CN103248330A - Programmable gain amplifier with high gain accuracy - Google Patents
Programmable gain amplifier with high gain accuracy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103248330A CN103248330A CN2013100381738A CN201310038173A CN103248330A CN 103248330 A CN103248330 A CN 103248330A CN 2013100381738 A CN2013100381738 A CN 2013100381738A CN 201310038173 A CN201310038173 A CN 201310038173A CN 103248330 A CN103248330 A CN 103248330A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a programmable gain amplifier with high gain accuracy and belongs to the field of semiconductor integrated circuit design. The programmable gain amplifier is mainly used to meet the requirement that a communication system requires the programmable gain amplifier with high gain accuracy. The programmable gain amplifier structurally comprises a programmable gain amplifier stage with adjustable and accurate gain, and three fixed gain amplifier stages used for coarse adjustment, wherein the programmable gain amplifier stage and the three fixed gain amplifier stages are in cascade connection. An approximate gain of an input signal is firstly determined through switching the three fixed gain amplifier stages, then accurate gain adjustment is carried out through the programmable gain amplifier stage based on the approximate gain so as to obtain a high-precision gain, wherein the programmable gain amplifier stage with adjustable and accurate gain controls the strength of a feedback resistance network through switching so as to obtain the high-precision gain, and the three fixed gain amplifier stages carry out coarse adjustment through gating switches. The programmable gain amplifier has the advantages of high gain accuracy, simple gain control, good linearity and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the semiconductor integrated circuit design field, be specifically related to a kind of high-gain precision programmable gain amplifier.
Background technology
Read at radio communication, disk, field such as medicine equipment, analogue system signal to be processed often have bigger dynamic range.For example, the change in gain that in the gsm wireless receiver, just needs about 80dB.In order to obtain a constant relatively signal, (Variable Gain Amplifier VGA) regulates the amplitude that receives signal to need a variable gain amplifier.Specifically, relatively generate a control signal by output signal and reference signal with VGA, the gain of control VGA equates the amplitude of its output signal and reference signal.So the gain accuracy of VGA is more high, gain dynamic range is more big, and it is more good with the dB linearity of control signal to gain, and its adjusting function to received signal is also just more good.
Variable gain amplifier is according to the gain control mode, can be divided into the continuously adjustable variable gain amplifier of gain (Variable Gain Amplifier, VGA) and the gain step change programmable gain amplifier (Programmable Gain Amplifier, PGA).The control signal of VGA is analog signal, and it is adjustable continuously to gain, but gain control is complicated; The control signal of PGA is digital signal, so its gain Discrete Change, but gain control is simple.
Figure 1 shows that a kind of variable gain amplifier based on the attenuator structure.This variable gain amplifier comprises a resistor network attenuator, a variable transconductance cell array of being made up of differential pair, trans-impedance amplifier and mutual conductance controller.Each of attenuator grade output all connects the positive input terminal of a differential pair, and the output of all differential pairs is connected together, and total small-signal current of its generation is sent into trans-impedance amplifier producing a voltage signal, and feeds back to the negative input end of each differential pair.The mutual conductance controller is controlled each variable transconductance unit respectively, makes its mutual conductance change to maximum from zero.Any moment all has only the conducting of two variable transconductance modules, and last output voltage is determined by the mutual conductance ratio of these two variable transconductance modules.
This structure is finished a coarse adjustment with attenuator earlier and is obtained several big gain step sizes, carries out fine tuning then in this step-length, and it is adjustable so only need to gain continuously with interior maintenance an attenuator step-length, therefore can obtain higher gain accuracy.But the gain accuracy of this structure depends on the mutual conductance controller, has only the mutual conductance controller to satisfy desired functional relation, just can obtain the gain control of dB linearity.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention:The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision, to satisfy communication system to the high-gain required precision of programmable gain amplifier.
Technical scheme:In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, accurately carry out cascade and form by adjustable programmable gain amplifier level and three fixed gain amplifier levels in order to coarse adjustment by a gain for the programmable gain amplifier of the high-gain precision that the present invention adopts; This amplifier circuit has positive and negative two-way input, output, the complete symmetric design of this two-way circuit, and wherein negative input, output signal processing circuit are:
In the programmable gain amplifier level that described gain is accurate adjustable, the 11 switch is connected on respectively between signal negative input end and first resistance, the reverse input end of another termination first operational amplifier of first resistance, the positive output termination twelvemo of first operational amplifier is closed, the other end that twelvemo is closed is output at the corresponding levels, connect the reverse input end of second operational amplifier by the 81 switch, the second operational amplifier positive output termination the eight or two switch, the other end of the eight or two switch is output at the corresponding levels, connect the reverse input end of the 3rd operational amplifier by the 91 switch, positive output termination the 92 switch of the 3rd operational amplifier, the other end of the 92 switch is output at the corresponding levels, connect the reverse input end of four-operational amplifier by first 01 switch, positive output termination first 02 switch of four-operational amplifier, first 02 switch is the output of this amplifier, connects the signal negative output terminal;
Wherein, the 6 groups of feedback switch resistor networks that are composed in series by switch and resistance that between the input of first operational amplifier and output, are connected in parallel, first group is composed in series by the 21 switch, second resistance, the two or two switch; Second group is composed in series by the 31 switch, the 3rd resistance, the three or two switch; The 3rd group is composed in series by the 41 switch, the 4th resistance, the four or two switch; The 4th group by May Day switch, the 5th resistance, the five or two switch be composed in series; The 5th group is composed in series by the 61 switch, the 6th resistance, the six or two switch; The 6th group by the July 1st switch, the 7th resistance, the seven or two switch be composed in series; One of reverse first switch terminates between the 11 switch and the signal negative input end, and the other end is connected between twelvemo pass and the 81 switch; One of reverse the 8th switch terminates between twelvemo pass and the 81 switch, and the other end is connected between the eight or two switch and the 91 switch; One of reverse the 9th switch terminates between the eight or two switch and the 91 switch, and the other end is connected between the 92 switch and first 01 switch; One of reverse the tenth switch terminates between the 92 switch and first 01 switch, and the other end is connected between first 02 switch and the signal negative output terminal.
Described the 11 switch to the first 02 switches all adopt the cmos transmission gate circuit, the low level conducting; Described reverser adopts cmos transmission gate circuit, high level conducting.
Described first operational amplifier adopts two-stage calculation amplifier to add active degenerative structure, and first order operational amplifier wherein adopts collapsible cascodes, and second level operational amplifier adopts the common-source stage structure of current source load; Feedback circuit produces corresponding feedback signal to the current source load end of second level operational amplifier according to the difference of output common mode signal and input reference voltage, thereby adjusts the output common mode signal, makes it approach input reference voltage.
In the described fixed gain amplifier level in order to coarse adjustment, second operational amplifier, the 3rd operational amplifier, four-operational amplifier adopt the differential amplifier of band source class negative feedback resistor, link to each other by resistance between the source class of differential pair input pipe, output adopts the PMOS current source load, and the grid of PMOS is connected to difference output by two resistance.
Beneficial effect:What amplifies input signal by certain one-level in three grades of fixed gain levels of switching gate or certain in the present invention, obtain approximate gain, carrying out precise gain by the programmable-gain level on this basis then regulates, thereby obtain a high-precision gain, this structure has advantages such as high-gain precision, gain control is simple, the linearity is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of variable gain amplifier structure based on the attenuator structure;
Fig. 2 is the programmable gain amplifier structure of a kind of high-gain precision provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the gain characteristic curve of programmable gain amplifier of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the gain error curve of programmable gain amplifier of the present invention under different gains.
Embodiment
For the technological means that further specifies advantage of the present invention place and specifically take, following constipation closes diagram and describes the specific embodiment of the present invention and circuit structure in detail.
With reference to Fig. 2, accurately carry out cascade and form by adjustable programmable gain amplifier level and three fixed gain amplifier levels in order to coarse adjustment by a gain for the programmable gain amplifier of a kind of high-gain precision provided by the present invention.This amplifier circuit has positive and negative two-way input, output, the complete symmetric design of this two-way circuit, and wherein negative input, output signal processing circuit are:
In the programmable gain amplifier level that gain is accurate adjustable, the 11 switch S 11 is connected on respectively between signal negative input end Vin and first resistance R 1, the reverse input end of another termination first operational amplifier OP1 of first resistance R 1, the positive output termination twelvemo of the first operational amplifier OP1 is closed S12, the other end that twelvemo is closed S12 is output at the corresponding levels, connect the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier OP2 by the 81 switch S 81, the second operational amplifier OP2 positive output termination the eight or two switch S 82, the other end of the eight or two switch S 82 is outputs at the corresponding levels, connect the reverse input end of the 3rd operational amplifier OP3 by the 91 switch S 91, positive output termination the 92 switch S 92 of the 3rd operational amplifier OP3, the other end of the 92 switch S 92 is outputs at the corresponding levels, connect the reverse input end of four-operational amplifier OP4 by first 01 switch S 101, positive output termination first 02 switch S 102 of four-operational amplifier OP4, first 02 switch S 102 is outputs of this amplifier, meets signal negative output terminal Von;
Wherein, the 6 groups of feedback switch resistor networks that are composed in series by switch and resistance that between the input of the first operational amplifier OP1 and output, are connected in parallel, first group is composed in series by the 21 switch S 21, second resistance R 2, the two or two switch S 22; Second group is composed in series by the 31 switch S 31, the 3rd resistance R 3, the three or two switch S 32; The 3rd group is composed in series by the 41 switch S 41, the 4th resistance R 4, the four or two switch S 42; The 4th group by May Day switch S 51, the 5th resistance R 5, the five or two switch S 52 be composed in series; The 5th group is composed in series by the 61 switch S 61, the 6th resistance R 6, the six or two switch S 62; The 6th group by the July 1st switch S 71, the 7th resistance R 7, the seven or two switch S 72 be composed in series; Reverse first switch
One terminate between the 11 switch S 11 and the signal negative input end Vin, the other end is connected on twelvemo and closes between S12 and the 81 switch S 81;
Here
Be the voltage amplification factor of programmable gain amplifier,
Be the resistance of feedback switch resistor network,
It is the resistance of first resistance R 1.By following formula as seen, when
When remaining unchanged, just can change gain as long as change the resistance of feedback switch resistor network, and the resistance of feedback switch resistor network can change by the 21 switch S 21, the two or two switch S 22, the 31 switch S 31, the three or two switch S 32, the 41 switch S 41, the four or two switch S 42, May Day switch S the 51, the 52 switch S 52, the 61 switch S 61, the six or two switch S 62, break-make that the July 1st, switch S the 71, the 72 switch S 72 was controlled its corresponding resistance.
Fixed gain amplifier level in order to coarse adjustment comprises the second operational amplifier OP2, the 3rd operational amplifier OP3, four-operational amplifier OP4, the 81 switch S 81, the eight or two switch S 82 and reverse the 8th switch
, the 91 switch S 91, the 92 switch S 92 and reverse the 9th switch
, first 01 switch S 101, first 02 switch S 102 and reverse the tenth switch
Reverse the 8th switch
One terminate at twelvemo and close between S12 and the 81 switch S 81, the other end is connected between the eight or two switch S 82 and the 91 switch S 91; Reverse the 9th switch
One terminate between the eight or two switch S 82 and the 91 switch S 91, the other end is connected between the 92 switch S 92 and first 01 switch S 101; Reverse the tenth switch
One terminate between the 92 switch S 92 and first 01 switch S 101, the other end is connected between first 02 switch S 102 and the signal negative output terminal Von.
The 81 switch S 81, the eight or two switch S 82 and reverse the 8th switch
Control the break-make of the second operational amplifier OP2, the 91 switch S 91, the 92 switch S 92 and reverse the 9th switch
Control the break-make of the 3rd operational amplifier OP3, first 01 switch S 101, first 02 switch S 102 and reverse the tenth switch
Control the break-make of four-operational amplifier OP4.By certain one-level in these three fixed gain amplifier levels or a few level are carried out gating, can obtain different gains, reach the purpose of gain coarse adjustment.
Figure 3 shows that the gain characteristic curve of the programmable gain amplifier of high-gain precision among Fig. 2.As can be seen, programmable gain amplifier of the present invention can be realized the gain-adjusted scope of 0 ~ 48dB, and gain step size is 1dB.
Figure 4 shows that the gain error curve of programmable gain amplifier under different gains of high-gain precision among Fig. 2.As can be seen, programmable gain amplifier shown in Figure 2 gain error under different gains is very little, and namely gain accuracy is very high.
In sum, the programmable gain amplifier of the high-gain precision that the present invention proposes has gain accuracy height, the simple advantage of gain control, has broad application prospects in communication system.
It below only is example of the present invention, do not constitute any limitation of the invention, obviously, under thought of the present invention, any those skilled in the art, in not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope, the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement is suitably adjusted circuit structure and components and parts size or is optimized, refer to any simple modification, equivalents and modification that above embodiment is done according to technology of the present invention, all belong to the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the programmable gain amplifier of a high-gain precision, accurately adjustable programmable gain amplifier level and three fixed gain amplifier levels in order to coarse adjustment are carried out cascade and are formed by a gain to it is characterized in that this amplifier; This amplifier circuit has positive and negative two-way input, output, the complete symmetric design of this two-way circuit, and wherein negative input, output signal processing circuit are:
In the programmable gain amplifier level that described gain is accurate adjustable, the 11 switch (S11) is connected on respectively between signal negative input end (Vin) and first resistance (R1), the reverse input end of another termination first operational amplifier (OP1) of first resistance (R1), the positive output termination twelvemo of first operational amplifier (OP1) is closed (S12), the other end that twelvemo is closed (S12) is output at the corresponding levels, connect the reverse input end of second operational amplifier (OP2) by the 81 switch (S81), second operational amplifier (OP2) positive output termination the eight or two switch (S82), the other end of the eight or two switch (S82) is output at the corresponding levels, connect the reverse input end of the 3rd operational amplifier (OP3) by the 91 switch (S91), positive output termination the 92 switch (S92) of the 3rd operational amplifier (OP3), the other end of the 92 switch (S92) is output at the corresponding levels, connect the reverse input end of four-operational amplifier (OP4) by first 01 switch (S101), positive output termination first 02 switch (S102) of four-operational amplifier (OP4), first 02 switch (S102) is the output of this amplifier, connects signal negative output terminal (Von);
Wherein, the 6 groups of feedback switch resistor networks that are composed in series by switch and resistance that between the input of first operational amplifier (OP1) and output, are connected in parallel, first group is composed in series by the 21 switch (S21), second resistance (R2), the two or two switch (S22); Second group is composed in series by the 31 switch (S31), the 3rd resistance (R3), the three or two switch (S32); The 3rd group is composed in series by the 41 switch (S41), the 4th resistance (R4), the four or two switch (S42); The 4th group is composed in series by switch on May Day (S51), the 5th resistance (R5), the five or two switch (S52); The 5th group is composed in series by the 61 switch (S61), the 6th resistance (R6), the six or two switch (S62); The 6th group is composed in series by the switch July 1st (S71), the 7th resistance (R7), the seven or two switch (S72); Reverse first switch (
) one terminate between the 11 switch (S11) and the signal negative input end (Vin), the other end is connected on twelvemo and closes between (S12) and the 81 switch (S81); Reverse the 8th switch (
) one terminate at twelvemo and close between (S12) and the 81 switch (S81), the other end is connected between the eight or two switch (S82) and the 91 switch (S91); Reverse the 9th switch (
) one terminate between the eight or two switch (S82) and the 91 switch (S91), the other end is connected between the 92 switch (S92) and first 01 switch (S101); Reverse the tenth switch (
) one terminate between the 92 switch (S92) and first 01 switch (S101), the other end is connected between first 02 switch (S102) and the signal negative output terminal (Von).
2. according to the programmable gain amplifier of the described a kind of high-gain precision of claim 1, it is characterized in that described the 11 switch (S11) all adopts the cmos transmission gate circuit to first 02 switch (S102), the low level conducting; Described reverser adopts cmos transmission gate circuit, high level conducting.
3. according to the programmable gain amplifier of the described high-gain precision of claim 1, it is characterized in that described first operational amplifier (OP1) adopts two-stage calculation amplifier to add active degenerative structure, first order operational amplifier wherein adopts collapsible cascodes, and second level operational amplifier adopts the common-source stage structure of current source load; Feedback circuit produces corresponding feedback signal to the current source load end of second level operational amplifier according to the difference of output common mode signal and input reference voltage, thereby adjusts the output common mode signal, makes it approach input reference voltage.
4. according to the programmable gain amplifier of the described high-gain precision of claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described fixed gain amplifier level in order to coarse adjustment, second operational amplifier (OP2), the 3rd operational amplifier (OP3), four-operational amplifier (OP4) adopt the differential amplifier of band source class negative feedback resistor, link to each other by resistance between the source class of differential pair input pipe, output adopts the PMOS current source load, and the grid of PMOS is connected to difference output by two resistance.
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Cited By (14)
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CN103916098A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-09 | 南京邮电大学 | Programmable gain amplifier with high gain precision |
CN103944523A (en) * | 2014-04-26 | 2014-07-23 | 长沙云腾微电子有限公司 | Programmable gain amplifier |
CN104639068A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-05-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司第六三一研究所 | Linear programmable gain amplifier realized by switched capacitor |
CN104779931A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Variable gain amplifier with high gain linearity |
CN104779932A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Variable gain amplifier provided with switch arrays and having wide dynamic range |
CN105897207A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | Continuous variable gain amplifier |
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CN111342786A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-06-26 | 上海类比半导体技术有限公司 | Differential amplifier common mode rejection ratio and gain trimming circuit |
CN111740709A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-02 | 复旦大学 | High-linearity broadband variable gain amplifier |
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Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103916098A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-09 | 南京邮电大学 | Programmable gain amplifier with high gain precision |
CN103944523A (en) * | 2014-04-26 | 2014-07-23 | 长沙云腾微电子有限公司 | Programmable gain amplifier |
CN106664067B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2021-06-25 | 密克罗奇普技术公司 | Selectively programmable gain or operational amplifier |
CN106664067A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-05-10 | 密克罗奇普技术公司 | Selectable programmable gain or operational amplifier |
CN104639068A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-05-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司第六三一研究所 | Linear programmable gain amplifier realized by switched capacitor |
CN104639068B (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2017-10-24 | 中国航空工业集团公司第六三一研究所 | The linear programmable gain amplifier that a kind of switching capacity is realized |
CN104779931A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Variable gain amplifier with high gain linearity |
CN104779932A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Variable gain amplifier provided with switch arrays and having wide dynamic range |
CN104779932B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-09-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of Larger Dynamic range switch array variable gain amplifier |
CN109073687A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2018-12-21 | 高通股份有限公司 | For by derived from the drain-source voltage of power gating device voltage apply compensated gain the device and method that measure load current |
CN105897207B (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2019-01-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of continuous variable gain amplifier |
CN105897207A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | Continuous variable gain amplifier |
CN107192864A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-22 | 西安微电子技术研究所 | A kind of Precision digital resistor load circuit |
CN108365826A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-03 | 浙江禾川科技股份有限公司 | A kind of programmable gain amplifier |
CN111342786A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-06-26 | 上海类比半导体技术有限公司 | Differential amplifier common mode rejection ratio and gain trimming circuit |
US11757417B2 (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2023-09-12 | Shanghai Analogy Semiconductor Technology Ltd. | Differential amplifier common-mode rejection ratio and gain trimming circuit |
CN111740709A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-02 | 复旦大学 | High-linearity broadband variable gain amplifier |
CN111817689A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江大学 | High-linearity attenuator |
US20220200642A1 (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-23 | Intel Corporation | Communication device |
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CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |