CN103358019A - Laser cutting head - Google Patents
Laser cutting head Download PDFInfo
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- CN103358019A CN103358019A CN2013102863171A CN201310286317A CN103358019A CN 103358019 A CN103358019 A CN 103358019A CN 2013102863171 A CN2013102863171 A CN 2013102863171A CN 201310286317 A CN201310286317 A CN 201310286317A CN 103358019 A CN103358019 A CN 103358019A
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Abstract
The invention provide a laser cutting head, which belongs to the technical field of laser cutting machines, and solves the problem existed in the prior that a laser cutting head can not rotate with multiple degrees of freedom. The laser cutting head comprises a nozzle, a telescopic column, and a telescopic cylinder sleeved on the outside of the telescopic cylinder, wherein an opening I is formed in a lower end surface of the telescopic cylinder; the upper part of the nozzle is hinged to the lower end of the telescopic column; a focusing lens and a laser emitter are arranged in the nozzle; the laser emitter is positioned above the focusing lens; the laser emitter is also connected with a focusing tracking system. The laser cutting head is characterized in that an air cylinder I is fixed with the bottom of the telescopic cylinder; a piston rod of the air cylinder I is vertical down and is fixed with the upper end of the telescopic column. The laser cutting head has the advantages of being able to rotate with multiple degrees of freedom in a 3D space.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the laser cutting machine technical field, relate to a kind of laser cutting head.
Background technology
Laser cutting is exactly that the energy that laser beam irradiation is discharged during to surface of the work melts workpiece and evaporation, to reach the purpose of cutting and engraving, has the precision height, cutting fast, be not limited to the cutting pattern restriction, Automatic Typesetting is saved material, and otch is level and smooth, the characteristics such as processing cost is low, it will improve or be replaced in traditional cutting technique equipment gradually.
Laser cutting machine then is the wherein a kind of modal equipment with laser cutting function.In order to realize that laser cutting machine cuts accurately to workpiece, usually need to adjust the hot spot position that laser penetrates by laser cutting head, thereby workpiece is cut accurately.At present, because laser cutting machine is applied to various field, need to adapt to different steel and tubing, but there are the problems such as the dumb or rotary freedom of rotation is few in the cutting head of the laser cutting machine on the market more.
In the face of the problems referred to above, so, people need to carry out optimal design in the rotation of control laser cutting head multiple degrees of freedom to existing digital control system, the intersection that solves the multiple crossing form of supervisor and some arms from digital control system calculates, finish multiple degrees of freedom rotation control to realize the intersection cutting of supervisor or arm, solution is broken off relations the difficult problem that the existing numerical control laser cutter of large number can not cut arbitrary shape, solves simultaneously the damage problem that causes laser cutting head because of the injustice of cuts sheet material or piping.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to have the problems referred to above for existing technology, proposed a kind of laser cutting head, this laser cutting head has and can carry out the characteristics that multiple degrees of freedom rotates at solid space.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following technical proposal: a kind of laser cutting head, comprise nozzle, the retracting cylinder that telescopic mast is outer with being set in telescopic mast, has opening one on the lower surface of described retracting cylinder, the upper articulation of described nozzle is in the lower end of telescopic mast, be provided with condenser lens and generating laser in the described nozzle, generating laser is in the top of condenser lens, described generating laser also links to each other with a focus tracking system, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described retracting cylinder is fixed with cylinder one, the piston rod of described cylinder one straight down and be fixed on the upper end of telescopic mast, the top of described retracting cylinder is provided with pedestal, be fixed with guide rail on the downside of pedestal, guide rail is provided with the slide block that is complementary with it, and the another side of slide block is fixed on the upper surface of described retracting cylinder, also is provided with cylinder two on the described pedestal, the piston rod of described cylinder two is connected on the described slide block, and described guide rail parallels with the piston rod of described cylinder two; The top of described pedestal also is provided with mount pad, is fixed with motor one on the downside of described mount pad, the output shaft of described motor one straight down and the end be connected on the described pedestal; Also be provided with one in the described telescopic mast and can order about the rotating mechanism that nozzle rotates.
This laser cutting head, its operation principle is such, can realize moving up and down of telescopic mast by cylinder one, thereby makes nozzle can in the vertical direction change the position of nozzle outgoing laser beam; Can realize the horizontal movement of slide block by cylinder two, thereby make nozzle can change in the horizontal direction the position of nozzle outgoing laser beam; Can realize that by motor one pedestal rotates in perpendicular, thereby make nozzle can in horizontal plane, change the position of nozzle outgoing laser beam; Can realize that by motor two nozzle rotates in perpendicular, thereby make nozzle can in perpendicular, change the position of nozzle outgoing laser beam, finally make nozzle towards the location of workpiece of appointment, realize the precise cutting of laser cutting head.
In above-mentioned laser cutting head, described rotating mechanism comprises motor two, driving gear and driven gear, the lower end of above-mentioned telescopic mast offers opening two, and the top of above-mentioned nozzle is in the described opening two, described motor two is fixed on the sidewall of described opening two, described driving gear is fixed on the output shaft of motor two, and described driven gear is fixed on the nozzle, and described driving gear can be meshed with described driven gear.Motor two work can drive driving gear by output shaft and rotate, thereby the driven gear that meshes with driving gear is rotated, and the nozzle of fixing with driven gear is rotated, to realize that nozzle can flexible rotating on telescopic mast.
As another situation, in above-mentioned laser cutting head, described rotating mechanism comprises motor two, the lower end of above-mentioned telescopic mast offers opening two, and the top of above-mentioned nozzle is in the described opening two, described motor two is fixed on the sidewall of described opening two, and the output shaft of described motor two is horizontally disposed with, and the end of output shaft is connected mutually with nozzle.Motor two work, output shaft rotation, thus the nozzle that is connected mutually with output shaft is rotated, to realize that nozzle can flexible rotating on telescopic mast.
In above-mentioned laser cutting head, the V-shaped shape in the cross section of described guide rail, described slide block have the groove that can be complementary with described guide rail; The both sides of described guide rail upper surface also offer two symmetrical recessed shoulders, the cell wall of above-mentioned groove is provided with the lug boss of relative groove projection, and described lug boss can be complementary with described recessed shoulder, and an end of described guide rail is provided with can prevent the slip away stopper of guide rail of limited slip block.With corresponding being encased on the guide rail of slide block, make on the recessed shoulder that is installed to guide rail that two lug bosses on the slide block can be corresponding, this is conducive to be difficult for making the slide block getaway, and guide rail can also play to slide block the effect of support simultaneously.Stopper can stop the slide block guide rail that slips away.
In above-mentioned laser cutting head, also be fixed with hinge bar on the lateral wall of described nozzle, described hinge bar is symmetrical arranged with the above-mentioned relative nozzle of driven gear, offers hinge hole on another sidewall of described opening two, and described hinge bar is plugged in the hinge hole.Hinge bar can rotate in hinge hole, so that hinge bar can rotate along with the rotation of nozzle, this hinge bar can also play the effect of support nozzle in addition.
In above-mentioned laser cutting head, described driving gear is fixed on by flat key on the output shaft of motor, and described driven gear is fixed on the lateral wall of nozzle by the mode of welding.Offer keyway on the output shaft of motor, with driving gear and flat key respectively Matching installation just driving gear can be fixed on the output shaft to the output shaft; Driven gear and nozzle are fixed together, nozzle is rotated along with the rotation of driven gear.
In above-mentioned laser cutting head, described focus tracking system comprises the PLC Programmable Logic Controller, described PLC Programmable Logic Controller has guidance panel and the output port that can be connected with computer, and above-mentioned motor one, motor two, cylinder one and cylinder two all link to each other with described PLC Programmable Logic Controller by circuit.Can be formed by the original light velocity that generating laser penetrates the hot spot of high-energy-density by condenser lens.But by the hot spot of focus tracking system with regard to the ejaculation of locating laser transmitter, so that this hot spot can be mapped on the workpiece accurately.Guidance panel can be used for the shift position of adjusting cylinders piston rod, and to adjust the position of the hot spot that generating laser penetrates, output port can be used for connecting computer, to be used for showing the position of hot spot.
In above-mentioned laser cutting head, described PLC Programmable Logic Controller is fixed on the bottom of above-mentioned retracting cylinder.Have certain space between retracting cylinder and the telescopic mast, to save the installing space of PLC Programmable Logic Controller, make this laser cutting header structure compacter.
In above-mentioned laser cutting head, offer annular groove on the inwall of described nozzle, described condenser lens is connected in the described annular groove.
In above-mentioned laser cutting head, the transmitting terminal of described generating laser is vertically towards above-mentioned condenser lens.Be vertically installed with and be beneficial to the light velocity gathering that generating laser sends.
Compared with prior art, this laser cutting head has the following advantages: the present invention moves up and down by cylinder one control telescopic mast, the horizontal movement of cylinder two control slide blocks, motor one control pedestal rotates in perpendicular, motor two Control Nozzles rotate in perpendicular, finally make the nozzle can be towards the location of workpiece of appointment, the hot spot that nozzle inner laser transmitter is sent corresponds on the workpiece accurately, workpiece is cut, efficient is high, precision is high, speed is fast, and the heat affected area is little, and is not yielding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of rotating mechanism among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of slide block among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of middle guide of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1, nozzle; 2, telescopic mast; 3, retracting cylinder; 4, condenser lens; 5, generating laser; 6, cylinder one; 7, pedestal; 8, guide rail; 8a, recessed shoulder; 9, slide block; 9a, lug boss; 10, cylinder two; 11, mount pad; 12, motor one; 13, motor two; 14, driving gear; 15, driven gear; 16, stopper; 17, hinge bar; 18, PLC Programmable Logic Controller; 18a, guidance panel; 18b, output port.
The specific embodiment
Below be specific embodiments of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention be not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of laser cutting head comprises nozzle 1, telescopic mast 2 and is set in telescopic mast 2 retracting cylinder 3 outward that have opening one on the lower surface of retracting cylinder 3, the upper articulation of nozzle 1 is in the lower end of telescopic mast 2; The bottom of retracting cylinder 3 is fixed with cylinder 1, the piston rod of cylinder 1 straight down and be fixed on the upper end of telescopic mast 2, the top of retracting cylinder 3 is provided with pedestal 7, be fixed with guide rail 8 on the downside of pedestal 7, guide rail 8 is provided with the slide block 9 that is complementary with it, and the another side of slide block 9 is fixed on the upper surface of retracting cylinder 3, also is provided with cylinder 2 10 on the pedestal 7, the piston rod of cylinder 2 10 is connected on the slide block 9, and guide rail 8 parallels with the piston rod of cylinder 2 10; The top of pedestal 7 also is provided with mount pad 11, is fixed with motor 1 on the downside of mount pad 11, the output shaft of motor 1 straight down and the end be connected on the pedestal 7; Also be provided with one in the telescopic mast 2 and can order about the rotating mechanism that nozzle 1 rotates.
As shown in Figure 2, rotating mechanism comprises motor 2 13, driving gear 14 and driven gear 15, the lower end of telescopic mast 2 offers opening two, and the top of nozzle 1 is in the opening two, motor 2 13 is fixed on the sidewall of opening two, driving gear 14 is fixed on the output shaft of motor 2 13, and driven gear 15 is fixed on the nozzle 1, and driving gear 14 can be meshed with driven gear 15.In the present embodiment, driving gear 14 is fixed on by flat key on the output shaft of motor, offers keyway on the output shaft of motor, with driving gear 14 and flat key respectively Matching installation just driving gear 14 can be fixed on the output shaft to the output shaft; Driven gear 15 is fixed on the lateral wall of nozzle 1 by the mode of welding, and driven gear 15 and nozzle 1 are fixed together, and nozzle 1 is rotated along with the rotation of driven gear 15.Motor 2 13 work can drive driving gear 14 by output shaft and rotate, thereby the driven gear 15 that meshes with driving gear 14 is rotated, and the nozzle 1 of fixing with driven gear 15 are rotated, to realize that nozzle 1 can flexible rotating on telescopic mast 2.Also be fixed with hinge bar 17 on the lateral wall of nozzle 1, hinge bar 17 is symmetrical arranged with driven gear 15 relative nozzles 1, offer hinge hole on another sidewall of opening two, hinge bar 17 is plugged in the hinge hole, this hinge bar 17 can rotate in hinge hole, so that hinge bar 17 can rotate along with the rotation of nozzle 1, this hinge bar 17 can also play the effect of support nozzle 1 in addition.
Shown in Fig. 3 and 4, the V-shaped shape in the cross section of guide rail 8, slide block 9 have the groove that can be complementary with guide rail 8; The both sides of guide rail 8 upper surfaces also offer two symmetrical recessed shoulder 8a, the cell wall of groove is provided with the lug boss 9a of relative groove projection, and lug boss 9a can be complementary with recessed shoulder 8a, one end of guide rail 8 is provided with can prevent the slip away stopper 16 of guide rail 8 of limited slip block 9, to stop slide block 9 guide rail 8 that slips away.With being encased on the guide rail 8 of slide block 9 correspondences, make on the recessed shoulder 8a that is installed to guide rail 8 that two lug boss 9a on the slide block 9 can be corresponding, this is conducive to be difficult for making slide block 9 getaways 8, and while guide rail 8 can also play to slide block 9 effect of support.
Specifically, be provided with condenser lens 4 and generating laser 5 in the nozzle 1, generating laser 5 also links to each other with a focus tracking system; This focus tracking system comprises PLC Programmable Logic Controller 18, PLC Programmable Logic Controller 18 has guidance panel 18a and the output port 18b that can be connected with computer, and motor 1, motor 2 13, cylinder 1 and cylinder 2 10 all link to each other with this PLC Programmable Logic Controller 18 by circuit.The original light velocity that is penetrated by generating laser 5 can be formed the hot spot of high-energy-density by condenser lens 4.But by the hot spot of focus tracking system with regard to 5 ejaculations of locating laser transmitter, so that this hot spot can be mapped on the workpiece accurately.Guidance panel 18a can be used for the shift position of adjusting cylinders piston rod, and to adjust the position of the hot spot that generating laser 5 penetrates, output port 18b can be used for connecting computer, to be used for showing the position of hot spot.PLC Programmable Logic Controller 18 is fixed on the bottom of retracting cylinder 3, owing to have certain space between retracting cylinder 3 and the telescopic mast 2, so saved the installing space of PLC Programmable Logic Controller 18, makes this laser cutting header structure compacter.Offer annular groove on the inwall of nozzle 1, condenser lens 4 is connected in this annular groove.Generating laser 5 is in the top of condenser lens 4, and the transmitting terminal of generating laser 5 is vertically installed with and is beneficial to the light velocity gathering that generating laser 5 sends vertically towards condenser lens 4
In the present embodiment, motor 1 and motor 2 13 all are stepper motors, and the accuracy of stepper motor is very high.
This laser cutting head, its operation principle is such, can realize moving up and down of telescopic mast 2 by cylinder 1, thereby makes nozzle 1 can in the vertical direction change the position of nozzle 1 outgoing laser beam; Can realize the horizontal movement of slide block 9 by cylinder 2 10, thereby make nozzle 1 can change in the horizontal direction the position of nozzle 1 outgoing laser beam; Can realize that by motor 1 pedestal 7 rotates in perpendicular, thereby make nozzle 1 can in horizontal plane, change the position of nozzle 1 outgoing laser beam; Can realize that by motor 2 13 nozzle 1 rotates in perpendicular, thereby make nozzle 1 can in perpendicular, change the position of nozzle 1 outgoing laser beam, finally make nozzle 1 towards the location of workpiece of appointment, realize the precise cutting of laser cutting head.
Embodiment two
Present embodiment is basic identical with structure and the principle of embodiment one, and different place is: in embodiment one, rotating mechanism comprises motor 2 13, driving gear 14 and driven gear 15; And in present embodiment two, rotating mechanism comprises motor 2 13, and motor 2 13 is fixed on the sidewall of telescopic mast 2 upper sheds two, and the output shaft of motor 2 13 is horizontally disposed with, and the end of output shaft is connected mutually with nozzle 1.Motor 2 13 work, output shaft rotation, thus the nozzle 1 that is connected mutually with output shaft is rotated, realize that finally nozzle 1 can flexible rotating on telescopic mast 2.
Specific embodiment described herein only is to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or replenish or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has more used 1, nozzle; 2, telescopic mast; 3, retracting cylinder; 4, condenser lens; 5, generating laser; 6, cylinder one; 7, pedestal; 8, guide rail; 8a, recessed shoulder; 9, slide block; 9a, lug boss; 10, cylinder two; 11, mount pad; 12, motor one; 13, motor two; 14, driving gear; 15, driven gear; 16, stopper; 17, hinge bar; 18, PLC Programmable Logic Controller; 18a, guidance panel; The term such as 18b, output port, but do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe more easily and explain essence of the present invention; They are construed to any additional restriction all is contrary with spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. laser cutting head, comprise nozzle (1), telescopic mast (2) and be set in the outer retracting cylinder (3) of telescopic mast (2), has opening one on the lower surface of described retracting cylinder (3), the upper articulation of described nozzle (1) is in the lower end of telescopic mast (2), be provided with condenser lens (4) and generating laser (5) in the described nozzle (1), generating laser (5) is in the top of condenser lens (4), described generating laser (5) also links to each other with a focus tracking system, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described retracting cylinder (3) is fixed with cylinder one (6), the piston rod of described cylinder one (6) straight down and be fixed on the upper end of telescopic mast (2), the top of described retracting cylinder (3) is provided with pedestal (7), be fixed with guide rail (8) on the downside of pedestal (7), guide rail (8) is provided with the slide block (9) that is complementary with it, the another side of slide block (9) is fixed on the upper surface of described retracting cylinder (3), also be provided with cylinder two (10) on the described pedestal (7), the piston rod of described cylinder two (10) is connected on the described slide block (9), and described guide rail (8) parallels with the piston rod of described cylinder two (10); The top of described pedestal (7) also is provided with mount pad (11), is fixed with motor one (12) on the downside of described mount pad (11), the output shaft of described motor one (12) straight down and the end be connected on the described pedestal (7); Also be provided with one in the described telescopic mast (2) and can order about the rotating mechanism that nozzle (1) rotates.
2. laser cutting head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rotating mechanism comprises motor two (13), driving gear (14) and driven gear (15), the lower end of above-mentioned telescopic mast (2) offers opening two, and the top of above-mentioned nozzle (1) is in the described opening two, described motor two (13) is fixed on the sidewall of described opening two, described driving gear (14) is fixed on the output shaft of motor two (13), described driven gear (15) is fixed on the nozzle (1), and described driving gear (14) can be meshed with described driven gear (15).
3. laser cutting head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rotating mechanism comprises motor two (13), the lower end of above-mentioned telescopic mast (2) offers opening two, and the top of above-mentioned nozzle (1) is in the described opening two, described motor two (13) is fixed on the sidewall of described opening two, and the output shaft of described motor two (13) is horizontally disposed with, and the end of output shaft is connected mutually with nozzle (1).
4. laser cutting head according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the V-shaped shape in cross section of described guide rail (8), described slide block (9) have the groove that can be complementary with described guide rail (8); The both sides of described guide rail (8) upper surface also offer two symmetrical recessed shoulders (8a), the cell wall of above-mentioned groove is provided with the lug boss (9a) of relative groove projection, and described lug boss (9a) can be complementary with described recessed shoulder (8a), and an end of described guide rail (8) is provided with can prevent the slip away stopper (16) of guide rail (8) of limited slip block (9).
5. laser cutting head according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, also be fixed with hinge bar (17) on the lateral wall of described nozzle (1), described hinge bar (17) is symmetrical arranged with the above-mentioned relative nozzle of driven gear (15) (1), offer hinge hole on another sidewall of described opening two, described hinge bar (17) is plugged in the hinge hole.
6. laser cutting head according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described driving gear (14) is fixed on by flat key on the output shaft of motor, and described driven gear (15) is fixed on the lateral wall of nozzle (1) by the mode of welding.
7. laser cutting head according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described focus tracking system comprises PLC Programmable Logic Controller (18), described PLC Programmable Logic Controller (18) has guidance panel (18a) and the output port (18b) that can be connected with computer, and above-mentioned motor one (12), motor two (13), cylinder one (6) and cylinder two (10) all link to each other with described PLC Programmable Logic Controller (18) by circuit.
8. laser cutting head according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described PLC Programmable Logic Controller (18) is fixed on the bottom of above-mentioned retracting cylinder (3).
9. laser cutting head according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, offers annular groove on the inwall of described nozzle (1), and described condenser lens (4) is connected in the described annular groove.
10. laser cutting head according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the transmitting terminal of described generating laser (5) is vertically towards above-mentioned condenser lens (4).
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| CN201310286317.1A CN103358019B (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | A kind of laser cutting head |
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| CN201310286317.1A CN103358019B (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | A kind of laser cutting head |
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| CN103358019B CN103358019B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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| CN104476212A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-04-01 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | Cutting system of numerical control cutting machine |
| CN104625424A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Internal combustion engine cylinder body inner wall laser etching device |
| CN106112258A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州市华宁机械制造有限公司 | A kind of laser cutting injection nozzle polar coordinate motion |
| CN106112275A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州市华宁机械制造有限公司 | A kind of laser cutting injection nozzle tumbler |
| CN107486636A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-19 | 江苏立典激光科技有限公司 | A kind of carbon dioxide laser cutting machine |
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| CN104439517A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | Numerical control cutting machine |
| CN104476212A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-04-01 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | Cutting system of numerical control cutting machine |
| CN104625424A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Internal combustion engine cylinder body inner wall laser etching device |
| CN106112258A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州市华宁机械制造有限公司 | A kind of laser cutting injection nozzle polar coordinate motion |
| CN106112275A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州市华宁机械制造有限公司 | A kind of laser cutting injection nozzle tumbler |
| CN107486636A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-19 | 江苏立典激光科技有限公司 | A kind of carbon dioxide laser cutting machine |
| CN107931831A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-04-20 | 陈光才 | One kind uses laser-engraving technique engraving equipment |
| CN108247217A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽银立方金属科技有限公司 | A kind of optical-fiber laser cutting machine |
| CN109108490A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-01 | 黎盆兄 | A kind of polar coordinates type precise laser cutting equipment |
| CN109014619A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2018-12-18 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of laser cutting device |
| CN110814532A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-21 | 杭州海容激光技术有限公司 | Self-adaptive focusing cutting head for optical fiber laser cutting machine |
| CN111421243A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-17 | 芜湖职业技术学院 | Laser cutting device that multi-angle was adjusted |
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