CN103136992A - Multi-functional combined type mechanical testing method - Google Patents

Multi-functional combined type mechanical testing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103136992A
CN103136992A CN2011103828320A CN201110382832A CN103136992A CN 103136992 A CN103136992 A CN 103136992A CN 2011103828320 A CN2011103828320 A CN 2011103828320A CN 201110382832 A CN201110382832 A CN 201110382832A CN 103136992 A CN103136992 A CN 103136992A
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cover
truss
experiment
test
combined
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CN103136992B (en
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邓宗白
陶阳
杨贺
闫景玉
杨婷
单珂
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

A multi-functional combined type mechanical testing method includes a rectangular frame type experiment table, a set of mechanical hand wheel loading devices, a set of force sensors and dynamometers, a set of weight lever loading devices, a group of fixed pulleys for changing loading directions, a set of construction members which can combine various of rigid frame structures, a set of connection members for connecting the construction members, a set of supports for simulating typical constraint modes, a set of rod members which can be combined into various truss structures and a set of pullers and test pieces which are used for uniaxial tensile tests. The above members can be combined to achieve experiments of mechanical parameters testing of rigid frames, static force testing of trusses, tensile testing and the like. The testing method is easy to operate, good in combination, and is multifunctional, is flexible and attractive in appearance, and saves materials when compared with existing testing methods.

Description

A kind of multifunction combined mechanical measuring and calculation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Basic Mechanics Experiment teaching field.
Background technology
Experimental teaching is the important component part of higher education, and the talent who cultivation is had higher overall qualities plays the irreplaceable effect of other links.The target of Reform of Experiment Teaching is exactly to make the student can better grasp basic skills and the technical ability of experimental study, has the ability of independently carrying out experimental study, possesses the basic quality of expanding to association area.Therefore, exploitation and the popularization of comprehensive designability experiment are inexorable trends.By the character integrated use knowledge of student according to problem, the designed, designed testing scheme is drafted the concrete steps of testing scheme, comprises the design of the hardware and software relevant with test.Study by experiment the Mechanics Phenomenon that occurring in nature is difficult for observing directly, further grasp mechanical concept and theory of mechanics, make the student to practise in experimental middle school, study in experiment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to realize the integrative test method of multiple Basic Mechanics Experiment by autonomous Design, combination for the device proposition of carrying out comprehensive designability research Basic Mechanics Experiment is a kind of.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for achieving the above object:
A kind of multifunction combined mechanical measuring and calculation method, comprise: rectangle frame posture experiment table, a cover mechanical type handwheel charger, a cover power sensor and dynamometer, a cover counterweight lever loading device, one group of member for the fixed pulley that changes loading direction, cover all kinds of rigid frame structure capable of being combined, cover are used for the web member of each member of connection, the bearing of a typical constraint type of cover simulation, the rod member of the different truss-frame structures of cover one-tenth capable of being combined, pull head and the test specimen that a cover can be used for one way tensile test, comprise the following steps:
(A) when carrying out the mechanics parameter test experiments of rigid frame, the student can be according to the experimental program needs that self design, at first the required member of choice structure, then with web member, Component composition is become required rigid frame structure, again according to the design alternative bearing of experiment constraint type, rigid frame and the bearing that combines is fixed on experiment table together afterwards, selects load(ing) point according to the loading scheme of experimental design at last, can begin experiment after load mode and magnitude of load, everything in readiness;
(B) when carrying out truss static(al) test experiments, at first the student can select the required rod member of truss-frame structure according to the experimental design needs, then with joint, each rod member is combined into required truss-frame structure, be fixed to together truss-frame structure and the truss support that combines on experiment table afterwards, select load(ing) point and load mode according to the loading scheme of experimental design at last, can test after everything in readiness;
(C) when carrying out the unilateral stretching test experiments, at first need up and down pull head and test specimen are coupled together, then upper pull head is connected the mechanical type handwheel charger on the experiment table back timber, lower pull head connects the base on the experiment table bottom girder, wherein drop-down head part also comprises a joint arrangement, with guarantee to stretch to the heart, can test according to the experiment loading scheme afterwards.
Beneficial effect: this method of testing is simple to operate, dexterity is attractive in appearance, composability is strong, the characteristics such as outstanding comprehensive, independence, designability, than existing method of testing diverse in function, can impel the student to give full play to the ability that Independent Development Design is tested, can satisfy the demand of conducting a research property of present colleges experimental teaching.
(5) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the general arrangement of frame form.
Fig. 2 is the general arrangement of truss form.
Fig. 3 is the general arrangement of stretching form.
(6) embodiment
a kind of multifunction combined mechanical measuring and calculation method, but the basic alternative pack that need to provide comprises: a rectangle frame posture experiment table, one cover mechanical type handwheel charger, one cover power sensor and dynamometer, one cover counterweight lever loading device, one group of fixed pulley that is used for changing loading direction, the member of one cover all kinds of rigid frame structure capable of being combined, one cover is used for connecting the web member of each member, the bearing of the one typical constraint type of cover simulation, the rod member of the one different truss-frame structures of cover one-tenth capable of being combined, one cover can be used for pull head and the test specimen of one way tensile test, method of testing of the present invention can have following several:
(A) rigid frame mechanics parameter test experiments is when carrying out the mechanics parameter test experiments of rigid frame, the student can be according to self experimental design scheme needs, at first the required member of choice structure, then with web member, Component composition is become required rigid frame structure, afterwards again according to the design alternative bearing of testing constraint type, be fixed to together the rigid frame structure and the bearing that combine on experiment table, select load(ing) point according to the loading scheme of experimental design at last, can begin experiment after load mode and magnitude of load, everything in readiness.For rigid frame structure itself, can be according to concrete experimental design requirement, be combined into the rigid frame structure of different structure form, different constraint types by choosing different component and bearing, load mode also can be selected asymmetrical load or antisymmetry loading, level loading or vertical loading, single-point loading or multiple spot loading etc. according to the experiment demand.
as shown in Figure 1, the device of realizing this rigid frame mechanics parameter method of testing can be so a kind of combined type rigid frame mechanics parameter experimental provision, comprise rectangle frame posture experiment table, mechanical type handwheel charger 3, power sensor and dynamometer 4, pressure head 5, the counterweight lever loading device, rigid frame member 6, connect corner fittings 7, simulate the bearing 8 of different constraint types, described rigid frame member 6, connect corner fittings 7 and form rigid frame structure according to the experimental design needs, choose on the bottom girder 1 that required bearing 8 is fixed on rectangle frame posture experiment table, described mechanical type handwheel charger 3 is fixed on the back timber 2 of rectangle frame posture experiment table, strong sensor and dynamometer 4 are installed in the lower end of described mechanical type handwheel charger 3, power sensor and dynamometer 4 bottoms are connected with pressure head 5, by 5 pairs of rigid frame structure contacts of pressure head and imposed load.The counterweight lever loading device comprises for the fixed pulley 9, wire rope 10, lever 11, suspension hook 12, the counterweight 13 that change loading direction, described wire rope 10 1 ends are connected with rigid frame structure 6, the other end is connected with lever 11 by fixed pulley 9, connecting shackle 12 on the hole of lever diverse location, counterweight 13 is placed on the pallet of suspension hook bottom, and the suspension hook carry can be regulated the enlargement factor of load on the hole of lever diverse location.Can realize structure is loaded by increase and decrease counterweight number.The characteristics of this design are: the student can be according to self needs independent design experimental program, and the autonomous unitized construction form of the member that then utilizes this experimental provision to provide, constraint type are to realize the rigid frame mechanics parameter test experiments of multiple different constraint type, Different Loading Method.
(B) truss static(al) test experiments is when carrying out truss static(al) test experiments, at first the student can select the required rod member of truss-frame structure according to the experimental design needs, then with joint, each rod member is combined into required truss-frame structure, afterwards the truss-frame structure that combines and truss support are assembled and be fixed on the rectangular frame experiment table, select load(ing) point and load mode to test.Experimental provision when realizing the truss test loads identical with rigid frame structure, but load must be applied on node.Truss support and two the roller bearing simulation pin-ended constraint of two ends by being in the par height.
as shown in Figure 2, the device of realizing this truss method of testing can be so a kind of combined truss dynamics experimental device, be provided with a rectangle frame posture experiment table, mechanical type handwheel charger 3, power sensor and dynamometer 4, pressure head 5, trussmember 6-1, joint 7-1, truss support 8-1, trussmember 6-1, joint 7-1, form truss-frame structure according to the experiment needs, and be fixed on rectangle frame posture experiment table by truss support 8-1, mechanical type handwheel charger 3 is fixed on the back timber 2 of rectangle frame posture experiment table, strong sensor and dynamometer 4 are installed in the lower end of mechanical type handwheel charger 3, power sensor and dynamometer 4 bottoms are connected with pressure head 5, by the contact of the 5 pairs of truss-frame structures of pressure head and imposed load on node.Truss support 8-1 in the present invention is fixed on the two side of rectangle frame posture experiment table, truss support 8-1 and two the roller bearing simulation pin-ended constraint of the two ends of truss-frame structure by being in the par height.
(C) one way tensile test is when carrying out one way tensile test, at first need up and down pull head and test specimen are coupled together, then by the mechanical type handwheel charger on upper pull head connection experiment table back timber, lower pull head connects the base on the experiment table bottom girder, wherein drop-down head part also comprises a joint arrangement, with guarantee to stretch to the heart, can test according to the experiment loading scheme afterwards.
as shown in Figure 2, the device of realizing this tensile test method can be so a kind of combined type tensile test device, be provided with a rectangle frame posture experiment table, mechanical type handwheel charger 3, power sensor and dynamometer 4, upper pull head 5-1, lower pull head 5-2, test specimen 6, joint arrangement 7, mechanical type handwheel charger 3 is arranged on the back timber 2 of rectangle frame posture experiment table, the below of mechanical type handwheel charger 3 connects strong sensor and dynamometer 4, upper pull head 5-1 is connected with test specimen 6 with power sensor and dynamometer 4 respectively, lower pull head 5-2 is connected with joint arrangement with test specimen 6 respectively and is connected, joint arrangement 7 is fixed on the bottom girder 1 of rectangle frame posture experiment table.Upper pull head 5-1 in the present invention is connected with test specimen 6 with power sensor and dynamometer 4 by pin respectively, and lower pull head 5-2 also is connected with joint arrangement with test specimen 6 by pin respectively and is connected.
This multifunction combined mechanical measuring and calculation method and the various experimental provisions of realizing various test are desk type multifunctional combined experimental devices of developing for the material mechanics experiment of carrying out comprehensive designability.This device can carry out the comprehensive designability experiment of rigid frame of multiple different structure form, different constraint types, slow test and the one way tensile test of truss, but can realize using mounting structure independently to build rigid frame and the truss of various ways, utilize multiple bearing to form multi-form constraint, can realize applying simultaneously single or multiple load on different load(ing) points, and can realize that asymmetrical load and antisymmetry load, but the student is flexible design, autonomous enforcement in experiment, can cultivate student's autonomous innovation and put into practice manipulative ability.
Most domestic Basic Mechanics Experiment device is all simple function basically at present, can only realize a kind of experiment on an experimental provision.The part combined experimental device is also arranged, and is that several fixing basic experiment are assembled on a device jointly.And the difference of this multifunction combined dynamics experimental device maximum just is its composability and polytrope, the student can be according to the needs of autonomous Design experiment, select required rod member, joint, constraint bearing and load mode independently to make up kinds of experiments, so just realized very easily the multifunctionality of device, simultaneously can also deepen the student to the understanding of Experiments of Machanics, consolidate and improve the mechanical knowledge of learning.Excite innovative thinking by the design synthesis experiment, effectively improve theory and practice in conjunction with operational capability, and grasp knowwhy be used in skill in the middle of practice.

Claims (1)

1. multifunction combined mechanical measuring and calculation method, comprise: rectangle frame posture experiment table, a cover mechanical type handwheel charger, a cover power sensor and dynamometer, a cover counterweight lever loading device, one group of member for the fixed pulley that changes loading direction, cover all kinds of rigid frame structure capable of being combined, cover are used for the web member of each member of connection, the bearing of a typical constraint type of cover simulation, the rod member of the different truss-frame structures of cover one-tenth capable of being combined, pull head and the test specimen that a cover can be used for one way tensile test, it is characterized in that:
(A) when carrying out the mechanics parameter test experiments of rigid frame, the student can be according to the experimental program needs that self design, at first the required member of choice structure, then with web member, Component composition is become required rigid frame structure, again according to the design alternative bearing of experiment constraint type, rigid frame and the bearing that combines is fixed on experiment table together afterwards, selects load(ing) point according to the loading scheme of experimental design at last, can begin experiment after load mode and magnitude of load, everything in readiness;
(B) when carrying out truss static(al) test experiments, at first the student can select the required rod member of truss-frame structure according to the experimental design needs, then with joint, each rod member is combined into required truss-frame structure, be fixed to together truss-frame structure and the truss support that combines on experiment table afterwards, select load(ing) point and load mode according to the loading scheme of experimental design at last, can test after everything in readiness;
(C) when carrying out the unilateral stretching test experiments, at first need up and down pull head and test specimen are coupled together, then upper pull head is connected the mechanical type handwheel charger on the experiment table back timber, lower pull head connects the base on the experiment table bottom girder, wherein drop-down head part also comprises a joint arrangement, with guarantee to stretch to the heart, can test according to the experiment loading scheme afterwards.
CN201110382832.0A 2011-11-28 2011-11-28 A kind of multifunction combined mechanical measuring and calculation method Expired - Fee Related CN103136992B (en)

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Cited By (12)

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CN103575441A (en) * 2013-10-23 2014-02-12 芜湖市顺昌汽车配件有限公司 Detection device for measuring loading capacity of clamp mechanism
CN104181023A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-03 桂林理工大学 Multi-split remodeling saturated soil sampling device
CN104198165A (en) * 2014-07-10 2014-12-10 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 Shock absorber durability testing device
CN104568601A (en) * 2015-01-22 2015-04-29 安徽工程大学 Spatial structure mechanics experiment device
CN105243934A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-13 大连理工大学 Teaching experiment device making force method visualized
CN105890829A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-08-24 长安大学 Device for comparing test performance of force measuring locking anchor pipes of tunnel and test method
CN106205354A (en) * 2016-09-23 2016-12-07 大连理工大学 The experiment device for teaching of a kind of checking zero bar effect in truss Instability and experimental technique
CN106251745A (en) * 2016-09-23 2016-12-21 大连理工大学 A kind of multi-functional rigid frame experimental model and experimental technique
CN107289002A (en) * 2017-05-05 2017-10-24 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 Edge of a knife universal joint for the small force value standard set-up of dead weight type safe
CN109506832A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-03-22 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 Working in double modes dynamometer calibrating installation
CN111932998A (en) * 2020-08-11 2020-11-13 南京航空航天大学 Plane truss comprehensive experiment device
CN113029802A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-06-25 中南大学 High-precision testing method for equivalent elastic statics parameters of dot matrix material

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103575441A (en) * 2013-10-23 2014-02-12 芜湖市顺昌汽车配件有限公司 Detection device for measuring loading capacity of clamp mechanism
CN104198165A (en) * 2014-07-10 2014-12-10 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 Shock absorber durability testing device
CN104198165B (en) * 2014-07-10 2018-01-19 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 Damper durability degree experimental rig
CN104181023A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-03 桂林理工大学 Multi-split remodeling saturated soil sampling device
CN104568601B (en) * 2015-01-22 2017-06-23 安徽工程大学 A kind of space structure dynamics experimental device
CN104568601A (en) * 2015-01-22 2015-04-29 安徽工程大学 Spatial structure mechanics experiment device
CN105243934A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-13 大连理工大学 Teaching experiment device making force method visualized
CN105243934B (en) * 2015-10-27 2017-11-10 大连理工大学 A kind of experiment device for teaching for intuitively changing force method
CN105890829A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-08-24 长安大学 Device for comparing test performance of force measuring locking anchor pipes of tunnel and test method
CN105890829B (en) * 2016-05-18 2018-07-20 长安大学 A kind of device and test method of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance
CN106251745A (en) * 2016-09-23 2016-12-21 大连理工大学 A kind of multi-functional rigid frame experimental model and experimental technique
CN106205354A (en) * 2016-09-23 2016-12-07 大连理工大学 The experiment device for teaching of a kind of checking zero bar effect in truss Instability and experimental technique
CN106205354B (en) * 2016-09-23 2022-04-15 大连理工大学 Teaching experiment device and experiment method for verifying action of zero rod in truss instability process
CN106251745B (en) * 2016-09-23 2022-05-10 大连理工大学 Multifunctional rigid frame experimental model and experimental method
CN107289002A (en) * 2017-05-05 2017-10-24 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 Edge of a knife universal joint for the small force value standard set-up of dead weight type safe
CN107289002B (en) * 2017-05-05 2019-05-03 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 Edge of a knife universal joint for the small force value standard set-up of dead weight type safe
CN109506832A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-03-22 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 Working in double modes dynamometer calibrating installation
CN111932998A (en) * 2020-08-11 2020-11-13 南京航空航天大学 Plane truss comprehensive experiment device
CN113029802A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-06-25 中南大学 High-precision testing method for equivalent elastic statics parameters of dot matrix material
CN113029802B (en) * 2021-04-20 2022-10-18 中南大学 High-precision testing method for equivalent elastic statics parameters of dot matrix material

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