CN103256841A - Novel energy storage cooling device - Google Patents
Novel energy storage cooling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103256841A CN103256841A CN2013101488408A CN201310148840A CN103256841A CN 103256841 A CN103256841 A CN 103256841A CN 2013101488408 A CN2013101488408 A CN 2013101488408A CN 201310148840 A CN201310148840 A CN 201310148840A CN 103256841 A CN103256841 A CN 103256841A
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- Prior art keywords
- radiation seed
- heat pipe
- material portion
- novel energy
- radiation
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel energy storage cooling device. The device comprises a foam material portion, a loop heat pipe, a phase-change material and a radiation box, wherein the loop heat pipe is connected with the radiation box, the foam material portion is respectively connected with the outer wall of the loop heat pipe and the inner wall of the radiation box, and the phase-change material in a liquid state is poured into the radiation box and is filled among the inner wall of the radiation box, the foam material portion and the loop heat pipe. By means of the high heat-conducting property of the loop heat pipe, the large specific surface area of the foam material portion and large phase change latent heat of the phase-change material, the novel energy storage cooling device has the advantages of being large in heat capacity, large in thermal diffusivity and the like. The novel energy storage cooling device can be applied to spaceflight electronic components which are large in heat generating amount and high in heat flux and work in a periodical mode. The novel energy storage cooling device has the advantages of being fast in heat responding speed, high in temperature control precision, large in short period heat absorption amount, light in weight, reliable in system and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heat abstractor of spacecraft thermal control technical field, specifically is a kind of novel energy-storing heat abstractor.
Background technology
The demand that the driving force of spacecraft thermal control technical development mainly develops from the following task of spacecraft.For the spacecraft thermal control system, the key factor that promotes development comprises temperature levels, temperature control precision, instrument heat flow density, hot fed distance and heat dissipation effective heat sink etc. of power level, control.
Along with the development of space technology, the local or instantaneous power of some equipment can be up to hundreds of watts/square centimeters, as laser diode, high power sensing chip, high power directed energy weapon etc.Oneself can't meet the demands existing cooling means, and in recent years, the microchannel evaporation cooling technique that NASA is developing and spraying cooling technology might solve the cooling problem of high heat flow density.But these technology still are in conceptual phase, and leaving practical application still has suitable distance.
In addition, along with the temperature controlling range of instrument on the spacecraft also become more and more narrow, be generally 1 ° of C of scholar, some Space Optical System are 01 ° of C of scholar, the more accurate mK magnitude that reaches.
Therefore, need a kind of cooling device with efficient heat transfer and high accuracy of temperature control, oneself is through becoming the bottleneck problem of restriction spacecraft development.The heat transfer technology of being badly in need of micro high efficiency is paved the way for its development.And as a kind of heat sinking cooling technology, little, in light weight and equivalent heat output is big because of its size etc. that characteristics have demonstrated advantage in this field for loop circuit heat pipes such as heat pipe, micro heat pipe, pulsating heat pipe, loop circuit heat pipe, and oneself has application in the electronic devices and components field.Yet though the thermal conductivity factor of above-mentioned loop circuit heat pipe is very high, heat exchange area is limited.This makes that the thermal resistance between loop circuit heat pipe and heat remittance is still bigger.
Loop circuit heat pipe is that a kind of dependence capillary draft drives the working medium circulation, utilizes the cyclic system of the phase-change heat transfer of working medium, is a kind of separated heat pipe that is come by the heat pipe development.Compare with heat pipe, its difference is that wick structure only is present in the evaporimeter, and evaporimeter and condenser be separated, and steam pipework and liquid line can be arranged arbitrarily, so LHP has range of application widely.In addition, it is strong that LHP has heat-transfer capability, and isothermal is good, and long its safety coefficient advantages of higher of transmission range is the ideal device of spacecraft thermal control and dissipation from electronic devices.
Foamed material portion is a kind of new material with each side excellent properties emerging over past ten years.Different according to hole average diameter and pore structure, foamed material portion has sizable specific area, the specific area of existing foamed material portion oneself through surpassing 100OOm
2/ m
3And common hexahedral specific area has only 6m
2/ m
3, the specific area of fin commonly used also has only 30 1 1OOm
2/ m
3The foamed material portion of bigger serface is applied to radiator makes the area of dissipation of radiator improve several magnitude.In addition, foamed material portion can manufacture anisotropic material.U.S. a company has made a kind of high temperature sintering graphite foam, and its density has only 10% of solid graphite, and the thermal conductivity factor of planar direction is 233W/ (m. ° of C), and the thickness direction thermal conductivity factor is 4.5W/ (m. ° of C).This anisotropic heat conductivility extremely is conducive to do the expansion radiating surface of heat pipe.Good heat conductive performance perpendicular to the in-plane of heat pipe makes the efficiently radiates heat area of radiator bigger, and the relatively poor heat conductivility that is parallel to the heat pipe direction is conducive to the startup of heat pipe under little load.
Phase-change material has very big latent heat.For example, the thawing latent heat of hexadecane is 237KJ/kg.The peak heat load that it produces in the time of can absorbing high power device work dissipates heat when instrument is not worked.Yet the thermal conductivity factor of phase-change material is often smaller, and the peak load in the time of can not absorbing high power device work fast and effectively causes the high power device temperature to raise and exceeds the normal working temperature scope of instrument.
At present, when solving the thermal control problem of the big caloric value device of periodic duty, application start formula radiator often.This has not only produced the problem of spacecraft weightening finish, also because increased many driving mechanisms that have the single point failure problem, the reliability of whole star is reduced.
Summary of the invention
At defective of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel energy-storing heat abstractor.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A kind of novel energy-storing heat abstractor, comprise foamed material portion, loop circuit heat pipe, phase-change material and radiation seed, wherein, described loop circuit heat pipe is connected with radiation seed, described foamed material portion is connected with the outer wall of loop circuit heat pipe and the inwall of radiation seed respectively, described phase-change material pours into radiation seed with liquid condition, and is filled between radiation seed inwall, foamed material portion and the loop circuit heat pipe.
Preferably, described foamed material portion is metal foam, graphite foam or carbon foam.
Preferably, described foamed material portion is connected with the outer wall of loop circuit heat pipe and the inwall of radiation seed in the mode of foaming.
Preferably, described radiation seed comprises the radiation seed base plate, and during described foamed material portion foaming, the machine direction of foamed material portion is parallel to the plane of radiation seed base plate.
Preferably, described radiation seed also comprises radiation seed wall and radiation seed cover plate, the wire chamber box of sealing around described radiation seed base plate, radiation seed wall and radiation seed cover plate constitute; Described loop circuit heat pipe is connected on the radiation seed base plate by welding manner.
Preferably, described radiation seed cover plate is connected the top of radiation seed wall by welding manner.
Preferably, the outer surface of the outer surface of described radiation seed wall and radiation seed cover plate is equipped with low absorptivity-emissivity ratio coating.
Preferably, described loop circuit heat pipe comprises liquid line, compensating liquid device, condenser, gas piping and evaporimeter, wherein, one end of described liquid line and gas piping is connected with the two ends of evaporimeter respectively, the other end of described liquid line and gas piping is connected with the two ends of condenser respectively, described condenser, compensating liquid device and partially liq pipeline are inserted in the radiation seed, and described foamed material portion is connected on the outer wall of condenser, compensating liquid device and partially liq pipeline.
Novel energy-storing heat abstractor provided by the invention, by in the outside frothing foam material of loop circuit heat pipe portion, make this heat abstractor have characteristics such as volume is little, in light weight, cheap for manufacturing cost, thermal response is fast, heat transfer property is high, easy to process, stable, be suitable for the spacecraft electronic device of accuracy of temperature control height, big power consumption cyclical intermission work.
Description of drawings
By reading the detailed description of non-limiting example being done with reference to the following drawings, it is more obvious that other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become:
Fig. 1 is novel energy-storing construction for heat radiating device schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Among the figure: 1 is liquid line, and 2 is radiation seed, and 3 is phase-change material, and 4 is foamed material portion, and 5 is the compensating liquid device, and 6 is condenser, and 7 is gas piping, and 8 is evaporimeter.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, has provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process.Should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment provides a kind of novel energy-storing heat abstractor, comprise foamed material portion, loop circuit heat pipe, phase-change material and radiation seed, wherein, described loop circuit heat pipe is connected with radiation seed, described foamed material portion is connected with the outer wall of loop circuit heat pipe and the inwall of radiation seed respectively, and described phase-change material pours into radiation seed with liquid condition, and is filled between radiation seed inwall, foamed material portion and the loop circuit heat pipe.
Further, described foamed material portion is metal foam, graphite foam or carbon foam.
Further, described foamed material portion is connected with the outer wall of loop circuit heat pipe and the inwall of radiation seed in the mode of foaming.
Further, described radiation seed comprises the radiation seed base plate, and during described foamed material portion foaming, the machine direction of foamed material portion is parallel to the plane of radiation seed base plate.
Further, described radiation seed also comprises radiation seed wall and radiation seed cover plate, the wire chamber box of sealing around described radiation seed base plate, radiation seed wall and radiation seed cover plate constitute; Described loop circuit heat pipe is connected on the radiation seed base plate by welding manner.
Further, described radiation seed cover plate is connected the top of radiation seed wall by welding manner.
Further, the outer surface of the outer surface of described radiation seed wall and radiation seed cover plate is equipped with low absorptivity-emissivity ratio coating.
Further, described loop circuit heat pipe comprises liquid line, compensating liquid device, condenser, gas piping and evaporimeter, wherein, one end of described liquid line and gas piping is connected with the two ends of evaporimeter respectively, the other end of described liquid line and gas piping is connected with the two ends of condenser respectively, described condenser, compensating liquid device and partially liq pipeline are inserted in the radiation seed, and described foamed material portion is connected on the outer wall of condenser, compensating liquid device and partially liq pipeline.
Be specially, foamed material portion comprises: metal foam, plastic foam, graphite foam, carbon foam; Phase-change material comprises: high temperature phase change material (pcm), middle temperature phase-change material, low-temperature phase-change material; Radiation seed is the metal thin-wall chamber.Be connected by the mode that compresses between the base plate of radiation seed and the instrument that needs heat radiation, contact-making surface is filled heat filling to reduce thermal contact resistance; Loop circuit heat pipe is connected by soldering or the like on the base plate of radiation seed; Foamed material portion is connected on the inwall of loop circuit heat pipe and radiation seed by the mode of foaming; Phase-change material heating back is filled between foamed material portion, loop circuit heat pipe and the radiation seed with liquid condition; After phase-change material cooling was solidified, the upper cover plate of radiation seed was connected to the upper end of radiation seed in the mode of welding, makes radiation seed become the sealed hollow isolated with the outside.
Condenser, compensating liquid device and partially liq pipeline are inserted radiation seed, and foamed material portion is connected on the inwall of condenser, compensating liquid device and partially liq pipeline and radiation seed in the mode of foaming.Phase-change material heating back is injected between the space of foamed material portion with the state of liquid.After phase-change material solidifies, the upper cover plate of radiation seed is connected to the upside of wall around the radiation seed in the mode of welding.Loop circuit heat pipe, radiation seed are aluminium material, and foamed material portion is that commaterial can effectively reduce their thermal contact resistances each other.And material of the same race can also reduce the unreliability of expanding with heat and contract with cold and bringing between the different parts.
In the present embodiment, the tubing that uses in the described loop circuit heat pipe is aluminium, and working medium is ammonia; Phase-change material is hexadecane, and its fusing point is 16.7 ° of C; Foamed material portion is aluminum foam, and its porosity is 90%, and the machine direction thermal conductivity factor is 43W/ (m. ° of C), and vertical fibers direction thermal conductivity factor is 5W/ (m. ° of C); Radiation seed 2 is the aluminum closed metal chamber of wall thickness 3mm.The foamed material portion that uses in the present embodiment has lightweight characteristics, the demand of compound spacecraft loss of weight.The foamed material portion of equal volume is generally 5% ~ 20% of simple metal weight of the same race.By adjusting the porosity of foamed material portion, can reach the purpose of adjusting material thermal conductivity and weight.
The novel energy-storing heat abstractor that present embodiment provides, its operation principle is: utilize the latent heat of phase change of phase-change material to absorb the heat that produces when the periodic duty device is worked, the temperature of retainer member; The material that latent heat of phase change is big, for example: water, paraffin etc. often exists heat conductivility not good, the problem that temperature diffusivity is smaller.Utilize the high thermal conductivity of loop circuit heat pipe, the caloric value when making device work is transmitted to phase-change material with response speed as quickly as possible; Though the thermal conductivity factor of loop circuit heat pipe is high.But the contact area of itself and phase-change material is less, can not give phase-change material with the efficient conduction of heat.Foamed material portion has big specific area and bigger thermal conductivity factor, and its specific area and thermal conductivity factor are different and different with the average pore size of material, porosity etc.This novel energy-storing heat abstractor is a kind of heat abstractor that has big thermal capacitance, big temperature diffusivity in conjunction with the big specific heat capacity of phase-change material, the high thermal conductivity coefficient of loop circuit heat pipe and the bigger serface of foamed material portion.
The heat that produces during instrument work is with the base plate of heat conducting mode by heat filling and radiation seed; Base plate is delivered to heat in heat conducting mode the hot junction of loop circuit heat pipe; Loop circuit heat pipe with heat to the direction transmission vertical with parallel with the radiation seed base plate; The fiber side of foamed material portion is asked parallel with the radiation seed base plate (foamed material portion is anisotropic material, and the thermal conductivity ratio of machine direction is higher), loop circuit heat pipe in the horizontal direction in heat conducting mode with heat transferred foamed material portion; Phase-change material in the mode of phase transformation with heat absorption; Phase-change material is delivered to heat in the mode of phase-change heat-exchange the outer wall on five surfaces of radiation; The outer wall on five surfaces of radiation seed is delivered to the deep cooling space by the mode of radiation heat transfer with heat.
Because the caloric value of instrument is very big, when instrument is worked, radiation seed be difficult to heat synchronous be discharged into the deep cooling space, the instrument caloric value that can not discharge is stored in the phase-change material in the mode of phase transformation.When instrument was not worked, phase-change material remained in the control temperature range temperature of instrument to solidify the mode heating instrument of heat release.Simultaneously, phase-change material by the radiation seed outer wall to the space heat release, required cold when storing apparatus is worked next time.
By rational design, the heat that phase-change material absorbs when instrument is worked discharges next time when instrument is worked and finishes.The temperature of this sampling instrument can be maintained near the phase transition temperature of phase-change material, makes the temperature control of instrument in narrow scope, improves the temperature-controlled precision of instrument.
Because existing temperature control technique often when instrument is not worked, keeps the temperature of instrument unlikely low excessively by electrically heated mode, the novel energy-storing heat abstractor that present embodiment provides has been saved the energy of preciousness on the spacecraft in the mode of phase-change accumulation energy.
Characteristics such as present embodiment is ripe based on the loop circuit heat pipe technology, and volume is little, and conductive heat flow density is big, and heat output is big.This device is particularly suited for heat flow density big, and the heat radiation of the device that heat dissipation capacity is bigger has that thermal response speed is fast, temperature-controlled precision is high, in light weight, reliability advantages of higher.
In addition, present embodiment is conducive to the startup of loop circuit heat pipe, the especially startup of loop circuit heat pipe under little thermic load.The startup of loop circuit heat pipe mainly is the temperature difference of setting up between evaporimeter and the compensating liquid device, makes the working medium in the evaporimeter produce certain degree of superheat.The main means of loop circuit heat pipe startup now have two kinds, and the one, paste electric heater at the evaporimeter outer wall; The one, configuring semiconductor refrigerator on loop circuit heat pipe to compensating liquid device refrigeration, heats evaporimeter simultaneously.Two kinds of Starting mode all need to expend the energy valuable on the spacecraft.Condenser and compensating liquid device at loop circuit heat pipe are dosed phase-change material, can when starting, little thermic load keep near the three phase point of temperature at phase-change material of compensating liquid device, make the cycle fluid in the evaporimeter produce the required degree of superheat fast, realize the smooth startup of loop circuit heat pipe.
More than specific embodiments of the invention are described.It will be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementations, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or modification within the scope of the claims, and this does not influence flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. novel energy-storing heat abstractor, it is characterized in that, comprise foamed material portion, loop circuit heat pipe, phase-change material and radiation seed, wherein, described loop circuit heat pipe is connected with radiation seed, described foamed material portion is connected with the outer wall of loop circuit heat pipe and the inwall of radiation seed respectively, and described phase-change material pours into radiation seed with liquid condition, and is filled between radiation seed inwall, foamed material portion and the loop circuit heat pipe.
2. novel energy-storing heat abstractor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described foamed material portion is metal foam, graphite foam or carbon foam.
3. novel energy-storing heat abstractor according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described foamed material portion is connected with the outer wall of loop circuit heat pipe and the inwall of radiation seed in the mode of foaming.
4. novel energy-storing heat abstractor according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described radiation seed comprises the radiation seed base plate, and during described foamed material portion foaming, the machine direction of foamed material portion is parallel to the plane of radiation seed base plate.
5. novel energy-storing heat abstractor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described radiation seed comprises radiation seed base plate, radiation seed wall and radiation seed cover plate, wherein, and the wire chamber box of sealing around described radiation seed base plate, radiation seed wall and radiation seed cover plate constitute; Described loop circuit heat pipe is connected on the radiation seed base plate by welding manner.
6. novel energy-storing heat abstractor according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described radiation seed cover plate is connected the top of radiation seed wall by welding manner.
7. novel energy-storing heat abstractor according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the outer surface of the outer surface of described radiation seed wall and radiation seed cover plate is equipped with low absorptivity-emissivity ratio coating.
8. according to each described novel energy-storing heat abstractor in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described loop circuit heat pipe comprises liquid line, the compensating liquid device, condenser, gas piping and evaporimeter, wherein, one end of described liquid line and gas piping is connected with the two ends of evaporimeter respectively, the other end of described liquid line and gas piping is connected with the two ends of condenser respectively, described condenser, compensating liquid device and partially liq pipeline are inserted in the radiation seed, and described foamed material portion is connected condenser, on the outer wall of compensating liquid device and partially liq pipeline.
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| CN201310148840.8A CN103256841B (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | A kind of energy storage heat abstractor |
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| CN201310148840.8A CN103256841B (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | A kind of energy storage heat abstractor |
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| CN103256841A true CN103256841A (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| CN103256841B CN103256841B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104236358A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-24 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Phase-changing heat storage device of detector |
| CN105246299A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-13 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Heat radiation energy storage device |
| CN106697335A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-24 | 上海卫星装备研究所 | Energy storage and temperature control cooler structure for spacecraft and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107168415A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-15 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Fast-response phase-change temperature control device |
| CN109631635A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-04-16 | 青岛金玉大商贸有限公司 | A kind of loop circuit heat pipe storage heater of heat storage capacity variation |
| CN106444917B (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2019-05-24 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of temperature regulating device of space flight periodic duty heat source |
| CN115406275A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-29 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Controllable quick-response phase-change heat storage system, processing method and heat transfer method |
| CN115663571A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-31 | 中国航天三江集团有限公司 | Low-power-consumption heat dissipation cooling device and cooling method for laser |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104236358A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-24 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Phase-changing heat storage device of detector |
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| CN107168415A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-15 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Fast-response phase-change temperature control device |
| CN107168415B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-03-31 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Quick response phase change temperature control device |
| CN109631635A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-04-16 | 青岛金玉大商贸有限公司 | A kind of loop circuit heat pipe storage heater of heat storage capacity variation |
| CN109631635B (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-04-10 | 青岛佰腾科技有限公司 | Loop heat pipe heat accumulator with variable heat accumulation capacity |
| CN111397413A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-07-10 | 青岛佰腾科技有限公司 | Loop heat pipe heat accumulator |
| CN111397413B (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2021-02-26 | 青岛乾福圣耀商贸有限公司 | Loop heat pipe heat accumulator |
| CN115406275A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-29 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Controllable quick-response phase-change heat storage system, processing method and heat transfer method |
| CN115663571A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-31 | 中国航天三江集团有限公司 | Low-power-consumption heat dissipation cooling device and cooling method for laser |
| CN115663571B (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2024-02-06 | 中国航天三江集团有限公司 | Low-power-consumption heat dissipation cooling device and cooling method for laser |
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