as artificial spraying's agricultural chemicals, leaf, the stem of nursery stock are dripping wet; Transplant and within latter 7 days, start to spray medicine, later every spray in 5~7 days 1 time, adopt the bactericide of the broad-spectrum high efficacies such as thiophanate methyl, carbendazim, tpn, fenaminosulf with diseases prevention (various bactericide rotations are used), the working concentration of bactericide is generally 0.1%~0.13% of this bactericide active ingredient; Within every 10~15 days, spray the insecticides such as once oxidation Rogor, decis with insect protected (various insecticide rotations are used); 5. seedling sorting and hardening: nursery stock grows 2-3 has 4~5cm higher position gradable to true leaf, carry out seedling sorting by large, medium and small Three Estate in the dusk of cloudy day, fine day, by grade, move in the holder of classification hardening, carry out hardening and air and cut root, suitably control the trickle number of times, make container matrix moisture content in 50% left and right; 6. outplanting: the light matrix group training of eucalyptus seedling grows to that leading thread 0.18cm, height of seedling 15cm are above, well developed root system, the abundant lignification of nursery stock, and the nursery stock not damaged, without damage by disease and insect, reach the garden standard.
2. the light matrix container group of a kind of eucalyptus according to claim 1 is trained the breeding method of seedling, it is characterized in that: the making of light matrix container and processing priority scheme: light base starting material is mixed in the ratio of 3:1 in coconut palm chaff and peat soil, enter to add 0.5% urea and carry out pile fermentation 9 days, batch mixing humidity 60% left and right; After fermenting, add light matrix-forming mechanism to make the light matrix container of nonwoven batch mixing, containers size is long 6cm, and diameter 4.5cm is barrel-shaped; Before using light matrix container to grow seedlings, first with 800 times of solution of fenaminosulf, 400 times of solution of 800 times+carbendazim of fenaminosulf or 0.1~0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, container is carried out disinfection.
3. the light matrix container group of a kind of eucalyptus according to claim 1 is trained the breeding method of seedling, it is characterized in that: extermination of disease and insect pest priority scheme is selected small-sized atomization Insecticide sprayer (preferred model 3WZB-26, flow 1.7L/min, pressure 2.5mpa, rotating speed 1000r/min, power 1.5KW) alternative artificial spraying's agricultural chemicals method; Transplant and within latter 7 days, start to spray medicine, later every spray in 5~7 days 1 time, adopt the bactericide of the broad-spectrum high efficacies such as thiophanate methyl, carbendazim, tpn, fenaminosulf with diseases prevention (various bactericide rotations are used), the working concentration of bactericide is generally 0.1%~0.13% of this bactericide active ingredient; Within every 10~15 days, spray the insecticides such as once oxidation Rogor, decis with insect protected (various insecticide rotations are used).
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CN103999751A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-08-27 | 钦州市林业科学研究所 | Light matrix for eucalyptus mesh bag seedling culture container |
CN109380037A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-02-26 | 蒋凡 | A kind of restoration methods of eucalyptus Light media tissue-cultured seedling iron deficiency disease disease |
CN109757285A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-17 | 庆元县实验林场 | The breeding method of quick growing species of trees container seedling and application |
CN110583407A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-20 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Radish seed-replacing and reserving method |
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Cited By (5)
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CN109757285A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-17 | 庆元县实验林场 | The breeding method of quick growing species of trees container seedling and application |
CN110583407A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-20 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Radish seed-replacing and reserving method |
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