CN103312091B - 用于电动调节车辆中的活动部件的电机以及用于制造电机的方法 - Google Patents
用于电动调节车辆中的活动部件的电机以及用于制造电机的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
- B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
- B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
- B29C65/7805—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring the parts to be joined comprising positioning features
- B29C65/7808—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring the parts to be joined comprising positioning features in the form of holes or slots
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- B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/541—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles a substantially flat extra element being placed between and clamped by the joined hollow-preforms
- B29C66/5414—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles a substantially flat extra element being placed between and clamped by the joined hollow-preforms said substantially flat extra element being rigid, e.g. a plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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- B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
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- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/38—Control circuits or drive circuits associated with geared commutator motors of the worm-and-wheel type
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- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
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- B29L2031/3481—Housings or casings incorporating or embedding electric or electronic elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
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- B29L2031/748—Machines or parts thereof not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种电机(10)、尤其是用于电动调节车辆中的活动部件的电机以及一种用于制造电机(10)的方法,该电机具有壳体部件(16),在该壳体部件中设有用于电控制所述电机(10)的印制电路板(20),其中,在所述壳体部件(16)中设有至少一个定心管脚(44),所述定心管脚配合到所述印制电路板(20)的定心开口(45)中,其中,所述定心管脚(44)在其自由端部(46)上塑性变形为保险头(56)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电机(elektrischen Maschine)以及用于制造电机的方法。
背景技术
通过DE 102009027610A1已经公知一种具有电机的调节驱动装置,其中印制电路板被***到调节驱动装置的壳体中。在该壳体中设有多个保持销,印制电路板在装配时被套装到保持销上。在此,印制电路板具有相应的定心开口,保持销配合到定心开口中。保持销具有止挡,印制电路板在装配方面在接合方向上贴靠在该止挡上。在此,印制电路板为了其固定可以被夹持在壳体中。
但是在保持销的该实施方式中不利的是,为了固定印制电路板必须成形上附加的锁紧元件,这些附加的锁紧元件可靠地在空间上固定印制电路板。这样的固定例如是必须的,以便借助焊接电接触印制电路板。此外,用于包围印制电路板的壳体盖借助附加的连接装置抗拆卸地逆着接合方向被止动。
发明内容
具有独立权利要求特征的按本发明的电机以及按本发明的用于制造这样的电机的方法相对于此具有优点,即定心管脚除了使印制电路板在壳体中正确定位之外同时也用于将印制电路板固定在电机的壳体中。为此,定心管脚的自由端部在印制电路板的装配之后塑性变形,使得在定心管脚的该端部上形成保险头。该保险头阻止印制电路板在其装配之后逆着接合方向退回。
通过在从属权利要求中列出的措施能够实现对在独立权利要求中给出的特征的有利扩展和改进。特别有利的是,在一个工艺步骤中通过制造壳体部件来构造所述至少一个定心管脚。为此,该定心管脚和壳体部件由塑料制成,使得定心管脚的自由端部能够在工艺技术上简单地热变形。为此可以例如将热的冲头压靠到定心管脚的自由端部上或者借助超声波焊接使定心管脚变形。变换地,定心管脚可以与壳体部件分开地制造并且接着被位置精确地***到壳体部件中。例如,定心管脚可以被构造为电刷保持器的部件,该部件在确定的位置中被固定在壳体部件中,或者确定地伸入到壳体部件中。
特别有利的是,在与定心管脚的自由端部相对的侧上在定心管脚和/或壳体上构造止挡,印制电路板在其在接合方向上***之后贴靠在该止挡上。印制电路板能够以该方式通过压靠到横向于接合方向延伸的止挡上非常精确地被定位。
通过自由端部的塑性变形,在该自由端部上构成保险头,该保险头具有比定心管脚的中心区域大的直径。由此将印制电路板和/或壳体盖可靠地保持在最终装配位置中。如果定心管脚被构造为圆柱形的,则自由端部能够有利地变形为圆形的保险头,该保险头能够均匀地接收逆着接合方向的力。
如果印制电路板通过成形的保险头压靠到止挡上,则由此在空间上牢固地固定印制电路板,由此例如也能够实现用于印制电路板的电端子的自动的机器焊接方法。为此例如在壳体部件上设置定位元件、尤其是在壳体部件中成形的校准孔,这些定位元件与焊接机的相应的定位装置配合作用。尤其是为此在壳体部件中构造两个或三个用于焊接机的校准孔。当定心管脚和校准孔直接与壳体部件构造为一体时,用于电触点的焊接的误差链特别小,由此可靠地构成焊接部位。
如果保险头与印制电路板紧邻地成形在自由端部上,则该保险头构造为具有比印制电路板的定心接收部的直径大的直径。在此,保险头将印制电路板压靠到止挡上,由此在空间上牢固地固定印制电路板。
优选地,印制电路板除了定心开口外还具有用于接收电接触管脚的接触孔。这些接触管脚可以构造为压入管脚,它们随着套装到定心管脚上而自锁地压入到相应的接触孔中。此外,所谓的焊接管脚能够***到相应的接触孔中,它们接下来与印制电路板焊接。
优选地,安装的印制电路板沿着电机的转子轴延伸,其中,定心管脚为了接收印制电路板而横向于转子轴定向。通过印制电路板的该布置,可以在该印制电路板上例如设置磁式传感器、尤其是霍尔传感器,它检测转子轴的转动位置或转速。也可将用于供电和/或专门控制电动机的其它电子部件固定在印制电路板上。优选地,微处理器设置在印制电路板上,该微处理器例如也分析处理转速信号并且能够提供用于调节驱动装置的位置检测和/或防夹住功能。
如果保险头直接成形在壳体盖的外侧上,则该保险头构造有比用于定心管脚的壳体开口大的直径。由此,定心管脚的自由端部的塑性变形表示一种“封接”,使得壳体盖不能未被察觉地打开,因为壳体盖的打开导致保险头的破坏,这是能够容易发现的。
有利的是,保险头成形在壳体盖的外侧上的凹部中,因为这时保险头不伸出超过壳体盖的外圆周面。由此保护保险头免受破坏,并且电机能够非常扁平地构成。因此电机也可以例如安装在扁平的结构空间例如车辆的侧窗或车顶中。
通过在接合方向上固定壳体盖,能够借助设置在壳体盖上的在接合方向上的凸起将印制电路板在接合方向上压靠到所述止挡上。由此通过壳体盖的固定能够在唯一的装配过程中也可靠地固定印制电路板。通过自由端部的塑性变形能够在唯一的工序中不仅将壳体盖而且将印制电路板在接合方向上抗移动地压靠到壳体底部上。
对于仅在接合方向上可靠地固定印制电路板和/或壳体盖,恰好一个定心管脚就已经足够了。如果附加地要实现在横向于印制电路板和/或壳体盖的平面中的精确定位,那么设置恰好两个或恰好三个定心管脚是有利的,它们尤其是近似相互平行地定向。
电机优选构造为电动机,其是变速器-驱动单元的组成部分。在此,电动机设置在变速器壳体上,变速器支承在变速器壳体中,该变速器被电动机的转子轴驱动。印制电路板特别节省结构空间地设置在变速器壳体内部,该变速器壳体同时承担用于印制电路板的电子装置壳体的功能。
在根据本发明的用于制造电机的方法中,在将带有定心开口的印制电路板套装到定心管脚上之后,优选使该定心管脚的自由端部变形为保险头。由此该定心管脚承担了对印制电路板空间定位的功能并且同时承担对印制电路板牢固固定的功能。
特别有利的是,定心管脚的自由端部在其变形之前具有拱曲的或圆锥形的或尖角形的形状。由此定心管脚容易找到定心开口并且自由端部能够借助热压印有利地被变形为保险头,该保险头具有比定心管脚的中间区域大的直径。
有利的是,自由端部这样地变形,即成形的保险头在接合方向上直接贴靠在印制电路板上并且将印制电路板压靠到止挡上。由此能够借助变形后的定心管脚将印制电路板可靠地固定在壳体上,由此能够借助自动的焊接方法进行与焊接管脚的电触点接触。
在一种替代方法中,在将印制电路板装配到定心管脚上之后,将具有壳体孔的壳体盖套装到定心管脚上,并且然后才使自由端部塑性变形。然后使壳体盖和印制电路板同时至少在接合方向上抗移动地被止动。印制电路板和壳体盖在接合方向上尤其是相对于转子轴近似径向地被装配。因此,壳体盖的延展近似地至少与印制电路板的延展一样大并且在封闭的壳体中完全覆盖该印制电路板。
如果印制电路板具有用于接收压入管脚的接触孔,则印制电路板能够在将定心管脚***到定心开口中时被预定心。该预定心导致:压入管脚发现其在印制电路板中的相应的接触开口。压入管脚圆锥形地构成,使得通过将压入管脚压配合到接触孔中实现印制电路板的精密校准。该方法由于通过压入管脚的精密定心尤其是允许以印制电路板在壳体中的非常高的定位精度将印制电路板简单地用手装配到定心管脚上。
在此,定心管脚尤其是在所述压入管脚被压入之后不贴靠在定心开口的壁上,因为对于通过压配合的精密定心必须在定心管脚和定心开口之间存在足够的间隙。
通过根据本发明的方法能够在成形自由端部上的保险头期间有利地以预定的装配力将印制电路板和/或壳体盖压靠到止挡上。由此能够非常精确地制造印制电路板相对于转子轴的位置,因为在自由端部塑性变形之后保险头以预紧力保持印制电路板和/或壳体盖距转子轴一个精确距离。
根据定心管脚的自由端部的根据本发明的变形有利地通过热压印进行。在此,自由端部的材料被加热,由此允许该材料塑性变形。热压印能够例如借助热的压印冲头进行,该压力冲头在接合方向上压到自由端部上。优选地,变形后的端部然后被主动地冷却,以便获得保险头的光滑的表面和压印冲头的干净的脱开。对于该方法而言,定心管脚有利地由塑料制成,该塑料在比较低的温度时能够容易地塑性变形。
附图说明
本发明的实施例在附图中示出并且在以下说明书中详细地阐述。附图示出:
图1:根据本发明的变速器驱动单元的第一实施例;
图2:图1的放大局部图;
图3:根据本发明的定心管脚在其塑性变形之前的另一个实施例;
图4:根据本发明的定心管脚在其塑性变形之后的另一个实施例;
图5和6:具有封闭的壳体盖的另一个实施例的分解图;和
图7至9:本发明的示出不同方法步骤的另一个实施例。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出根据本发明的电机10,它被构造为电动机12。该电动机12例如是变速器-驱动单元14的组成部分,如其用于调节滑动式车顶那样。类似的具有根据本发明的电机10的调节驱动装置被构造为车窗玻璃升降器驱动装置或座椅驱动装置或机动车中其它活动部件的伺服驱动装置。变速器-驱动单元14具有带有电子装置单元22的电动机12作为电机10,该电子装置单元设置在电机10的壳体18的壳体部件16中。该壳体部件16被构造为电子装置壳体25,该电子装置壳体是变速器壳体28的一体的组成部分,在变速器壳体中设有变速器30。该变速器30例如被构造为涡轮蜗杆变速器31,其中,一个设置在电动机12的转子轴32上的蜗杆33与支承在变速器壳体28中的涡轮34啮合。电动机12的驱动力矩从涡轮34被转送给未详细示出的从动元件,该从动元件例如驱动待调节的部件、尤其是车辆中的待调节部件。在该实施例中,电动机12具有极靴36,该极靴以法兰连接到变速器壳体28上,其中,转子轴32伸入到变速器壳体28中。极靴36例如由金属制成并且用作设置在极靴36中的磁体的磁轭(磁性接地)。壳体部件16在该实施例中由塑料制成,尤其是借助压力铸造方法制成。壳体部件16具有插头元件17,在该插头元件中设置有用于电力和电子供电的接触端子19。在图1中壳体部件16在不带壳体盖26的情况下敞开地示出,其中,在壳体部件16中已经***印制电路板20,在该印制电路板上设置有多个电子部件38。一个电子部件38构造为微处理器39,它用于控制电动机12和/或用于分析处理转子轴32的转动位置信号。为此在印制电路板20上设置转动位置传感器40,该转动位置传感器与设置在转子轴32上的信号发生器41配合作用。转动位置传感器例如可以构造为霍尔传感器,它检测设置在转子轴32或变速器齿轮34上的传感器磁体的磁信号。由此尤其是能够实现对调节驱动装置的位置检测和/或变速器-驱动单元14的防夹住功能。印制电路板20构造为印刷电路板(PCB),其中在电绝缘的载体材料上施加导电的印制导线。通过例如是塑料的载体材料,印制电路板20本身不易弯曲地、刚性地且不可运动地构成。
如在根据图2的细节图中能更好地看出,在壳体部件16中设有定心管脚44,该定心管脚配合到印制电路板20中的定心开口45中。该定心管脚44在此与壳体部件16一体地构成并且例如借助压力铸造制成。定心管脚44优选由塑料制成并且具有自由端部46。为了更容易找到定心开口45,该自由端部46在此在自由端部46的表面42上具有倒角。变换地,自由端部46的表面42也可以构造为尖的或拱曲的,如在图3或图7中所示。定心管脚44优选构造为圆柱形的,其中,自由端部46具有圆锥。定心管脚44在该例子中相对于转子轴32径向地定向,使得印制电路板20在其沿着接合方向8装配时横向于定心管脚44定向并且被套装到定心管脚44上。印制电路板20可以近似地具有矩形的或任意其它的轮廓并且在***状态中沿着转子轴32延伸。在定心管脚44“穿***”定心开口45中时,印制电路板20在横向于接合方向8的平面7中在壳体部件16中精确地被校准。因此,设置在壳体部件16中的焊接管脚48和压入管脚49也位于它们的在印制电路板20中的相应接触孔50中。在图2中在右侧示出的焊接管脚48建立与插头元件17的接触端子19的电连接。定心管脚44附近的焊接管脚49形成用于给电动机12电流供电和/或用于转动位置传感器40的电连接,该转动位置传感器也可以直接设置在壳体部件16中。
图3示出另一个实施例的印制电路板20的剖视图,其中定心管脚44的自由端部46具有尖端47。在定心管脚44的与自由端部46相对置的侧上,该定心管脚具有一个凸肩43,印制电路板20在接合方向8上贴靠在该凸肩上。该凸肩43例如构造为圆环形凸缘,它具有比定心管脚44中间区域54的外直径53大的外直径52。用于焊接管脚48和压入管脚49的接触开口50近似平行于定心开口45构造在印制电路板20中。所示的焊接管脚48例如固定在壳体部件16中并且能够作为嵌入件***或压入或注射到壳体部件中。
在将印制电路板20套装到定心管脚44上之后,自由端部46塑性变形。在此形成保险头56,该保险头具有比定心开口45的直径58大并且比定心管脚45的中间区域54的直径53大的直径57。保险头56具有拱曲的表面55,该表面例如借助热模压(Heiβverstemmen)变形而成。通过保险头56将印制电路板20在接合方向8上压靠到止挡43上,由此在空间上牢固地固定印制电路板20。如果设有多个***到相应定心开口45中的定心管脚44,那么印制电路板20在横向于接合方向8的平面7中的扭转也被阻止。在将印制电路板20固定在壳体16中之后,焊接管脚48可以机械地被焊接,使得它借助钎焊连接51与印制电路板20的接触开口50电连接。
在图5中示出电机10,其中壳体部件16借助壳体盖26封闭。不仅印制电路板20而且壳体盖26近似矩形地构成,其中,壳体盖26覆盖整个印制电路板20。由此能够相对于转子轴32径向地将印制电路板20在接合方向8上装配到壳体部件16中,其中,印制电路板20的定心开口45插到定心管脚44上。由此也使印制电路板20的接触开口50相对于设置在壳体部件16中的压入管脚49定位。随着印制电路板20的***,在压入管脚49和接触开口50之间形成导电的夹紧连接。压入管脚49例如与插头元件17的接触端子19一体地构成并且尤其是压入或注射到壳体部件16中。电子部件38设置在印制电路板20的面向转子轴32的一侧,使得印制电路板20在面向壳体盖26的侧上相对平整地沿着平面7构成。在装配印制电路板20之后,在接合方向8上装配壳体盖26,其中,定心管脚44穿过壳体盖26的壳体开口24伸出。壳体盖26沿着平面7同样比较平整地构成,其中,为了使大的平整的盖面稳定,在该盖面上成形出菱形结构,由此该壳体盖26的材料几乎设置在两个不同的平面61、62中,这两个平面通过各个菱形64的圆周壁63在接合方向8上相互连接。壳体开口24设置在壳体盖26的凹部60中,这些凹部的围边59比壳体盖26的外表面65深。
在接合方向8上装配壳体盖26之后,定心管脚44的自由端部46塑性变形为保险头56,如其在图6中所示。在该实施例中,保险头56设置在凹部60内部,使得该保险头不突出超过壳体盖26的外表面65。保险头56的直径57大于壳体开口24的直径23并且大于定心管脚44的中间区域54的直径53。壳体盖26具有卡锁元件70,该卡锁元件配合到壳体部件16上的配对卡锁元件71中。在该解决方案中,壳体盖26在接合方向8上的压紧力78通过卡锁元件70与配对卡锁元件71的卡锁来施加,使得保险头56被卸载。保险头56实际上形成用于壳体部件16的形状锁合的封接装置,使得壳体盖26不能无破坏地从壳体部件16去掉。由此抑制了壳体部件16的未被授权的打开或者操纵设置在其中的电子装置单元22。在该实施例中,正好设有两个定心管脚44。它们优选定位在壳体盖26的对角线地相对置的角上。卡锁元件70和配对卡锁元件71尤其是这样地设置,使得它们不超出壳体盖26的外表面65。
壳体盖26在一种变型方案中在接合方向8上贴靠在壳体部件16的外边缘76上并且通过壳体部件16的圆周壁77导向。在该实施方式中,壳体盖26不必借助定心管脚44精确地导向,因为圆周壁77和卡锁元件70与配对卡锁元件71承担了精确定位的功能。
在图7至9中再次示出根据本发明的制造方法的装配步骤。在壳体部件16中设有至少一个定心管脚44,具有定心开口45的印制电路板20在接合方向8上被套装到该定心管脚上。在***印制电路板20时,为了电触点接触,压入管脚49和/或焊接管脚48***到印制电路板20的接触开口50中。然后,将壳体盖26在接合方向8上借助壳体开口24套装到定心管脚44上。接着使定心管脚44的自由端部46塑性变形。在此形成保险头56,该保险头具有比壳体开口24的直径23大的直径57。
在图7中,自由端部46具有拱曲的表面42,以将印制电路板20引导到定心管脚44上并且实现印制电路板20相对于壳体部件16的预校准。在图7中可见,定心管脚44相对于定心开口45具有一定的间隙。在此,接触开口50这样地相对于压入管脚49预校准,即压入管脚49的圆锥形的尖端72压迫到接触开口50中并且通过形成夹紧连接在壳体部件16中被精密校准印制电路板20。为此,压入管脚49具有一个弹动的环73,该环定心地、弹动地贴靠在接触开口50的圆周壁上。压入管脚49设置在电的印制导线74上,这些印制导线被注射到壳体底部15中。印制电路板20在接合方向8上相对于转子轴32径向地被***,直到它靠置到壳体部件16上的止挡43上。在印制电路板20的面向转子轴32的侧上,转动位置传感器40固定在印制电路板上,该转动位置传感器与转子轴32上的信号发生器41配合作用。通过印制电路板20在止挡43上的贴靠43,转动位置传感器40相对于信号发生器41精确地被定位。
然后在图8中壳体盖26被推套到定心管脚44上并且以壳体盖26的凸起75将印制电路板20压靠到止挡43上。然后借助热压印使自由端部46这样地变形,即形成保险头56,该保险头在接合方向8上直接贴靠在壳体盖26的外侧上。由此将壳体盖26以及通过凸起75也将印制电路板20在接合方向8上压靠到止挡43上。在热压印期间,壳体盖26和/或印制电路板20通过确定的压紧力78压靠到壳体底部15上,直到保险头26被足够地冷却。在此,压紧力78可以通过压印冲头79施加,该压印冲头使自由端部46热变形。
要注意,对于在图中和在说明书中示出的实施例,各个特征彼此的各种各样的组合可能性是可能的。因此,例如电机10也在没有变速器30的情况下或者在带有不同于涡轮蜗杆变速器31的变速器形式的情况下构成。由此能够在必要时省去变速器壳体28,使得壳体部件16能够构造为纯粹的电子装置壳体25或者与电动机12的壳体组合的壳体。优选地,本发明用在换向器电动机12中,其中被绕线的转子借助设置在极靴36中的永磁体驱动。印制电路板20上的电子部件38的圆周及其电接触结构可以不同地构成。因此,印制电路板20例如可以仅仅构造为相对小的传感装置-电路板(Platine),或者带有或不带有脉宽调制(PWM)地实施。壳体盖26的结构、稳定性和形状以及壳体开口24的布置可以按照要求改变。电机10优选用于车辆中的调节驱动装置、例如用于调节座椅部件、车窗玻璃、滑动式车顶和开口盖板,但是不限于这些应用。
在本发明的优选设计方案中,定心管脚44无接触点地穿过定心开口45伸出,使得压入管脚49和/或焊接管脚48能够无应力地***到接触开口50中,并且尤其是能够无应力地与印制电路板20焊接。
本发明同样包括以下组合,即首先借助定心管脚44的塑性变形将印制电路板20固定在壳体部件16中,然后借助在定心管脚44的自由端部46上成形出保险头56来固定壳体盖26。在此,用于固定印制电路板20和壳体盖26的该塑性变形能够在不同的定心管脚44或相同的定心管脚44上进行。在有一种方案中,用于固定印制电路板20的塑性材料变形不是在定心管脚44的自由端部46上,而是在中间区域54上进行,在该中间区域上优选成形上一个凸缘。
Claims (28)
1.电机(10),该电机具有壳体部件(16),在该壳体部件中设有用于电控制所述电机(10)的印制电路板(20),其中,在所述壳体部件(16)中设有至少一个定心管脚(44),所述定心管脚配合到所述印制电路板(20)的定心开口(45)中,其特征在于,所述定心管脚(44)在其自由端部(46)上塑性变形;
其中所述定心管脚(44)穿过壳体盖(26)的壳体开口(24)伸出,并且所述定心管脚(44)的自由端部(46)在所述壳体盖(26)的外侧上塑性变形;以及
所述定心管脚(44)的塑性变形后的自由端部(46)具有比所述壳体盖(26)的壳体开口(24)的直径(23)大的直径(53)并且关于接合方向(8)形成保险头(56),该保险头阻止所述壳体盖(26)无破坏地被取下。
2.根据权利要求1的电机(10),其特征在于,所述至少一个定心管脚(44)与所述壳体部件(16)一体地成形为所述壳体部件(16)的凸起,并且所述自由端部(46)的塑性变形在输入热量的条件下借助热压印变形,其中,所述壳体部件(16)构造为塑料压力铸造部件。
3.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,所述定心管脚(44)横向于所述印制电路板(20)延伸并且在其与所述自由端部(46)相对置的侧上具有凸肩(43),所述印制电路板(20)在***状态中贴靠在所述凸肩上。
4.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,所述定心管脚(44)具有圆形的横截面,并且所述定心管脚(44)的自由端部(46)在所述电机(10)的最终装配状态中在所述塑性变形之后具有比所述定心管脚(44)的轴向中间区域(54)中的直径(53)大的直径(57)。
5.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,所述定心管脚(44)的塑性变形后的自由端部(46)将所述印制电路板(20)压靠到所述壳体部件(16)中的一凸肩(43)上,并且将所述印制电路板(20)在所有三个空间方向上相对于所述壳体部件(16)牢固地固定。
6.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,所述定心管脚(44)的塑性变形后的自由端部(46)具有比所述印制电路板(20)的定心开口(45)的直径(58)大的直径(53)并且变形后的所述自由端部(46)在接合方向(8)上直接贴靠在所述印制电路板(20)上。
7.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,所述印制电路板(20)具有电接触孔(50),压入管脚(49)被压入到所述电接触孔中和/或焊接管脚(48)被焊入到所述电接触孔中。
8.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,所述印制电路板(20)平行于所述电机(10)的转子轴(32)延伸并且承载电子部件(38)和/或用于检测所述转子轴(32)的转速的转动位置传感器(40),并且所述至少一个定心管脚(44)相对于所述转子轴(32)切向地定向。
9.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,所述壳体盖(26)具有卡锁元件(70),所述卡锁元件在封闭状态中卡锁地配合到所述壳体部件(16)的配对卡锁元件(71)中,其中,所述壳体盖(26)的圆周(80)设置在所述壳体部件(16)的环绕的壁(77)内部。
10.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,所述壳体开口(24)设置在所述壳体盖(26)的外表面(65)的罐形的凹部(60)内部,并且所述定心管脚(44)的塑性变形后的自由端部(46)向外不突出超过所述外表面(65)。
11.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,所述壳体盖(26)借助一在接合方向(8)上成形上的凸起(75)将所述印制电路板(20)在接合方向(8)上压靠到壳体底部(15)上。
12.根据权利要求1或2的电机(10),其特征在于,在所述壳体部件(16)上成形上恰好一个或恰好两个或恰好三个定心管脚(44)。
13.根据权利要求1的电机(10),其特征在于,所述电机是用于电动调节车辆中的活动部件的电机。
14.根据权利要求8的电机(10),其特征在于,所述电子部件(38)是微处理器(39)。
15.变速器-驱动单元(14),其包括构造为电动机(12)的根据以上权利要求中任一项的电机(10)和设置在下游的变速器(30),该变速器具有变速器壳体(28),在该变速器壳体中所述电动机(12)的转子轴(32)驱动变速器齿轮(34),其中,所述壳体部件(16)构造为电子装置壳体(25),该电子装置壳体是所述变速器壳体(28)的一体的组成部分。
16.根据权利要求15的变速器-驱动单元(14),其特征在于,变速器(30)是涡轮蜗杆变速器(31)。
17.电机(10),该电机具有壳体部件(16),在该壳体部件中设有用于电控制所述电机(10)的印制电路板(20),其中,在所述壳体部件(16)中设有至少一个定心管脚(44),所述定心管脚配合到所述印制电路板(20)的定心开口(45)中,其特征在于,所述定心管脚(44)在其自由端部(46)上塑性变形;
其中所述定心管脚(44)穿过壳体盖(26)的壳体开口(24)伸出,并且所述定心管脚(44)的自由端部(46)在所述壳体盖(26)的外侧上塑性变形;以及
所述壳体开口(24)设置在所述壳体盖(26)的外表面(65)的罐形的凹部(60)内部,并且所述定心管脚(44)的塑性变形后的自由端部(46)向外不突出超过所述外表面(65)。
18.根据权利要求17的电机(10),其特征在于,所述电机是用于电动调节车辆中的活动部件的电机。
19.电机(10),该电机具有壳体部件(16),在该壳体部件中设有用于电控制所述电机(10)的印制电路板(20),所述印制电路板(20)具有电接触孔(50),其中,在所述壳体部件(16)中设有至少一个定心管脚(44),所述定心管脚配合到所述印制电路板(20)的定心开口(45)中,其特征在于,所述定心管脚(44)在其自由端部(46)上塑性变形;
其中所述定心管脚(44)穿过壳体盖(26)的壳体开口(24)伸出,并且所述定心管脚(44)的自由端部(46)在所述壳体盖(26)的外侧上塑性变形;以及
在将所述印制电路板(20)压到所述定心管脚(44)上时,压入管脚(49)自锁地压入相应的电接触孔(50)中。
20.根据权利要求19的电机(10),其特征在于,所述电机是用于电动调节车辆中的活动部件的电机。
21.用于制造根据以上权利要求中任一项的电机(10)的方法,其特征在于以下方法步骤:
构造具有至少一个定心管脚(44)的壳体部件(16),所述定心管脚沿着印制电路板(20)的接合方向(8)延伸,
将具有至少一个定心开口(45)的印制电路板(20)在接合方向(8)上套装到所述定心管脚(44)上,
使所述定心管脚(44)的自由端部(46)塑性变形以形成保险头(56)。
22.根据权利要求21的用于制造电机(10)的方法,其特征在于,所述定心管脚(44)的自由端部(46)在其塑性变形之前具有拱曲的或圆锥形的或尖角形的或倒角的表面(42)。
23.根据权利要求21或22的用于制造电机(10)的方法,其特征在于,所述保险头(56)在接合方向(8)上贴靠在所述印制电路板(20)上,以便牢固地固定所述印制电路板,然后将焊接管脚(48)与所述印制电路板(20)焊接。
24.根据权利要求21或22的用于制造电机(10)的方法,其特征在于,在***所述印制电路板(20)之后在接合方向(8)上装配壳体盖(26),所述壳体盖封闭所述壳体部件(16)并且完全覆盖所述印制电路板(20),所述定心管脚(44)穿过所述壳体盖(26)的壳体开口(24)伸出,接着使所述定心管脚(44)的自由端部(46)塑性变形为保险头(56)。
25.根据权利要求21或22的用于制造电机(10)的方法,其特征在于,所述印制电路板(20)在***时借助所述定心管脚(44)被预定心,接着在将压入管脚(49)***到所述印制电路板(20)的相应的接触开口(50)中时所述印制电路板(20)在其精确位置方面被精密校准。
26.根据权利要求21或22的用于制造电机(10)的方法,其特征在于,在所述自由端部(46)塑性变形之后所述印制电路板(20)在接合方向(8)被压靠到所述壳体部件(16)的底部(15)上,其中,在所述自由端部(46)塑性变形期间所述壳体盖(26)和/或印制电路板(20)通过确定的压紧力(78)被压靠到所述壳体部件(16)的底部(15)上,直到所述塑性变形结束。
27.根据权利要求21或22的用于制造电机(10)的方法,其特征在于,借助热压印或热模压执行所述自由端部(46)的塑性变形,其中,所述自由端部(46)的材料首先借助热空气或借助热的压印冲头(79)熔化并且接着又主动地被冷却。
28.根据权利要求21或22的用于制造电机(10)的方法,其特征在于,电机(10)是车辆中的调节驱动装置。
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CN201210058558.6A CN103312091B (zh) | 2012-03-07 | 2012-03-07 | 用于电动调节车辆中的活动部件的电机以及用于制造电机的方法 |
DE102012203946A DE102012203946A1 (de) | 2012-03-07 | 2012-03-14 | Elektrische Maschine zum motorischen Verstellen beweglicher Teile im Kraftfahrzeug, sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen der elektrischen Maschine |
KR1020130023826A KR102038309B1 (ko) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-03-06 | 차량 내의 가동 부품들의 전동식 조절을 위한 전기 기계 및 전기 기계의 제조 방법 |
FR1352000A FR2987950B1 (fr) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-03-06 | Machine electrique pour actionner de maniere motorisee des pieces mobiles d'un vehicule et son procede de fabrication |
US13/786,655 US9225226B2 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-03-06 | Electric machine having a housing secured by plastically deformed centering pins |
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DE102013208177A1 (de) | 2013-05-03 | 2014-11-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gehäuseanordnung mit einem Gehäusebauteil für eine elektrische Maschine und einer elektrischen Leiterplatte |
DE102014213324A1 (de) * | 2014-07-09 | 2016-01-14 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Elektromechanischer Stellantrieb |
JP6680786B2 (ja) | 2015-01-08 | 2020-04-15 | セコ・エッセ・ピ・アSeko S.P.A. | ペリスタルティック・ポンプ、特に、ペリスタルティック・ドージングポンプ |
JP6668358B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-08 | 2020-03-18 | セコ・エッセ・ピ・アSeko S.P.A. | ペリスタルティック・ポンプ |
JP7024320B2 (ja) * | 2016-11-07 | 2022-02-24 | 株式会社デンソー | モータ |
DE102018212357A1 (de) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-01-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrisch verstellbarer Kindersitz zum Befestigen auf einem Kraftfahrzeugsitz, sowie Verfahren zum Verstellen einer Sitzschale des Kindersitzes |
DE112019003800T5 (de) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-04-15 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Kern, stator, und rotierende elektrische maschine |
DE102019203017A1 (de) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bauteilanordnung mit einer Verbindung zwischen zwei Bauteilen |
KR102364496B1 (ko) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-17 | 캄텍주식회사 | 차량용 액츄에이터 |
DE202023102912U1 (de) | 2023-05-25 | 2023-07-18 | Webasto SE | Gehäuse zur Aufnahme von elektronischen Komponenten in einem Dachsystem eines Fahrzeugs |
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DE102009027610A1 (de) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verstellantrieb, insbesondere Fensterheberantrieb |
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US9225226B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
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KR102038309B1 (ko) | 2019-10-31 |
DE102012203946A1 (de) | 2013-09-12 |
FR2987950A1 (fr) | 2013-09-13 |
KR20130102497A (ko) | 2013-09-17 |
US20130234567A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
CN103312091A (zh) | 2013-09-18 |
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