CN103432707B - 输电线路山火灭火剂 - Google Patents

输电线路山火灭火剂 Download PDF

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CN103432707B
CN103432707B CN201310403424.8A CN201310403424A CN103432707B CN 103432707 B CN103432707 B CN 103432707B CN 201310403424 A CN201310403424 A CN 201310403424A CN 103432707 B CN103432707 B CN 103432707B
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fire
fire extinguishing
transmission line
extinguishing
water
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CN103432707A (zh
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陆佳政
吴传平
张红先
李波
方针
赵纯
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State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Center of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种输电线路山火灭火剂。本发明将23wt.％的氯化钾、52-65wt.％的碳酸铵、12-25wt.％磷酸氢二钠化学固体按先后顺序分别溶于适量水中，得到比重为1.1-1.2的灭火液体，存放于密封、防光的容器中。扑灭输电线路山火前，将灭火液体与水按1:20的比例稀释，灌充到细水雾灭火器中，将灭火剂以细水雾状喷向火场进行灭火。本发明灭火速度快、阻燃性强、灭火效率高，可以少量灭火剂有效扑灭一定面积山火，有效防止输电线路因山火跳闸。

Description

输电线路山火灭火剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种灭火剂，特别涉及一种输电线路山火灭火剂。
背景技术
近年来，输电线路山火频发，输电线路运行受到严重威胁。对初发阶段的输电线路附近山火进行灭火，是保证输电线路不受山火影响的有效手段。由化学试剂组成的灭火剂的灭火能力和效率较普通水要大得多。另一方面，山火发生地段交通不便，普通运载工具难以靠近火灾现场，以水作为灭火剂的灭火方式需要消耗大量水，不适用于输电线路山火灭火。因此，需要性能优越的输电线路山火灭火剂。
除水外，目前有几类灭火剂，例如泡沫灭火剂、二氧化碳灭火剂、干粉灭火剂等，还有专利CN1162494A公开的内含灭火剂的灭火弹。泡沫灭火剂、二氧化碳灭火剂、干粉灭火剂通常用于室内常规灭火，对于相对较大规模的输电线路山火灭火能力有限。专利CN1162494A是将由47Wt％约饱和量的氯化铵、4-8wt.％的碳酸氢钠、25-35wt.％的碳酸钾、8-14wt.％的磷酸氢二铵和2-6wt.％的钨酸钠组成的药剂混合物溶解于适量水中，并将所得比重为1.2-1.3的灭火溶剂密封于大小适合于手投且受冲击时会破损的树脂材料的薄壁容器内而成。但在多次山火灭火试验中发现，此类灭火弹的山火灭火能力很有限，有时灭火弹甚至难以炸开。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种输电线路山火灭火剂。本发明对火点有较强的扑灭能力，灭火能力强，灭火速度快、效率高，能以少量灭火剂有效扑灭一定面积山火，确保输电线路不受山火影响。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：将23wt.％的氯化钾、52-65wt.％的碳酸铵、12-25wt.％磷酸氢二钠化学固体按先后顺序分别溶于适量水中，得到比重为1.1-1.2的灭火液体，存放于密封、防光的容器中。输电线路山火灭火前，将灭火液体与水按1:20的比例稀释，灌充到细水雾灭火器中，将灭火剂以细水雾状喷向火场进行灭火。
本发明的有益效果是：
（1）灭火能力强、灭火速度快、阻燃性强，对火势较大的山火有较好的扑灭能力；
（2）灭火剂轻便，高效率灭火剂能以少量灭火液体扑灭较大面积山火，减轻灭火人员的负重，使得灭火方式机动能力强。
具体实施方式
实施例1
a、灭火剂的配制
将670-690升去离子水加入容积1000升的配置有搅拌机的溶液反应釜内，在保持常温(20-30℃)的条件下，将76.0kg氯化钾（23wt.％）固体加入反应釜中，启动搅拌待其完全溶解后，将171.0kg碳酸铵(52wt.％)固体加入反应釜中，搅拌完全溶解后，再加入82.0kg磷酸氢二钠(25wt.％)加入反应釜中。完全溶解后，得到比重约为1.1的灭火溶液。再将灭火溶液存放在密闭、防光的瓶中，灭火前将灭火溶液按1:20的比例稀释即得到灭火剂，将灭火剂充灌到细水雾灭火器中，即可进行灭火。
b、灭火试验结果
将普通水、专利CN1162494A产品、本发明试验液分别作为灭火剂，其中专利CN1162494A产品与本发明试验液均与水按1:20比例稀释，灌充到电动式细水雾灭火器中进行灭火试验。燃烧物采用同类型、大小大致相等的干木材块，每块干木材的尺寸是40mm×25mm×240mm，每组20块干木材，井字型堆置。试验条件为微风晴朗天气，预燃烧时间为4分钟，然后采用水、专利CN1162494A产品、本发明试验液三种灭火剂分别进行灭火，试验结果如下表。
表灭火试验结果
灭火试验结果表明，本发明灭火时间短、灭火后不复燃，灭火性能较其他产品有明显的优越性。
实施例2
将碳酸铵和磷酸氢二钠的重量和比重调整为184.0kg碳酸铵(56wt.％)、69.0kg磷酸氢二钠(21wt.％)，其余按照实施例1相同方法进行配制得到。
实施例3
将碳酸铵和磷酸氢二钠的重量和比重调整为207.0kg碳酸铵(63wt.％)、46.0kg磷酸氢二钠(14wt.％)，其余按照实施例1相同方法进行配制得到。

Claims (2)

1.一种输电线路山火灭火剂，其特征是：将23wt.％的氯化钾、52-65wt.％的碳酸铵、12-25wt.％磷酸氢二钠化学固体按先后顺序分别溶于适量水中，得到比重为1.1-1.2的灭火液体，存放于密封、防光的容器中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的输电线路山火灭火剂，其特征是：将灭火液体与水按1:20的比例稀释，灌充到细水雾灭火器中，将灭火剂以细水雾状喷向火场进行灭火。
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CN103933694B (zh) * 2014-05-13 2015-01-07 湖南省湘电试研技术有限公司 输电线路山火快速灭火剂
CN103977527A (zh) * 2014-05-13 2014-08-13 国家电网公司 一种高精度输电线路山火灭火液的生产方法
CN103949032B (zh) * 2014-05-13 2015-06-17 国家电网公司 可降温防复燃输电线路山火灭火剂
CN103977528B (zh) * 2014-05-22 2016-10-05 国家电网公司 一种山火灭火剂
CN104587631A (zh) * 2014-12-26 2015-05-06 国家电网公司 一种抗复燃环保型输电线路山火灭火剂

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