CN103459111B - 用于flair应用的改进预成型件 - Google Patents
用于flair应用的改进预成型件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103459111B CN103459111B CN201180066189.9A CN201180066189A CN103459111B CN 103459111 B CN103459111 B CN 103459111B CN 201180066189 A CN201180066189 A CN 201180066189A CN 103459111 B CN103459111 B CN 103459111B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- preformed member
- layer
- internal layer
- outer layer
- preformed
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Landscapes
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Abstract
本发明提供了用于Flair和Flair型应用的改进预成型件。在本发明示例性实施例中,如果采用没有连结在一起的两种不同材料来制造预成型件,则可以采用相同的模具通过双注射工艺制造这种预成型件。在这种示例性实施例中,首先形成外预成型件的形状,然后通过设在外预成型件的底部处的中心孔来模制内预成型件。然后,将两个预成型件相互连接。两种材料可以是不同的,例如PET与聚烯烃或聚酰胺,或者例如它们甚至可以是相同的,例如PET/PET,只要在第二预成型件层的模制期间采取措施来防止它们连结。在这种过程中,可以在将位于这些预成型件之间的表面上喷射非粘性涂层,在那里第二预成型件将接触第一预成型件,并且在施加之后,可以也在2C过程中模制第二容器。在各个示例性实施例中,制造顺序可以是先外后内,或者先内后外。如果先外后内,则在首先模制出的外预成型件的内侧上喷射非粘性涂层,之后模制内预成型件。如果相反,则在首先模制出的内预成型件的外侧上喷射非粘性涂层,之后模制外预成型件。可以针对给定的应用、用途或使用范围来设计用来制作所述内容器的材料、其相对于所述外容器所经受的收缩程度及其能承受的伴随的热填充最大温度。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2010年12月17日提交的标题为“IMPROVED PRE-FORMS FOR FLAIRAPPLICATIONS”的美国临时专利申请No.61/459712的权益。
技术领域
本发明涉及吹塑成型和分配技术,尤其涉及用于Flair液体输送***和Flair类型液体输送***的新型预成型件。
背景技术
由本受让人——荷兰海尔蒙德的Dispensing Technologies,B.V.——开发并投入市场的Flair技术利用“袋中袋”或者内容器和外容器***来分配产品,例如液体。这两个容器源自预成型件,并且然后被吹制成最终尺寸。有时候,这个双容器或双预成型件***被称为“双层”容器或预成型件,这根据情况而定。因此,存在有内预成型件和外预成型件,它们一旦被吹制成最终尺寸则变为内容器和外容器。内外预成型件例如可以由相同的材料制成,例如聚烯烃,又或者例如它们可以由不同的材料制成,例如PET和聚烯烃(例如聚丙烯(“PP”))。
Flair技术使用例如空气的驱替介质在内外容器之间保持一定的压力。这使得内容器随着其中的液体被分配而收缩,并因此无需让液体总是与外部空气或环境接触。两个Flair容器在其顶部和底部处结合,并且存在有让驱替介质进入或泵送到这两个容器之间的通道。这些元件的制造和设置需要在制造预成型件期间解决。
在内外预成型件具有相同材料,或者具有不同材料但其模制温度基本相同时,需要特别小心,从而不会使两个预成型件沿着其交界面熔融并变得相互连结。
另外,在一些情况下,两个预成型件可以按照新颖且更有效的方式模制。
本文给出了各种改进的模制预成型件方法以及用于不同背景的新颖设计和变型。
发明内容
这里给出了用于Flair和Flair型应用的改进预成型件。在本发明的示例性实施例中,如果采用不会连结在一起的两种不同材料来制作预成型件,则可以采用相同的模具通过双注射工艺来制作这种预成型件。在这些示例性实施例中,首先可以做出外预成型件的形状,接着可以通过设在外预成型件底部处的中央孔来模制内预成型件。然后,将这两个预成型件相互连接。两种材料可以是不同的,例如PET和聚烯烃,或者例如它们甚至可以是同一材料,例如PET/PET,只要采取了措施来防止它们在模制第二预成型件层期间连结。在这种工艺中,可以在将形成于预成型件之间的表面上喷射非粘性涂层,其中第二预成型件将接触第一个预成型件,并且在该施加操作后,也在2C工艺中模制出第二容器。在各个示例性实施例中,制造顺序可以是先外后内,或者向内后外。如果先外后内,则可以将非粘性涂层喷射在首先模制的外预成型件的内侧上,然后再模制内预成型件。如果相反,则在首先模制的内预成型件的外侧上喷射非粘性涂层,然后再模制外预成型件。在本发明的示例性实施例中,可以针对给定的应用、用途或使用范围来设计制造内容器的材料、内容器相对外容器所要经受的收缩程度及其可以承受的伴随的最大热填充温度。
附图说明
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图1显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的用于具有空气阀的设备的示例性双层瓶和预成型件,其中,在容器中没有设置空气阀;
图2显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的示例性双层瓶,其中,在瓶和空气管道之间有紧固连接;
图3显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的示例性双层瓶的透视图和纵向剖视图,其中,双层瓶设有空气压力释放机构;
图3A显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的示例性预成型件,其中,该预成型件没有空气阀,并采用过模制工艺形成;
图3B显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的从预成型件吹制出瓶的工艺;
图3C显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的没有空气阀的示例性瓶的各个细节;
图3D为沿着如图3D所示的C-C线、D-D线和E-E线的剖面的放大细部;
图3E显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的将从预成型件形成的瓶中的层分离的过程;
图3F显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的与空气供应装置的匹配部分接触的内层的推压销(push pin);
图3G和3H显示出借助从空气供应装置通过正由推压销形成的孔引入正压力来开始进行层分离;
图3I显示出在层已分离之后,空气供应装置可以切换至负压以使内层遵循外层的形状和轮廓;
图3L显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的层分离过程的最终结果;
图4显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的PET/PET卷边颈部类型预成型件的示例性内外预成型件,其中将这些预成型件在顶部处旋焊以将它们连接;
图4A和图4B显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的用于标准Flair***的PET/PET预成型件的外侧层和内侧层;
图4C显示出对于图4A和图4B的PET/PET预成型件而言,内层是如何被组装到外层中的;
图4D显示出根据本发明示例性实施的内侧层借助其中央销的超声波变形连接至外侧层;
图4E和图4F显示出与图4的PET/PET预成型件一起使用的单向阀;
图4G显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的图4E和图4F的单向阀连接到图4A和图4B的PET/PET预成型件上;
图5显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的与具有内置空气阀的设备连接的示例性双层预成型件的组装步骤;
图5A显示出带有和没有示例性动力连接件的示例性预成型件的放大细节;
图6和图7显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的在制造PET/PP预成型件过程中的两个阶段;
图6A显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的用于标准Flair应用的PET/PP预成型件的2C模制的第一步骤,其中,钩子被用来避免转动;
图7A显示出在PET/PEP小型标准卡口型预成型件的2C模制过程中的第二步骤;
图7B显示出用于在图6A和图7A的预成型件的内层和外层之间实现紧密密封连接的方法和几何形状;
图8-图10显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的在PET/PET预成型件的制造过程中的两个阶段,其中首先模制出外层。
图8A显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的标准Flair2C PET/FEP预成型件的外侧层的模制过程中的第一步骤,其中,钩子被用来避免转动。
图9和图9A显示出在层之间沉积非粘性涂层。
图10A显示出模制标准Flair卡口型2C PET/PEP预成型件的内层的第二步骤。
图11-图14显示出根据本发明备选示例性实施例的PET/PET预成型件的制造过程中的两个阶段,其中首先模制出内层,并在层之间沉积非粘性涂层。
图15和图16显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的可用于“OpUs”型喷射器的带有卡口型颈部成品件的示例性预成型件。
图17显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的带有弯曲颈部成品件的示例性PET/PP预成型件。
图18显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的具有空气阀和液面探测管(dip tube)的带有弯曲颈部的示例性预成型件。
图19显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的示例性预成型件是如何能够将吹制成具有为扁型底部设置的示例性尺寸的各种瓶型。
图20-图22显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的用于2C模制“活塞式Flair”型PET/PET预成型件的示例性工艺;
图23-图25显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的用于2C模制“活塞式Flair”卡口型PET/PET预成型件的备选示例性工艺;
图26A-图26B显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的具有单向阀的预成型件;
图26C和图26D分别显示出在图26A的预成型件中的负压情况和过压力情况;
图26E显示出从图26A的预成型件制成的瓶的非再填充功能性。
图26F至图26H显示出将单向阀附接至图26A的预成型件底部的细节,其中在预成型件中使用层释放按钮;并且
图27A和图27B显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的三突耳卡口卡接型颈部成品件。
图27C为显示出在图27A和图27B的颈部中的各种结构的俯视图;
图27D和图27E显示出具有四突耳卡口卡接型颈部成品件的本发明备选示例性实施例及其细节;
图27F是显示出图27D的四突耳卡口卡接型颈部成品件的各种结构的关系的俯视图;
图27G显示出用于在图27D的四突耳卡口卡接型颈部成品件的示例性突耳上的卡接型钩子的引入件的细节;
图27H和图27I显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的示例性四突耳卡口卡接型帽;
图27J显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的将图27H和图27I的四突耳卡口型帽附接到设有四突耳卡口型颈部成品件的Flair型瓶上的原理;
图27K、图27L和图27M是为了便于图示而放大的图27J中的各个图像的放大视图;
图27N显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的四突耳卡口型帽原理;
图27O显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的“端部肋”(在所有四个突耳上)和“防后退肋”(在两个突耳上)的特征;
图27P显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的四突耳卡口型帽原理,其中详细显示出帽的钩子与颈部的突耳互锁;
图27Q、图27R和图27S显示出卡接功能的进一步细节;
图27T显示出已完成可拆卸式卡接的示例性帽和瓶颈部,图27U显示出已完成不可拆卸式卡接的示例性帽和瓶颈部;
图28A显示出示例性预成型件,该预成型件在加热炉内旋转,从而它可以准备好被吹制成瓶。
图28B显示出用于根据本发明示例性实施例的示例性预成型件的被完全吹制出的瓶和底角部的细节。
图28C显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的分别用作预成型件外层和内层的两种示例性材料的增塑曲线的比较。
图28D显示出在改变材料“B”(内层)以使增塑曲线对准之后的与图28C的比较。
具体实施方式
容器应用中,用于各种容器的预成型件具有内层和外层。传统地,这些层被分开模制,然后通常在单独的过程中借助某些手段带到一起并附接,并通常借助将预成型件吹制至全尺寸的机构预先形成。这样不会有效率。这还意味着,预成型件的制造不会产生最终产品,还需要进一步的加工步骤来将这些预成型件实际结合在一起以便能够使用。要指出的是,对于Flair和类似的“袋中袋”分配技术而言,必须将内容器密封至外容器,使得不会有任何液体从内容器中泄漏出,从而所述液体不会接触环境空气和任何周围事物。
在本发明的示例性实施例中,如果采用不会连结在一起的两种不同材料(诸如例如PET/PP之类)来制造预成型件,则该预成型件可以采用相同的模具通过双注射模制工艺(也被称为如本文所用的“双部件”或“2C”工艺)来制造。在这些示例性实施例中,首先可以形成外预成型件,然后可以通过设在外预成型件的底部处或该底部中的中央孔来模制出内预成型件。然后,借助双注射模制,这两个预成型件在底部和顶部处相互连接。这种双注射模制工艺更有效。另外,如果期望由相同材料(例如PET/PET)构成的带有两个层的预成型件,则也可以在采取适当步骤来防止内容器连结至外容器(例如如上所述地在注射操作之间施加非粘性涂层)的情况下采用2C工艺制造出预成型件。
备选的是,可以分离地模制出两个预成型件,然后将这两个预成型件通过各种可能的连接工艺(包括焊接、卷边等)连接。在所有这些工艺中得到最终的预成型件,准备用于在没有额外加工步骤的情况下进行吹制。下面参照附图对各个这类改进工艺和特征进行说明。
图1显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的示例性双层瓶(左边图像)和预成型件(右边图像)。瓶和预成型件不包含被一体形成的空气阀,因为它可以设在要与瓶连接的设备(在该图中被称为“器件”)中。瓶可以在顶部和底部处被夹持,并因此被完全密封在分配装置内。
图2描绘了具有花瓣状底部(例如用在2L苏打瓶等中)的示例性双层瓶,该图显示出在瓶与连接至瓶底部的空气管之间的连接必须加以紧固。左边图像显示出如何在瓶的底部处将内容器焊接至外容器。因为在瓶的双层之间保持有压力,所以一旦设备在顶部打开(就此没有含有液体的阀),则在没有释放出压力的情况下,在内瓶内部的液体会溅出。因此,需要在移除瓶(例如更换它)时将所述压力释放的机构。如所指出的一样,这些瓶不具有空气连接件,因此不能简单地通过反向泵送或打开泵阀以与大气连通来释放出空气压力。在瓶的顶部处没有任何的关闭阀并且阀置于设备中的情况下,需要在从设备取出瓶之前将在瓶的两个层之间的空气释放出,以避免液体溅出。
图3提供了针对这个问题的解决方案。图3描绘了根据本发明示例性实施例的设有空气压力释放机构的示例性双层预成型件的透视图和纵向剖视图。该机构为预成型件的外层的一部分,并且被附接至该外层上。如图3所示,外预成型件在其底部中具有“U”形狭缝、以及中央孔。在模制内层时,该内层如从图3的中间图像中所见地通过所述孔突出,并且还如所示一样填充在孔下方的凹陷部。在从设备中移除瓶(如图2所示)之前,使用者只要简单地按压被构建到外预成型件中的“推压件”或空气释放机构(在图3中用灰色显示出)。假设“U”形狭缝内的外容器部分在中央凸出部处附接至内容器,通过在“U”形的最高点处推进“推压件”,这释放出内预成型件与外预成型件之间的空气压力,从而防止出现任何气阱。如在图3最右侧图像中所示地,空气因其高于瓶的容器之间的大气压力而仅从进气口流出。
该空气压力释放机构具有其他功能。可以在将预成型件吹制成瓶之后按压该空气压力释放机构,以便在吹制之后将内容器从外容器脱离。在模制时,在每个空腔的门周围的温度因以下事实而变得更热,即,当材料进入到空腔中时,温度将上升接近另一种材料的熔融温度,然后,内层的挠性部分将粘结在外层上。通过在吹制出瓶时按压按钮,内袋将从外袋脱离,使得空气或其他驱替介质能够填充容器之间的间隙,从而便于袋中袋或“Flair”技术操作。图3A显示出在也没有空气阀的情况下的图3所示预成型件的细节。参照图3A,在(a)处为仰视透视图,在(b)处为仰视图,该仰视图显示出用于提供该图右侧的剖面的两条线。在(c)处,如在通过A-A线形成的剖面中可见,看到图3推压件的变型——即推压销凸出部——仅出现在中央轴线的一侧上。该推压销将力集中在一点,因此使之更容易引起层的分离。它也更小,并且因此更容易模制,因为它是内容器的一部分。另一圆形结构(在两个通气孔之间示出)不起作用,仅是在模制过程中所使用的浇注轮廓。在(b)中另外看到两个通气孔,其中之一在通过B-B线形成的剖面中可见,位于图3A(d)中的中央连接件的右侧。
图3B显示出图3的预成型件被吹制以产生全尺寸瓶,其中颈部和底部中央保持其预成型件尺寸,并且预成型件的其余部分吹制成全尺寸。图3C显示出现被吹制成瓶的图3A的同一预成型件。该瓶没有空气阀,空气阀置于设备中,如下面所描述地一样。图3C(a)和(e)提供用于形成图3C(b)、(c)和(d)所示并在图3D中被分别放大的剖面的数条线。
图3D显示出通过图3C的C-C线、D-D线和E-E线形成的剖面的底部的详细放大图。参照该图,在图3D(b)(以及在图3C和(c)中),显示出在吹制模具中的凹坑。外侧层遵循这个形状,并且内侧在收缩之后变得松弛。通过在内层收缩时形成空气间隙,该特征改善了层的分离,并且避免在空气必须快速释放时将内层“阻挡”(密封)在外层上。图3D(c)显示出两个进气口或者通气孔中的一个,其如上所述地用于在内层和外层之间引入空气。
接下来描述的图3E-3L显示出在从预成型件阶段完全吹制出瓶时将内层与外层分离的过程。图3E显示出被完全吹制出的瓶以及瓶底部的详细放大图,该放大图示出了如图3A剖面A-A所示的具有推压销形状的层分离装置。图3F显示出内侧层的推压销,该推压销在空气供应装置(“设备”的一部分)被附接至瓶底部时被向上推压到瓶中。
图3G显示出在空气供应装置施加正压力到两个层之间的间隙中时,这些层如何分离。该压力多少流经通过上推推压销而形成的空间,并当然地流经通气孔。图3H显示出该过程的后续,如图所示,浅绿色的内层上升到外层(灰色)上方。因此,在它们之间已产生出间隙。一般来说,一旦瓶已经冷却至50-60摄氏度,那么可以紧接在吹制之后进行层分离。如果等待不是问题,那么可以在瓶完全冷却时完成该过程。图3I显示出空气供应装置现切换至负压(部分真空),并将其用过的空气吸回以使得这些层分离。必须让内容器呈现其被完全吹制的形状,因此被完全填充其被设计用来承载的全部容量的液体。另外,从市场方面看,如果内瓶没有具有其完全形状,则它在没有经验的人看来会像已用过和再填充过,这是不期望的。图3J显示出图3I所示过程的后续,其中内侧层现已经呈现出外侧层内部的形状,并且没有空气间隙,但这些层仍保持可以分离以根据Flair功能性操作。图3K显示出该过程的最后,其中曾经被引入以使层分离的空气都被移除。图3L显示出该过程的最终结果,其中推压销现再次钩入到外层内的孔中,并且关闭间隙。但是,在如图3F-图3K所示的层分离过程的情况下,层的分离在使用期间得以确保(Flair瓶要求间隙填充有驱替介质),并且因此避免了在空气必须迅速释放时内层阻挡或密封在外层上。
图4描绘出示例性预成型件,其中内外预成型件都由PET制成,并且这些预成型件被单独模制再组装在一起。顶部连接例如为在灰尘等受到控制的无尘室型机构中通过旋焊制成的气密密封。这些示例性预成型件具有卷边(crimped)的颈部,并且例如可以用在家庭生啤酒***中。另外,如图4所示,除了内外预成型件通过旋焊在顶部处连接之外,它们还在底部处通过来自内容器的凸出部(其之后被压平)连接。可以采用2C模制或者例如通过超声波焊接来完成下连接。另外,可以将阀门固定在两个预成型件下面,如在图4中在预成型件的底部处所示并且更详细地在图5的最右边图像中所示一样。阀门可以例如通过旋焊或其它固定技术来固定。
图4A-图4D提供了在图4中所示的标准Flair型PET/PET预成型件的其它细节(所使用的术语“标准Flair”对比于“活塞式Flair”,其中内容器的上部固定至外容器的上部,从而在分配其内容物时,内容器沿着自身折叠,类似于活塞)。参照图4A(a),该图显示出预成型件的外容器的透视图,而图4A(b)的侧视图显示出A-A线,通过该A-A线形成的剖面在图4A(c)中示出。类似地,图4B显示出内层。在底部处可以看到插塞,内容器将借助该插塞如图4、侧视图以及通过B-B线的剖面所示地固定至外容器。类似地,图4C显示出如何将内容器组装到外层中。例如,该过程可以如此完成,即,首先将内容器***到外容器中,然后向下推压并旋焊,以便在预成型件的顶部处(内外层在此连接)形成熔融区域。这在图4C(c)和(d)显示出。内层与外层的连接必须为气密连接。备选的是,这两层可以通过超声波焊接、热压等方法连接,主要要求是气密连接。
图4D显示出如何让凸出穿过外层底部的内层中央销变形以连接内外层。这通过中央销的变形或者例如通过旋焊、超声波焊接、热压等方法变形来完成。底部处的连接无需气密。实际上,在空气供应装置与底部连接时,在各个示例性实施例中,一些空气将经过此销连接处。
底部处的单向阀
图4E、图4F和图4G显示出如下面所述一样与示例性预成型件一起使用的单向阀。如图4E所示,第一步可以是PET的注塑成型以便与预成型件的外层旋焊连接,并且第二步例如可以为没有与PET化学连接的软TPE(但是机械固定在TPE的底部上,如图4F所示一样)。出于两个原因会采用软材料:(1)阀门的良好密封;和(2)形成与空气供应装置(其例如与TPE部分的下侧连接)的良好密封。如图4G所示,可以采用旋焊、超声波焊接、胶粘等方法将单向阀连接至示例性预成型件上。
图5显示出自身没有空气阀的示例性双层预成型件与空气阀的连接。空气阀例如可以由带内置空气阀(在底部以紫色示出)的设备提供,或者它可以如上所述地通过旋转(旋)焊附接至预成型件的底部上。备选的是,它可以利用其它可用的连接方法例如超声波焊接、胶粘等附接。如果空气阀外壳和空气阀为瓶(在这里显示为预成型件)可以***到其中的设备的一部分,则如图1所示,这种设备可以提供将瓶密封的夹持***。图5A显示出图5的预成型件的细节,该预成型件带有或没有动力连接件或者动力单元,其具有泵和空气阀。
标准Flair PET/PP预成型件
图6-7显示出示例性PET/PP预成型件的制造过程中的两个阶段,该预成型件在其顶部处具有卡口型连接部,并用于与标准Flair装置一起使用。
这里首先模制出外部的PET预成型件,然后在第二步中,可以模制出由聚烯烃例如聚丙烯制成的内预成型件。这可以在双注塑成型过程中完成,其中(图7)将预成型件(蓝色)注入到在外预成型件(灰色)中的孔中。通过将内预成型件的小凸出部留在外预成型件的外侧上,它们发生附接。图6A显示出如何使用钩子来避免内层在吹制瓶以及在放置或通过转动移除装置时发生转动。
因此,在图7的中间图像中,可见在底部中央处的蓝色内预成型件的圆盘状凸出部。该圆盘状凸出部在底部处将内预成型件固定至外预成型件。如上所述,该示例性外预成型件具有构建到其底部中的“推压件”或压力释放机构。一旦将预成型件吹制成瓶,则该机构工作。
结合图7,还要指出的是,这里采用例如聚丙烯内层来形成瓶的颈部。因此,它可以包覆模制在外预成型件的颈部上,并且由于PP内容器在吹制之后在冷却时收缩得更多,内容器以“收缩-卷绕”的效果围绕外容器完全密封在外容器上。图7A显示出内侧聚丙烯层的细节。图7B重点显示出其新颖的几何形状以获得在这两层之间的紧密密封连接。为了获得在内外层之间的气密连接,内层必须包覆模制于外预成型件上。由于收缩的原因,在注塑成型之后,内层没有与外层气密密封。但是,在内层如图7B中所示地处于外层之上时,其在吹制之后在两层之间形成气密密封。如所示一样,对于最好的结果而言,内层不仅如图7所示地覆盖着外层的凸出环,而且备选地稍微向下凸出,形成在外层的上终端下方覆盖外层一定距离的环。这种连接的备选可能性可以包括超声波连接、胶粘连接等。
内外层之间在收缩方面的这个差异同样允许用于Flair瓶的PET/PP或者内/外容器材料的类似混合物的另一个特征。例如,如果PET瓶与内部的PP或聚酰胺袋一起使用,则在预成型件已吹制成内外容器并允许冷却之后,两个容器都将收缩。但是,如所指出的一样,内袋将收缩更多。因此,在外部PET瓶和例如PP袋或内容器之间形成空间。通常,期望将给定的液体“热填充”到其瓶中,而不必让液体冷却。例如果汁或酱汁、调味品等的热填充涉及用温度大约为80℃至120℃的液体填充容器。这些高温使得能够同时对这些容器的内部加以填充并消毒。而且,液体一旦以热状态产出就可以被瓶装并运输,无需冷却区域或者存放所有瓶直到液体冷却再被填充等等。由于PET在大于约60℃的温度下将变形,所以不可能将产品热填充在PET瓶中。但是,用于内层的其它材料(例如聚丙烯)和其它聚烯烃(例如各种聚酰胺)没有这个问题。它们的变形温度例如通常大于90℃。因此,可以将这种产品例如热填充在如图6-图7所示或者如图17所示的预成型件制成的内部聚丙烯袋中。在这种Flair型容器中的PET外瓶和PP内袋之间的空气用作隔热件,并且例如可以用温度高达大于90℃的热果汁、酱汁、调味品填充PP内袋,而不会对例如由PET制成的外容器造成任何损坏。在本发明的示例性实施例中,准确的最大热填充温度将取决于这两层之间的收缩差异以及由这两层之间的空气或其它驱替介质提供的隔热。在本发明的示例性实施例中,制成内层的材料和它相对于外容器将经历的收缩程度及其能够承受的相应热填充最大温度都可以针对给定的应用、用途或使用范围来设计,所有这些都通过适当设计和制造预成型件来完成。
标准Flair2C PET/PET预成型件——首先外层
图8-图10显示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的在用相同材料制成的示例性预成型件(例如PET/PET预成型件)的制造过程中的两个阶段。这里所示的示例性预成型件具有“卡口型”型颈部(设在内容器顶部中的水平凹槽与分配头的“突耳”或水平凸出部配合,反之亦然),但是该过程同样适用于任何的颈部类型。在图8中,首先例如用PET模制出外层。然后,在图9中,在模制出第二层即内层之前,由于两种材料是相同的(并且因此容易在相同的温度下熔融),可以在外预成型件的内侧表面上设置非粘性涂层。这种非粘性涂层例如可以通过喷射(例如平版印刷)而形成,或者可以采用现有或其它合适技术来设置。图8A和图9A显示出这些预成型件的细节,并且描绘出图3A-图3L的“推压销”型分层装置变型。要指出的是,如果预成型件的内层和外层为相同的材料或者为具有相同模制温度的两种材料,则最好首先模制出内预成型件。这样的优点在于,与外预成型件相比,更容易精确地将非粘性涂层施加到内预成型件上。
最后,如图10所示一样,然后可以模制出也为PET的内侧层。由于在两个层之间设有非粘性涂层,这些层可以在其之间导入驱替介质时再分离。图10A显示出具有图3A-图3L所示类型的底部结构的这种PET/PET预成型件的内层细节。
标准Flair2C PET/PET预成型件——首先内层
图11-图14显示出根据本发明备选示例性实施例的在PET/PET预成型件的制造过程中的两个阶段。这里,如图11所示一样,首先模制出内层。然后,在图12中,在模制出第二层即外层之前,将非粘性涂层喷射或以其它方式施加、固定或设置在内预成型件的外侧表面上。最后,如图13所示,外层(也由PET制成)可以被模制出。但是,这里因为首先模制出内层,并且它没有设置如图6-图7的PET/PP预成型件的早先情况中一样的伸长的凸出盘状件,所以需要其它手段将两个预成型件附接在一起。例如这在图14中显示出。
图14因此显示出两步骤附接过程。首先,在步骤1(左边图像)中,可以在模制内预成型件时在其内层中设置孔。然后,在步骤2(右边图像)中,在模制外预成型件时,外预成型件设有凸出部,该凸出部向上凸出穿过内层,并且进入到内层的空腔中,并且因此关闭内预成型件中的孔,并且将两个预成型件连接在一起。
图15显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的带有卡口型颈部成品件的示例性预成型件。卡口型关闭件使用与水平凹槽配合的水平突耳,这帮助转动分配盖以便移除。这些在下面结合图27进行更全面的描述。
图16显示出如上面结合图3所描述地具有构建到外层中的压力释放装置(“推压装置”)中的常见压力释放装置的2C模制预成型件。图17显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的带有卷边颈部、空气阀和液面探测管的示例性预成型件的各个视图。
图19描绘出示例性预成型件如何能够吹制成各种瓶类型,其具有出于图示目的示例性尺寸。根据本发明示例性实施例的示例性预成型件可以吹制成各种形状和尺寸的全尺寸瓶或容器。例如,瓶的底部可以是扁的或圆的。在所示实施例中,扁的或者“香槟酒”型的瓶底部宽度为55mm,角部曲率半径R4为4mm,并且如图所示,瓶的底部在预成型件的基底水平下方竖直地凸出2mm。
活塞式Flair2C PET/PET预成型件——首先外层
图20-图22显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的用于2C模制“活塞式Flair”型PET/PET预成型件的示例性过程。活塞式Flair***在预成型件和因此成品件瓶的上部处在内外预成型件之间采用了连结(bonding)。因此,随着驱替介质进入到层之间,内层朝着分配头被向上推压,并且自身折叠以便象活塞一样沿着外容器的壁向上运动。在公开专利申请No.US2011/0024450中描述了活塞式Flair***,该专利申请的内容由此作为参考引入此文。因此,由于期望上部连结在一起以便实现这种“自身折叠”活塞效果,仅希望让“活塞式Flair”预成型件的底部具有非粘性涂层。
在该示例中,首先模制出外预成型件,并且仅在内/外交界面的底部上施加非粘性涂层。然后,模制出内预成型件,其端部因此如图22中所示,其中非粘性涂层已设置在这些层之间,但仅位于预成型件的底部上。如所指出的一样,如果两种材料相同或者两种材料具有相同的模制温度,则有利的是可以首先模制出内预成型件。这样的优点在于,如在这里所示一样,与在外预成型件的内侧上相比,更容易的是将涂层精确地沉积在内预成型件的外侧上。
活塞式Flair2C PET/PET预成型件——首先内层
因此,图23-图25显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的用于2C模制“活塞式Flair卡扣”型PET/PET预成型件的备选示例性过程。这里,如图23所示一样,首先模制出内预成型件,然后如图24所示一样,将非粘性涂层喷射在内预成型件的外侧上。如图25所示的结果与图20-图22的示例相同,但是将非粘性涂层喷射在内预成型件的外侧上通常是优选的,因为与将它沉积在外预成型件的内侧上(如图21所示)相比,更容易的是精确地将非粘性涂层沉积在内预成型件的外侧上,这是由于在后面的情况中喷射装置/机械手能够***。
具有单向阀的预成型件
图26A至图26H显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的具有单向阀的示例性预成型件。参照图26A,显示出装有阀门的预成型件的剖面,同一幅图也在图26A(b)中示出,其中细节区域——细节A——将在随后的附图中给出。图26(c)和(d)显示出侧视图,其中预成型件竖直地和水平地放置,以显示出底部。类似地,图26A(e)为带有A-A线和B-B线两条线的放大仰视图,将通过这两条线形成剖面。
图26B为在图26A(b)中所示的细节A区域的放大图。它显示出,为了避免在使用之后再填充瓶,可以为预成型件设置单向阀。此单向阀例如为卡在PET阀座中的由挠性塑料(例如弹性体盘、TP或PE)制成的活动板,所述阀座例如可以通过旋焊与预成型件连接。图26C至图26E显示出该单向阀的功能。参照图26C所示,当瓶中存在负压时,两个层分离(是内容器与外容器,对应于预成型件的内层与外层,如上文所述),并且空气可以在底部处从环境空气流入通过单向阀,以允许Flair***操作(在两个容器之间的驱替介质),如由在底部处的箭头所示一样。
图26D显示了在出现相反情况时(即在瓶中存在过压力时)的情形。这里,在层之间的空气试图通过底部回流出(如由在底部处的箭头所示一样),但是单向阀阻挡了该空气流。这些原理可以用于“挤压式Flair”型***,其中使用者挤压外容器以从内容器中分配出液体,并且在这种情况下,容器之间的负压通过单向阀吸入空气。但是,单向阀让空气进入,但是不会让它逸出,因此在内容器上保持了用于进行分配的压力。另外,如图26E所示一样,该单向阀提供了防再填充功能。例如,当瓶变空,消费者试图对其再填充时会发现不可行,因为在再填充(例如从顶部)内容器时,层之间的空气试图通过在底部处的单向阀回流,但是单向阀阻挡了该空气流。而且,在阀门外壳中的中央孔如此小,使得即使通过小型销也不可能迫使阀门打开。例如,即使推压在中央处的小型销时,阀门也将阻挡空气向外流,除非使用者将盘实际刺穿,但这使得该装置在任何情况下都不能使用。因此,不能够再填充瓶,因为层之间的压力将内层保持在收缩位置中,即,在它将其中的流体或液体的最后部分分配出时所处的位置。因此,消费者怎么努力都不能再填充该瓶。这使得必须购买替换的瓶并当然付费给销售者,同时确保了质量控制并防止未授权商家再填充和重新销售。
图26F显示出如上面结合图3所述的具有层分离/松开按钮的单向阀的操作。在使用层分离/松开按钮时(例如没有用涂层完成层分离时),在将预成型件吹制成瓶之前,单向阀不能与预成型件连接,因为在吹制之后在层分离中采用了凸出销。然而,如上所述并且参照图3所示地,单向阀须在已通过过压力将层分离后旋焊到瓶上。因此,参照图26G,在将预成型件吹制成瓶之后,制造者首先必须推入层分离按钮(其已执行其功能),然后随后如图26H所示地,通过旋焊将单向阀附接至现已吹制出的瓶。
示例性卡接型颈部
图27A至图27C显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的用于示例性预成型件的内容器的三突耳卡接型颈部成品件。三突耳卡口型成品件使得能够在内容器的顶部上固定护罩,其可以具有分配头或喷射头,视情况而定。图27B类似地显示出从三突耳卡口型成品件的不同角度看到的视图,图27C显示出三个突耳没有围绕颈部的周边对称,而是以非对称构象布置。如图27C所示,该图为图27A和图27B的卡接型颈部成品件的俯视图,可以很容易看到,两个突耳之间大约呈90度,这两个突耳中的每一个的中心与第三个突耳的中心(如图27C的最左边示出)呈大约135度。喷射头的三突耳构造已在共同转让的美国公开专利申请US2010/0018999中加以描述。
在图27A和图27B中,显示出在预成型件和瓶上的三突耳卡口型/卡接型颈部成品件。该三突耳形式仅有正确的ONE位置(取向),即在该位置中可以将盖或分配头装配于其上。要指出的是,这与带有限定的前部(喷嘴)和后部的扁瓶例如喷射器结合时往往是有用的,因为容易的是将扁型瓶在填充生产线上正确地取向,从而此在填充和附接护罩之前可以采取此唯一取向。因此,如在作为美国专利申请公开文献No.2010/0018999公布的美国专利申请No.12/448132中所指出的一样,ONE位置是三突耳没有围绕着颈部的周边等距离地(例如以(3×120°)的方式)间隔而是以135°、90°、135°的夹角间隔的位置,上述文献的全部内容作为参考引入此文。
但是,这在采用圆瓶时会出现问题。例如,在填充生产线中以及在消费者已经完成了再填充动作之后,难以将帽或装置连接在圆瓶护罩上,因为没有任何容易识别的取向(圆瓶)。为了避免出现这个问题,如下面所述一样,已经开发出新颖的四突耳卡口型/卡接型颈部成品件。
四(4)突耳卡口型颈部和卡接型帽
与三突耳卡口卡接型颈部成品件相对比,图27D至图27G显示出根据本发明示例性实施例的新颖的四突耳卡口卡接型颈部成品件。图27D显示出具有这种示例性四突耳卡口卡接型颈部成品件的示例性瓶的主透视图,图27E显示出所述瓶的不同视图,左边图像显示出采用导入结构将头部从上卡接到突耳中,右边图像显示出标准的突耳(竖直肋在右侧上,并且水平条与其连接)。参照图27D,该四突耳卡口卡接型颈部成品件具有4个卡口型/卡接型突耳。其中两个突耳设有导入和导出引导肋(在图27E的左边图像中显示出这种类型的突耳)。在本发明的示例性实施例中,四个突耳中的两个突耳设有导入和导出倾斜结构就足够起作用,并且还适于模制目的,因为在模具中采用两个滑动件不能制造出具有导入/导出肋的4个突耳。需要四个滑动件并且提高了复杂性,但是例如在特殊原因使之成为最佳选择的情况下可以这样做。而且,还如图27D所示一样,在瓶成品件的上部例如4MM中不允许有任何肋,否则在内密封表面处会出现凹痕,并且为了获得气密密封,帽需要一些竖直的“导入”空间,从而盖的顶部紧密地配合在颈部的顶部上。
图27F显示出卡接型颈部成品件的俯视图,其中可以很容易看出,四个突耳以其中心之间呈90度的方式围绕瓶颈部周边对称地设置。在图的顶部和底部处的突耳具有导入和导出结构,而在3点钟和9点钟(右边和左边)处的突耳只是普通突耳。因此,可以利用这种对称性,而无需使配头或喷射头或类似的帽以相对于颈部的任何特定取向对准(这在上述三突耳***是需要的)。图27G显示出也可以采用用于卡接型钩子和卡接型上帽(没有旋转,仅向下按压)的导入件,其中在组装生产线上,例如将盖或者帽在四个突耳上方对准并简单地下推,盖上的钩子分别沿倾斜的导入件向下滑落以钩到突耳上的狭缝(在水平条下方)中,这与使用引导件引以按照转动的方式引导并且那样锁紧在突耳中相反。但是,对于这种卡接(没有旋转)型钩子附接方法而言,瓶必须正确的对准,这需要更高的精度和复杂性。
图27H和图27I显示出根据本发明实施例的布置成与瓶颈部上的四突耳配合的示例性帽或盖。这种帽具有四个相同的卡口卡接型钩子,以便与颈部的四突耳卡口型配合,如在图27D至图27G中所示一样。参照图27H,该图为示例性卡接型帽的侧视图,在每一幅图中画出了用来形成剖面的A-A线。通过A-A线的剖面显示出,帽具有四个相同的卡口卡接型钩子,并且类似地,通过B-B线的剖面显示出,在任何两个突耳之间切开以在它们之间以90度角对分开时的效果。类似地,图27I显示出四突耳卡口卡接型帽的透视图。图27J显示出将图27H和图27I的四突耳卡口型帽安装到设有如上所述的四突耳卡口型颈部成品件的Flair型瓶上的原理。参照图27J可以看出,该图显示出这种示例性帽的切开视图,可以仅仅通过进行竖直向下和径向的运动就可以从四个等同位置中的任一位置将帽附接至颈部。竖直运动推动帽对准,从而钩形卡口卡接型钩子中的每一个多少设置在两个相邻突耳之间,而扭转或径向运动将它们中的每一个锁入到其相应的突耳中。钩子在由两个添装肋的导入结构向下引导至适当的竖直水平之后附接在每个突耳的垂直条下方。由于对称性,如图27F所示,在组装时,实际上有四个可以让帽初始地放置的取向,所有这些取向将会导致四突耳卡扣型帽以帽中的每个钩子与颈部上的对应突耳相配合的形式被适当地附接在颈部上的相同结果。图27K、图27L和图27M仅仅是图27J中的每个图像的放大视图以便于观看。
图27N显示出附接至颈部的示例性帽。这里在图27N(a)中,帽的钩子由导入结构的底侧向左地引导,在图27N(b)中,帽的钩子已经附接在这个添装突耳的两个竖直肋之间。图27O显示出在每个突耳上的“端部肋”(在每个图中的突耳的左侧)和两个突耳(具有导入结构的突耳)上的“防后退肋”(在添装突耳的右侧)的特征。端部肋防止了帽转动过远,防后退肋产生要移除帽时所需的一定的最小量力。为了移除帽,即,使其逆时针转动,必须在防后退肋上方推动钩子越过该肋,这需要一定的作用力来实现。可以看出,端部肋比防后退肋径向向外凸出更远,因此使用者不能进一步顺时针转动越过该阻挡件。示出了通过附接至颈部的帽的两个突耳和钩子(以180度分隔开)的剖面的图27P显示出如上所描述的四突耳卡口型帽原理,示出帽的钩子与颈部的突耳互锁,并正好设置在每个突耳的水平条下方。还要指出的是,所描绘的颈部具有内容器包覆模制在外容器上的包覆模制特征,如在上面的图7B中所示一样。图27Q、图27R和图27S显示出卡接原理的进一步细节。图27Q在其上部显示出,在将帽对准的情况下,可以有四个相同的位置(在突耳之间,而无论帽和瓶颈的相对取向如何)。图27R显示出突耳的竖直倾斜水平部分可以用作竖直导入结构,以便进行单纯的卡接型附接(没有任何转动),但是在该情况下,必须将帽对准以使得四个钩子正好处于4个突耳上方。最后,图28T显示出示例性帽和瓶颈部,卡接在此时已经完成。在消费者通过使帽逆时针转动来移除帽时,帽可以如上所述地根据卡口原理更换,即,可以重复地移除和更换。
图27U显示出这样的情况,即,期望帽以不可撤回的方式附接,从而使用者不能移除它并自己再填充内容物。为了在瓶和装置之间形成不可拆卸的卡接型连接,图27S和图27T的正常卡接实施例的两个防后退肋(所述防后退肋设在具有导入结构的两个突耳上)的直径(其径向向外的凸出部)须增大至等于端部肋的径向向外凸出部,从而在将装置的卡接型钩子在肋之间锁定就位时,不能以其他方式进一步转动装置以移除它(不在能够进一步顺时针转动以推动越过端部肋,同样不可拆卸式卡接型连接仅仅使得该特征延伸至防后退肋)。
为吹制而匹配预成型件加热曲线
如上所述,在本发明的各个示例性实施例中,对于内容器和外容器往往采用不同的材料制成预成型件。但是这带来的技术问题在于,不同的材料(例如PET和PP)具有不同的最佳吹制温度范围以实现吹制。如上所述,在模制之后,预成型件接着被吹制成其最终形状以便用在Flair型瓶中。因此,内预成型件和外预成型件被一起吹制。为了实现该吹制过程以将两个内外层完全吹制成其最终形状,需要密切匹配两个层的吹制温度。
图28显示出该过程的细节以及示例性内容器和外容器的材料的正确匹配。参照图28A,该图所示的示例性预成型件在加热炉内部转动,使之能够准备用来吹制成瓶。例如,该示例性预成型件具有由材料“A”(例如PET)制成的外层和由材料“B”(聚丙烯)制成的内层。通常,每种材料类型具有其自身的最佳吹制温度,它是其增塑和热传递曲线的函数。如图28A所示,因为预成型件设置在加热炉内,所以用于内侧层的热量须穿过外侧层。因此,如所示一样,加热元件2810位于外容器的外侧上。因此,为了获得用于外侧层的最佳吹制温度,可以调节加热元件的强度和加热炉的热传递速度,但是对外侧层的该最佳调节通常不会为内侧层给予最佳吹制温度,尤其是在内侧层由与外侧层不同的材料制成的情况下。
图28B显示出优化内外侧层的吹制温度为何如此关键的原因。图28B,描绘出针对例如在以上图7A中所示的示例性预成型件的完全吹制出的瓶和底角部的细节。为了将瓶吹制成给定形状,两个层必须完全地吹制。如果内部层不能完全拉伸至外角部的形状,那么由于瓶从内侧吹出,所以外层也将不会达到其所期望的形状。如果内层的温度太低,该现象将发生。另一方面,如果内侧层的温度太高,则两个层能够呈现所期望的形状,但是吹制过程的循环时间明显增长。因此,内层必须足够冷却,从而它不会由于收缩而回拉。温度太高也会容易造成其他吹制故障。
最后,图28C显示出针对分别用作预成型件的外层和内层的两种示例性材料的理想吹制温度的比较。随着温度变化绘制出其相应的增塑和热传递曲线。这里,外层为材料“A”,并且内层为材料“B”。从图28C的图表中可以看出,材料A具有更宽的理想吹制温度范围(即便它具有更大的斜率)。材料B具有相当窄的理想温度范围,因此当它处于该范围内的间隔也相应地窄。
通过在外层和/或内层采用不同的颜色或添加剂,可以获得最佳的增塑曲线,以便吹制出由两种不同材料制成的示例性预成型件组件。例如,将黑色或褐色颜料加入到材料“B”中并将白色颜料加入到材料“A”,这将造成后者吸热更少,而前者吸热更多。其他添加剂也会影响增塑温度范围以及热传递性能,备选的是,这也可以通过在两层之间采用涂层、通过利用纳米技术进行表面处理、和/或通过利用纳米技术改变分子结构来实现。图28D显示出这种变型,其中材料“B”现在已经改变,从而其增塑区域(以及因此其最佳吹制温度范围)现在位于材料“A”的增塑区域范围(以及因此最佳吹制温度范围)内。
例如,PET具有比PP和其他聚烯烃更高的增塑温度。因此,对于吹制由PET外层和PP(聚丙烯)内层制成的预成型件而言,会存在明显的不匹配。通过将黑色或褐色颜料加入到PP中并将白颜料加入到PET中,在褐色/黑色吸收的热量比白色高大约70%的情况下,可以拓宽并且提升PP的温度范围,并且降低PET的温度范围,从而如图28D中所示一样将存在这样的温度间隔,即,在这温度间隔内能够最佳地吹制两个层。当然,想要将吹制温度设定在可用温度间隔的中央处,从而例如给定的Gaussian分布曲线,或者预成型件和/或其内的区域,则尽可能多的预成型件将完全位于该范围内,并且吹制将成功。
因此,在本发明的示例性实施例中,为了在吹制过程中获得宽的过程窗口,可以改变由不同材料制成的预成型件层的增塑曲线。一旦进行了这种改变,则可以吹制出多层预成型件,就好像它由一种材料构成的一样。
还要指出的是,在各个示例性实施例中,预成型件可以有三层或甚至更多层。在这种情况中,所有三层或者N层预成型件的所有N层需要如此调节,从而根据情况,存在有为构成各个层的所有三层或所有N层材料所共同的吹制温度范围。
上面给出的说明书和附图只是用于例举,而决不是用来限制在下面权利要求书中所给出的本发明的范围。尤其要指出的是,本领域普通技术人员能够很容易将所述的各个示例性实施例的各个技术方面组合在一起。
Claims (19)
1.一种用于液体分配装置的预成型件,包括:
内层,所述内层形成内容器;以及
外层,所述外层形成外容器,
其中所述内层和所述外层仅在所述预成型件的底部和顶部处可密封地连接;
其中,所述外层包括在其底部中的进气口或者通气孔,用于将空气引入到所述内层和所述外层之间;
其中,当所述预成型件用在所述液体分配装置中时,所述内层和外层之间保持一定的压力,以分配所述内容器中的液体;并且
其中,所述外层或所述内层设有一体模制的压力释放机构,从而在按压该压力释放机构时,在所述内容器和所述外容器之间的任何压力得以释放。
2.如权利要求1所述的预成型件,其中,所述内层和所述外层由相同材料或不同材料制成。
3.如权利要求2所述的预成型件,其中,(a)所述内层和所述外层都由PET制成;或者(b)所述内层和所述外层中的一个层由PET制成,而另一个层由聚烯烃制成;或者(c)所述内层由聚烯烃制成,而所述外层由PET制成。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的预成型件,其中,所述内层和所述外层通过双注射模制而成。
5.如权利要求4所述的预成型件,所述内层和所述外层的材料相同或者具有基本上相同的模制温度,向所要模制的第一个层的至少一部分施加非粘性涂层,再模制另一个层。
6.如权利要求5所述的预成型件,其中,首先模制出所述外层,向所述外层的内侧施加所述非粘性涂层;或者,首先模制出所述内层,向所述内层的外侧施加所述非粘性涂层。
7.如权利要求6所述的预成型件,其中,所述预成型件用于形成活塞式Flair型瓶,仅向所要模制的第一层的下部施加所述非粘性涂层。
8.如权利要求4所述的预成型件,其中,所述内层和所述外层在完成所述双注射模制时在所述预成型件的颈部和所述底部处联结。
9.如权利要求4所述的预成型件,其中,首先模制所述外层,在所述外层的底部中央中留下孔,并且将所述内层通过注射到所述孔中而模制。
10.如权利要求4所述的预成型件,其中,首先模制所述内层,在所述内层的底部中央中留下孔,并且将所述外层包覆模制到所述内层上。
11.如权利要求10所述的预成型件,其中,通过从所述外层的内侧底部凸出的竖直凸出部填充在所述内层的底部中的孔,从而将这两个层联结。
12.如权利要求4所述的预成型件,其中,所述内层由聚烯烃和聚酰胺其中之一制成。
13.如权利要求4所述的预成型件,其中,所述内层布置成相对于所述外层以限定的百分比收缩。
14.如权利要求13所述的预成型件,其中,针对给定的应用、用途或使用范围来设计用以制作所述内层的材料、所述内层相对于所述外层所要经受的收缩程度、以及所述内层所能承受的伴随的热填充最大温度。
15.如权利要求4所述的预成型件,其中,所述预成型件的颈部具有四突耳卡口型成品件。
16.如权利要求15所述的预成型件,其中,所述突耳中的两个具有导入结构。
17.如权利要求15所述的预成型件,其中,所述突耳具有端部肋,所述端部肋布置成防止盖在被固定时过度地转动。
18.如权利要求16所述的预成型件,其中,所述突耳中的所述两个具有防后退肋,所述防后退肋布置成产生出移除被固定的盖所需的最小力。
19.如权利要求18所述的预成型件,其中所述防后退肋从所述预成型件的颈部径向向外地伸出额外的量,使得不能移除帽或盖。
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PCT/US2011/065940 WO2012083310A2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2011-12-19 | Improved pre-forms for flair applications |
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EP (3) | EP3441208A1 (zh) |
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- 2011-12-19 US US13/330,632 patent/US10894340B2/en active Active
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