CN103641612A - Method for manufacturing Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material from sunflower byproducts - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material from sunflower byproducts Download PDF

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CN103641612A
CN103641612A CN201310645393.7A CN201310645393A CN103641612A CN 103641612 A CN103641612 A CN 103641612A CN 201310645393 A CN201310645393 A CN 201310645393A CN 103641612 A CN103641612 A CN 103641612A
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good fortune
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邬金梅
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention relates to a Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material which is characterized in that sunflower byproducts, including sunflower heads, sunflower straws, sunflower seed husks and sunflower seed cakes, are used as main raw materials; cottonseed hull, lime powder, gypsum powder, calcium superphosphate and the like are used as auxiliary materials; and the water content of the culture material is 63-65%. The invention also relates to a manufacturing method of the culture material. The method has the following advantages: the fine and rough raw materials are proportioned reasonably, so that the culture material has favorable air permeability and high water retention property, and the Tricholoma lobayense Heim hypha can grow vigorously; the culture material has the advantages of balanced nutrition, good growth vigor of Tricholoma lobayense Heim and high yield, and the biological efficiency is up to 112.4-120.3%; and the method provides a solution for innocent treatment of sunflower heads, sunflower straws and sunflower seed husks, and finds out a new substrate for culturing Tricholoma lobayense Heim.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing Sunflower Receptacle by product to make golden good fortune mushroom planting material
Technical field
The present invention utilizes Sunflower Receptacle by product-Receptaculum Helianthi, Sunflower Stalk, sunflower seed shell and sunflower seeds grouts to make golden good fortune mushroom planting material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Jin Fugu has another name called Tricholoma lobayense, large spoken parts in traditional operas mushroom, is a kind of high-quality edible mushroom being in exploitation.Its sporophore is grown thickly, and just, bacterial context is plump for mushroom body circle, and taste is micro-sweet and delicious, has obvious mushroom fragrance, and storage tolerance is good, is described as the taste matter outstanding person in excellent mushroom that holds concurrently.
Jin Fugu belongs to middle and high warm type mushroom, suitablely between summer to autumn, cultivates, and has the advantage of supplementary slack season, and its economic worth is very high, thereby has future develop.
Raw material for cultivating tricholoma lobayense is mainly cotton seed hulls, weed tree sawdust etc. at present.But nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, cotton seed hulls class cost of material continuous rise, Jin Fugu produces the problem that faces shortage of raw materials and production cost rising, so each production unit is all attached great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Sunflower Receptacle, composite family annual herb plant, has another name called sunflower, turns a day lotus, originates in the west and south of North America, imports China's history of existing more than 400 year into.As a kind of important oil resource, its output is only second to soybean in the world.In China, Sunflower Receptacle cultivation is also more extensive, is mainly distributed in northeast, northwest and North China, at present cultivated area approximately 960,000 hm 2, sunflower seeds annual production approaches 2,000,000 t.
As Sunflower Receptacle big producing country, China has realized to the utilization of Sunflower Receptacle the suitability for industrialized production that sunflower seed oil extracts.Sunflower Receptacle except sunflower seeds is edible and oil expression, the comprehensive utilization of its by product Receptaculum Helianthi (sloughing the sunflower plate of sunflower seeds), Sunflower Stalk, sunflower seed shell (certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell) and sunflower seeds grouts also has a large amount of research, but utilization ratio is still very low so far.
Sunflower Receptacle Receptaculum Helianthi output is about as much as 50% of seed production, and China approximately produces 1,000,000 t Receptaculum Helianthi every year, utilizes at present that method has fermentation and biogas production, also field and fodder are processed three major types, but major part is still incinerated, and causes the significant wastage of resource; Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell output is about as much as 35% of seed production, approximately has every year 700000 t, these certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shells, and most of processing enterprise processes it as waste, both increased production cost, again contaminate environment; Sunflower Stalk is upright, sturdy, and biomass is high, and all the time, a large amount of Sunflower Stalk is all burned in the fields, and crop straw burning is serious environment pollution not only, brings potential safety hazard more can to traffic, civil aviaton etc.
According to surveying and determination: Sunflower Receptacle Receptaculum Helianthi powder contains crude protein 15.82%, crude fat 5.59%, crude fibre 16.10%-23.5%, nitrogen-free extract 42.10%, also contain calcium 1.41%, phosphorus 0.51%; Sunflower Stalk contains crude protein 4.9%, robust fibre 45.6%-54.04%, nitrogen-free extract 35.7%; Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell contains crude protein 5.4%-5.5%, crude fat 1.6%, crude fibre 47.4%-51.1%, also contains the trace elements such as zinc 0.045%, magnesium 0.23%, calcium 0.35%-0.44%, phosphorus 0.08%-0.10%; By product when sunflower seeds grouts are sunflower seeds liquefaction, its protein content reaches 38%-42%, Methionin 1.0%-1.2%, methionine(Met) 0.6%-0.7%, nutritive value is higher.These components above, carbon source, the nitrogenous source that can grow and provide essential for Jin Fugu.
Edible mushrooms Main Cultivation raw material (cotton seed hulls, wood chip) increasingly shortage today, if the by product Receptaculum Helianthi of Sunflower Receptacle, Sunflower Stalk, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material cultivating tricholoma lobayenses of sunflower seed shell, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take the golden good fortune mushroom planting material compatibility that Sunflower Receptacle Receptaculum Helianthi, Sunflower Stalk, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell and sunflower seeds grouts are main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A golden good fortune mushroom planting material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 18%-22%, Sunflower Stalk bits 21%-27%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet 25%-35%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.
Receptaculum Helianthi bits: the particle that dries, is ground into particle diameter 2mm-3mm.
Sunflower Stalk bits: the particle that dries, is ground into particle diameter 3mm-4mm.
Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet: the fine platy particle that dries, is ground into particle diameter 3mm-4mm.
Calcium superphosphate: be water soluble quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, phosphorus, sulphur nutritive ingredient are provided.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize the potential of hydrogen of planting material, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilizes ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. prewet: first Receptaculum Helianthi bits, Sunflower Stalk bits, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 1% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenched);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2 m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, carry out after heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m 3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: turning interval time is 2,2,1 days, turning is 2 times altogether, time remaining 5d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under to heap center, during turning for the first time, add whole terra albas, during last turning, add whole cotton seed hullss, sunflower seeds grouts and calcium superphosphate, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
After planting material access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 27 ℃-28 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 20d-22d, mycelia is covered with pocket, then after-ripening 7d-10d, can enter management of producing mushroom.
It is main raw material that by product-Receptaculum Helianthi, Sunflower Stalk, sunflower seed shell and the sunflower seeds grouts of Sunflower Receptacle are take in the present invention, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, lime powder, terra alba, calcium superphosphate, makes golden good fortune mushroom planting material.Its advantage is: the one, and rationally, bacterium material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong for planting material thickness collocation, and golden good fortune mushroom mycelial growth is vigorous; The 2nd, planting material is balanced in nutrition, and golden good fortune mushroom growing way is good, and output is high, and its biological efficiency reaches 112.4%-120.3%; The 3rd, not only the harmless treatment for Receptaculum Helianthi, Sunflower Stalk, sunflower seed shell provides a terms of settlement, also for a kind of new matrix has been found in golden good fortune mushroom cultivation.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, golden good fortune mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 18%, Sunflower Stalk bits 21%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet 35%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: the 2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilizes ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. prewet: first Receptaculum Helianthi bits, Sunflower Stalk bits, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 1% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenched);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.2 m, the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 500kg, carries out after heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm, and at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m 3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: turning interval time is 2,2,1 days, turning is 2 times altogether, time remaining 5d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under to heap center, during turning for the first time, add whole terra albas, during last turning, add whole cotton seed hullss, sunflower seeds grouts and calcium superphosphate, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
After planting material access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 28 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 65%.Through the cultivation of 22d, mycelia is covered with pocket, then after-ripening 8d, enters management of producing mushroom.The planting material cultivating tricholoma lobayense that utilizes the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 120.3%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, golden good fortune mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 20%, Sunflower Stalk bits 24%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet 30%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The planting material cultivating tricholoma lobayense that utilizes the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 115.5%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, golden good fortune mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 22%, Sunflower Stalk bits 27%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet 25%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The planting material cultivating tricholoma lobayense that utilizes the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 112.4%.
The golden good fortune mushroom biological efficiency of table different modes planting material
Unit (%)
Figure 841290DEST_PATH_IMAGE001

Claims (7)

1. a golden good fortune mushroom planting material, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 18%-22%, Sunflower Stalk bits 21%-27%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet 25%-35%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of golden good fortune mushroom planting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Receptaculum Helianthi bits are sunflower plates of sloughing sunflower seeds, through drying the particle that is ground into particle diameter 2mm-3mm.
3. a kind of golden good fortune mushroom planting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Sunflower Stalk bits are Sunflower Receptacle stem stalks, through drying the particle that is ground into particle diameter 3mm-4mm.
4. a kind of golden good fortune mushroom planting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet be Sunflower Receptacle sunflower seed shell, through drying the fine platy particle that is ground into particle diameter 3mm-4mm.
5. a kind of golden good fortune mushroom planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that by product when described sunflower seeds grouts are sunflower seeds liquefaction.
6. a making method for the golden good fortune mushroom planting material described in claim 1-5, is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilizes ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. prewet: first Receptaculum Helianthi bits, Sunflower Stalk bits, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell sheet are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 1% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenched);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2 m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, carry out after heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m 3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: turning interval time is 2,2,1 days, turning is 2 times altogether, time remaining 5d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under to heap center, during turning for the first time, add whole terra albas, during last turning, add whole cotton seed hullss, sunflower seeds grouts and calcium superphosphate, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
7. utilize the golden good fortune mushroom planting material described in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that accessing after bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 27 ℃-28 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, cultivation through 20d-22d, mycelia is covered with pocket, then after-ripening 7d-10d, can enter management of producing mushroom.
CN201310645393.7A 2013-12-05 2013-12-05 Method for manufacturing Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material from sunflower byproducts Expired - Fee Related CN103641612B (en)

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104892255A (en) * 2015-06-19 2015-09-09 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 Application of siraitia grosvenorii fruit residues in cultivation of Tricholoma lobayense Heim
CN107522544A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-12-29 广西钟山县富强雅瑶华香农业有限公司 A kind of cloud ear special culture media made using sunflower accessory substance
CN108276115A (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-13 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 A kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch
CN108276116A (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-13 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 A kind of golden ear culture material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch
CN108276122A (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-13 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 A kind of true pleurotus cornucopiae cultivating material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch
CN108276119A (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-13 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 A kind of long root mushroom culture material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104892255A (en) * 2015-06-19 2015-09-09 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 Application of siraitia grosvenorii fruit residues in cultivation of Tricholoma lobayense Heim
CN108276115A (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-13 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 A kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch
CN108276116A (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-13 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 A kind of golden ear culture material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch
CN108276122A (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-13 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 A kind of true pleurotus cornucopiae cultivating material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch
CN108276119A (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-13 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 A kind of long root mushroom culture material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch
CN107522544A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-12-29 广西钟山县富强雅瑶华香农业有限公司 A kind of cloud ear special culture media made using sunflower accessory substance

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