CN113349117A - Method and device for ecologically breeding rapana venosa in pond - Google Patents
Method and device for ecologically breeding rapana venosa in pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN113349117A CN113349117A CN202010140381.9A CN202010140381A CN113349117A CN 113349117 A CN113349117 A CN 113349117A CN 202010140381 A CN202010140381 A CN 202010140381A CN 113349117 A CN113349117 A CN 113349117A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
- A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for ecologically breeding rapana venosa in a pond, wherein a standardized breeding pond is selected; a large purse net ecosystem is erected, wherein a closed large purse net ecosystem is erected in the pond; selecting a parent shell of the rapana venosa; temporarily breeding the parent shells of the rapana venosa in a mesh cage, and mating the parent shells of the rapana venosa in a male and female manner to produce a petal-shaped egg bag of the yellow chrysanthemum; collecting and hatching egg bags; when the rapana venosa larvae are cultivated to reach 4-layer primary larvae, corrugated plates are placed at the bottom of the purse net ecosystem and scallop strings are attached to the bottom of the purse net ecosystem, so that benthonic organisms are attached to the rapana venosa larvae, the 4-layer larvae of the rapana venosa are post-attached and transformed into juvenile snails, and the juvenile snails utilize the attached benthonic organisms to feed and grow until the larvae reach the cultivation specification and are harvested. Aiming at the technical problem of rapana venosa seedling culture, a new seedling culture mode is developed according to the research of a food chain under the natural ecology of rapana venosa, the seedling culture cost is reduced, and the green, ecological, healthy and environment-friendly development concept of aquaculture is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for breeding rapana venosa seedlings, in particular to a method for ecologically breeding rapana venosa seedlings in a pond.
Background
Maihongluo spiro (Maihongluo)Rapana Venosa) The red snail is a special economic shellfish living along the bank of the yellow Bohai sea, has particularly fat feet, fresh, tender and fat meat quality and rich nutrition, is popular with consumers and has wide market prospect. The rapana venosa has the advantages of high breeding growth speed, short breeding period, strong disease resistance, high survival rate and remarkable economic benefit, and the breeding scale is continuously enlarged, so that the requirements on the rapana venosa seedlings are more and more, but the rapana venosa seedlings are still in the test stage at present.
The important factor of the immature rapana venosa offspring seed breeding technology is that the problem of feeding habit conversion of rapana venosa young snails is not solved, and the feeding habit conversion refers to the fact that plant baits such as ingesta monadian algae need to be converted into animal baits in the process of changing rapana venosa larvae into young snails. At present, a cultivation method for performing sex conversion on rapana venosa larvae by using oyster juvenile mollusks is available, but rapana venosa seedling cultivation effect is still not ideal, indoor seedling cultivation metamorphosis rate is low, seedling emergence amount of rapana venosa artificial seedling is low, and cost is high, so that rapana venosa seedling cultivation conditions need to be further optimized to improve the success rate of rapana venosa seedling cultivation and meet market requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for ecologically breeding rapana venosa in a pond, which can overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a method for ecologically breeding rapana venosa in a pond comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a standardized aquaculture pond: feeding water and fertilizing water, and culturing biological bait;
(2) constructing a large purse net ecosystem, namely constructing a closed large purse net ecosystem in a pond, wherein a net cage for temporarily culturing and exchanging the parent rapana venosa shellfish is arranged in the system;
(3) selecting a parent shell of the rapana venosa;
(4) temporarily breeding and mating the parent shells of the rapana venosa, namely temporarily breeding the parent shells of the rapana venosa in a mesh cage, and mating the parent shells of the rapana venosa in a male and female manner to produce a petal-shaped egg bag of the yellow chrysanthemum;
(5) removing parent shellfish, collecting the egg bags into the big purse net ecosystem, incubating and culturing, wherein water is not fed and drained during incubation, and the water environment is kept stable;
(6) and (3) rapana venosa larva cultivation, namely, when rapana venosa larva cultivation reaches 4-layer initial larva, placing a corrugated plate at the bottom of the purse net ecosystem and tying a scallop string to attach benthonic organisms, carrying out post-attachment transformation on the rapana venosa 4-layer larva into young snails, and utilizing the attached benthonic organisms to feed and grow the metamorphosed rapana venosa young snails until the rapana venosa larva reaches the cultivation specification and is collected and sold.
Further, the step (1) is specifically as follows: the pond is a rectangular pond with the size of 10-30 mu and the water depth of 1.2-1.6m, the water is conveniently drained and drained, the bottom materials are silt and fine sand and are flat, before the pond seedling culture, the pond bottom is cleaned and flattened, then the pond is disinfected by bleaching solution or chlorine dioxide for one week, and then water is filled and fertilized, and biological bait is cultured.
Further, ecological big purse seine system main part is a purse seine frame body in step (2), include except that the upper portion opening by the frame that the screen cloth encloses the cover, this frame four sides vertical direction is equipped with the bracing piece, plays the effect of supporting whole purse seine frame body, the upper portion of purse seine frame body is equipped with the floater, provides buoyancy for the purse seine frame body, the upper portion opening part of purse seine frame body is equipped with the buoyant rope for the scallop cluster ties of tying, and the lower extreme of the purse seine frame body of telling is equipped with a plurality of stationary dogs, plays the fixed action, and the lower part of the purse seine frame body of telling is equipped with a plurality of buckled plates for adhere to the young spiral shell of the red spiral shell of arteries and veins.
Furthermore, the ecological purse net system also comprises a net cage for temporarily breeding and mating the parent rapana venosa shellfish, the net cage is formed by a polyethylene plastic net, a cover is arranged above the net cage, a hook for sealing the cover is covered on the cover, and a lifting rope is arranged on the net cage and can be hung on the floating rope; the mesh cage can also be used for temporary culture and spawning of parent oysters; the size of the net cage is 1.2-1.5 m long, 40-50cm wide and 30-40cm high.
Furthermore, the ecological large purse net system is characterized in that a frame which is composed of bamboo poles and is 8-10 meters long, 5-6 meters wide and 2.0-2.2 meters high is erected at a position, which is far away from a water inlet, of a pond by 30 meters, then a screen with 80-100 meshes is used for enclosing the frame into a semi-closed ecological large purse net system with an open upper portion, the height of the large purse net body is 2.0-2.2 meters, the bottom of a polyethylene screen is inserted into the position 5-10cm below the bottom of the pond through the frame and a support rod, fixing claws are arranged at the bottoms of the frame (1) and the support rod, floating balls are arranged at the upper portion of the large purse net ecological body, 2-3 large purse net ecological bodies can be arranged per mu, fan shells are hung on a water layer of the large purse net ecological bodies, and corrugated plates are arranged at the bottom of the large purse net ecological bodies. 2-3 floating ropes are arranged above the large purse net ecological body so as to hang oyster scallop shell attaching bases.
Furthermore, in the step (3), wild rapana venosa parent shellfish is picked from the sea in 5-6 months of rapana venosa breeding season, the shell height is 8-10cm, the shell shape is complete, and the non-injured rapana venosa parent shellfish is used.
Furthermore, after temporarily breeding parent rapana venosa in a net cage for 4-6 days in the step (4), carrying out male and female mating on rapana venosa to produce yellow chrysanthemum petal-shaped egg bags, wherein the period management is to feed low-value shellfish such as mactra veneriformis and mussels for 1 time every morning to reach 10-15% of the weight of the rapana venosa.
Further, in the step (5), the parent rapana venosa shellfish is removed, the egg bags are collected and placed into the large purse net body which is sterilized in the soil pond for incubation and cultivation, then the yellow chrysanthemum petal-shaped egg bags are incubated at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ for 18-25 days to obtain the facetted pelagic larva, the egg bags are picked out after all the larvae in the oocysts are incubated to be black, no water is fed or drained during incubation, and the water environment is kept stable.
Further, the method for managing the pond specifically comprises the following steps: before raising seedlings in the pond, cleaning and leveling the bottom of the pond, then disinfecting for a week by using bleaching solution or chlorine dioxide, feeding water and fertilizing water, and feeding water and draining water for 1 time according to the amount of 10-15% every 3-5 days during temporary culture and mating of the parent rapana venosa shellfish; water is not fed and drained during the hatching period; during larva cultivation, including oyster larva cultivation, only water is fed in 10-15% of the amount of the oyster larva per time without draining, and during larva cultivation, according to pond bait conditions, a fertilizer water agent or 1-2kg of urea and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate are applied to a pond for 1-2 times and uniformly scattered in the pond outside a large purse net ecosystem for fertilizing water. After the young rapana venosa and the young crassostrea gigas are attached, large water inflow and drainage are started, and after 1-2 months of ecological cultivation, the young rapana venosa and the young crassostrea gigas grow to be more than 1.0cm, can be sold and cultured, and meanwhile, the harvested crassostrea gigas seedlings can also be sold and cultured. The method adopts different water feeding and draining modes at different cultivation stages, is favorable for keeping stable water quality and ensures the attachment and metamorphosis conversion rate of the rapana venosa larvae.
Further, the method comprises the step of cultivating the crassostrea gigas larvae, wherein the crassostrea gigas larvae are subjected to ecological breeding in a soil pond at the same time in the later stage of hatching of the crassostrea gigas egg bags, parent crassostrea gigas are prepared to lay eggs and hatch according to 10-15Kg per mu, the breeding density of the crassostrea gigas larvae in the soil pond is kept to be 0.5-1.0/mL, the larvae are bred for 22-26 days to form eyespots, scallop boats and corrugated plate attaching juvenile crassostressostressostressostressostressostresson are put into the big purse net ecosystem to serve as baits for converting the eating character into meat after the attachment and the metamorphosis of the crassostressostresson snails, the oyster larvae are collected by only attaching the shell attaching bases outside the big purse net ecosystem, and the attachment and the conversion rate of the crassostresson snails is improved.
Further, the soil pond artificial breeding of crassostrea gigas, larva do not discharge water during cultivating, only intake, can discharge water after a month, parent shellfish needs intake and discharge water during cultivating, larva only intakes and does not discharge water during cultivating, need intake and discharge water after adhering to, during the hatching, intake and discharge water, utilize including planktonic unicellular algae and organic bits of broken bits in the purse seine ecological body in the pond to satisfy oyster larva's growth and development, it carries out oyster seedling collection to begin to put in the scallop shell adherance after 320 microns to grow, the oyster adherance evenly puts in pond and purse seine ecological body.
In addition, the screen mesh in the purse seine ecosystem is 80-100 meshes, the aperture of the screen mesh is smaller than 300 microns, and the larva of the rapana venosa in the initial incubation period is larger than 330 microns, so that the rapana venosa larva meets the growth and development requirements of the rapana venosa in the purse seine ecosystem by utilizing bait organisms in the purse seine ecosystem. The oyster larvae can freely enter and exit the large purse net ecological body without being influenced because the size of the oyster larvae is less than 300 micrometers before attachment and metamorphosis.
The invention has the advantages and technical effects that:
aiming at the technical problem of the rapana venosa seedling culture, according to the research on the food chain of the rapana venosa in the natural ecology, the rapana venosa has the characteristic of many places in wild oysters and other mudflat shellfish, a new seedling culture mode is developed, and the seedling culture cost is reduced.
The method solves the problems of low survival rate, low emergence amount and high cost caused by difficult bait conversion and water pollution of fed carnivorous minced fillet in the whole indoor artificial breeding, utilizes natural ecological plankton and benthic organisms in the pond, simultaneously utilizes large spawning amount, simple breeding and high emergence amount of oysters to ecologically culture a part of juvenile oysters to meet animal baits required by the trophic conversion of the young rapana venosa, improves the survival rate of the juvenile rapana venosa to be more than 60 percent, can cultivate large-size juvenile rapana venosa of more than 1.0cm, simultaneously reduces the production cost, is ecological and environment-friendly, ensures healthy and healthy production seedlings, has high survival rate and conforms to the development concept of green and health.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the seine ecosystem of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mesh cage for temporary culture and mating of parent rapana venosa shellfish.
Wherein, the device comprises a frame 1, a screen 2, a support rod 3, a fixed claw 4, a floating ball 5, a scallop string 6, a corrugated plate 7, a floating rope 8, a net cage 9, an upper cover 10, a hook 11 and a lifting rope 12.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained and illustrated by means of specific embodiments and with reference to the drawings.
Example 1:
a method for ecologically breeding rapana venosa in a pond comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a standardized aquaculture pond, namely a rectangular pond with the pond size of 10-30 mu and the water depth of 1.2-1.6m, wherein the pond is convenient to feed and discharge water, the bottom is made of silt and fine sand and is flat, before pond seedling culture, the pond bottom is cleaned and flattened, then the pond is disinfected by bleaching solution or chlorine dioxide for one week, and then water is fed and fertilized to culture biological bait.
(2) A large purse net ecosystem is erected in the pond, a bamboo rod frame with the length of 8-10 meters, the width of 5-6 meters and the height of 2.0-2.2 meters is erected at a position, which is far away from a water inlet, of the pond by 30 meters, then a polyethylene screen with the size of 80-100 meshes is used for enclosing the frame into a closed large purse net ecosystem, the height of the purse net is 2.0-2.2 meters, the bottom of the polyethylene screen is inserted into the bottom of the pond by the frame and a support rod by 5-10cm, and 2-3 purse nets can be arranged per mu. 2-3 floating ropes are arranged above the large purse net ecological body so as to be convenient for hanging oyster attaching base for seedling collection.
(3) Temporary breeding and mating net cages for parent rapana venosa, wherein 1-2 net cages for temporary breeding and mating rapana venosa are arranged in a large purse net ecological body, the net cages are made of polyethylene plastic nets and are made into net cage bodies with the length of 1.2-1.5 m, the width of 40-50cm and the height of 30-40cm, a cover is arranged above the net cages and is covered with hooks for sealing, and lifting ropes arranged on the net cage bodies can be hung on floating ropes arranged above the large purse net ecological body and fixed on a support of the large purse net body; the net cage can also be used for oyster spawning.
(4) Selecting the parent shells of the rapana venosa, namely picking wild parent shells of the rapana venosa from the sea in 5-6 months of the breeding season of the rapana venosa, wherein the shells are 8-10cm high and complete, and the intact shells of the wild parent shells of the rapana venosa are used as the parent shells.
(5) Temporarily breeding and mating parent rapana venosa shellfish, namely temporarily breeding the selected parent rapana venosa shellfish in a parent shellfish breeding cage for 4-6 days, and then carrying out male and female mating on the rapana venosa to produce yellow chrysanthemum petal-shaped egg bags, wherein the period management is to feed low-value shellfish such as mactra veneriformis, mussels and the like for 1 time in the morning to reach 10-15% of the weight of the rapana venosa shellfish.
(6) And (3) egg bag collection and incubation, namely removing parent shells of the rapana venosa, collecting the egg bags, putting the collected egg bags into a large purse net body which is sterilized in a soil pond, incubating and cultivating, incubating the egg bags in a petal shape of the yellow chrysanthemum out of the dough pan larva for 18-25 days at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, picking out the egg bags after all the larvae in the egg bags are incubated to be black, and keeping the water environment stable without water inlet and drainage during incubation.
(7) The rapana venosa larva is cultivated in a macroreticular ecological body according to the density of 0.1-0.2/ml, the rapana venosa larva is cultivated once according to the water receiving rate of tide for 3-5 days under the condition of water temperature of 20-26 ℃ for 22-30 days until the rapana venosa larva reaches the initial larva of 1100-1200 micron 4-layer spiral shell, the bottom of the macroreticular ecological body is provided with a polyethylene corrugated plate and a polyethylene tile attaching base, a water layer is hung on the pectinate hole scallop shell attaching base to allow benthos to be attached to the polyethylene tile, the corrugated plate and the scallop shell, the rapana venosa larva is suspended for 5-8 days and then is attached to be transformed into rapana venosa, the transformed rapana venosa larva utilizes benthos attached to the corrugated plate, the scallop shell and the bolting net and the attached oyster larva to feed, the survival rate after the attachment transformation can reach more than 60 percent and is stripped off after the rapana venosa larva grows to 1.0cm, and (5) carrying out propagation and cultivation.
(8) And (3) oyster larva cultivation, namely performing ecological seedling cultivation of the crassostrea gigas in a soil pond simultaneously in the later stage of hatching of the crassostrea gigas egg bags, preparing parent oysters of the crassostrea gigas for spawning and hatching according to 10-15Kg per mu, keeping the cultivation density of the oyster larvae in the soil pond to be 0.5-1.0/mL, cultivating the larvae for 22-26 days to form eyespots, putting scallop shells and polyethylene corrugated plate adhesion oyster larva in a purse net, using the scallop shells and the polyethylene corrugated plate adhesion oyster larva as bait for converting the feeding character into meat meal after the crassostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostressostresson into meat meal, and hanging only scallop shell adhesion base oyster seedlings outside the purse net ecology.
(9) The management of the big purse net ecology body and the pond comprises that 10-15% of water is drained and fed once every 3-5 days during the temporary culture period of the parent snails, water is not fed and drained during the incubation period, only 10-15% of water is fed during the culture period of the rapana venosa larvae and the culture period of the crassostrea gigas larvae, water is not drained, and the water quality stability of the pond is facilitated.
As shown in figure 1, the purse seine ecosystem is characterized in that a frame 1 with the length of 8-10 meters, the width of 5-6 meters and the height of 2.0-2.2 meters is erected on a bamboo pole, then a polyethylene screen 2 with the size of 80-100 meshes is used for enclosing the frame into a closed ecological purse seine body, the height of the purse seine body is 2.0-2.2 meters, the bottom of the polyethylene screen is inserted into the bottom of a pond by the frame 1 and a support rod 3 by 5-10cm, fixing claws 4 are arranged at the bottoms of the frame 1 and the support rod, floating balls 5 are arranged at the upper part of the purse seine ecological body, 2-3 purse seine ecological bodies can be arranged per mu, a scallop shell 6 is hung on a water layer of the purse seine ecological body, a corrugated plate 7 is arranged at the bottom, and 2-3 floating ropes 8 are arranged above the purse seine ecological body so as to hang a scallop shell attaching base.
As shown in fig. 2, the temporary rapana venosa breeding and mating net cage is a net cage body 9 which is made of a polyethylene plastic net and has the length of 1.2-1.5 m, the width of 40-50cm and the height of 30-40cm, a cover 10 is arranged above the net cage, a hook 11 which is covered with a cover is arranged on the cover, a hanging rope 12 arranged on the net cage body 9 can be hung on a floating rope above the ecological body of the big purse net and fixed on a support of the big purse net, and the net cage can also be used for temporary breeding and spawning of parent oysters.
The polyethylene bolting silk net of the purse net ecosystem is 80-100 meshes, the aperture of the bolting silk net is smaller than 300 microns, and the larva at the early stage of the hatching of the rapana venosa is larger than 330 microns, so that the rapana venosa larva meets the growth and development requirements of the rapana venosa larva by utilizing bait organisms in the purse net ecosystem. The oyster larvae can freely enter and exit the large purse net ecological body without being influenced because the size of the oyster larvae is less than 300 micrometers before attachment and metamorphosis.
In the method, the oyster is artificially cultured in the soil pond, water is not discharged during the culturing period, only water is fed, water can be discharged after one month, the growth and development of oyster larvae are met by using planktonic unicellular algae and organic debris in the pond including the purse seine ecological body, the scallop shell attaching base is put in after the oyster grows to 320 microns for oyster seedling collection, and the oyster attaching base is uniformly put in the pond and the purse seine ecological body.
According to the pond management method, before pond seedling raising, the bottom of a pond is cleaned and leveled, then disinfection treatment is carried out for one week by using bleaching solution or chlorine dioxide, water is fed and enriched, during temporary culture and mating of the parent rapana venosa, water feeding and drainage are carried out for 1 time according to the amount of 10-15% every 3-5 days, water feeding and drainage are not carried out during incubation, during larva culture, including during oyster larva culture, only 10-15% of water is fed, during larva culture, according to pond bait conditions, a water fertilizing agent or 1-2kg of urea and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is applied to the pond for 1-2 times, and the water fertilizing is uniformly scattered in the pond outside a purse seine ecological body. After the young rapana venosa and the young crassostrea gigas are attached, large water inflow and drainage are started, and after 1-2 months of ecological cultivation, the young rapana venosa and the young crassostrea gigas grow to be more than 1.0cm, can be sold and cultured, and meanwhile, the harvested crassostrea gigas seedlings can also be sold and cultured.
The method solves the problems of low survival rate, low emergence amount and high cost caused by difficult bait conversion and water pollution caused by feeding carnivorous minced fillet in the whole indoor artificial breeding, utilizes natural ecological plankton and benthic organisms in the pond, simultaneously utilizes the large spawning amount, simplicity in breeding and high emergence amount of oysters to ecologically culture a part of oyster juvenile mollusks to meet the requirement of animal baits for the trophic conversion of the rapana venosa juvenile mollusks, greatly improves the survival rate of the juvenile mollusks to more than 60 percent, and can culture large-size juvenile mollusks of more than 1.0 cm.
Claims (10)
1. A method for ecologically breeding rapana venosa in a pond is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a standardized aquaculture pond: feeding water and fertilizing water, and culturing biological bait;
(2) constructing a large purse net ecosystem, namely constructing a closed large purse net ecosystem in a pond, wherein a net cage for temporarily culturing and exchanging the parent rapana venosa shellfish is arranged in the system;
(3) selecting a parent shell of the rapana venosa;
(4) temporarily breeding and mating the parent shells of the rapana venosa, namely temporarily breeding the parent shells of the rapana venosa in a mesh cage, and mating the parent shells of the rapana venosa in a male and female manner to produce a petal-shaped egg bag of the yellow chrysanthemum;
(5) removing parent shellfish, collecting the egg bags into the big purse net ecosystem, incubating and culturing, wherein water is not fed and drained during incubation, and the water environment is kept stable;
(6) and (3) rapana venosa larva cultivation, namely, when rapana venosa larva cultivation reaches 4 spirea layer initial larva, a corrugated plate (7) is placed at the bottom of the large purse net ecological system, and a scallop string (6) is attached to the corrugated plate, so that benthos is attached, the rapana venosa 4 layer larva is attached and transformed into juvenile mollusk, and the transformed rapana venosa juvenile mollusk grows by using the attached benthos as feed until the rapana venosa larva reaches the cultivation specification and is collected and sold.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein step (1) is specifically: the pond is a rectangular pond with the size of 10-30 mu and the water depth of 1.2-1.6m, the pond is convenient to water intake and discharge, the bottom materials are silt and fine sand and are flat, before pond seedling culture, the pond bottom is cleaned and flattened, then the pond is disinfected by bleaching solution or chlorine dioxide for one week, and then water is intake and fertilized, and biological bait is cultured.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main body of the ecological large purse net system in step (2) is a purse net frame body, which comprises a frame (1) surrounded by a screen (2) except for an upper opening, wherein the frame (1) is provided with support rods (3) in vertical directions on four sides to support the whole purse net frame body, floating balls (5) are arranged on the upper part of the purse net frame body to provide buoyancy for the purse net frame body, a floating rope (8) is arranged at the upper opening of the purse net frame body to tie a scallop string (6), a plurality of fixing claws (4) are arranged at the lower end of the purse net frame body to fix the purse net frame body, and a plurality of corrugated plates (7) are arranged at the lower part of the purse net frame body to attach young red snails.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological seine system further comprises a net cage (9) for temporary rearing and mating of the parent rapana venosa, the net cage (9) is surrounded by a polyethylene plastic net, a cover (10) is arranged above the net cage (9) and is covered by a closed hook (11), and a lifting rope (12) is arranged on the net cage (9) and can be hung on the floating rope (8).
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3), wild meridional shells of meridional rapes are harvested from the sea in 5-6 months of the meridional rapes breeding season, with a shell height of 8-10cm, intact shell shapes, and intact shells of meridional rapes without injury.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), after temporary rearing of parent shells of rapana venosa in a net cage for 4-6 days, rapana venosa starts to be mated female and male to produce yellow chrysanthemum petal-shaped egg bags, and the period management is that low-value shellfish such as mactra veneriformis and mussel are fed for 1 time every morning to reach 10-15% of the weight of the shellfish.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the parent shells of the rapana venosa are removed, the egg bags are collected and put into a large purse net system which is sterilized in a soil pond for incubation and cultivation, then the egg bags in the shape of yellow chrysanthemum petals are incubated out of the facial plate larvae at the water temperature of 20-25 ℃ for 18-25 days, the egg bags are picked out after all the larvae in the oocysts are incubated out to be black, and water is not fed and drained during incubation, so that the water environment is kept stable.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method of managing ponds comprises: before raising seedlings in a pond, cleaning and leveling the bottom of the pond, disinfecting the pond by bleaching solution or chlorine dioxide for one week, then feeding water and fertilizing water, feeding water and draining water for 1 time according to 10-15% of water every 3-5 days during temporary culture and mating of the parent rapana venosa, and not feeding water and draining water during incubation, wherein 10-15% of water is fed each time and water is not drained during larva culture, and during larva culture, according to pond bait conditions, applying a fertilizer water agent or 1-2kg of urea and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate to the pond for 1-2 times, and uniformly scattering the fertilizer water in the pond outside a purse seine ecosystem for fertilizing water; after the young rapana venosa and the young oysters of the oysters are attached, large water inflow and drainage are started, and after ecological cultivation for 1-2 months, the young rapana venosa grows to be more than 1.0cm, and the method is finished.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises incubating the crassostrea gigas larvae: in the later stage of rapana venosa ovum bag incubation, the oyster soil pond ecological breeding is carried out simultaneously in the soil pond, parent oysters of the oysters are prepared to lay eggs and incubate according to 10-15Kg per mu, the breeding density of oyster larvae in the soil pond is kept to be 0.5-1.0/mL, eyespots appear after 22-26 days of larva breeding, scallop strings and corrugated plate adhesion oyster juvenile larvae are thrown into the purse net ecological system to serve as baits for converting the feeding habit into meat after rapana venosa adhesion metamorphosis, and oyster larvae are collected on the outer hanging scallop shell adhesion bases of the purse net ecological system.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the oysters are grown manually in a soil pond, water is not drained during the growing period, only water is fed, water is drained after the attachment is completed, the growth and development of oyster larvae are met by using planktonic unicellular algae and organic debris in the pond including the purse seine ecological body, the shells of scallop adhesion bases are put into the pond after the size of the shells grows to 320 microns for oyster seedling collection, and the oyster adhesion bases are evenly put into the pond and the purse seine ecological body.
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