CN103109770B - Rapana venosa offspring seed cultivation method - Google Patents
Rapana venosa offspring seed cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rapana venosa offspring seed cultivation method. The concrete cultivation steps are as follows: seedling preprocessing by using of water; animal bait cultivation, parent rapana venosa spawning and incubation; larva cultivation; and juvenile rapana venosa and larva rapana venosa cultivation. According to the rapana venosa offspring seed cultivation method, larval metamorphosis rates, juvenile rapana venosa and larva rapana venosa survival rates and growth rates, and seedling emergence amounts per unit of water body can be significantly improved, and the problem of bait supply and sources in rapana venosa manual offspring seed cultivation is solved. The rapana venosa offspring seed cultivation method is suitable for rapana venosa productive manual offspring seed cultivation, and a new method is supplied to rapana venosa large-scale offspring seed cultivation.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the red spiral shell offspring seed cultivation method of a kind of arteries and veins.
Background technology:
The red spiral shell of arteries and veins (R apana venosa Valenciennes) claim again conch, belongs to Mollusca, Gastropoda, Muricidae, red spiral shell and belong to, and China north and south is coastal all distribution, and yellow, the Bohai Sea is important distribution region.The red spiral shell foot of arteries and veins is loose especially, delicious meat, nutritious, is the most important large-scale economic snail of China.In the red spiral shell artificial breeding of arteries and veins, due to undistinct to the understanding of its period of metamorphosis and young spiral shell, young spiral shell feeding habits and feeding method, during larval metamorphosis and young spiral shell and young spiral shell breeding phase take benthic diatom, shellfish meat gruel and cultivate as bait, bait kind runs counter to its feeding habits and feeding method, distortion ratio is low, young spiral shell and young spiral shell cultivating survival rate are low, and growth rate is slow, and unit of water body output of seedling is low.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is exactly for the problems referred to above, provides a kind of arteries and veins red spiral shell offspring seed cultivation method.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme,
Concrete incubation step is,
(1) water for larval nursing pretreatment
Water for larval nursing is first processed through sand filtration, sand filter fine sand layer thickness 60～80cm, 18～30 ℃ of nurturing period water temperatures, sea water specific gravity 1.022～1.013g/ml, pH value 8.0～8.3;
(2) animal bait is cultivated
The variegated clam that gathers the high 3.5～4.5cm of shell in breeding period is as kind of a shellfish, and dry in the shade stimulation is laid eggs, and chooses healthy and strong D type larva and cultivates, and cultivates 7～8/ml of density; Take Isochrysis galbana, Dicrateria inornata, Chaetoceros is bait, bait throwing in every day 2 times, and the algae liquid concentration of throwing something and feeding is 2～60,000 cells/ml, the cell concentration of three kinds of algae liquid is than being 2:3:3; Change water every day 1 time, 50% of the cumulative volume that quantity of exchanged water is cultivation water body;
Embryophore starts down pond and adheres to while reaching 190～200um, take ooze as adherance, and juvenile mollusk is cultivated the depth of water 50～60cm, changes water every day 1～2 time, and each quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 70～80% of water body cumulative volume; Juvenile mollusk is cultivated throw something and feed early stage Isochrysis galbana, Dicrateria inornata, Chaetoceros, flat algae, the algae liquid concentration that day bait throwing in is thrown something and fed for 2 times is 2～60,000 cells/ml, the concentration ratio of four kinds of algae liquid is 2:3:3:2, within 5 days, utilize the natural bait in sedimentation basin water to cultivate juvenile mollusk later completely, when natural bait is not enough, supplement dried yeast;
(3) close spiral shell is laid eggs and hatching
Parent's spiral shell required for 3～4 ages, the high 10～12cm of shell, and sexual gland is full, and after parent is screwed into pond, natural mating is laid eggs, and take fresh living variegated shell-fish as bait during mate and oviposit; Oopod former pond hatching, keeps inflation between the incubation period, within every 3 days, change water 1 time, and each quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 100% of water body cumulative volume; While changing water, utilize water pump to rinse out the foul on oopod surface; In hatching process, fertilized egg is grown gradually in liquid for veliger in oopod;
(4) larvae cultivation
The veliger that step (3) is obtained is cultivated, and veliger is cultivated 0.1/ml of density, changes water every day 2 times, and each quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 50% of water body cumulative volume; Change order of current phases 80 of the network of rivers, middle and later periods 60 order; Bait throwing in every day 3～4 times, bait is Isochrysis galbana+Dicrateria inornata+Chaetoceros+flat algae, and the algae liquid concentration of throwing something and feeding is 2～60,000 cells/ml, and the concentration ratio of four kinds of algae liquid is 1:1:2:2; Within every 6～7 days, fall pond once; Veliger shell is when to 1450～1500 μ m, and falling in time pond adheres to;
(5) young spiral shell and young spiral shell are cultivated: larval metamorphosis adhere to and early stage young spiral shell breeding phase to take the variegated clam juvenile mollusk that step (2) obtains be bait, throw something and feed every day 1 time, the ratio of the number of throwing something and feeding and young spiral shell number is 2～5:1; The young spiral shell shell blue clam of throwing something and feeding when to 2.5mm, throws something and feeds 1 every day, and the quantity of throwing something and feeding is 1～2:1 with the ratio of young spiral shell number:.
In step (3), close spiral shell, before mate and oviposit, is first processed 20 minutes with 20mg/L liquor potassic permanganate, then puts into cement pit and supports temporarily, supports temporarily depth of water 80cm, 10～15/m of density
3; Water temperature during mate and oviposit is 22～24 ℃.
In step (4), 20～26 ℃ of the water temperatures of larvae cultivation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Invention can obviously improve larval metamorphosis rate, young spiral shell and young spiral shell survival rate, growth rate and unit of water body output of seedling, solved the red spiral shell artificial seed of arteries and veins cultivate in bait supply and carry out source problem.The present invention is applicable to the red spiral shell yielding ability of arteries and veins artificial seed and cultivates, for the red spiral shell scale of arteries and veins seed rearing provides a new way.
The present invention has the following advantages for the red spiral shell seed rearing of arteries and veins:
(1) larval metamorphosis adhere to and early stage young spiral shell breeding phase to take the variegated clam juvenile mollusk of artificial culture be bait, at young spiral shell of middle and later periods and young spiral shell breeding phase, take blue clam as bait, meet its feeding habits and feeding method completely.
(2) variegated clam juvenile mollusk and blue mussel shell are very thin, are convenient to young spiral shell and young spiral shell and melt hole and take food, and have good palatability.
(3) variegated clam juvenile mollusk and blue clam are all living body bait, can effectively protect water quality, the water pollution of avoiding bait to bring.
(4) variegated clam floating larvae is strong to adaptive capacity to environment, cultivating survival rate is high, settlement and metamorphosis is after juvenile mollusk, to rely on the natural bait of ingesting in sedimentation basin water can obtain good growth and survival rate, cultivate with low cost, technical operation is simple, and Individual Size is suitable, is convenient to young spiral shell and ingests, and its breeding period is identical breeding period with the red spiral shell of arteries and veins, be adapted at the red spiral shell yielding ability of arteries and veins grow seedlings middle as early stage young spiral shell bait cultivate.
(5) the blue clam aboundresources in natural waters, can provide cheap, sufficient bait for extensive seed rearing.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is that the young spiral shell of the red spiral shell of arteries and veins and young spiral shell melt hole and take food picture on variegated clam juvenile mollusk.
Fig. 2 is that the young spiral shell of the red spiral shell of arteries and veins and young spiral shell melt hole and take food picture on blue clam.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Primary condition
40 mu of sedimentation basins, the dark 2m in pond.One of sand filter, drainage amount 20m per hour
3, sand filter fine sand layer thickness 80cm.Nursery pond dischargeable capacity 20m
3* 4 amount to 80m
3.The total water body 120m of plant bait culture pond
3.Animal feed is cultivated total water body 90m
3.18～30 ℃ of water temperatures, sea water specific gravity 1.022～1.013g/ml between nursery stage, pH value 8.0～8.3.
1, bait is cultivated
(1) plant bait is cultivated:
Select Isochrysis galbana, Dicrateria inornata, Chaetoceros, flat algae for cultivating kind.Algae kind is introduced in 4 Yue Chucong Research Institute of Ocean Fishery Science, Liaoning Province algae culture laboratories, and one-level is cultivated and carried out in 5000ml conical flask, and secondary is cultivated and carried out in the white Plastic Drum of 56L, and three grades of cultivations are at 10～20m
3in cement pit, carry out.
(2) animal feed is cultivated:
Late June, gathers the variegated clam of the high 3.5～4.5cm of shell as kind of a shellfish, and dry in the shade stimulation is laid eggs, and until 20 hours development of fertilized ova, becomes after D type larva, chooses upper strata healthy and strong D type larva and cultivates, and cultivates 7～8/ml of density.Take Isochrysis galbana, Dicrateria inornata, Chaetoceros is bait, bait throwing in every day 2 times, and the algae liquid concentration of throwing something and feeding is 60,000 cells/ml, the concentration ratio of three kinds of algae liquid is 2:3:3; Change water every day 1 time, quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 50% of water body cumulative volume.
Embryophore starts down pond while reaching 190～200 μ m and adheres to.Adherance adopts ooze, with 1000mg/L clorox, disinfect 24 hours after stirring into mud, with in sodium thiosulfate and after, with 200 order mesh bags, wash and adhere in pond, the adherance of formation thickness 2mm, then pond is adhered to.Juvenile mollusk is cultivated the depth of water 50～60cm, changes water every day 1～2 time, and each quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 70～80% of water body.Juvenile mollusk is cultivated throw something and feed early stage Isochrysis galbana, Dicrateria inornata, Chaetoceros, flat algae, day bait throwing in 2 times, the algae liquid concentration of throwing something and feeding is 60,000 cells/ml, the concentration ratio of four kinds of algae liquid is 2:3:3:2, within 5 days, utilize the natural bait in sedimentation basin water to cultivate juvenile mollusk later completely, when natural bait is not enough, supplement dried yeast;
2, the red spiral shell artificial breeding of arteries and veins
(1) close spiral shell is selected and is supported temporarily:
Late June gathers close spiral shell from Northern Huanghai Sea natural waters, and close spiral shell required for 3～4 ages, the high 10～12cm of shell, and sexual gland is full.Parent's spiral shell, after scrubbing, is processed 20 minutes with 20mg/L liquor potassic permanganate, puts into cement pit and supports temporarily, supports temporarily depth of water 80cm, 15/m of density
3.Take fresh living variegated shell-fish as bait, and feeding volume be take Chi Zhongyou residue as degree.Every day, full dose was changed water 2 times, removed dead close spiral shell, residual bait and ight soil simultaneously.
(2) close spiral shell is laid eggs and hatching:
Parent is screwed into behind pond second day and starts natural mating and lay eggs, mating and between the egg-laying period, every day, full dose was changed water 2 times, removed dead close spiral shell and residual bait simultaneously, and with water pump, clean the foul adhering at the bottom of oopod and pool wall, pond.Oopod former pond hatching, keeps inflation between the incubation period, within every 3 days, change water 1 time, and each quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 100% of water body.While changing water, with water pump, rinse out the foul adhering on oopod, keep oopod clean.In hatching process, fertilized egg is grown gradually for veliger in liquid in oopod, and oopod color becomes grey black from milk yellow gradually.
(3) larvae cultivation:
By the oopod of grey black, with under the careful shovel of flat chisel, bondage, on plastic crate, is hung in larvae cultivation pond.When within 24 hours, the veliger amount of hatching reaches 0.1/ml, oopod is moved into new pond and continue discharge.
0.1/ml of larvae cultivation density.Change water every day 2 times, quantity of exchanged water is seedling water 50%, changes order of current phases 80 of the network of rivers, middle and later periods 60 order.Bait throwing in every day 4 times, bait is Isochrysis galbana+Dicrateria inornata+Chaetoceros+flat algae, and the algae liquid concentration of throwing something and feeding is 60,000 cells/ml, and the concentration ratio of four kinds of algae liquid is 1:1:2:2; Within every 6 days, fall pond once; Veliger shell is when to 1450～1500 μ m, and falling in time pond adheres to;
(4) young spiral shell and young spiral shell are cultivated:
Larva adhered to after 2 days, and face disappears, and feeding habits change animality into, and feeding method melts hole from filtering to eat to become on shell, after perforation, with the mouthpart of tubulose, sucks.The shell that now starts to throw something and feed is grown the variegated clam juvenile mollusk of cultivating in the step 1 of 0.8～3mm, throws something and feeds every day 1 time, and the ratio of the quantity of throwing something and feeding and young spiral shell number is 4:1; When young spiral shell shell is up to when the 2.5mm, the blue clam that starts to throw something and feed, blue clam is picked up from natural waters, and the long 0.5～1.2cm of shell by 20mg/L liquor potassic permanganate soaking disinfection 20 minutes for blue clam, evenly spreads pond in after cleaning with filtering sea before throwing something and feeding.Blue clam is thrown something and fed 1 time every day, and the ratio of the quantity of throwing something and feeding and young spiral shell number is 1:1; Young spiral shell and young every other day spiral shell nurturing period are changed water 2 times, and each quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 50% of water body.
3, result
Use seedling water 80m
3, utilize initial stage veliger 8,120,000 to carry out artificial breeding, obtain abnormal larva 6,100,000, the high 5.4mm children of average shell spiral shell 174.6 ten thousand.Abnormal larva is to young spiral shell cultivating survival rate 28.6%, and average every cube of water body is emerged 2.18 ten thousand.
The present embodiment adopts benthic diatom to compare with young spiral shell bait as young spiral shell with shellfish meat gruel with correlation test, and abnormal larva improves 543.7% to young spiral shell cultivating survival rate, and growth rate improves 264.3%, and unit of water body output of seedling improves 519.1%.
Claims (3)
1. the red spiral shell offspring seed cultivation method of arteries and veins, is characterized in that, concrete incubation step is,
(1) water for larval nursing pretreatment
Water for larval nursing is first processed through sand filtration, sand filter fine sand layer thickness 60～80cm, 18～30 ℃ of nurturing period water temperatures, sea water specific gravity 1.022～1.013g/ml, pH value 8.0～8.3;
(2) animal bait is cultivated
The variegated clam that gathers the high 3.5～4.5cm of shell in breeding period is as kind of a shellfish, and dry in the shade stimulation is laid eggs, and chooses healthy and strong D type larva and cultivates, and cultivates 7～8/ml of density; Take Isochrysis galbana, Dicrateria inornata, Chaetoceros is bait, bait throwing in every day 2 times, and the algae liquid concentration of throwing something and feeding is 2～60,000 cells/ml, the cell concentration of three kinds of algae liquid is than being 2:3:3; Change water every day 1 time, 50% of the cumulative volume that quantity of exchanged water is cultivation water body;
Embryophore starts down pond and adheres to while reaching 190～200um, take ooze as adherance, and juvenile mollusk is cultivated the depth of water 50～60cm, changes water every day 1～2 time, and each quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 70～80% of water body cumulative volume; Juvenile mollusk is cultivated throw something and feed early stage Isochrysis galbana, Dicrateria inornata, Chaetoceros, flat algae, the algae liquid concentration that day bait throwing in is thrown something and fed for 2 times is 2～60,000 cells/ml, the concentration ratio of four kinds of algae liquid is 2:3:3:2, within 5 days, utilize the natural bait in sedimentation basin water to cultivate juvenile mollusk later completely, when natural bait is not enough, supplement dried yeast;
(3) close spiral shell is laid eggs and hatching
Parent's spiral shell required for 3～4 ages, the high 10～12cm of shell, and sexual gland is full, and after parent is screwed into pond, natural mating is laid eggs, and take fresh living variegated shell-fish as bait during mate and oviposit; Oopod former pond hatching, keeps inflation between the incubation period, within every 3 days, change water 1 time, and each quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 100% of water body cumulative volume; While changing water, utilize water pump to rinse out the foul on oopod surface; In hatching process, fertilized egg is grown gradually in liquid for veliger in oopod;
(4) larvae cultivation:
The veliger that step (3) is obtained is cultivated, and veliger is cultivated 0.1/ml of density, changes water every day 2 times, and each quantity of exchanged water is for cultivating 50% of water body cumulative volume; Change order of current phases 80 of the network of rivers, middle and later periods 60 order; Bait throwing in every day 3～4 times, bait is Isochrysis galbana+Dicrateria inornata+Chaetoceros+flat algae, and the algae liquid concentration of throwing something and feeding is 2～60,000 cells/ml, and the concentration ratio of four kinds of algae liquid is 1:1:2:2; Within every 6～7 days, fall pond once; Veliger shell is when to 1450～1500 μ m, and falling in time pond adheres to;
(5) young spiral shell and young spiral shell are cultivated: larval metamorphosis adhere to and early stage young spiral shell breeding phase to take the variegated clam juvenile mollusk that step (2) obtains be bait, throw something and feed every day 1 time, the ratio of the number of throwing something and feeding and young spiral shell number is 2～5:1; The young spiral shell shell blue clam of throwing something and feeding when to 2.5mm, throws something and feeds 1 every day, and the quantity of throwing something and feeding is 1～2:1 with the ratio of young spiral shell number.
2. the red spiral shell offspring seed cultivation method of a kind of arteries and veins according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), parent's spiral shell, before mate and oviposit, is first processed 20 minutes with 20mg/L liquor potassic permanganate, then puts into cement pit and supports temporarily, support temporarily depth of water 80cm, 10～15/m of density
3; Water temperature during mate and oviposit is 22～24 ℃.
3. the red spiral shell offspring seed cultivation method of a kind of arteries and veins according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (4), and 20～26 ℃ of the water temperatures of larvae cultivation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105075956B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2018-05-08 | 山东大学（威海） | The method for improving the young spiral shell survival rate of Rapana venosa |
| CN106719184A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 丹东市水产技术推广总站 | A kind of artificial breeding method of Mactra chinensis |
| CN113349117A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Method and device for ecologically breeding rapana venosa in pond |
| CN111771782B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-11-01 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial seedling culture method for yellow mud snails |
| CN115500295A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-23 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Rapid production method of young turnip snails and application of young turnip snails as bait |
| CN117256533B (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2024-04-05 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for large-scale seed production of Babylonia |
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