CN103274775B - Preparation method for auricularia polytricha cultivation material - Google Patents
Preparation method for auricularia polytricha cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses an auricularia polytricha cultivation material. The auricularia polytricha cultivation material is characterized by being prepared from crop straws, biogas residues and biogas slurry. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the cultivation material. Compared with the existing sawdust cultivation material, the auricularia polytricha cultivation material has the following advantages: firstly, the raw materials are extensive in source and low in price; the production cost is lowered and the economical benefits are improved; secondly, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the cultivation material is reasonable, the quick-acting nutrients and the slow-acting nutrients are balanced, so that the auricularia polytricha hypha can grow robustly at the early stage and can grow out hypha rapidly; nutrients are supplied sufficiently during the later-stage auricularia polytricha growth, and the produced auricularia polytricha is good in quality and yield is high; and thirdly, the agricultural waste is recycled to reach the purpose of making the best use of everything and changing the waste material into things of value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of auricularia polytricha cultivation material, be formulated by agricultural crop straw and natural pond slag, natural pond liquid, belong to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is one of main edible mushrooms in subtropical and tropical zones, have the laudatory title of " on tree Umbrella Rhopilema esculenta ", and demand is in the international market growing at present.Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. contains mineral substance and the multivitamin such as rich in protein and calcium, phosphorus, iron, and its fine hair, containing fungus polysaccharide, can prevent gallbladdergallstonecholetithiasis and hypertension effectively.In addition, also there is clearing lung-heat benefit gas, effect such as to invigorate blood circulation of enriching blood, be textile worker and the good protective foods of mine operation person, there is higher healthy nutritive value.
Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is a kind of wood rotting fungi, decomposes xylogen, cellulosic very capable.Conventional cultivation material for major ingredient, is more suitably equipped with the auxiliary material of the wheat bran, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, grouts and so on that are rich in organonitrogen and VITAMIN with deciduous tree wood sawdust, and the development of production consumes forest tree resource and livestock-raising feed.Therefore, must seek quantity many and obtain easily produce substitute material, just can make Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. industry be able to ensured sustained development development.
Natural pond slag, natural pond liquid are the residues of biogas fermentation, and that deals with the work along with intensive livestock and poultry farms ight soil and aquaculture wastewater carries out, and have natural pond slag to be utilized, natural pond liquid more and more.And these continuous, a large amount of, that concentrate discharge natural pond slag, natural pond liquid, as can not get properly disposal or utilizing, secondary pollution will certainly be caused to environment, also cause the significant wastage of resource simultaneously.
Natural pond slag is nutritious, wherein organic content 36%-49%, humic acid 10.1%-24.6%, crude protein 5%-9%, full nitrogen 0.8-17.9g/kg, full phosphorus 0.1-8.2g/kg, full potassium 0.05-7.9g/kg, in addition, also containing various trace elements and amino acid, there is quality loosen, potential of hydrogen is moderate, the feature of good water-retaining property; Nutritive ingredient in the liquid of natural pond exists with available nutrient form substantially, comprise the macroelement such as nitrogen (0.03%-0.08%), phosphorus (0.02%-0.07%), potassium (0.05%-1.4%), with calcium, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, selenium and other trace elements, also containing 17 seed amino acids and various bioactivators.Due to through long-term anaerobically fermenting, a large amount of germ in raw material and worm's ovum suffocate and die, and therefore, natural pond slag, natural pond liquid can not cause Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. growth causes harm, and are equivalent to the natural pond liquid crossed through sterilising treatment, are more conducive to absorbing of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc..
According to the biological characteristics of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., scientific utilization agricultural crop straw and natural pond slag, natural pond liquid making auricularia polytricha cultivation material, that is not only an Edible Fungi falls this behave, but also is a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of auricularia polytricha cultivation material compatibility that is raw material with agricultural crop straw and natural pond slag, natural pond liquid
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of auricularia polytricha cultivation material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: multiple kinds of crops stalk mixing bits 60%-70%, natural pond slag 30%-40%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%, regulates moisture content to 63%-65% with natural pond liquid.
Multiple kinds of crops stalk mixing bits: comprising the agricultural crop straws such as ramie core, Tong boon, reed stalk and Chinese sorghum, grain, sesame, Sunflower Receptacle, cotton, soybean, corn, barley, wheat, paddy rice, through drying, being ground into the particle of below 5mm.
Natural pond slag: at the methane-generating pit of normal gas producing more than 3 months, discards general slag, takes out the natural pond slag of abundant fermentation maturity, is deposited in natural draining on hardened ground, teds aeration, smashs to pieces into little granular, is dried to water content less than 15%, stores for future use.
Natural pond liquid: the natural pond liquid that goes out of methane-generating pit nature drop of normal gas producing more than 3 months, aeration 2d-3d in oxidation pond, can use, utilize this natural pond liquid substitute in conventional base with water, natural pond liquid is directly combined with base-material.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. to bank up fermentation: first various agricultural crop straw bits are turned evenly with natural pond slag in the dry state, thereafter evenly to splash natural pond liquid (fully drenched) to compound, then wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of often piling controls at dry weight 250kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
2. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, altogether turning 2-3 time, time remaining 4d-5d, and when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
3. pack: the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder adopting folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.25 ± 0.1) kg;
4. sterilizing, cooling: bacterium rod is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C;
Adopt play cave method (pocket keeps flat, and tow sides stagger) inoculation at 5, enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature controls at 20 DEG C-22 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 40d-45d, mycelia covers with bacterium bag, namely enters management of producing mushroom.
The novel method utilizing agricultural crop straw and natural pond slag, natural pond liquid cultivating Uricularia polytricha provided by the invention, has the advantage of three aspects: one is that culturing raw material source is wide, cheap; Production cost reduces, and economic benefit improves; It is reasonable that two is planting material carbon, nitrogen compares, and quick-acting nutrient is balanced with slowly available nutrient, shows as Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. mycelial growth in earlier stage strong, send out bacterium speed fast; It is sufficient that later stage goes out ear nutrient supply, and the Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. quality of production is good, output is high; Three is make recycling to agricultural wastes, reaches and makes the best use of everything, the object turned waste into wealth.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, auricularia polytricha cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: soybean stalk bits 20%, ramie core bits 30%, straw bits 15%, natural pond slag 35%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%, regulates moisture content to 63%-65% with natural pond liquid.
Making method:
1. to bank up fermentation: first various agricultural crop straw bits are turned evenly with natural pond slag in the dry state, thereafter evenly to splash natural pond liquid (fully drenched) to compound, then wet feed is piled high 1.2m, the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, long 5m, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
2. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, altogether turning 2 times, time remaining 4d, and when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 65%;
3. pack: the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder adopting folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.25 ± 0.1) kg;
4. sterilizing, cooling: bacterium rod is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C;
Adopt play cave method (pocket keeps flat, and tow sides stagger) inoculation at 5, enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature controls at 22 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls 65%, and through the cultivation of 41d, mycelia covers with bacterium bag, namely enters management of producing mushroom.
Utilize the planting material cultivating Uricularia polytricha of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 186.3%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, auricularia polytricha cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: ramie core bits 20%, cornstalk bits 30%, straw bits 10%, natural pond slag 40%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%, regulates moisture content to 63%-65% with natural pond liquid.Making method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivating Uricularia polytricha of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 199.2%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, auricularia polytricha cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: soybean stalk bits 30%, cornstalk bits 20%, Cotton Stalk bits 20%, natural pond slag 30%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%, regulates moisture content to 63%-65% with natural pond liquid.Making method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivating Uricularia polytricha of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 205.5%.
Mode 4: in the present embodiment, auricularia polytricha cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: cornstalk bits 25%, Cotton Stalk bits 25%, straw bits 12%, natural pond slag 38%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%, regulates moisture content to 63%-65% with natural pond liquid.Making method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivating Uricularia polytricha of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 187.4%.
The biological efficiency of table different ingredients cultivating Uricularia polytricha compares
Claims (5)
1. an auricularia polytricha cultivation material, is characterized in that containing, for example lower component and quality proportioning: multiple kinds of crops stalk mixing bits 60%-70%, natural pond slag 30%-40%, and be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%; The making method of described planting material is:
1. to bank up fermentation: first various agricultural crop straw bits are turned evenly with natural pond slag in the dry state, thereafter evenly to splash natural pond liquid to compound, make it fully drenched, then wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of often piling controls at dry weight 250kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
2. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, altogether turning 2-3 time, time remaining 4d-5d, and when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
3. pack: the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder adopting folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length 45cm, bacterium rod weight 2.25kg;
4. sterilizing, cooling: bacterium rod is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when after discharge cold air, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
2. auricularia polytricha cultivation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described multiple kinds of crops stalk mixing bits, comprise ramie core, piemarker bone, reed stalk and Chinese sorghum, grain, sesame, Sunflower Receptacle, cotton, soybean, corn, barley, wheat, paddy rice agricultural crop straw, through drying, be ground into the particle of below 5mm.
3. auricularia polytricha cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described natural pond slag, is the waste residues in methane tank of normal gas producing more than 3 months, fully fermentation maturity, through aerobic treatment, naturally dries, and controls water content less than 15%, stores for future use.
4. auricularia polytricha cultivation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described natural pond liquid, the natural pond liquid that the methane-generating pit nature drop for normal gas producing more than 3 months goes out, aeration 2d-3d in oxidation pond, utilize this natural pond liquid substitute in conventional base with water, regulate moisture content to 63%-65%.
5. auricularia polytricha cultivation material according to claim 1, beat cave method and inoculate for 5 that it is characterized in that made planting material adopts tow sides to stagger, enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature controls at 20 DEG C-22 DEG C, relative air humidity controls at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 40d-45d, mycelia covers with bacterium bag, namely enters management of producing mushroom.
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| CN103483077A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2014-01-01 | 天津市宏胜源食用菌科技发展有限公司 | Edible mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641556B (en) * | 2013-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing pholiota nameko culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN104649815A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-27 | 邬金飞 | Preparation method of auricularia polytricha cultivation material |
| CN104584879A (en) * | 2015-02-22 | 2015-05-06 | 邬方成 | Cultivation method of auricularia polytricha |
| CN104744136A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of auricularia polytricha cultivation material |
| CN104737799A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Auricularia polytricha cultivating method |
| CN104737798A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Auricularia polytricha cultivating method |
| CN105218197B (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2018-07-13 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | A kind of pilose antler mushroom cultivation medium formula and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718020B (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2020-04-28 | 玉林市微生物研究所 | Auricularia polytricha cultivation method taking cassava stems as auxiliary materials |
| CN106489540B (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2019-06-14 | 福建省南平市农业科学研究所 | The breeding method and products thereof of dragon's paw mushroom |
| CN110447461A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-15 | 贵州山环菌草科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method improving edible mushroom yield and quality |
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| JPH10338587A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-12-22 | Nkk Corp | Low carbon/nitrogen ratio compost and its production |
| CN100542394C (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-09-23 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Culture base-material of a kind of stalk natural pond slag for cultivating coprinus comatus and preparation method thereof |
| CN101125773B (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2010-08-25 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for cultivating drumstick mushroom by using swamp liquid |
| CN100586271C (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2010-02-03 | 曹德宾 | Pleurotus ostreatus cultivating substrate by using medicine slag and marsh slag and preparation method thereof |
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