CN103337041A - System for intelligent decision-making of concrete dam pouring construction based on knowledge engineering and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for intelligent decision-making of concrete dam pouring construction based on knowledge engineering. The system comprises an engineering information base, a construction rule base, an intelligent reasoning system and a function module system. The system for intelligent decision-making of concrete dam pouring construction based on knowledge engineering, and the method for intelligent decision-making of concrete dam pouring construction based on knowledge engineering, both created by the invention, can realize management and decision-making of concrete dam pouring construction through the application of the methods such as knowledge representation, knowledge acquisition and knowledge reasoning of the knowledge engineering and the intelligent reasoning system, with the premise that the technology specification and requirement of concrete dam pouring construction are complied.

Description

Concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system and the method thereof of KBE

Technical field

The invention belongs to the hydroelectric project construction field, be specifically related to a kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system and method for KBE.

Background technology

Concrete dam is one of water conservancy and hydropower hinge two big dam types, has many-sided comprehensive advantage, is widely used in the Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction.Concreting is that concrete dam is built core content and the key link in the work progress, and all there is significant impact in construction speed, construction quality and the construction cost of whole engineering.How to realize that efficient management and science decision in the concrete dam pouring construction are the key issues that guarantees that the concrete dam engineering is built smoothly.

The key problem of concrete dam pouring construction management and decision-making is according to engineering construction construction target, concrete condition and integrated condition according to the engineering construction scene, by all kinds of construction reasonable resources are disposed and scheduling, under the prerequisite that guarantees construction quality, accelerating construction progress, reduction construction cost.Comprehensive coordination and the processing of a plurality of problems such as the position in storehouse layout in the concrete dam pouring work progress, mechanical scheduling, plan-validation, progress simulation, the plan of getting the raw materials ready, grouting plan, water flowing scheme contained in the field management of concrete dam pouring construction and decision-making.

The influence factor of concrete dam pouring construction totally can be divided into external factor and two aspects of internal factor.For the concrete dam pouring construction link, external factor can be considered uncontrollable factor, and internal factor then is considered as controllable factor.External factor mainly comprises outside construction environments such as hydrologic condition, meteorological condition and electric power supply, expropriation of land immigrant, geologic hazard.Internal factor mainly comprises aspects such as dam body construction technical requirement, sandstone production system performance, concrete mixing system performance, concrete transportation system performance.These factors influence each other and restrict, and the part factor has features such as dynamic and uncertainty.Therefore, existing qualitative analysis work has quantitative evaluation work again in concrete dam pouring construction management and the decision process, has higher difficulty and complexity.

In present concrete dam pouring construction site management work, main personal experience and the professional ability that relies on the construction management personnel, all kinds of construction resources are dispatched, and the relevant issues in mainly by means of manual type concrete dam pouring being constructed manage and make a strategic decision.But in the face of complicated problems like this, particularly in large-scale concrete dam pouring construction, position in storehouse is many, equipment is many, influence factor is many, and the mode of labor management and decision-making can be dispatched situation improperly because of the inconsiderate working-yard that takes place unavoidably, has a negative impact.Little progress, the increase cost of then influencing greatly then causes quality problems even security incident.Therefore, how to improve science and the rationality of concrete dam pouring construction, improve decision-making level and the efficiency of management, become and improve the concrete dam its construction level, further bring into play the important step of concrete dam advantage.

Be accompanied by continuous development and the application of other subjects theory, method, technology, the operating technique of concrete dam and construction management level have all obtained corresponding raising.Infotech is exactly importance wherein, and the application of related information technology such as database, computer network, infosystem has been brought into play important castering action for the operating technique level and the efficiency of management that improve concrete dam.

But, as mentioned above, the concrete dam pouring construction management has quantitative evaluation work again with the existing qualitative analysis work of decision-making, integrate decision making under certainty and uncertainty is made a strategic decision, it is the decision making package process of a comprehensive application technology rule, rules standard, expertise, be the intelligent inference process of a complexity, except using routine techniques and method, being bound to need be by means of correlation theory and the method for artificial intelligence field.Integrated application infotech and artificial intelligence approach are set up the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system with intelligent inference ability, could solve concrete dam pouring construction management and decision problem effectively, improve its scientific level and efficient, at utmost bring into play the comprehensive advantage of concrete dam, for relevant industries and department bring desirable comprehensive benefit.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has pushed management and the decision-making work of concrete dam pouring construction to intelligent pattern from traditional mode, not only be conducive to increase work efficiency, more be conducive to overcome labor management and the contingent mistake of decision-making or impropriety in the traditional mode, rationalization level and scientific degree have been improved effectively, the management level of concrete dam pouring construction have been guaranteed, improve construction quality, accelerated construction speed, improved the comprehensive benefit of relevant industries and department, will play a significant role for the comprehensive advantage of bringing into play the concrete dam dam type.

The technical solution used in the present invention:

A kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE, this system comprises engineering information storehouse, construction rule base, intelligent inference system and functional module system; The engineering information storehouse comprises the data of arrangement and method for construction information, working-yard information and three aspects of dam body model information, and the engineering information storehouse provides comprehensive basic data support for system's operation; The construction rule base then is responsible for expertise in correlation technique standard, technical requirement and the industry of storage and management concrete dam pouring construction and the rule knowledge of other concrete dam pouring construction; The intelligent inference system simulation mankind's thought process is the reasoning foundation with the rule in the construction rule base, according to the related data in the engineering information storehouse, and based on data, the conclusion that reasoning obtains being correlated with or constructing operation; The functional module system comprises position in storehouse layout module, mechanical scheduler module, plan-validation module, progress analog module, the schedule module of getting the raw materials ready, grouting schedule module and water flowing scheme module.

Above-mentioned engineering information storehouse specifically comprises construction environment characteristic parameter, dam structure characteristic parameter, construction machinery characteristic parameter, construction technical requirement parameter, material parameter, arrangement and method for construction parameter and engineering construction parameter.

Above-mentioned construction environment characteristic parameter comprises rainfall amount, snowfall, water temperature and flow; The dam structure characteristic parameter comprises monolith structural parameters, position in storehouse spatial parameter, hole spatial parameter and concrete performance parameter; The construction machinery characteristic parameter comprises space orientation, serviceability, operation characteristic and the working range of concrete warehousing construction machinery; The construction technical requirement parameter comprises the restriction of the dam concrete pouring construction discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval restriction and temperature control parameter; The material parameter comprises dam concrete match ratio, sandstone production and storage system and concrete storage system; The arrangement and method for construction parameter comprises concreting schedule requirement, mechanical layout and special technical requirement; The engineering construction parameter comprises the building position in storehouse, be in the milk/the water flowing position of concrete dam pouring working-yard, the mechanical current location of respectively putting in storage.

Above-mentioned construction rule base comprises that specifically the technical requirement of dam concrete mix, concrete transportation technology require, dam concrete is built rule, rule and dam body joint grouting rule are cooled off in the concrete water flowing.

Above-mentioned dam concrete mix technical requirement comprises that concrete type, refrigeration require and duration of mixing; The concrete transportation technology requires to comprise that free falling height, transhipment number of times and the haulage time dam concrete in the transportation build rule and comprise discrepancy in elevation restriction, quiescent interval and curing time in the concreting process; Concrete water flowing cooling rule comprises beginning and ending time, trigger condition, water temperature and the flow of dam concrete water flowing; Dam body joint grouting rule comprises dam concrete match ratio, sandstone production and storage system and concrete storage system; The arrangement and method for construction parameter comprises start time, trigger condition and the grouting zone of dam body joint grouting.

A kind of decision-making technique of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE, it comprises the steps:

(1) conventionally form is represented the extraction of prerequisite and the conclusion of knowledge,

In present concrete dam pouring construction management and decision process, discrepancy in elevation restriction, the restriction of the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, the restriction of interlayer quiescent interval, meteorological condition restriction, adjacent position in storehouse construction these restrictions of constraint and constraint condition before and after whether a certain position in storehouse concrete can build and need to satisfy; When all preconditions satisfied, this position in storehouse can carry out pouring construction; Understand from the production rule angle of knowledge engineering, these restrictions can be regarded a certain position in storehouse as with constraint condition and whether can build this regular precondition, and " can build " is then corresponding to this regular conclusion;

In this step that knowledge is extracted, be whether the concrete position in storehouse that will represent with conventionally form can build premise part, conclusion part, fiduciary level form that this judgment task is converted into rule; The discrepancy in elevation, the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval, meteorological condition, 5 aspects of adjacent construction before and after the prerequisite whether the concrete position in storehouse can build has; Conclusion maybe cannot be built for building, and is the 0-1 variable; According to the concrete dam pouring job specifications, this rule is fully reliably;

(2) quantification of regular prerequisite, conclusion, fiduciary level, classification, classification,

On the basis of (one) step work, with prerequisite, conclusion, the fiduciary level of rule quantize, classification or classification;

Before and after the discrepancy in elevation: represent with the absolute physical value, namely represent with the actual discrepancy in elevation of front and back position in storehouse, by the formalization language representation be Height_Diff-FB_Bin (x, y); Be the front and back discrepancy in elevation of position in storehouse x and position in storehouse y, position in storehouse x be higher than position in storehouse y on the occasion of, otherwise then be negative value;

The left and right sides discrepancy in elevation: represent with the absolute physical value, namely represent with the actual discrepancy in elevation of left and right sides position in storehouse, by the formalization language representation be Height_Diff-LR_Bin (x, y); Be the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation of position in storehouse x and position in storehouse y, position in storehouse x be higher than position in storehouse y on the occasion of, otherwise then be negative value;

Quiescent interval: represent that with the absolute physical value both building the quiescent interval that the deadline adds that code requirement or current engineering are set with the bottom position in storehouse of current position in storehouse is benchmark, judges whether the current time has arrived in this time period; Can be expressed as Pause_time (x) by the formalization language, its value is absolute calendar time, and its form is " MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm; Ss ";

Meteorological condition: whether meteorological condition can build current position in storehouse mainly is to consider from the rainfall amount angle, can carry out classification to rainfall amount, as heavy rain, heavy rain, light rain, no rain; Can be expressed as Rain (t) by the formalization language, " t " is the time of drafting the plan of building herein, and the value of Rain (t) is determined according to the weather forecast parameter in the database;

Adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint: adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint refers to when certain position in storehouse casting concrete, and other adjacent with it positions in storehouse are because draining, template erection and the cause of failures that puts in storage can't carry out concrete pouring construction simultaneously; This is constrained to the 0-1 variable bound, and when having adjacent position in storehouse just at casting concrete, this position in storehouse can not casting concrete, and this binding occurrence is 0; Otherwise all adjacent with it positions in storehouse are not at casting concrete, and then current position in storehouse can carry out concrete pouring construction, and this binding occurrence is 1; Can be expressed as Adjoin_Bin (x) by the formalization language; Which position in storehouse to be the adjacent position in storehouse of current position in storehouse as for, to determine according to the three-dimensional relationship of dam body model parameter;

Conclusion: whether can build the judgement of sets of conditions according to above current position in storehouse, conclusion maybe cannot be built for building, and is the 0-1 variable; By the formalization language, can be expressed as FitPour-Bin (x);

Fiduciary level: according to the concrete dam pouring job specifications, this rule is that namely fiduciary level is 1:CF=1 fully reliably;

(3) formalization of production rule,

In the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE, quantification, classification, classification by regular prerequisite, conclusion, fiduciary level in (two) step, and the statement of formalization language, the judgement of " whether a certain position in storehouse concrete can build under current state in the concrete dam pouring work progress " this event can be expressed as following production rule:

This regular precondition is the discrepancy in elevation, the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval, meteorological condition, adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint before and after satisfying simultaneously, that is: P=Height_Diff-FB_Bin (x, y) ∧ Height_Diff-LR_Bin (x, y) ∧ Pause_time (x) ∧ Rain (t) ∧ Adjoin_Bin (x); This regular conclusion is that current position in storehouse can casting concrete, that is: C=FitPour-Bin (x); The confidence level of rule is 1; So current rule can be expressed as:

Height_Diff-FB_Bin(x,y)∧Height_Diff-LR_Bin(x,y)∧Pause_time(x)∧Rain(t)∧Adjoin_Bin(x)→FitPour-Bin(x)(1)

(4) rule test,

The check of rule is the important step that production rule obtains work, is to the examination of abovementioned steps gained knowledge and checks on; In this step, major tasks just are by the example that reflects various condition of construction this rule to be verified, check whether the conclusion of its output is correct; For the incorrect situation of output conclusion, need check its reasoning process in detail and seek reason; In the rule test, need verify adaptability and the correctness that this is regular by some construction parameters in particular cases especially; If through after the system test, do not find current rule existing problems, then should preserve by the rule warehouse-in; If the existing problems of discovery then need current rule is extracted and formalization again, i.e. repeating step ()-step (three);

(5) extraction or formalization again, for the rule of finding to have the reasoning impropriety in checkout procedure, repeating step ()-step (three) extracts or formalization again to this rule;

(6) warehouse-in for through the qualified rule in check back, deposits it in rule base in, preserves with the form of relational database.

The technique effect that the present invention obtains:

1, the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of the concrete dam pouring of the KBE set up of the present invention construction Using Intelligent Decision-making Method and KBE, under the prerequisite of following concrete dam pouring construction technique normalizing and requirement, the application of the methods such as the representation of knowledge, knowledge acquisition and knowledge reasoning by knowledge engineering realizes management and decision-making work in the concrete dam pouring construction by the intelligent inference system.The method and system that the present invention sets up has been realized integrated, robotization, the intellectuality of concrete dam pouring construction management and decision-making work, has improved management and efficient and the science of making a strategic decision.

2, the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of the KBE set up of the present invention has and builds the position in storehouse layout, the machinery scheduling of putting in storage, arrangement and method for construction checking, builds the function of seven aspects such as progress simulation, the concrete plan of getting the raw materials ready, grouting plan formulation, water flowing solution formulation, can satisfy field management that concrete dam pouring constructs and the multinomial work of decision-making.And native system is easy to set up, easy to use, safeguard simple and easy, highly versatile, degree of reliability height.

3, the present invention has pushed management and the decision-making work of concrete dam pouring construction to intelligent pattern from traditional mode, not only be conducive to increase work efficiency, more be conducive to overcome labor management and the contingent mistake of decision-making or impropriety in the traditional mode, rationalization level and scientific degree have been improved effectively, the management level of concrete dam pouring construction have been guaranteed, improve construction quality, accelerated construction speed, improved the comprehensive benefit of relevant industries and department, will play a significant role for the comprehensive advantage of bringing into play the concrete dam dam type.Generally speaking, the present invention not only has good economic outlook, has good social benefit more.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of decision system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic flow sheet of decision system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the engineering information library structure synoptic diagram of decision system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is decision system decision-making technique process flow diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the construction rule base synoptic diagram of decision system of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is reasoning pattern and the workflow synoptic diagram of decision system of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described further.

Referring to Fig. 1,3,5,6,, a kind of concrete dam pouring of KBE construction intelligent decision system, this system comprise engineering information storehouse, construction rule base, intelligent inference system and functional module system; The engineering information storehouse comprises the data of arrangement and method for construction information, working-yard information and three aspects of dam body model information, and the engineering information storehouse provides comprehensive basic data support for system's operation; The construction rule base then is responsible for expertise in correlation technique standard, technical requirement and the industry of storage and management concrete dam pouring construction and the rule knowledge of other concrete dam pouring construction; The intelligent inference system simulation mankind's thought process is the reasoning foundation with the rule in the construction rule base, according to the related data in the engineering information storehouse, and based on data, the conclusion that reasoning obtains being correlated with or constructing operation; The functional module system comprises position in storehouse layout module, mechanical scheduler module, plan-validation module, progress analog module, the schedule module of getting the raw materials ready, grouting schedule module and water flowing scheme module.

Described engineering information storehouse specifically comprises construction environment characteristic parameter, dam structure characteristic parameter, construction machinery characteristic parameter, construction technical requirement parameter, material parameter, arrangement and method for construction parameter and engineering construction parameter.Described construction environment characteristic parameter comprises rainfall amount, snowfall, water temperature and flow; The dam structure characteristic parameter comprises monolith structural parameters, position in storehouse spatial parameter, hole spatial parameter and concrete performance parameter; The construction machinery characteristic parameter comprises space orientation, serviceability, operation characteristic and the working range of concrete warehousing construction machinery; The construction technical requirement parameter comprises the restriction of the dam concrete pouring construction discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval restriction and temperature control parameter; The material parameter comprises dam concrete match ratio, sandstone production and storage system and concrete storage system; The arrangement and method for construction parameter comprises concreting schedule requirement, mechanical layout and special technical requirement; The engineering construction parameter comprises the building position in storehouse, be in the milk/the water flowing position of concrete dam pouring working-yard, the mechanical current location of respectively putting in storage.

Described construction rule base comprises that specifically the technical requirement of dam concrete mix, concrete transportation technology require, dam concrete is built rule, rule and dam body joint grouting rule are cooled off in the concrete water flowing.The technical requirement of described dam concrete mix comprises that concrete type, refrigeration require and duration of mixing; The concrete transportation technology requires to comprise that free falling height, transhipment number of times and the haulage time dam concrete in the transportation build rule and comprise discrepancy in elevation restriction, quiescent interval and curing time in the concreting process; Concrete water flowing cooling rule comprises beginning and ending time, trigger condition, water temperature and the flow of dam concrete water flowing; Dam body joint grouting rule comprises dam concrete match ratio, sandstone production and storage system and concrete storage system; The arrangement and method for construction parameter comprises start time, trigger condition and the grouting zone of dam body joint grouting.

The major function of this system comprises:

Build position in storehouse layout module: in concrete dam pouring construction management and the decision process, need build situation according to current dam body, that formulates each monolith, each bin level continually builds in proper order i.e. position in storehouse layout; Project progress requires, vivid schedule requirement and the position in storehouse layout need be satisfied, and a series of relevant construction technology constraint; The concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE can be according to the integrated information of current working-yard each side, under the prerequisite that satisfies relevant job specifications, the requirement of dam concrete pouring technique, progress and vivid schedule requirement, inference system can be formulated the order of building of each bin level of not building as yet, namely builds position in storehouse layout work;

The mechanical scheduler module of putting in storage: in the pouring construction process of concrete dam, usually need concrete transporting equipments such as many door machines, tower machine, cable machine, tower belt crane, belt feeder, concrete is transported to the storehouse face to finish follow-up work, and wherein just there is the scheduling problem of many machineries that put in storage in this; Corresponding with the position in storehouse layout, in the scheduling process of concrete warehousing machinery, need to consider parameters such as its conevying efficiency, movement capacity, locus, brachium, positive and negative lift, bulk, the domain of walk, and the dam concrete facies relationship column constraint of building; The concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE can be according to the integrated information of current working-yard each side, under the prerequisite that satisfies relevant job specifications, the requirement of dam concrete pouring technique, progress and vivid schedule requirement, inference system can arrange each concreting machinery that puts in storage to be responsible for the position in storehouse of building successively, and the method for operation of every cover concrete warehousing equipment;

Build the plan-validation module: for the concrete dam pouring arrangement and method for construction of (and system user) input outside the system, comprise schedule, position in storehouse layout scheme, the equipment scheduling scheme etc. of building, the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE can be according to the integrated information of current working-yard each side, under the prerequisite that satisfies relevant job specifications, the requirement of dam concrete pouring technique, progress and vivid schedule requirement, verify that this builds the feasibility of scheme, then provide reason and explanation as infeasible;

Construction speed (process) analog module: based on the relevant information of current working-yard comprehensive condition, the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE can be under the prerequisite that satisfies relevant job specifications, the requirement of dam concrete pouring technique, progress and vivid schedule requirement, the dam concrete of formulating in the following certain hour section is built schedule or is remained the schedule that dam concrete is built, and the corresponding plan of getting the raw materials ready, grouting plan and water flowing cooling scheme, realize the artificial intelligence to the concrete pouring construction progress;

The schedule module of getting the raw materials ready: the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE can be on the basis of the construction schedule that native system is drafted, again in conjunction with the concrete mix parameter at each position of dam body, reasoning and calculation obtains the demand of interior all types of cement of following construction time (dividing type according to parameter), aggregate, additive etc., uses for construction management and decision-making;

Dam body grouting schedule module: according to the practice of construction progress of concrete dam, be each position in storehouse build the deadline, dam body is built relevant construction parameters such as cope level, upper pond level, according to the correlation technique specification and requirement, the concrete dam pouring of KBE construction intelligent decision system can reasoning obtain the dam body joint grouting the position, recommend construction parameter such as start time, for construction management and decision references and use;

Cooling water flowing scheme module: according to the practice of construction progress of concrete dam, it is the hydrometeorological data of building deadline and dam site location of each position in storehouse, according to the correlation technique specification and requirement, the concrete dam pouring of KBE construction intelligent decision system can reasoning obtains parameters such as the beginning and ending time, water temperature, flow of initial stage water flowing, water flowing in mid-term and the later stage water flowing in each district of dam body, for construction management and decision-making use.

Referring to Fig. 1-6, the decision-making technique of a kind of concrete dam pouring of KBE construction intelligent decision system, it comprises the steps:

(1) conventionally form is represented the extraction of prerequisite and the conclusion of knowledge,

In present concrete dam pouring construction management and decision process, discrepancy in elevation restriction, the restriction of the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, the restriction of interlayer quiescent interval, meteorological condition restriction, adjacent position in storehouse construction these restrictions of constraint and constraint condition before and after whether a certain position in storehouse concrete can build and need to satisfy; When all preconditions satisfied, this position in storehouse can carry out pouring construction; Understand from the production rule angle of knowledge engineering, these restrictions can be regarded a certain position in storehouse as with constraint condition and whether can build this regular precondition, and " can build " is then corresponding to this regular conclusion;

In this step that knowledge is extracted, be whether the concrete position in storehouse that will represent with conventionally form can build premise part, conclusion part, fiduciary level form that this judgment task is converted into rule; The discrepancy in elevation, the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval, meteorological condition, 5 aspects of adjacent construction before and after the prerequisite whether the concrete position in storehouse can build has; Conclusion maybe cannot be built for building, and is the 0-1 variable; According to the concrete dam pouring job specifications, this rule is fully reliably;

(2) quantification of regular prerequisite, conclusion, fiduciary level, classification, classification,

On the basis of (one) step work, with prerequisite, conclusion, the fiduciary level of rule quantize, classification or classification;

Before and after the discrepancy in elevation: represent with the absolute physical value, namely represent with the actual discrepancy in elevation of front and back position in storehouse, by the formalization language representation be Height_Diff-FB_Bin (x, y); Be the front and back discrepancy in elevation of position in storehouse x and position in storehouse y, position in storehouse x be higher than position in storehouse y on the occasion of, otherwise then be negative value;

The left and right sides discrepancy in elevation: represent with the absolute physical value, namely represent with the actual discrepancy in elevation of left and right sides position in storehouse, by the formalization language representation be Height_Diff-LR_Bin (x, y); Be the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation of position in storehouse x and position in storehouse y, position in storehouse x be higher than position in storehouse y on the occasion of, otherwise then be negative value;

Quiescent interval: represent that with the absolute physical value both building the quiescent interval that the deadline adds that code requirement or current engineering are set with the bottom position in storehouse of current position in storehouse is benchmark, judges whether the current time has arrived in this time period; Can be expressed as Pause_time (x) by the formalization language, its value is absolute calendar time, and its form is " MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm; Ss ";

Meteorological condition: whether meteorological condition can build current position in storehouse mainly is to consider from the rainfall amount angle, can carry out classification to rainfall amount, as heavy rain, heavy rain, light rain, no rain; Can be expressed as Rain (t) by the formalization language, " t " is the time of drafting the plan of building herein, and the value of Rain (t) is determined according to the weather forecast parameter in the database;

Adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint: adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint refers to when certain position in storehouse casting concrete, and other adjacent with it positions in storehouse are because draining, template erection and the cause of failures that puts in storage can't carry out concrete pouring construction simultaneously; This is constrained to the 0-1 variable bound, and when having adjacent position in storehouse just at casting concrete, this position in storehouse can not casting concrete, and this binding occurrence is 0; Otherwise all adjacent with it positions in storehouse are not at casting concrete, and then current position in storehouse can carry out concrete pouring construction, and this binding occurrence is 1; Can be expressed as Adjoin_Bin (x) by the formalization language; Which position in storehouse to be the adjacent position in storehouse of current position in storehouse as for, to determine according to the three-dimensional relationship of dam body model parameter;

Conclusion: whether can build the judgement of sets of conditions according to above current position in storehouse, conclusion maybe cannot be built for building, and is the 0-1 variable; By the formalization language, can be expressed as FitPour-Bin (x);

Fiduciary level: according to the concrete dam pouring job specifications, this rule is that namely fiduciary level is 1:CF=1 fully reliably;

(3) formalization of production rule,

In the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE, quantification, classification, classification by regular prerequisite, conclusion, fiduciary level in (two) step, and the statement of formalization language, the judgement of " whether a certain position in storehouse concrete can build under current state in the concrete dam pouring work progress " this event can be expressed as following production rule:

This regular precondition is the discrepancy in elevation, the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval, meteorological condition, adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint before and after satisfying simultaneously, that is: P=Height_Diff-FB_Bin (x, y) ∧ Height_Diff-LR_Bin (x, y) ∧ Pause_time (x) ∧ Rain (t) ∧ Adjoin_Bin (x); This regular conclusion is that current position in storehouse can casting concrete, that is: C=FitPour-Bin (x); The confidence level of rule is 1; So current rule can be expressed as:

Height_Diff-FB_Bin(x,y)∧Height_Diff-LR_Bin(x,y)∧Pause_time(x)∧Rain(t)∧Adjoin_Bin(x)→FitPour-Bin(x)(1)

(4) rule test,

The check of rule is the important step that production rule obtains work, is to the examination of abovementioned steps gained knowledge and checks on; In this step, major tasks just are by the example that reflects various condition of construction this rule to be verified, check whether the conclusion of its output is correct; For the incorrect situation of output conclusion, need check its reasoning process in detail and seek reason; In the rule test, need verify adaptability and the correctness that this is regular by some construction parameters in particular cases especially; If through after the system test, do not find current rule existing problems, then should preserve by the rule warehouse-in; If the existing problems of discovery then need current rule is extracted and formalization again, i.e. repeating step ()-step (three);

(5) extraction or formalization again, for the rule of finding to have the reasoning impropriety in checkout procedure, repeating step ()-step (three) extracts or formalization again to this rule;

(6) warehouse-in for through the qualified rule in check back, deposits it in rule base in, preserves with the form of relational database.

Set forth the specific embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with Figure of description, mainly comprise a kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE and system constructing flow process, knowledge acquisition method, knowledge representation method, the Method of Knowledge Reasoning of method.Should be noted that process and embodiment that this place is described are not limitation of the present invention, but in order to describe content of the present invention better, be convenient to understanding and understand the present invention.

One, system constructing flow process

Fig. 2 is a kind of building process synoptic diagram of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE.Its building process is divided into four steps, is respectively and makes up database, makes up knowledge base, inference system design, the system integration and debugging.The main contents of each step are as follows:

(1) makes up database

Database is a kind of basis of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system operation of KBE.Generally, the process that makes up database namely is to influence related datas such as the construction machinery of concrete dam pouring construction, dam body feature, construction environment, technical requirement and sorts out, puts in order, quantizes, and see through the database table storage, see through relational database management system and realize administering and maintaining database.The particular content of database is shown in the engineering information library structure of the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of a kind of KBE of Fig. 3.

(2) make up knowledge base

Knowledge base be a kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE carry out reasoning according to the place.The building process of knowledge base is divided into the work of two aspects, and an aspect is the foundation of relevant knowledge in the concrete dam pouring work progress (i.e. rule) method for expressing, namely sets up the method for expressing of concrete dam pouring construction knowledge; Another aspect then is the knowledge of preserving or representing with traditional media, comprises engineering discipline, technical requirement, expertise etc., shows in the mode that the present invention was set up, and namely sets up the acquisition methods of concrete dam pouring construction knowledge.The particular content of knowledge base is shown in the construction rule base structure of the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of a kind of KBE of Fig. 5.

The content of this two aspect will elaborate in hereinafter " knowledge representation method " and " knowledge acquisition method ".

(3) inference system design

The inference system design is on the basis of constructed database and knowledge base, realizes that reasoning obtains the reasoning process of following construction schedule or arrangement and method for construction from basic data, by the application of knowledge in the knowledge base.The inference system design comprises RBR mechanism, rule-based uncertain inference mechanism, three aspect contents of RBR Strategy of Conflict Resolution, and its particular content will elaborate in " Method of Knowledge Reasoning " in " embodiment ".

(4) system integration and debugging

After the design of the structure of having finished database and knowledge base and inference system, carry out the integrated of system and debugging.The purpose of this step is the linking between real data storehouse, knowledge base, the inference system three, and makes this three's collaborative work, realizes the reasoning from concrete dam pouring construction basic data to arrangement and method for construction.A kind of system integration of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE and the major tasks of debugging comprise the content of three aspects: the one, and can the data that comprise in the database provide precondition for knowledge base, i.e. the completeness of production rule precondition; The 2nd, the conflict between the rule, i.e. Gui Ze consistance, this partial content will elaborate in the Strategy of Conflict Resolution of rule-based reasoning; The 3rd, the explanation of reasoning process, this partial content will elaborate in the RBR design.

Finished above quadrinomial job, namely realized a kind of building process of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE, after the real data in input concrete dam engineering foundation data and work progress, can carry out management and the decision-making work of concrete dam pouring construction.

Two, knowledge acquisition method

Production rule as the concrete dam pouring of a kind of KBE of Fig. 4 in Figure of description construction intelligent decision system obtains shown in the schematic flow sheet, obtains concrete dam pouring construction dependency rule and mainly is divided into following six aspect work.

Whether can build under current state with a certain position in storehouse concrete in the concrete dam pouring work progress below and be example, the knowledge leaching process of concrete dam pouring construction is described.

(1) conventionally form is represented the extraction of prerequisite and the conclusion of knowledge

In present concrete dam pouring construction management and decision process, discrepancy in elevation restriction, the restriction of the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, the restriction of interlayer quiescent interval, meteorological condition restriction, adjacent position in storehouse construction these restrictions of constraint and constraint condition before and after whether a certain position in storehouse concrete can build and need to satisfy.Namely when all preconditions satisfied, this position in storehouse can carry out pouring construction.Understand from the production rule angle of knowledge engineering, these restrictions can be regarded a certain position in storehouse as with constraint condition and whether can build this regular precondition, and " can build " is then corresponding to this regular conclusion.

In this step that knowledge is extracted, focus is whether the concrete position in storehouse that will represent with conventionally form can build premise part, conclusion part, fiduciary level form that this judgment task is converted into rule.The discrepancy in elevation, the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval, meteorological condition, 5 aspects of adjacent construction before and after the prerequisite whether the concrete position in storehouse can build has; Conclusion maybe cannot be built for building, and is the 0-1 variable; According to the concrete dam pouring job specifications, this rule is fully reliably.

(2) quantification of regular prerequisite, conclusion, fiduciary level, classification, classification

On the basis of first step work, with prerequisite, conclusion, the fiduciary level of rule quantize, classification or classification.Current whether can to build this problem be example with a certain position in storehouse in the above-mentioned concrete dam pouring construction, elaborates the implementation of this work.

Before and after the discrepancy in elevation: represent with the absolute physical value, namely represent with the actual discrepancy in elevation of front and back position in storehouse, by the formalization language representation be Height_Diff-FB_Bin (x, y).Be the front and back discrepancy in elevation of position in storehouse x and position in storehouse y, position in storehouse x be higher than position in storehouse y on the occasion of, otherwise then be negative value.

The left and right sides discrepancy in elevation: represent with the absolute physical value, namely represent with the actual discrepancy in elevation of left and right sides position in storehouse, by the formalization language representation be Height_Diff-LR_Bin (x, y).Be the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation of position in storehouse x and position in storehouse y, position in storehouse x be higher than position in storehouse y on the occasion of, otherwise then be negative value.

Quiescent interval: represent that with the absolute physical value both building the quiescent interval that the deadline adds that code requirement or current engineering are set with the bottom position in storehouse of current position in storehouse is benchmark, judges whether the current time has arrived in this time period.Can be expressed as Pause_time (x) by the formalization language, its value is absolute calendar time, and its form is " MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm; Ss ".

Meteorological condition: whether meteorological condition can build current position in storehouse mainly is to consider from the rainfall amount angle, can carry out classification to rainfall amount, as heavy rain, heavy rain, light rain, no rain.Can be expressed as Rain (t) by the formalization language, " t " is the time of drafting the plan of building herein, and the value of Rain (t) is determined according to the weather forecast parameter in the database.In concrete dam engineering construction practice, the concrete of different performance is to the requirement difference of rainfall amount; In addition, have or not the degree of perfection of rainproof measure or rainproof measure that this is judged that different influences is also arranged, in concrete engineering, handle flexibly, and corresponding formalization language is set as basis for estimation.

Adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint: adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint refers to when certain position in storehouse casting concrete, and adjacent with it other positions in storehouse (elevation is not necessarily identical) are because reasons such as draining, template erection, the interference of putting in storage can't be carried out concrete pouring construction simultaneously.This is constrained to the 0-1 variable bound, and when having adjacent position in storehouse just at casting concrete, this position in storehouse can not casting concrete, and this binding occurrence is 0; Otherwise all adjacent with it positions in storehouse are not at casting concrete, and then current position in storehouse can carry out concrete pouring construction, and this binding occurrence is 1.Can be expressed as Adjoin_Bin (x) by the formalization language.Which position in storehouse to be the adjacent position in storehouse of current position in storehouse as for, to determine according to the three-dimensional relationship of dam body model parameter.

Conclusion: whether can build the judgement of sets of conditions according to above current position in storehouse, conclusion maybe cannot be built for building, and is the 0-1 variable.By the formalization language, can be expressed as FitPour-Bin (x).Require emphasis a bit, this rule just judges according to the integrated condition of position in storehouse itself whether current position in storehouse can build, and might not mean necessarily can build or must build herein.

Fiduciary level: according to the concrete dam pouring job specifications, this rule is that namely fiduciary level is 1:CF=1 fully reliably.

(3) formalization of production rule

In the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE, quantification, classification, classification by regular prerequisite, conclusion, fiduciary level in second step, and the statement of formalization language, the judgement of " whether a certain position in storehouse concrete can build under current state in the concrete dam pouring work progress " this event can be expressed as following production rule:

This regular precondition is the discrepancy in elevation, the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval, meteorological condition, adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint before and after satisfying simultaneously, that is: P=Height_Diff-FB_Bin (x, y) ∧ Height_Diff-LR_Bin (x, y) ∧ Pause_time (x) ∧ Rain (t) ∧ Adjoin_Bi n (x).This regular conclusion is that current position in storehouse can casting concrete, that is: C=FitPour-Bin (x).The confidence level of rule is 1.So current rule can be expressed as:

Height_Diff-FB_Bin(x,y)∧Height_Diff-LR_Bin(x,y)∧Pause_time(x)∧Rain(t)∧Adjoin_Bin(x)→FitPour-Bin(x)(1)

(4) rule test

The check of rule is the important step that production rule obtains work, is to the examination of abovementioned steps gained knowledge and checks on.In this step, major tasks just are by the example that reflects various condition of construction this rule to be verified, check whether the conclusion of its output is correct.For the incorrect situation of output conclusion, need check its reasoning process in detail and seek reason.In the rule test, need verify adaptability and the correctness that this is regular by some construction parameters in particular cases especially.If through after the system test, do not find current rule existing problems, then should preserve by the rule warehouse-in; If the existing problems of discovery then need current rule is extracted and formalization again, i.e. repeating step 1-step 3.

(5) extraction or formalization again

For the rule of finding to have the reasoning impropriety in checkout procedure, repeating step 1-step 3 is extracted or formalization again to this rule.

(6) warehouse-in

For through the qualified rule in check back, it is deposited in the rule base, the storage mode of concrete production rule in rule base is that knowledge representation method will describe in detail in the third part " knowledge representation method " of " embodiment ".

Three, knowledge representation method

Whether can build with certain concrete position in storehouse and to be example, elaborate a kind of knowledge representation method of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE, be i.e. the construct method for expressing of each rule-like of concrete dam pouring.

As mentioned above, concrete dam pouring construction process control rule (being knowledge) is causal conversion foundation between the Activities in the construction management process, is fit to represent with production rule.Production rule is the statement of representing with " P → C (CF) " form.For utilizing the powerful data storage of ripe relational database technology, retrieval, tissue and managerial ability realization to the organization and management of rule knowledge, in a kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE, utilize relation data library storage, rule.All rules are kept in the rule base (Rule Base) in a kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE.According to the characteristics of concrete dam pouring construction dependency rule, the relational database of concrete dam pouring rule is represented that method carried out detailed design.

The concrete dam pouring rule base is divided into dictionary word bank (Dictionary sub-base) and regular word bank (Rule sub-base) two parts.The dictionary word bank is used for depositing precondition and the conclusion (being referred to as the fact) of rule, and true contents such as natural language description.The structure of dictionary word bank be DICT_SB (Fact_ID, Fact, Nat_lang, CF).Wherein Fact_ID is true coding, Fact is the fact content of describing with formal language, Nat_lang is the fact content (being used for to user interpretation) with natural language description, and CF refers to true confidence level, and all true CF are set to sky in system's reasoning original state.Wherein, Fact_ID is major key.The fragment of dictionary word bank is as shown in table 1 in a kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE.

Table 1 dictionary word bank fragment

Illustrate:

(1) table 1 data only are the fragment of the dictionary character library of rule base, and needed regular quantity is comparatively huge and complicated during the real system operation.

(2) the part fact in the table 1 is reflected as funtcional relationship, and the realization of its function need depend on the present invention and set up intrasystem other functional modules.For example: the judgement of contiguous position in storehouse, the judgement of left and right sides position in storehouse, the judgement of front and back position in storehouse, all need determine by means of three-dimensional dam body model and spatial parameter thereof.

(3) the part fact in the table 1 need serve as to rely on to carry out reasoning with the data in the field data storehouse in reasoning process.

The rule word bank is used for depositing rule, comprises regular texture table and rule condition table.The structure of regular texture table be RULE_STRU (Rule_ID, Num, Fact_ID, CF, Active).Wherein Rule_ID is rule numbers; Num is this rule conditions needed item number; Fact_ID is the numbering of conclusion; CF is the confidence level of rule; Active shows whether this rule activates, and avoids the repeated use of rule, improves Reasoning Efficiency.The structure of rule condition table be RULE_Cond (Rule_ID, Fact_ID, Logic_relation, Active).Wherein Rule_ID represents rule numbers; Fact_ID represents the condition numbering, and this rule has several conditions that several records are just arranged; Logic_relation is the logical relation of this condition in reasoning, comprises logical and " ∧ " (" AND ") computing and two kinds of operational forms of logical OR " ∨ " (" OR ") computing, represents that this condition is essential condition or is optional condition; Active is the sign that Fact_ID activates, and avoids regular terms and conditions repeated matching.

The CF(confidence level of rule) refers to the degree of reliability of reaching a conclusion according to rule condition.CF (∈ [1,1] of P → C), value and the implication of CF are as follows: CF=+1 represents that C one is decided to be very if P is for true; CF=-1 represents that C one is decided to be vacation if P is for true; CF=0 represents that the true and false of P do not influence C; CF ∈ (1,0) is if expression P is true, and C is false to a certain extent; CF ∈ (0,1) is if expression P is true, and C is true to a certain extent.

Shown in table 2, table 3, the fragment in the table has reflected current this construction rule of concreting of whether can carrying out of certain position in storehouse respectively for regular texture table in the rule word bank and the fragment of rule condition table.

Table 2 regular texture table fragment

Rule_ID	Num	Fact_ID	CF	Active
					R0001	1	F0025	1	F
R0002	2	F0032	0.9	F
					R0008	5	F0010	1	F
…	…	…	…	?

Table 3 rule condition table fragment

Rule_ID	Fact_ID	Logic_relation	Active
				R0008	F0002	AND	F

R0008	F0003	AND	F
				R0008	F0006	AND	F
R0008	F0007	AND	F
				R0008	F0009	AND	F
…	…	?	?

Above agreement has been arranged, and just the rule that can represent at natural language and the rule in the relational database transform mutually.According to table 2, table 3, the form of regular R0008 is as follows:

Height_Diff-FB_Bin(x,y)∧Height_Diff-LR_Bin(x,y)∧Pause_time(x)∧Rain(t)∧Adjoin_Bin(x)→FitPour-Bin(x)(1)

Again according to table 1, rule R0008 can further be interpreted as: if a certain position in storehouse " x " satisfy simultaneously before and after the discrepancy in elevation, the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval, meteorological condition, adjacent position in storehouse 5 item constraints of constructing, then this position in storehouse can carry out concreting, and the fiduciary level of rule is " 1 ".So just set up the one-to-one relationship between concrete dam pouring job specifications and expertise knowledge and the manipulable rule knowledge of computing machine, realized that the interior intelligence of computer information system of rule knowledge is represented and storage.

Four, Method of Knowledge Reasoning

Knowledge reasoning refers to from existing basic data, by the integrated application to various production rules and knowledge, obtains the current decision-making of system or action scheme through reasoning.Specific to the concrete dam pouring construction problem, refer to execution conditions and the construction environment current according to concrete dam, under the related specifications and technical request of following the concrete dam pouring construction, reasoning obtains the process of current concrete dam pouring arrangement and method for construction.

A kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE and the Method of Knowledge Reasoning of method mainly comprise three aspect contents of Strategy of Conflict Resolution of rule-based uncertain inference mechanism, the design of RBR pattern, rule-based reasoning.

All there are uncertainty in the fact in the concrete dam pouring work progress and rule, based on the uncertain fact of concrete dam pouring construction and expression and the memory mechanism of uncertain rule, set up the concrete dam pouring rule-based uncertain inference mechanism of constructing, realize the uncertain inference of concrete dam pouring system, i.e. intelligent inference.

The uncertain inference mechanism of a kind of concrete dam pouring of KBE construction intelligent decision system adopts C-F uncertain inference model, the C-F model be use the earliest in the uncertain inference, simple and effective a kind of inference method.

Uncertain inference algorithm in a kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE comprises four parts, comprise the extracting of conjunction, prerequisite of asking merging, the prerequisite of the confidence level of the same conclusion that the independent prerequisite of confidence level, two of conclusion derives according to the confidence level of prerequisite and rule, just can carry out various reasoning computings based on this.Wherein CF (P) represents the confidence level of prerequisite; The confidence level of CF (R) delegate rules; CF (C) represents the confidence level of conclusion.

(1) asks the confidence level of conclusion according to the confidence level of prerequisite and rule

CF(C)=CF(R)×max{0,CF(P)}

If CF (P)〉0, namely regular prerequisite to be serve as very to a certain degree, then according to confidence level CF (C)=CF (the R) * CF (P) of CF (P) and regular confidence level CF (R) computation rule conclusion;

If CF (P)=0, namely condition is true or false and knows nothing, and CF (C)=0 then that is to say that the true and false of conclusion also know nothing.

If CF (P)＜0, namely regular prerequisite be vacation, illustrates that this rule can not use, then CF (C)=0.

The merging of the confidence level of the same conclusion of (2) two independent prerequisite derivation also claims fresh evidence (prerequisite) rule

During the confidence level of the same conclusion that derives in the plural independent prerequisite of combination, merge wherein two earlier, its result again with the 3rd merging, the rest may be inferred.

(3) conjunction of prerequisite

For P=P ₁∧ P ₂∧ P ₃∧ ... ∧ P _n, have

CF(P)=CF(P ₁∧P ₂∧P ₃∧…∧P _n)=min{CF(P ₁),CF(P ₂),…,CF(P _n)}

By following formula as seen, the CF of the conjunction of a plurality of prerequisites is the CF of that prerequisite of CF minimum.

(4) prerequisite extracts

For P=P ₁∨ P ₂∨ P ₃∨ ... ∨ P _n, have

CF(P)=CF(P ₁∨P ₂∨P ₃∨…∨P _n)=max{CF(P ₁),CF(P ₂),…,CF(P _n)}

By following formula as seen, the CF that extracts of a plurality of prerequisites is the CF of that prerequisite of CF maximum.

For uncertain inference, when the confidence level of certain conclusion is not 1, still to carry out reasoning for other rules of same conclusions, obtain the confidence level of conclusion, and merge with the confidence level of this conclusion of having obtained.

A kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE as meta-knoeledge, places reasoning module with the uncertain inference rule separately, makes it to have the automatic focus attribute, and namely priority level is the highest.So just guaranteed that two rules (having different confidence levels) with same conclusions had just made up before being triggered by other rules.

Shown in the reasoning pattern and workflow of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system that Fig. 6 is a kind of KBE, a kind of inference machine of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE is according to the data in the database, utilize the rule in the knowledge base, by certain inference strategy, go data and the fact of the problem of finding the solution, interprets external input, derive conclusion and to user interpretation, as requested the reason of reaching a conclusion.

A kind of concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE belongs to the knowledge system of design, planning class, and solution space is very big, so select the forward reasoning mode for use.

Forward reasoning is also referred to as data drive control, is from known data message, and the forward service regeulations allow regular former piece and the record in the database and the fact be complementary, and enable the conclusion part of rule then.

Forward reasoning at first provides master data by the user, leaves in the database, and inference machine carries out work then, and the key step of its reasoning process is as follows:

(1) inference machine mates with the former piece of rule in this batch fact and the rule base.If have only the rule of a coupling, then select this rule for use; If there are many rules available, then select wherein a rule for use according to Strategy of Conflict Resolution.

(2) the conclusion part fact that should rule is added in the dynamic data base as new fact.

(3) with the fact in the database after upgrading, repeat (1), (2) step.So repeatedly till problem solves or provides indeterminable reason.

So-called conflict refers to have many rules to use in a certain step that the concrete dam pouring arrangement and method for construction is formulated in the reasoning process.Conflict resolution refers to that selecting one from these many available rules is used for current reasoning; Strategy of Conflict Resolution is exactly how to select strategy or the method for best rule from many rules.

Characteristics according to the concrete dam pouring work progress: along with the increase of regular precondition, the gained conclusion strengthens in the specific aim under precondition; The rule confidence level is more high, and the gained conclusion is more reliable.So in the concrete dam pouring arrangement and method for construction formulation process of KBE, adopt following Strategy of Conflict Resolution in the rule-based uncertain inference process.

Suppose R ₁, R ₂Be current spendable rule, then:

①GetNum(R ₁)、Num(R ₂)、CF(R ₁)、CF(R ₂)

②if?Num(R ₁)

Num(R ₂)then?first_use_rule=R ₂goto⑤

③if?Num(R ₂)

Num(R ₁)then?first_use_rule=R ₁goto⑤

④if?CF(R ₁)≤CF(R ₂)then?first_use_rule=R ₂else?first_use_rule=R ₁

⑤end

Num (R wherein ₁), Num (R ₂) be R ₁, R ₂Condition set, CF (R ₁), CF (R ₂) be R ₁, R ₂Confidence level.But as the rule time spent more than two, utilize this strategy to try to achieve preferential service regeulations in preceding two rules earlier, with this rule and the 3rd rule relatively, carry out successively, until finding best rule again.

Claims (6)

1. the concrete dam pouring of KBE construction intelligent decision system, it is characterized in that: this system comprises engineering information storehouse, construction rule base, intelligent inference system and functional module system; The engineering information storehouse comprises the data of arrangement and method for construction information, working-yard information and three aspects of dam body model information, and the engineering information storehouse provides comprehensive basic data support for system's operation; The construction rule base then is responsible for expertise in correlation technique standard, technical requirement and the industry of storage and management concrete dam pouring construction and the rule knowledge of other concrete dam pouring construction; The intelligent inference system simulation mankind's thought process is the reasoning foundation with the rule in the construction rule base, according to the related data in the engineering information storehouse, and based on data, the conclusion that reasoning obtains being correlated with or constructing operation; The functional module system comprises position in storehouse layout module, mechanical scheduler module, plan-validation module, progress analog module, the schedule module of getting the raw materials ready, grouting schedule module and water flowing scheme module.

2. the concrete dam pouring of KBE according to claim 1 construction intelligent decision system, it is characterized in that: described engineering information storehouse specifically comprises construction environment characteristic parameter, dam structure characteristic parameter, construction machinery characteristic parameter, construction technical requirement parameter, material parameter, arrangement and method for construction parameter and engineering construction parameter.

3. the concrete dam pouring of KBE according to claim 2 construction intelligent decision system, it is characterized in that: described construction environment characteristic parameter comprises rainfall amount, snowfall, water temperature and flow; The dam structure characteristic parameter comprises monolith structural parameters, position in storehouse spatial parameter, hole spatial parameter and concrete performance parameter; The construction machinery characteristic parameter comprises space orientation, serviceability, operation characteristic and the working range of concrete warehousing construction machinery; The construction technical requirement parameter comprises the restriction of the dam concrete pouring construction discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval restriction and temperature control parameter; The material parameter comprises dam concrete match ratio, sandstone production and storage system and concrete storage system; The arrangement and method for construction parameter comprises concreting schedule requirement, mechanical layout and special technical requirement; The engineering construction parameter comprises the building position in storehouse, be in the milk/the water flowing position of concrete dam pouring working-yard, the mechanical current location of respectively putting in storage.

4. the concrete dam pouring of KBE according to claim 1 construction intelligent decision system is characterized in that: described construction rule base comprises specifically that the technical requirement of dam concrete mix, concrete transportation technology require, dam concrete is built rule, concrete water flowing cooling rule and dam body joint grouting rule.

5. the concrete dam pouring of KBE according to claim 4 construction intelligent decision system, it is characterized in that: the technical requirement of described dam concrete mix comprises that concrete type, refrigeration require and duration of mixing; The concrete transportation technology requires to comprise that free falling height, transhipment number of times and the haulage time dam concrete in the transportation build rule and comprise discrepancy in elevation restriction, quiescent interval and curing time in the concreting process; Concrete water flowing cooling rule comprises beginning and ending time, trigger condition, water temperature and the flow of dam concrete water flowing; Dam body joint grouting rule comprises dam concrete match ratio, sandstone production and storage system and concrete storage system; The arrangement and method for construction parameter comprises start time, trigger condition and the grouting zone of dam body joint grouting.

6. according to the decision-making technique of the concrete dam pouring of the described KBE of the arbitrary claim of claim 1-5 construction intelligent decision system, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:

(1) conventionally form is represented the extraction of prerequisite and the conclusion of knowledge,

In present concrete dam pouring construction management and decision process, discrepancy in elevation restriction, the restriction of the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, the restriction of interlayer quiescent interval, meteorological condition restriction, adjacent position in storehouse construction these restrictions of constraint and constraint condition before and after whether a certain position in storehouse concrete can build and need to satisfy; When all preconditions satisfied, this position in storehouse can carry out pouring construction; Understand from the production rule angle of knowledge engineering, these restrictions can be regarded a certain position in storehouse as with constraint condition and whether can build this regular precondition, and " can build " is then corresponding to this regular conclusion;

In this step that knowledge is extracted, be whether the concrete position in storehouse that will represent with conventionally form can build premise part, conclusion part, fiduciary level form that this judgment task is converted into rule; The discrepancy in elevation, the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval, meteorological condition, 5 aspects of adjacent construction before and after the prerequisite whether the concrete position in storehouse can build has; Conclusion maybe cannot be built for building, and is the 0-1 variable; According to the concrete dam pouring job specifications, this rule is fully reliably;

(2) quantification of regular prerequisite, conclusion, fiduciary level, classification, classification,

On the basis of (one) step work, with prerequisite, conclusion, the fiduciary level of rule quantize, classification or classification;

Before and after the discrepancy in elevation: represent with the absolute physical value, namely represent with the actual discrepancy in elevation of front and back position in storehouse, by the formalization language representation be Height_Diff-FB_Bin (x, y); Be the front and back discrepancy in elevation of position in storehouse x and position in storehouse y, position in storehouse x be higher than position in storehouse y on the occasion of, otherwise then be negative value;

The left and right sides discrepancy in elevation: represent with the absolute physical value, namely represent with the actual discrepancy in elevation of left and right sides position in storehouse, by the formalization language representation be Height_Diff-LR_Bin (x, y); Be the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation of position in storehouse x and position in storehouse y, position in storehouse x be higher than position in storehouse y on the occasion of, otherwise then be negative value;

Quiescent interval: represent that with the absolute physical value both building the quiescent interval that the deadline adds that code requirement or current engineering are set with the bottom position in storehouse of current position in storehouse is benchmark, judges whether the current time has arrived in this time period; Can be expressed as Pause_time (x) by the formalization language, its value is absolute calendar time, and its form is " MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm; Ss ";

Meteorological condition: whether meteorological condition can build current position in storehouse mainly is to consider from the rainfall amount angle, can carry out classification to rainfall amount, as heavy rain, heavy rain, light rain, no rain; Can be expressed as Rain (t) by the formalization language, " t " is the time of drafting the plan of building herein, and the value of Rain (t) is determined according to the weather forecast parameter in the database;

Adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint: adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint refers to when certain position in storehouse casting concrete, and other adjacent with it positions in storehouse are because draining, template erection and the cause of failures that puts in storage can't carry out concrete pouring construction simultaneously; This is constrained to the 0-1 variable bound, and when having adjacent position in storehouse just at casting concrete, this position in storehouse can not casting concrete, and this binding occurrence is 0; Otherwise all adjacent with it positions in storehouse are not at casting concrete, and then current position in storehouse can carry out concrete pouring construction, and this binding occurrence is 1; Can be expressed as Adjoin_Bin (x) by the formalization language; Which position in storehouse to be the adjacent position in storehouse of current position in storehouse as for, to determine according to the three-dimensional relationship of dam body model parameter;

Conclusion: whether can build the judgement of sets of conditions according to above current position in storehouse, conclusion maybe cannot be built for building, and is the 0-1 variable; By the formalization language, can be expressed as FitPour-Bin (x);

Fiduciary level: according to the concrete dam pouring job specifications, this rule is that namely fiduciary level is 1:CF=1 fully reliably;

(3) formalization of production rule,

In the concrete dam pouring construction intelligent decision system of KBE, quantification, classification, classification by regular prerequisite, conclusion, fiduciary level in (two) step, and the statement of formalization language, the judgement of " whether a certain position in storehouse concrete can build under current state in the concrete dam pouring work progress " this event can be expressed as following production rule:

This regular precondition is the discrepancy in elevation, the left and right sides discrepancy in elevation, quiescent interval, meteorological condition, adjacent position in storehouse construction constraint before and after satisfying simultaneously, that is: P=Height_Diff-FB_Bin (x, y) ∧ Height_Diff-LR_Bin (x, y) ∧ Pause_time (x) ∧ Rain (t) ∧ Adjoin_Bin (x); This regular conclusion is that current position in storehouse can casting concrete, that is: C=FitPour-Bin (x); The confidence level of rule is 1; So current rule can be expressed as:

Height_Diff-FB_Bin(x,y)∧Height_Diff-LR_Bin(x,y)∧Pause_time(x)∧Rain(t)∧Adjoin_Bin(x)→FitPour-Bin(x)(1)

(4) rule test,

The check of rule is the important step that production rule obtains work, is to the examination of abovementioned steps gained knowledge and checks on; In this step, major tasks just are by the example that reflects various condition of construction this rule to be verified, check whether the conclusion of its output is correct; For the incorrect situation of output conclusion, need check its reasoning process in detail and seek reason; In the rule test, need verify adaptability and the correctness that this is regular by some construction parameters in particular cases especially; If through after the system test, do not find current rule existing problems, then should preserve by the rule warehouse-in; If the existing problems of discovery then need current rule is extracted and formalization again, i.e. repeating step ()-step (three);

(5) extraction or formalization again, for the rule of finding to have the reasoning impropriety in checkout procedure, repeating step ()-step (three) extracts or formalization again to this rule;

(6) warehouse-in for through the qualified rule in check back, deposits it in rule base in, preserves with the form of relational database.

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