CN103444625B - Rotation grazing method - Google Patents
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- CN103444625B CN103444625B CN201310378445.9A CN201310378445A CN103444625B CN 103444625 B CN103444625 B CN 103444625B CN 201310378445 A CN201310378445 A CN 201310378445A CN 103444625 B CN103444625 B CN 103444625B
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Abstract
Rotation grazing method provided by the invention, comprising: step one: will herd that field division is multiple end to endly successively herds region, and multiple area of herding region is identical; Step 2: flock of sheep are divided into multiple groupuscule, the quantity of groupuscule is identical with the quantity of herding region, and the quantity of the sheep of each groupuscule is identical; Step 3: each is herded in region and arranges a groupuscule, and all groupuscules are herded by identical Grazing system simultaneously; Step 4: often through first time period, a groupuscule of each being herded respectively in region is driven and is herded to adjacent herding in region and according to the Grazing system of step 3, is all herded once with same time by each groupuscule until each herds region.Rotation grazing method of the present invention is utilized to carry out flock of sheep when putting in a suitable place to breed, in a planned way can utilize grass resources, avoid overgraze and alleviate flock of sheep to the trample on grassland and destruction, ensure that flock of sheep obtain enough herbage, to promote its normal development and growth within the whole grazing season.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the raising method of livestock breeding, particularly relate to a kind of rotation grazing method.
Background technology
Rotation grazing is the abbreviation of regional rotation grazing or rotation grazing on an area basis, is a kind of Grazing system that economical and effective utilizes meadow.Rotation grazing typically refers to pasture range regularly rotational grazing and leisure in certain sequence more than two pieces.Rotation grazing cycle, length depended on Herbage regrowth speed, and general aftergrass can be herded again up to 8 centimetres-15 centimetres, needed 25 days-40 days.Rotation grazing cycle, length was also different because grassland types is different, and general dry steppe is 30 days-35 days, and desert steppe is 40 days-50 days, sylvosteppe and grassy marshland are 25 days-30 days, Mountain Meadow is 30 days-35 days, and desert, alpine belt aftergrass seldom, only utilize once for 1 year sometimes.
Rotation grazing in a planned way can utilize grass resources, avoids overgraze and alleviates livestock to the trample on grassland and destruction, ensures that livestock obtains enough herbage, to promote its normal development and growth within the whole grazing season.But up to now, rotation grazing means extensively adopted or traditional migrate the mode of herding with flock of sheep or cows, this mode cannot make full use of grass resources.Practice shows, improves traditional rotation grazing means if want, the cattle and sheep realizing science are raised, and first must design a kind of science of programming, ensure the rotation grazing method that herbage makes full use of.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of science of programming, ensure the rotation grazing method that herbage makes full use of.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, comprising:
Step one: place will be herded and be divided into and multiplely end to endly successively herd region, described multiple area of herding region is identical;
Step 2: flock of sheep are divided into multiple groupuscule, the quantity of described groupuscule is identical with described quantity of herding region, and the quantity of the sheep of each groupuscule is identical;
Step 3: each is herded in region and arranges a groupuscule, and all groupuscules are herded by identical Grazing system simultaneously;
Step 4: often through first time period, a groupuscule of each being herded respectively in region is driven and is herded to adjacent herding in region and according to the Grazing system of step 3, is all herded once with same time by each groupuscule until each herds region.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one also comprises and is divided into multiple end to end one-level subregion successively by herding region described in each, and the area of described multiple one-level subregion is identical, and the Grazing system of described step 3 specifically comprises:
Sub-step one a: groupuscule is driven and herds to an one-level subregion of herding in region;
Sub-step two: often through the second time period, a groupuscule in described one-level subregion is driven and herds to same adjacent one-level subregion of herding in region, until each one-level subregion of herding in region was all herded once with same time by described groupuscule.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, each one-level sub-zone dividing that described step one also comprises herding region described in each is multiple end to end secondary subregions successively, and the area of multiple described secondary subregion is identical; The sub-step one of the Grazing system of described step 3 specifically comprises:
Steps A a: groupuscule is driven and herds to a secondary subregion in an one-level subregion of herding in region;
Step B: often through the 3rd time period, drives described groupuscule and herds to the adjacent secondary subregion in same one-level subregion, until each the secondary subregion in an one-level subregion was all herded once with same time by described groupuscule.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, in the sub-step two of the Grazing system of described step 3: the Grazing system of described groupuscule in each one-level subregion all carries out according to described steps A, described step B order.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one specifically comprises: will herd place and be planned to circle, field division four is end to end successively fan-shaped herds region by herding to utilize the first fence, herd described in four region along described in herd the circumference distribution in place, herd the center of circle in place described in the extension extended line of multiple described first fence all passes through.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one specifically also comprises: utilize five the second fence to be separated to form six fan-shaped described one-level subregions by herding region described in each respectively, whole described one-level subregion along described in herd the circumference distribution in place, herd the center of circle in place described in the extension extended line of described multiple second fence all passes through.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one specifically also comprises: utilize two the 3rd fence that each described one-level subregion is separated to form three secondary subregions respectively, and the axis of herding place described in described three secondary subregions edge of each described one-level subregion is arranged in order.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one also comprises: be provided with the relaxing area of having a rest for flock of sheep at described middle part of herding place, described relaxing area is all adjacent with each described one-level subregion, the circle centre position in place is herded described in described relaxing area is positioned at, be provided with multiple sheep hurdle in described relaxing area, described in described multiple sheep hurdle edge, herd the circumference distribution in place.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, also comprised before described step one: at range land Planting Medicago sativa, orchardgrass grass, perennial ryegrass, clover, bromegrass, annual bluegrass, alta fascue on the ground
Rotation grazing method of the present invention is utilized to carry out flock of sheep when putting in a suitable place to breed, in a planned way can utilize grass resources, avoid overgraze and alleviate flock of sheep to the trample on grassland and destruction, ensure that flock of sheep obtain enough herbage, to promote its normal development and growth within the whole grazing season.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of the structural representation of herding place, basically illustrates a fan-shaped interior of herding region;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the structural representation of herding place, shows four fan-shaped interiors of herding region;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the structural representation of one-level subregion;
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of relaxing area.
Embodiment
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, comprising:
Step one: will herd that field division is multiple end to endly successively herds region, described multiple area of herding region is identical;
Step 2: flock of sheep are divided into multiple groupuscule, the quantity of described groupuscule is identical with described quantity of herding region, and the quantity of the sheep of each groupuscule is identical;
Step 3: each is herded in region and arranges a groupuscule, and all groupuscules are herded by identical Grazing system simultaneously;
Step 4: often through first time period, a groupuscule of each being herded respectively in region is driven and is herded to adjacent herding in region and according to the Grazing system of step 3, is all herded once with same time by each groupuscule until each herds region.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one also comprises and is divided into multiple end to end one-level subregion successively by herding region described in each, and the area of described multiple one-level subregion is identical, and the Grazing system of described step 3 specifically comprises:
Sub-step one a: groupuscule is driven and herds to an one-level subregion of herding in region;
Sub-step two: often through the second time period, a groupuscule in described one-level subregion is driven and herds to same adjacent one-level subregion of herding in region, until each one-level subregion of herding in region was all herded once with same time by described groupuscule.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, each one-level sub-zone dividing that described step one also comprises herding region described in each is multiple end to end secondary subregions successively, and the area of described multiple secondary subregion is identical; The sub-step one of the Grazing system of described step 3 specifically comprises:
Steps A a: groupuscule is driven and herds to a secondary subregion in an one-level subregion of herding in region;
Step B: often through the 3rd time period, drives described groupuscule and herds to the adjacent secondary subregion in same one-level subregion, until each the secondary subregion in an one-level subregion was all herded once with same time by described groupuscule.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, in the sub-step two of the Grazing system of described step 3: the Grazing system of described groupuscule in each one-level subregion all carries out according to steps A, step B order.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, during according to steps A, step B herding in each one-level subregion, the mode of " first center, rear periphery " is adopted, namely first herd in the secondary subregion of herding centre, region, then herd in the secondary subregion of herding area periphery.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one specifically comprises: will herd place and be planned to circle, field division four is end to end successively fan-shaped herds region by herding to utilize the first fence, herd region described in four to distribute along the circumference of described rotation grazing method, the extension extended line of multiple described first fence is all by the center of circle of described rotation grazing method.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one specifically also comprises: utilize five the second fence to be separated to form six fan-shaped described one-level subregions by herding region described in each respectively, whole described one-level subregion along described in herd the circumference distribution in place, herd the center of circle in place described in the extension extended line of described multiple second fence all passes through.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one specifically also comprises: utilize two the 3rd fence that each described one-level subregion is separated to form three secondary subregions respectively, and the axis of herding place described in described three secondary subregions edge of each described one-level subregion is arranged in order.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, described step one also comprises: be provided with the relaxing area of having a rest for flock of sheep at described middle part of herding place, described relaxing area is all adjacent with each described one-level subregion, the circle centre position in place is herded described in described relaxing area is positioned at, be provided with multiple sheep hurdle in described relaxing area, described in described multiple sheep hurdle edge, herd the circumference distribution in place.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, also comprised before described step one: at range land Planting Medicago sativa, orchardgrass grass, perennial ryegrass, clover, bromegrass, annual bluegrass, alta fascue on the ground.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention is applicable to implement on grassland.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, the embodiment of rotation grazing method of the present invention comprises:
Step one: place will be herded and be planned to circle, the first fence 1 is utilized to be divided into four end to endly successively fan-shaped to herd region 10 by herding place, region 10 is herded along the circumference distribution of herding place described in four, the extension extended line of multiple described first fence 1 is all by herding the center of circle in place, five the second fence 2 are utilized to be separated to form six fan-shaped described one-level subregions 11 by herding region 10 described in each respectively, whole one-level subregion 11 is along the circumference distribution of herding place, the center of circle in place is herded described in the extension extended line of described multiple second fence 2 all passes through.Utilize two the 3rd fence 3 that each one-level subregion 11 is separated to form three secondary subregions 13 respectively, three secondary subregions 13 of each described one-level subregion 11 are arranged in order along the axis of herding place, the relaxing area 20 of having a rest for flock of sheep is provided with at described middle part of herding place, described relaxing area 20 is all adjacent with each described one-level subregion 11, relaxing area 20 is positioned at the circle centre position of herding place, multiple sheep hurdle 30 is provided with in relaxing area 20, multiple sheep hurdle 30 is along described circumference distribution of herding place, the present embodiment range land ground area 553 mu, each herds region area 125 mu, each one-level subregion 11 area 20.83 mu,
Step 2: flock of sheep are divided into multiple groupuscule, the quantity of described groupuscule is identical with the quantity of herding region 10, and the quantity of the sheep of each groupuscule is identical, totally four groupuscules, often a small set of 500 sheep;
Step 3: driven by a groupuscule 500 sheep respectively to one and herd in region, multiple groupuscule is herded simultaneously;
Step 4: often through after a period of time, herds a groupuscule in region respectively and herds according to driveing clockwise or counterclockwise to adjacent herding in region 10 by each.
Specifically, herd in region at each, the mode of herding a groupuscule is all identical, and this mode specifically comprises: a groupuscule driven in an one-level subregion 11; Often through the second time period, a groupuscule in the one-level subregion 11 of herding in region 10 is driven and herds to same adjacent one-level subregion 11 of herding in region 10, groupuscule is carried out according to a fixing direction herding the movement between the numerous one-level subregions 11 in region 10, as clockwise (also can be counterclockwise), with this, the movement of a groupuscule often after the second time period, all according to clockwise direction, ensures that each one-level subregion 11 that each is herded in region 10 was all herded once with same time by a groupuscule.
More specifically, this mode comprises: a groupuscule driven and herd to a secondary subregion 13 in an one-level subregion 11 of herding in region 10;
Often through the 3rd time period, this groupuscule is driven according to a fixing direction and herds to the adjacent secondary subregion 13 in same one-level subregion 11, movement between groupuscule numerous secondary subregions 13 in an one-level subregion 11 is carried out according to a fixing direction, preferably by herding the center (i.e. the center of circle) in place to extraradial direction, the movement of a groupuscule often after the 3rd time period is all according to by herding the center (i.e. the center of circle) in place to extraradial direction, all herded once with same time by this groupuscule with each secondary subregion 13 that this ensures in an one-level subregion 11.
The Grazing system of each groupuscule in each one-level subregion 11 all carries out according to steps A, step B order.
More particularly, step 3, step 4 comprise:
(1) respectively a groupuscule is driven in the one-level subregion 11 of to herd to each in region 10, specifically, that in a secondary subregion 13 in each one-level subregion 11 of herding in region 10, in this secondary subregion 13, the sheep of a groupuscule is by free range husbandry;
(2) through the 3rd time period (2 days), the sheep respectively each being herded a groupuscule in the secondary subregion 13 in region 10 is herded to second secondary subregion 13 in same one-level subregion 11 according to being driven to extraradial direction by the center (i.e. the center of circle) of herding place, circulate with this and analogize, often through the 3rd time period (2 days), the sheep respectively each being herded a groupuscule in the secondary subregion 13 in region 10 is herded to the next secondary subregion 13 in same one-level subregion 11 according to being driven to extraradial direction by the center (i.e. the center of circle) of herding place,
(3) when all secondary subregions 13 in an one-level subregion 11 were all herded, namely through 6 days---i.e. the second time period, the sheep then respectively each being herded a groupuscule in the secondary subregion 13 in region 10 is driven according to clockwise direction and herds to same next one-level subregion 11 of herding in region 10, herds in first secondary subregion 13 specifically in clockwise next one-level subregion 11;
(4) then repeat above-mentioned steps (2), (3), when all secondary subregions 13 of herding in region 10 were all herded, then a grazing period completes.
Calculate by above-mentioned number of days, the present embodiment grazing period should be 36 days.
First time period in step 4 is grazing period mentioned above.Above-mentioned steps four is specially: often after 36 days, and a groupuscule of each being herded respectively in region 10 is driven and herded to adjacent herding in region 10, and the concrete mode of herding is carried out according to the mode of above-mentioned steps three.
After four grazing periods, namely each groupuscule is all herded region 10 at four and was herded a grazing period according to the mode of above-mentioned steps three, at this moment herds the stage (36 × 4) and completes for one.
In a grazing period, each herds in region 10, flock of sheep are all put in a suitable place to breed in a secondary subregion 13, then this herds other region rehabilitation in region 10, herbage growth, in a planned way utilizes grass resources thus, avoids overgraze and alleviates flock of sheep to the trample on grassland and destruction, ensure that flock of sheep obtain enough herbage, to promote its normal development and growth within the whole grazing season.
A time of herding the stage is 144 days, and it is substantially identical between the best puberty being a bellwether, utilize above-described embodiment of rotation grazing method of the present invention to carry out flock of sheep to put in a suitable place to breed, after one is herded 144 days stages, on average every sheep weightening finish 20-30 kilogram in flock of sheep, more traditionally puts every sheep weightening finish increase about 30% in a suitable place to breed.
In a grazing period, each herds in region 10, flock of sheep are all put in a suitable place to breed in a secondary subregion 13, then this herds other region rehabilitation in region 10, herbage growth, in a planned way utilizes grass resources thus, avoids overgraze and alleviates flock of sheep to the trample on grassland and destruction, ensure that flock of sheep obtain enough herbage, to promote its normal development and growth within the whole grazing season.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention, wherein, also comprised before described step one: at range land Planting Medicago sativa, orchardgrass grass, perennial ryegrass, clover, bromegrass, annual bluegrass, alta fascue on the ground.
Above-mentioned clover, orchardgrass grass, perennial ryegrass, clover, bromegrass, annual bluegrass, alta fascue are particularly suitable for flock of sheep and raise.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention is utilized to carry out flock of sheep when putting in a suitable place to breed, first flock of sheep can be trapped among first to herd in region 10 and put in a suitable place to breed, after certain hour, flock of sheep are driven to herd in region 10 to lower second and put in a suitable place to breed, region 10 time is herded to recover to first, after certain hour, flock of sheep are driven to herd in region 10 to lower 3rd and put in a suitable place to breed, region 10 time is herded to recover to second, by that analogy, each region 10 of herding is recovered if having time, so in a planned way utilize grass resources, avoid overgraze and alleviate flock of sheep to the trample on grassland and destruction, ensure that flock of sheep obtain enough herbage within the whole grazing season, to promote its normal development and growth.
In the stage of herding, in every night, the interior rest of sheep hurdle 30 that flock of sheep return relaxing area 20 can be driven.
Sheep hurdle 30 is for holding the flock of sheep had a rest night.Sheep hurdle 30 comprises the pillar being erected in ground and the multiple catch being fixed on pillar surrounding, the first end of described multiple catch is connected with pillar respectively, second end of described multiple catch is connected with ground respectively, described multiple catch is in turn connected to form the ceiling around pillar, the second end of described catch is provided with the ventilation groove that the first end to described catch caves in.
Sheep hurdle 30 is suitable for using in the area of warmer climate, and feature is that cost is low, bright and clear, well-ventilated, and summer can be used as mat shelter, and snowy and rainy day can be used as the place of supplementary feeding, promotes normal development and the growth of flock of sheep further.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention can better running sheep, makes the activity of flock of sheep science, rationally and more orderly more, growing of convenient monitoring sheep; The movable route of rotation grazing method of the present invention to flock of sheep has made accurate planning, overcome that to raise the flock of sheep activity that brings completely scattered large, physical consumption is large, the shortcoming that the slow and easy large area of disease of becoming fat infects, flock of sheep are made again to have certain motion every day, its physique effectively strong.
Rotation grazing method of the present invention can utilize grassland more fully.It is uneven that the green grass of the flock of sheep raised scattered completely through grassland later often can show; grass also very luxuriant region and careless by the interval straggly, region of eating up in a large number; be unfavorable for so very much utilization again and the rang management of other flock of sheep; adopt rotation grazing method of the present invention then can avoid the generation of above-mentioned situation completely; make full use of grassland thus, improve stock-carrying capacity.
Utilize above-described embodiment of rotation grazing method of the present invention to carry out flock of sheep to put in a suitable place to breed, after one is herded 144 days stages, on average every sheep weightening finish 20-30 kilogram in flock of sheep, more traditionally puts every sheep weightening finish increase about 30% in a suitable place to breed.
General every mu, the 0.08-0.14 head of stock-carrying capacity of natural meadow, above-described embodiment of rotation grazing method of the present invention raises 2000 mutton sheeps with 553 mu of ground.Wherein planting forage grass 500 mu, every mu of number of animals raised 4-5, compared with natural meadow, improves stock-carrying capacity 20-100 doubly.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a rotation grazing method, is characterized in that, described rotation grazing method comprises:
Step one: will herd place and be divided into and multiplely end to endly successively herd region, the area of herding region described in multiple is identical;
Step 2: flock of sheep are divided into multiple groupuscule, the quantity of described groupuscule is identical with described quantity of herding region, and the quantity of the sheep of each groupuscule is identical;
Step 3: each is herded in region and arranges a groupuscule, and all groupuscules are herded by identical Grazing system simultaneously;
Step 4: often through first time period, a groupuscule of each being herded respectively in region is driven to adjacent herding in region and according to the Grazing system of step 3 and is herded, all herded once by each groupuscule with same time until each herds region, described step one also comprises and is divided into multiple end to end one-level subregion successively by herding region described in each, the area of multiple described one-level subregion is identical, and the Grazing system of described step 3 specifically comprises:
Sub-step one a: groupuscule is driven and herds to an one-level subregion of herding in region;
Sub-step two: often through the second time period, a groupuscule in described one-level subregion is driven and herds to same adjacent one-level subregion of herding in region, until each one-level subregion of herding in region was all herded once with same time by described groupuscule.
2. rotation grazing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each one-level sub-zone dividing that described step one also comprises herding region described in each is multiple end to end secondary subregions successively, and the area of multiple described secondary subregion is identical; The sub-step one of the Grazing system of described step 3 specifically comprises:
Steps A a: groupuscule is driven and herds to a secondary subregion in an one-level subregion of herding in region;
Step B: often through the 3rd time period, drives described groupuscule and herds to the adjacent secondary subregion in same one-level subregion, until each the secondary subregion in an one-level subregion was all herded once with same time by described groupuscule.
3. rotation grazing method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in the sub-step two of the Grazing system of described step 3: the Grazing system of described groupuscule in each one-level subregion all carries out according to described steps A, described step B order.
4. rotation grazing method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step one specifically comprises: will herd place and be planned to circle, field division four is end to end successively fan-shaped herds region by herding to utilize the first fence, herd described in four region along described in herd the circumference distribution in place, herd the center of circle in place described in the extension extended line of multiple described first fence all passes through.
5. rotation grazing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described step one specifically also comprises: utilize five the second fence to be separated to form six fan-shaped described one-level subregions by herding region described in each respectively, whole described one-level subregion along described in herd the circumference distribution in place, herd the center of circle in place described in the extension extended line of described multiple second fence all passes through.
6. rotation grazing method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described step one specifically also comprises: utilize two the 3rd fence that each described one-level subregion is separated to form three secondary subregions respectively, and the axis of herding place described in described three secondary subregions edge of each described one-level subregion is arranged in order.
7. rotation grazing method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described step one also comprises: be provided with the relaxing area of having a rest for flock of sheep at described middle part of herding place, described relaxing area is all adjacent with each described one-level subregion, the circle centre position in place is herded described in described relaxing area is positioned at, be provided with multiple sheep hurdle in described relaxing area, described in described multiple sheep hurdle edge, herd the circumference distribution in place.
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