CN103348840A - Angelica dahurica planting method - Google Patents
Angelica dahurica planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103348840A CN103348840A CN2013102300468A CN201310230046A CN103348840A CN 103348840 A CN103348840 A CN 103348840A CN 2013102300468 A CN2013102300468 A CN 2013102300468A CN 201310230046 A CN201310230046 A CN 201310230046A CN 103348840 A CN103348840 A CN 103348840A
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Abstract
The invention provides an angelica dahurica planting method. The method comprises the following steps: soil preparation, sowing, field management, pest prevention, harvesting, processing, seed reserving for planting and the others. According the method, during sowing, a planting matrix is used for cave filling, plant ash is adopted to cover the matrix, and then a piece of crape covers the matrix, so that the germination rate is higher, the pest diseases are few, the planted angelica dahurica is high in organic selenium content, and the average yield of the angelica dahurica can reach 570.8 kg, the quality of the angelica dahurica is obviously improved, and angelica dahurica with top quality can reach 40 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Chinese herbal medicine field of planting, be specifically related to a kind of implantation methods of the root of Dahurain angelica.
Background technology
The root of Dahurain angelica has and dispels the wind, eliminating dampness, detumescence, the effect of pain relieving.Be used for controlling headache, pain in the supra-orbital bone, dentalgia, nasosinusitis, cold-dampness stomachache, intestines wind anal fistula, leukorrhea with reddish discharge, ulcer sores, skin is dry itches, and mange etc. disease also can be made spices.
The root of Dahurain angelica all has distribution at China's most areas, and its scope is about north latitude 20-55 °, and east is directly between 100-145 °.Weather conditions are required not strict, concentrate that to be distributed in warmer climate moistening, sunny, rainfall is abundant, loosing soil, deep, fertile, well-drained area, and the area, Bozhou is the farmland, Plain, suitable root of Dahurain angelica cultivation.Existing culture technique, germination rate is low, the commodity average yield is low, and the commodity factor of merit is low.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of root of Dahurain angelica implantation methods, the inventive method plantation root of Dahurain angelica, the commodity average yield of the root of Dahurain angelica is high, and the commodity factor of merit improves, and organic selenium content is high.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of implantation methods of the root of Dahurain angelica is characterized in that, specifically may further comprise the steps:
A, whole ground, sowing
(1) choose seeds and wait to broadcast: in the Limit of Heat before the Autumnal Equinox, at the beginning of being early August to 9 month, select the new seed of receiving then to make breeding seed, before the sowing seed is placed in the 40-45 ℃ of warm water, soaked 4-5 hour, and then processed 5-10 minute with ultrasonic echography, used hyperacoustic frequency is 35KHz, ultrasonic power 500 W, then take out seed and drain, wait to broadcast;
(2) the whole ground of selection of land: select fertile soil, the farming layer depth, the soil is porous, well-drained sandy loam is ploughed, and in time ploughs deeply, and turns over dark 32-34cm, tan by the sun after 2-3 days and turn over again once, execute farmyard manure 2 000-3 000 kg, join and execute 50 kg superphosphate for every mu, then the thin leveling of rake, make wide 100~200 cm, the high furrow of high 16~20 cm, the planting matrix of tiling 5-8cm on the furrow face, the furrow face should be smooth, furrow furrow width 26~33 cm;
(3) sowing: the root of Dahurain angelica should be live, bunch planting and drilling all can, broadcast water in the front furrow permeable, until water ooze lower after, begin sowing, bunch planting is opened the sowing cave that some degree of depth are 10-15cm by line-spacing 30-35cm, spacing in the rows 16-20cm on the furrow face that above-mentioned steps (2) is put in order, fill up planting matrix in the described sowing cave: the composition ingredients weight parts of planting matrix is: 70-80 sawdust, 10-15 vermiculite power, 0.7-0.8 sodium selenite, 5-10 rock phosphate and 10-15 ash; Then seed is sprinkled into equably in the sowing cave, each sowing is put into 10-12 grain seed in cave, is covered ash, crape on covering; Broadcast rear water and water, the method for watering or covering grass often keeps ground moistening, broadcasts rear 10-20 days and emerges;
B, field management
(1) thinning is behind seed sprouting, during the height of seedling 3cm left and right sides, carry out the thinning first time, seedling 5~7 strains are stayed in every cave, carry out the thinning second time during height of seedling 10 cm left and right sides, seedling 4~5 strains are stayed in every cave, drilling every 7~9 cm seedling 1 strain of selecting and remain, the petiole of selecting and remain during thinning is violaceous seedling, all seedling petioles are bluish white or yellow green, blade concentrates on the seedling of top over growth, future is the meeting Blooming often, cause root hollow, should pull out without exception, late Febuary early spring next year is carried out final singling, every cave final singling 3 strains of bunch planting, drilling by spacing in the rows 10~15 cm final singlings 2 strains;
(2) all should be in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage during the each thinning of intertill and clean tillage, when treating height of seedling 3 cm for the first time with the hand-lifting grass, shallow pine table soil only, can not be excessively dark, otherwise main root is not pricked downwards, and the fork root is many, affects quality, weeding when treating height of seedling 6~10 cm for the second time, intertillage is slightly dark, when final singling, weeds with a hoe and will thoroughly extirpate weeds for the third time, the later plant envelope ridge of growing up can not be gone intertill and clean tillage again;
(3) fertilising
The root of Dahurain angelica topdresses in that should lack then should be thin, in order to avoid plant excessive growth, early bolting is bloomed, and dressing fertilizer is 1~2 time before the sowing Second Year plant envelope ridge, carries out every mu of topdressing amount cake fertilizer 150~200 kg, or slow-release phosphate fertilizer in conjunction with thinning with when intertilling;
(4) irrigation and drainage root of Dahurain angelica happiness water, but fearness ponding, after planting, should water immediately such as antecedent soil moisture, as without the rainy day, just should water once every several days later on, the front furrow face that keeps coming up is moistening, so just be beneficial to and emerge, also should keep ground moistening seedling stage, in case yellow leaf occurs, produce more lateral root, to water once permeablely before the Overwintering Seedlings, can cooperate when topdressing pouring after spring next year, especially more should keep the hot summer days moisture sufficient, such as rainy season, field ponding should in time dig trenches to drain the water away, in case the mashed root of ponding and disease occur;
C, the extermination of disease and insect pest
The disease of the root of herbaceous peony mainly contains root rot, ring spot, spot stripe, the Scarabaeiform that all sprouts, cutworm, red spider moth, and the method for preventing and treating is wiped out and treated insect pests and plant diseases according to a conventional method;
D, the processing of gathering
About 1 year of root of Dahurain angelica seed sowing just can gather, and generally earth and terrestrial stem are removed in digging about late July or mid-August, wash, grade by size level, after drying or drying dried commodity;
E, reserve seed for planting
Reserve seed for planting and select straight, the medium sized root without damage by disease and insect of main root to make kind of a root, plant left to run to seed was pruned plant left to run to seed in late May, stayed main branch, wipe out three grades of branches and terminal inflorescence, it is high to be convenient to the major branch maturity, and plumpness is good, gathers by stages and in groups when seed is ripe successively after July, collecting method is when treating that seed becomes yellow green, select the seed of tying on the side shoot, cut kind of a fringe in batches, hang the ventilation and dry in the shade, rub gently lower seed with the hands, the rearmounted aeration-drying place storage of impurity elimination.
The implantation methods of the described root of Dahurain angelica is characterized in that: the preparation method of step (2), (3) described planting matrix is:
Be that 0. 5~1 ‰ potassium permanganate solution soaked sawdust 2-3 hour with concentration, pull out, again with sawdust, vermiculite power, sodium selenite, rock phosphate, ash by weight 70-80:10-15:0.7-0.8:5-10:10-15, mixing namely gets planting matrix.
The implantation methods of the described root of Dahurain angelica is characterized in that: the described slow-release phosphate fertilizer of step (3) prepares by the following method:
(1) take by weighing vermiculite power and medical stone powder, the part by weight of the two is 1:2-3;
(2) vermiculite power is mixed with medical stone powder, add again and be equivalent to medical stone powder weight 3-4 used oil doubly, the ammonium sulfate of the ethylene bis stearic acid amide of 2-3%, 0.5-1.0% fatty glyceride, 3-4%, 3-5% aluminium hydroxide, high speed 2000-2500 rev/min of stirring obtains disperse phase;
(3) disperse phase is sprayed on the biphosphate k particle by high pressure nozzle, makes it to stick the humus powder when round shaped grain rolls through rocking bed again, dry to get finished product through 60-70 ℃ again.
Advantage of the present invention:
Adopt emerge in worm water during the seed preliminary treatment, and ultrasonic seed soaking, seed soaking time shortened, by original 10 hours, shortening will improve operating efficiency for 4-5 hour, adopt planting matrix to fill out the cave during sowing, ash covers, on covering crape, emergence rate is high like this, and damage by disease and insect occurs to lack; Gained root of Dahurain angelica organic selenium content is high, and the commodity per mu yield reaches 570.8 kilograms, and the commodity factor of merit obviously improves, and Grade A reaches 40%.
Embodiment
A kind of implantation methods of the root of Dahurain angelica specifically may further comprise the steps:
A, whole ground, sowing
(1) choose seeds and wait to broadcast: in the Limit of Heat before the Autumnal Equinox, at the beginning of being early August to 9 month, select the new seed of receiving then to make breeding seed, before the sowing seed is placed in 45 ℃ of warm water, soaked 4-5 hour, and then processed 8 minutes with ultrasonic echography, used hyperacoustic frequency is 35KHz, ultrasonic power 500 W, then take out seed and drain, wait to broadcast;
(2) the whole ground of selection of land: select fertile soil, the farming layer depth, the soil is porous, well-drained sandy loam is ploughed, and in time ploughs deeply, and turns over dark 32-34cm, tan by the sun after 2-3 days and turn over again once, execute farmyard manure 2 000-3 000 kg, join and execute 50 kg superphosphate for every mu, then the thin leveling of rake, make wide 50cm, the high furrow of high 18m, the planting matrix of tiling 7cm on the furrow face, the furrow face should be smooth, furrow furrow width 30cm;
(3) sowing: the root of Dahurain angelica should be live, bunch planting and drilling all can, broadcast water in the front furrow permeable, until water ooze lower after, begin sowing, bunch planting is opened the sowing cave that some degree of depth are 14cm by line-spacing 33cm, spacing in the rows 18cm on the furrow face that above-mentioned steps (2) is put in order, fill up planting matrix in the described sowing cave: the composition composition weight (kg) of planting matrix is: sawdust 75, vermiculite power 12, sodium selenite 0.7, rock phosphate 8 and ash 12; Then seed is sprinkled into equably in the sowing cave, each sowing is put into 10 seeds in cave, is covered ash, crape on covering; Broadcast rear water and water, the method for watering or covering grass often keeps ground moistening, broadcasts rear 10-20 days and emerges;
B, field management
(1) thinning is behind seed sprouting, during the height of seedling 3cm left and right sides, carry out the thinning first time, seedling 5~7 strains are stayed in every cave, carry out the thinning second time during height of seedling 10 cm left and right sides, seedling 4~5 strains are stayed in every cave, drilling every 7~9 cm seedling 1 strain of selecting and remain, the petiole of selecting and remain during thinning is violaceous seedling, all seedling petioles are bluish white or yellow green, blade concentrates on the seedling of top over growth, future is the meeting Blooming often, cause root hollow, should pull out without exception, late Febuary early spring next year is carried out final singling, every cave final singling 3 strains of bunch planting, drilling by spacing in the rows 10~15 cm final singlings 2 strains;
(2) all should be in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage during the each thinning of intertill and clean tillage, when treating height of seedling 3 cm for the first time with the hand-lifting grass, shallow pine table soil only, can not be excessively dark, otherwise main root is not pricked downwards, and the fork root is many, affects quality, weeding when treating height of seedling 6~10 cm for the second time, intertillage is slightly dark, when final singling, weeds with a hoe and will thoroughly extirpate weeds for the third time, the later plant envelope ridge of growing up can not be gone intertill and clean tillage again;
(3) fertilising
The root of Dahurain angelica topdresses in that should lack then should be thin, in order to avoid plant excessive growth, early bolting is bloomed, and dressing fertilizer is 1~2 time before the sowing Second Year plant envelope ridge, carries out every mu of topdressing amount cake fertilizer 180kg, or slow-release phosphate fertilizer in conjunction with thinning with when intertilling;
(4) irrigation and drainage root of Dahurain angelica happiness water, but fearness ponding, after planting, should water immediately such as antecedent soil moisture, as without the rainy day, just should water once every several days later on, the front furrow face that keeps coming up is moistening, so just be beneficial to and emerge, also should keep ground moistening seedling stage, in case yellow leaf occurs, produce more lateral root, to water once permeablely before the Overwintering Seedlings, can cooperate when topdressing pouring after spring next year, especially more should keep the hot summer days moisture sufficient, such as rainy season, field ponding should in time dig trenches to drain the water away, in case the mashed root of ponding and disease occur;
C, the extermination of disease and insect pest
The disease of the root of herbaceous peony mainly contains root rot, ring spot, spot stripe, the Scarabaeiform that all sprouts, cutworm, red spider moth, and the method for preventing and treating is wiped out and treated insect pests and plant diseases according to a conventional method;
D, the processing of gathering
About 1 year of root of Dahurain angelica seed sowing just can gather, and generally earth and terrestrial stem are removed in digging about late July or mid-August, wash, grade by size level, after drying or drying dried commodity;
E, reserve seed for planting
Reserve seed for planting and select straight, the medium sized root without damage by disease and insect of main root to make kind of a root, plant left to run to seed was pruned plant left to run to seed in late May, stayed main branch, wipe out three grades of branches and terminal inflorescence, it is high to be convenient to the major branch maturity, and plumpness is good, gathers by stages and in groups when seed is ripe successively after July, collecting method is when treating that seed becomes yellow green, select the seed of tying on the side shoot, cut kind of a fringe in batches, hang the ventilation and dry in the shade, rub gently lower seed with the hands, the rearmounted aeration-drying place storage of impurity elimination.
The preparation method of step (2), (3) described planting matrix is:
Be that 0.8 ‰ potassium permanganate solution soaked sawdust 3 hours with concentration, pull out, again with sawdust, vermiculite power, sodium selenite, rock phosphate, ash by weight 75:12:0.8:8:13, mixing namely gets planting matrix.
The described slow-release phosphate fertilizer of step (3) prepares by the following method:
(1) take by weighing vermiculite power and medical stone powder, the part by weight of the two is 1:2;
(2) vermiculite power is mixed with medical stone powder, add again the used oil that is equivalent to 3 times of medical stone powder weight, 2% ethylene bis stearic acid amide, 0.8% fatty glyceride, 4% ammonium sulfate, 4% aluminium hydroxide, high speed 2000-2500 rev/min of stirring obtains disperse phase;
(3) disperse phase is sprayed on the biphosphate k particle by high pressure nozzle, makes it to stick the humus powder when round shaped grain rolls through rocking bed again, dry to get finished product through 65 ℃ again.
Claims (3)
1. the implantation methods of a root of Dahurain angelica is characterized in that, specifically may further comprise the steps:
A, whole ground, sowing
(1) choose seeds and wait to broadcast: in the Limit of Heat before the Autumnal Equinox, at the beginning of being early August to 9 month, select the new seed of receiving then to make breeding seed, before the sowing seed is placed in the 40-45 ℃ of warm water, soaked 4-5 hour, and then processed 5-10 minute with ultrasonic echography, used hyperacoustic frequency is 35KHz, ultrasonic power 500 W, then take out seed and drain, wait to broadcast;
(2) the whole ground of selection of land: select fertile soil, the farming layer depth, the soil is porous, well-drained sandy loam is ploughed, and in time ploughs deeply, and turns over dark 32-34cm, tan by the sun after 2-3 days and turn over again once, execute farmyard manure 2 000-3 000 kg, join and execute 50 kg superphosphate for every mu, then the thin leveling of rake, make wide 100~200 cm, the high furrow of high 16~20 cm, the planting matrix of tiling 5-8cm on the furrow face, the furrow face should be smooth, furrow furrow width 26~33 cm;
(3) sowing: the root of Dahurain angelica should be live, bunch planting and drilling all can, broadcast water in the front furrow permeable, until water ooze lower after, begin sowing, bunch planting is opened the sowing cave that some degree of depth are 10-15cm by line-spacing 30-35cm, spacing in the rows 16-20cm on the furrow face that above-mentioned steps (2) is put in order, fill up planting matrix in the described sowing cave: the composition ingredients weight parts of planting matrix is: 70-80 sawdust, 10-15 vermiculite power, 0.7-0.8 sodium selenite, 5-10 rock phosphate and 10-15 ash; Then seed is sprinkled into equably in the sowing cave, each sowing is put into 10-12 grain seed in cave, is covered ash, crape on covering; Broadcast rear water and water, the method for watering or covering grass often keeps ground moistening, broadcasts rear 10-20 days and emerges;
B, field management
(1) thinning is behind seed sprouting, during the height of seedling 3cm left and right sides, carry out the thinning first time, seedling 5~7 strains are stayed in every cave, carry out the thinning second time during height of seedling 10 cm left and right sides, seedling 4~5 strains are stayed in every cave, drilling every 7~9 cm seedling 1 strain of selecting and remain, the petiole of selecting and remain during thinning is violaceous seedling, all seedling petioles are bluish white or yellow green, blade concentrates on the seedling of top over growth, future is the meeting Blooming often, cause root hollow, should pull out without exception, late Febuary early spring next year is carried out final singling, every cave final singling 3 strains of bunch planting, drilling by spacing in the rows 10~15 cm final singlings 2 strains;
(2) all should be in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage during the each thinning of intertill and clean tillage, when treating height of seedling 3 cm for the first time with the hand-lifting grass, shallow pine table soil only, can not be excessively dark, otherwise main root is not pricked downwards, and the fork root is many, affects quality, weeding when treating height of seedling 6~10 cm for the second time, intertillage is slightly dark, when final singling, weeds with a hoe and will thoroughly extirpate weeds for the third time, the later plant envelope ridge of growing up can not be gone intertill and clean tillage again;
(3) fertilising
The root of Dahurain angelica topdresses in that should lack then should be thin, in order to avoid plant excessive growth, early bolting is bloomed, and dressing fertilizer is 1~2 time before the sowing Second Year plant envelope ridge, carries out every mu of topdressing amount cake fertilizer 150~200 kg, or slow-release phosphate fertilizer in conjunction with thinning with when intertilling;
(4) irrigation and drainage root of Dahurain angelica happiness water, but fearness ponding, after planting, should water immediately such as antecedent soil moisture, as without the rainy day, just should water once every several days later on, the front furrow face that keeps coming up is moistening, so just be beneficial to and emerge, also should keep ground moistening seedling stage, in case yellow leaf occurs, produce more lateral root, to water once permeablely before the Overwintering Seedlings, can cooperate when topdressing pouring after spring next year, especially more should keep the hot summer days moisture sufficient, such as rainy season, field ponding should in time dig trenches to drain the water away, in case the mashed root of ponding and disease occur;
C, the extermination of disease and insect pest
The disease of the root of herbaceous peony mainly contains root rot, ring spot, spot stripe, the Scarabaeiform that all sprouts, cutworm, red spider moth, and the method for preventing and treating is wiped out and treated insect pests and plant diseases according to a conventional method;
D, the processing of gathering
About 1 year of root of Dahurain angelica seed sowing just can gather, and generally earth and terrestrial stem are removed in digging about late July or mid-August, wash, grade by size level, after drying or drying dried commodity;
E, reserve seed for planting
Reserve seed for planting and select straight, the medium sized root without damage by disease and insect of main root to make kind of a root, plant left to run to seed was pruned plant left to run to seed in late May, stayed main branch, wipe out three grades of branches and terminal inflorescence, it is high to be convenient to the major branch maturity, and plumpness is good, gathers by stages and in groups when seed is ripe successively after July, collecting method is when treating that seed becomes yellow green, select the seed of tying on the side shoot, cut kind of a fringe in batches, hang the ventilation and dry in the shade, rub gently lower seed with the hands, the rearmounted aeration-drying place storage of impurity elimination.
2. the implantation methods of the root of Dahurain angelica according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of step (2), (3) described planting matrix is:
Be that 0. 5~1 ‰ potassium permanganate solution soaked sawdust 2-3 hour with concentration, pull out, again with sawdust, vermiculite power, sodium selenite, rock phosphate, ash by weight 70-80:10-15:0.7-0.8:5-10:10-15, mixing namely gets planting matrix.
3. the implantation methods of the root of Dahurain angelica according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described slow-release phosphate fertilizer of step (3) prepares by the following method:
(1) take by weighing vermiculite power and medical stone powder, the part by weight of the two is 1:2-3;
(2) vermiculite power is mixed with medical stone powder, add again and be equivalent to medical stone powder weight 3-4 used oil doubly, the ammonium sulfate of the ethylene bis stearic acid amide of 2-3%, 0.5-1.0% fatty glyceride, 3-4%, 3-5% aluminium hydroxide, high speed 2000-2500 rev/min of stirring obtains disperse phase;
(3) disperse phase is sprayed on the biphosphate k particle by high pressure nozzle, makes it to stick the humus powder when round shaped grain rolls through rocking bed again, dry to get finished product through 60-70 ℃ again.
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