CN103081697B - Paddy rice direct seeding light cultivation method - Google Patents
Paddy rice direct seeding light cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation and relates to a paddy rice direct seeding light cultivation method. The paddy rice direct seeding light cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1), variety choice: medium maturity japonica type paddy rice variety is suitable for huanghuai south area, (2), optimum period and earlier planting: ploughing up and sowing in time after summer crops like wheat, rape and the like stubble in huanghuai south area, sowing time is in first ten-day period of a month and middle-ten day period of a month in June, the latest sowing time can not exceed 25, June, (3), suitable sowing quantity: in 5-10, June, certified seeds of 9-10 jins per acre are used, and in 10-15, June, certified seeds of 11-12 jins per acre are used, in 15-20, June certified seeds of 14-15 jins per acre are used, (14), seeding method: drought direct seeding and water direct seeding are utilized. (5), chemical weed control, and (6), management in middle and later periods: water slurry management, fertilizer management and pest control. The paddy rice direct seeding light cultivation method solves the problems that rural labors transfer and planting of paddy rice is difficult and particularly copes the problems of outbreaks of worm spread diseases - stripe leaf blight disease year by year to bring cost to paddy rice production. The paddy rice direct seeding light cultivation method has the advantages of capable of saving labors and cost, high in production, and simple and convenient to operate and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arviculture technical field, relate to a kind of rice direct-seeding light cultivation method.
Background technology
Rice Production since the dawn of human civilization traditional planting patterns is seedling raising and transplanting, mainly comprises: finishing seedling furrow, and vernalization premature rice, young plants management, plays seedling, fortune seedling, on land for growing field crops the whole ground of water, the link such as plants.Have saying of " the difficult cultivation of the nice seedling of rice, facing the loess back of the body towards sky, and difficulty was planted half mu of field in a day ".Per unit area yield, in order to cultivate strong seedling, improves in agricultural sector, constantly requires to improve seedling, field ratio, by original seedling, field, than 1:10-12, brings up to 1:8 and 1:6, has expanded rice seedling bed area, has reduced summer crops cultivated area.In order to alleviate the difficult problem of transplanting seedlings, agricultural sector had also once promoted the new modes of plantation such as " rice seedling throwings " and " wheat cover rice ", but all because the disadvantages outweigh the advantages, did not promote and come all the time.Since entering this century, the large quantities of Labor Transfer in rural area, the expert that the transplants seedlings manual labour of going down town, paddy rice is planted difficult contradiction.Simultaneously rice transplanting cost constantly rises, and before 2005, every mu, paddy rice is transplanted cost only needs 50-60 yuan, and after arriving 2010 every mu rise to 240-260 yuan.Particularly worm biography disease-stripe virus disease is broken out year after year, causes the large underproduction of paddy rice, and total crop failure field can be found everywhere.The increase of paddy rice cost and the year after year underproduction are had no harvest and are caused serious threat to Rice Production.Statistical analysis according to investigations, before Sihong County, Jiangsu Province 2000, Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area is more than 70 ten thousand mu, and average per unit area yield approaches very heavy, and after 2005,300,000 mu of cultivated area less thaies, per unit area yield declines more than 200 jin.At this, jeopardize grain-production safety-critical constantly, we by inquiry some peasant households because of stripe virus disease harm, have to oneself edible paddy rice to be reseeded, also have certain results, even than the field that is subject to stripe virus disease harm many receipts also.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of rice direct-seeding light cultivation method for above-mentioned weak point, technical solution of the present invention: 1, kind is selected.2, sowing date for early sowing.3, the suitable amount of broadcasting.4, type of seeding.5, chemical weed control.6,6 steps such as middle and later periods management complete.It has solved rural laborer's transfer, the expert that especially the transplants seedlings manual labour of going down town, and paddy rice is planted difficulty.Particularly tackle worm biography disease-stripe virus disease and break out year after year, to Rice Production, bring many difficult problems such as loss.This technology is saved the special-purpose rice seedling bed of paddy rice simultaneously, manually transplants seedlings, the operation such as fetch water bubble.This technology has saving of labor's abridged edition, high yield, the advantage such as easy and simple to handle, welcome by peasant, has broad application prospects.
Rice direct-seeding light cultivation method of the present invention is to take following technical scheme to realize:
Rice direct-seeding light cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: sheet is suitable in the Yellow River and Huai He River south select in ripe middle round-grained rice type rice varieties, 145-150 days time of infertility.
(2) sowing date for early sowing: the summer crops such as the Yellow River and Huai He River south sheet wheat, rape allow after stubble and plough in time sowing, and at early and middle ten days in June, must not surpass June 25 at the latest sowing time.
(3) the suitable amount of broadcasting: on June-10 on the 5th, every mu with 9-10 jin of registered seeds ,-15 days on the 10th June, 11-12 jin every mu ,-20 days on the 15th June, 14-15 jin every mu.
(4) type of seeding: type of seeding adopts direct-sowing dry method and water direct seeding method, it is main adopting direct-sowing dry method, in particular cases, as met continuous rainy weather after wheat harvest, also can adopt water direct seeding method.
Described direct-sowing dry method step comprises:
1) wheat, rape results allow a rotary tillage in time after stubble, in conjunction with whole land, execute 50-60 jin of three element compound fertilizers, and wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium respectively account for 15%, make rice basal fertilizer, and whole geological measuring will reach Land leveling, upper without clod, and lower nothing is secretly turned up soil.
2) broadcast 10-15 jin of registered seeds for every mu, in ripe middle round-grained rice type rice varieties should select early, medium variety;
3) type of seeding can be taked artificial drilling or machine sowing, as pour water in time, should take presoaking and germinating sowing, with day, soak night dew method and treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing finishes rear high standard and holds a set of ditch in field successfully, three meters of left and right of clean furrow face, artificial trench digging also can be ditched by machine, ditch depth 15cm left and right, depending on the smooth degree in ground, every 40-50m opens waist ditch one, ditch ditch to communicate, and guarantees that irrigation and drainage are unimpeded;
4) sowing and ditching finishes rear timely irrigation, and neat rear draining is in time filled with in full field.
Described water direct seeding method step comprises:
1) after wheat, rape results, in case of overcast and rainy continuously, for do not rob farming season and strive early sowing season by mistake, can take water direct seeding method, wheat, rape results allow batch timely rotary tillage of relief stubble, in conjunction with whole land, execute 50-60 jin of three element compound fertilizers, and wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium respectively account for 15%, make rice basal fertilizer, whole geological measuring will reach Land leveling.
2) broadcast 10-15 jin of registered seeds for every mu, kind should be selected early, medium variety, as force fortune round-grained rice 21 or rice series or even round-grained rice series or town rice 99 etc. slowly;
3) type of seeding can be taked artificial broadcast or machine sowing, as pour water in time, should take presoaking and germinating sowing, with day, soak night dew method and treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing finishes rear high standard and holds a set of ditch in field successfully, three meters of left and right of clean furrow face, artificial trench digging also can be ditched by machine, ditch depth 15cm left and right, depending on the smooth degree in ground, every 40-50m opens waist ditch one, ditch ditch to communicate, and guarantees that irrigation and drainage are unimpeded;
4) sowing and ditching finishes rear timely irrigation, and neat rear draining is in time filled with in full field.
(5) chemical weed control: sowing finishes rear timely trench digging pours water, full field drains rapidly after pouring water and finishing, and 0.3 jin of butachlor of every mu of use is watered 60 jin of sprayings and closes down.Sow after 15 days, 3-4 leaf phases of paddy rice are prevented and kill off broad leaved weed, grassy weed again, and mu adds 35 grams of 50% dichloro quinolinic acids with 25% Bentazon 250ml and is watered 60 jin of even spraying.
(6) middle and later periods management:
1) water starch management: take moistening irrigation as main early stage, fills with the water of once having a ride on a horse for every 7-10 days, take earth's surface not whitening be degree.Be conducive to coordinate the hot contradiction of liquid manure gas, short long root, short tillering.When total stem tiller seedling reaches while being predetermined to be 1.2-1.5 times of spike numbers, put field, put field standard depending on the growth of cereal crop seedlings, have the field of de-power jaundice gently to put or not put, as excessive in growing way Guo Wang colony should heavily putting, leaves over blade strong, and leaf look moves back light, earth's surface is covered with white, and micro-have a crackle, goes to the field not fall into pin and be as the criterion.Jointing-booting stage can be set up water layer.After Rice Heading, intermittent irrigation, dry wet, front water does not connect rear water, is conducive to support Gen Baoye and lives ripe in old.Gather in and stop pouring water for first 7-10 days.
2) fertilizer application: the per mu yield of take super very heavy be standard.Using sufficient under base manure prerequisite, seedling stage, mu executed that 15-20 jin of urea are short tillers, booting stage is when between base portion first segment during fixed length, mu is executed 30-35 jin of urea and is made booting fertilizer, after Rice Heading, mu is executed 10 jin of left and right of urea and is made granulated fertilizer, and Grain Filling carries out spray leaf fertilizer, strive grain heavy, select 0.5 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or like that 100 grams of seedlings are watered 60 jin of sprayings for every mu.
3) extermination of disease and insect pest: Main Rice Diseases has rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, false smut, panicle blast etc.Insect Pests in Rice has rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borer, brown planthopper etc.Mu added 250 grams of dimehypos with bent gram 100 grams of pest lines and was watered 60 jin of spraying control rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borers seedling stage.Cut earing phase mu adds 100 grams of tricyclazoles with 500 grams of 5% jinggangmeisus and adds 50 grams of buprofezins and be watered 60 jin of sprayings and prevent and treat false smut, panicle blast, brown planthopper.Paddy rice general 4 left and right of prevention and elimination of disease and pests of wanting in all one's life.Ripe discontinuing medication for first 25-30 days, to alleviate paddy residue of pesticide.
Described morning, medium variety are selected military fortune round-grained rice 21 or Xu rice series or are connected round-grained rice series or town rice 99 etc.
Described direct-sowing dry method and water direct seeding method have machine sowing and broadcast sowing two kinds, with machine sowing for well.
Rice direct-seeding light cultivation method of the present invention is compared and is had the following advantages with current rice cultivating method:
1, wheat, rape results allow a batch rear direct seading rice, save transplanting rice special use rice seedling bed, vacate and plant more summer crops.
2, the Yellow River and Huai He River south sheet mid or late May, early June just paddy rice small brown rice planthopper break out the critical period.Rice direct-seeding staggers farming season, avoids small brown rice planthopper thorn to inhale, and brings out stripe disease and endangers.
3, save manually and transplant seedlings, save paddy rice and plant cost.
4, save the soaked field of fetching water, using water wisely, saves water rate.
5, free the arduous work of rice transplanting hand.
6, adopt the average per unit area yield of rice direct-seeding light cultivation method rice-cultivating of the present invention to surpass very heavy.
Embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following embodiment does not only limit the present invention for the present invention is described:
Embodiment 1:
Before and after June 10, wheat, rape results allow a rotary tillage in time after stubble, adopt direct-sowing dry method, in conjunction with whole land, execute 50-60 jin of three element compound fertilizers, and wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium respectively account for 15%, make rice basal fertilizer.Whole geological measuring will reach Land leveling, upper without clod, and lower nothing is secretly turned up soil.
Broadcast registered seed 9-10 jin for every mu, kind should be selected early, medium variety, as force fortune round-grained rice 21 or rice series or even round-grained rice series or town rice 99 etc. slowly.Type of seeding can be taked artificial drilling or machine sowing, as pour water in time, should take presoaking and germinating sowing, with day, soak night dew method and treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing finishes rear high standard and holds a set of ditch in field successfully, three meters of left and right of clean furrow face, artificial trench digging also can be ditched by machine, ditch depth 15cm left and right, depending on the smooth degree in ground, every 40-50m opens waist ditch one, ditch ditch to communicate, and guarantees that irrigation and drainage are unimpeded.Sowing and ditching finishes rear timely irrigation, and neat rear draining is in time filled with in full field, eliminates and closes down weeds in field, and 0.3 jin of butachlor of every mu of use is watered 60 jin of sprayings and closes down.Sow after 15 days, 3-4 leaf phases of paddy rice are prevented and kill off broad leaved weed, grassy weed again.Mu adds 35 grams of 50% dichloro quinolinic acids with 25% Bentazon 250ml and is watered 60 jin of even spraying.
Middle and later periods management:
(1) water starch management: take moistening irrigation as main early stage, fills with the water of once having a ride on a horse for every 7-10 days, take earth's surface not whitening be degree.Be conducive to coordinate the hot contradiction of liquid manure gas, short long root, short tillering.When total stem tiller seedling reaches while being predetermined to be 1.2-1.5 times of spike numbers, put field, put field standard depending on the growth of cereal crop seedlings, have the field of de-power jaundice gently to put or not put, as excessive in growing way Guo Wang colony should heavily putting, leaves over blade strong, and leaf look moves back light, earth's surface is covered with white, and micro-have a crackle, goes to the field not fall into pin and be as the criterion.Jointing-booting stage can be set up water layer.After Rice Heading, intermittent irrigation, dry wet, front water does not connect rear water, is conducive to support Gen Baoye and lives ripe in old.Gather in and stop pouring water for first 7-10 days.
(2) fertilizer application: the per mu yield of take super very heavy be standard.Using sufficient under base manure prerequisite, seedling stage, mu executed that 15-20 jin of urea are short tillers, booting stage is when between base portion first segment during fixed length, mu is executed 30-35 jin of urea and is made booting fertilizer, after Rice Heading, mu is executed 10 jin of left and right of urea and is made granulated fertilizer, and Grain Filling carries out spray leaf fertilizer, strive grain heavy, select 0.5 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or like that 100 grams of seedlings are watered 60 jin of sprayings for every mu.
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: Main Rice Diseases has rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, false smut, panicle blast etc.Insect Pests in Rice has rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borer, brown planthopper etc.Mu added 250 grams of dimehypos with bent gram 100 grams of pest lines and was watered 60 jin of spraying control rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borers seedling stage.Cut earing phase mu adds 100 grams of tricyclazoles with 500 grams of 5% jinggangmeisus and adds 50 grams of buprofezins and be watered 60 jin of sprayings and prevent and treat false smut, panicle blast, brown planthopper.Paddy rice general 4 left and right of prevention and elimination of disease and pests of wanting in all one's life.Ripe discontinuing medication for first 25-30 days, to alleviate paddy residue of pesticide.
Embodiment 2:
Before and after June 15, wheat, rape results allow a rotary tillage in time after stubble, adopt direct-sowing dry method, in conjunction with whole land, execute 50-60 jin of three element compound fertilizers, and wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium respectively account for 15%, make rice basal fertilizer.Whole geological measuring will reach Land leveling, upper without clod, and lower nothing is secretly turned up soil.
Broadcast registered seed 11-12 jin for every mu, kind should be selected early, medium variety, as force fortune round-grained rice 21 or rice series or even round-grained rice series or town rice 99 slowly.Type of seeding can be taked artificial drilling or machine sowing, as pour water in time, should take presoaking and germinating sowing, with day, soak night dew method and treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing finishes rear high standard and holds a set of ditch in field successfully, three meters of left and right of clean furrow face, artificial trench digging also can be ditched by machine, ditch depth 15cm left and right, depending on the smooth degree in ground, every 40-50m opens waist ditch one, ditch ditch to communicate, and guarantees that irrigation and drainage are unimpeded.Sowing and ditching finishes rear timely irrigation, and neat rear draining is in time filled with in full field, eliminates and closes down weeds in field, and 0.3 jin of butachlor of every mu of use is watered 60 jin of sprayings and closes down.Sow after 15 days, 3-4 leaf phases of paddy rice are prevented and kill off broad leaved weed, grassy weed again.Mu adds 35 grams of 50% dichloro quinolinic acids with 25% Bentazon 250ml and is watered 60 jin of even spraying.
Middle and later periods management:
(1) water starch management: take moistening irrigation as main early stage, fills with the water of once having a ride on a horse for every 7-10 days, take earth's surface not whitening be degree.Be conducive to coordinate the hot contradiction of liquid manure gas, short long root, short tillering.When total stem tiller seedling reaches while being predetermined to be 1.2-1.5 times of spike numbers, put field, put field standard depending on the growth of cereal crop seedlings, have the field of de-power jaundice gently to put or not put, as excessive in growing way Guo Wang colony should heavily putting, leaves over blade strong, and leaf look moves back light, earth's surface is covered with white, and micro-have a crackle, goes to the field not fall into pin and be as the criterion.Jointing-booting stage can be set up water layer.After Rice Heading, intermittent irrigation, dry wet, front water does not connect rear water, is conducive to support Gen Baoye and lives ripe in old.Gather in and stop pouring water for first 7-10 days.
(2) fertilizer application: the per mu yield of take super very heavy be standard.Using sufficient under base manure prerequisite, seedling stage, mu executed that 15-20 jin of urea are short tillers, booting stage is when between base portion first segment during fixed length, mu is executed 30-35 jin of urea and is made booting fertilizer, after Rice Heading, mu is executed 10 jin of left and right of urea and is made granulated fertilizer, and Grain Filling carries out spray leaf fertilizer, strive grain heavy, select 0.5 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or like that 100 grams of seedlings are watered 60 jin of sprayings for every mu.
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: Main Rice Diseases has rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, false smut, panicle blast etc.Insect Pests in Rice has rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borer, brown planthopper etc.Mu added 250 grams of dimehypos with bent gram 100 grams of pest lines and was watered 60 jin of spraying control rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borers seedling stage.Cut earing phase mu adds 100 grams of tricyclazoles with 500 grams of 5% jinggangmeisus and adds 50 grams of buprofezins and be watered 60 jin of sprayings and prevent and treat false smut, panicle blast, brown planthopper.Paddy rice general 4 left and right of prevention and elimination of disease and pests of wanting in all one's life.Ripe discontinuing medication for first 25-30 days, to alleviate paddy residue of pesticide.
Embodiment 3:
Before and after June 20, must not surpass June 25 at the latest, wheat, rape results allow a rotary tillage in time after stubble, and employing direct-sowing dry method, executes 50-60 jin of three element compound fertilizers in conjunction with whole land, and wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium respectively account for 15%, make rice basal fertilizer.Whole geological measuring will reach Land leveling, upper without clod, and lower nothing is secretly turned up soil.
Broadcast registered seed 14-15 jin for every mu, kind should be selected early, medium variety, as force fortune round-grained rice 21 or rice series or even round-grained rice series or town rice 99 etc. slowly.Type of seeding can be taked artificial drilling or machine sowing, as pour water in time, should take presoaking and germinating sowing, with day, soak night dew method and treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing finishes rear high standard and holds a set of ditch in field successfully, three meters of left and right of clean furrow face, artificial trench digging also can be ditched by machine, ditch depth 15cm left and right, depending on the smooth degree in ground, every 40-50m opens waist ditch one, ditch ditch to communicate, and guarantees that irrigation and drainage are unimpeded.Sowing and ditching finishes rear timely irrigation, and neat rear draining is in time filled with in full field, eliminates and closes down weeds in field, and 0.3 jin of butachlor of every mu of use is watered 60 jin of sprayings and closes down.Sow after 15 days, 3-4 leaf phases of paddy rice are prevented and kill off broad leaved weed, grassy weed again.Mu adds 35 grams of 50% dichloro quinolinic acids with 25% Bentazon 250ml and is watered 60 jin of even spraying.
Middle and later periods management:
(1) water starch management: take moistening irrigation as main early stage, fills with the water of once having a ride on a horse for every 7-10 days, take earth's surface not whitening be degree.Be conducive to coordinate the hot contradiction of liquid manure gas, short long root, short tillering.When total stem tiller seedling reaches while being predetermined to be 1.2-1.5 times of spike numbers, put field, put field standard depending on the growth of cereal crop seedlings, have the field of de-power jaundice gently to put or not put, as excessive in growing way Guo Wang colony should heavily putting, leaves over blade strong, and leaf look moves back light, earth's surface is covered with white, and micro-have a crackle, goes to the field not fall into pin and be as the criterion.Jointing-booting stage can be set up water layer.After Rice Heading, intermittent irrigation, dry wet, front water does not connect rear water, is conducive to support Gen Baoye and lives ripe in old.Gather in and stop pouring water for first 7-10 days.
(2) fertilizer application: the per mu yield of take super very heavy be standard.Using sufficient under base manure prerequisite, seedling stage, mu executed that 15-20 jin of urea are short tillers, booting stage is when between base portion first segment during fixed length, mu is executed 30-35 jin of urea and is made booting fertilizer, after Rice Heading, mu is executed 10 jin of left and right of urea and is made granulated fertilizer, and Grain Filling carries out spray leaf fertilizer, strive grain heavy, select 0.5 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or like that 100 grams of seedlings are watered 60 jin of sprayings for every mu.
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: Main Rice Diseases has rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, false smut, panicle blast etc.Insect Pests in Rice has rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borer, brown planthopper etc.Mu added 250 grams of dimehypos with bent gram 100 grams of pest lines and was watered 60 jin of spraying control rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borers seedling stage.Cut earing phase mu adds 100 grams of tricyclazoles with 500 grams of 5% jinggangmeisus and adds 50 grams of buprofezins and be watered 60 jin of sprayings and prevent and treat false smut, panicle blast, brown planthopper.Paddy rice general 4 left and right of prevention and elimination of disease and pests of wanting in all one's life.Ripe discontinuing medication for first 25-30 days, to alleviate paddy residue of pesticide.
Embodiment 4:
Before and after June 20, must not surpass June 25 at the latest, in case of overcast and rainy continuously, for do not rob farming season and strive early sowing season by mistake, can take water direct seeding method, wheat, rape results allow batch timely rotary tillage of relief stubble, in conjunction with whole land, execute 50-60 jin of three element compound fertilizers, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium respectively account for 15%, make rice basal fertilizer.Whole geological measuring will reach Land leveling;
Broadcast registered seed 14-15 jin for every mu, kind should be selected early, medium variety, as force fortune round-grained rice 21 or rice series or even round-grained rice series or town rice 99 etc. slowly.Type of seeding can be taked artificial broadcast or machine sowing, as pour water in time, should take presoaking and germinating sowing, with day, soak night dew method and treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing finishes rear high standard and holds a set of ditch in field successfully, three meters of left and right of clean furrow face, artificial trench digging also can be ditched by machine, ditch depth 15cm left and right, depending on the smooth degree in ground, every 40-50m opens waist ditch one, ditch ditch to communicate, and guarantees that irrigation and drainage are unimpeded.Sowing and ditching finishes rear timely irrigation, and neat rear draining is in time filled with in full field, eliminates and closes down weeds in field, and 0.3 jin of butachlor of every mu of use is watered 60 jin of sprayings and closes down.Sow after 15 days, 3-4 leaf phases of paddy rice are prevented and kill off broad leaved weed, grassy weed again.Mu adds 35 grams of 50% dichloro quinolinic acids with 25% Bentazon 250ml and is watered 60 jin of even spraying.
Middle and later periods management:
(1) water starch management: take moistening irrigation as main early stage, fills with the water of once having a ride on a horse for every 7-10 days, take earth's surface not whitening be degree.Be conducive to coordinate the hot contradiction of liquid manure gas, short long root, short tillering.When total stem tiller seedling reaches while being predetermined to be 1.2-1.5 times of spike numbers, put field, put field standard depending on the growth of cereal crop seedlings, have the field of de-power jaundice gently to put or not put, as excessive in growing way Guo Wang colony should heavily putting, leaves over blade strong, and leaf look moves back light, earth's surface is covered with white, and micro-have a crackle, goes to the field not fall into pin and be as the criterion.Jointing-booting stage can be set up water layer.After Rice Heading, intermittent irrigation, dry wet, front water does not connect rear water, is conducive to support Gen Baoye and lives ripe in old.Gather in and stop pouring water for first 7-10 days.
(2) fertilizer application: the per mu yield of take super very heavy be standard.Using sufficient under base manure prerequisite, seedling stage, mu executed that 15-20 jin of urea are short tillers, booting stage is when between base portion first segment during fixed length, mu is executed 30-35 jin of urea and is made booting fertilizer, after Rice Heading, mu is executed 10 jin of left and right of urea and is made granulated fertilizer, and Grain Filling carries out spray leaf fertilizer, strive grain heavy, select 0.5 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or like that 100 grams of seedlings are watered 60 jin of sprayings for every mu.
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: Main Rice Diseases has rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, false smut, panicle blast etc.Insect Pests in Rice has rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borer, brown planthopper etc.Mu added 250 grams of dimehypos with bent gram 100 grams of pest lines and was watered 60 jin of spraying control rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borers seedling stage.Cut earing phase mu adds 100 grams of tricyclazoles with 500 grams of 5% jinggangmeisus and adds 50 grams of buprofezins and be watered 60 jin of sprayings and prevent and treat false smut, panicle blast, brown planthopper.Paddy rice general 4 left and right of prevention and elimination of disease and pests of wanting in all one's life.Ripe discontinuing medication for first 25-30 days, to alleviate paddy residue of pesticide.
Rice direct-seeding light cultivation method of the present invention (Direct-seeding Rice) is compared with current rice cultivating method (transplanting rice):
To plant one mu of paddy rice, compare
Illustrate:
1, every mu of input fertilizer cost excludes calculating.
2, rice seedling bed is 1:8 with land for growing field crops ratio.
3, paddy rice price is with 1.4 yuan of/jin of calculating of local paddy rice procurement price.
4, rice transplanting output and live output are as the criterion with nearly 3 years factual survey statistical datas.
Claims (2)
1. a rice direct-seeding light cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: sheet is suitable in the Yellow River and Huai He River south select in ripe middle round-grained rice type rice varieties, 145-150 days time of infertility;
(2) sowing date for early sowing: the Yellow River and Huai He River south sheet wheat, rape summer crops allow after stubble and plough in time sowing, and sowing time is at early and middle ten days in June;
(3) the suitable amount of broadcasting: on June-10 on the 5th, every mu with 9-10 jin of registered seeds ,-15 days on the 10th June, 11-12 jin every mu ,-20 days on the 15th June, 14-15 jin every mu;
(4) type of seeding: type of seeding adopts direct-sowing dry method and water direct seeding method, it is main adopting direct-sowing dry method, as met continuous rainy weather after wheat harvest, adopts water direct seeding method;
Described direct-sowing dry method step comprises:
1) wheat, rape results allow a rotary tillage in time after stubble, in conjunction with whole land, execute 50-60 jin of three element compound fertilizers, and wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium respectively account for 15%, make rice basal fertilizer, and whole geological measuring will reach Land leveling, upper without clod, and lower nothing is secretly turned up soil;
2) broadcast 10-15 jin of registered seeds for every mu, in ripe middle round-grained rice type rice varieties should select early, medium variety;
3) artificial drilling or machine sowing are taked in type of seeding, as pour water in time, should take presoaking and germinating sowing, with day, soak night dew method and treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing finishes rear high standard and holds a set of ditch in field successfully, three meters of left and right of clean furrow face, manually trench digging or machine are ditched, ditch depth 15cm left and right, depending on the smooth degree in ground, every 40-50m opens waist ditch one, ditch ditch to communicate, and guarantees that irrigation and drainage are unimpeded;
4) sowing and ditching finishes rear timely irrigation, and neat rear draining is in time filled with in full field;
Described water direct seeding method step comprises:
1) after wheat, rape results, in case of overcast and rainy continuously, for do not rob farming season and strive early sowing season by mistake, take water direct seeding method, wheat, rape results allow a rotary tillage in time after stubble, in conjunction with whole land, execute 50-60 jin of three element compound fertilizers, and wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium respectively account for 15%, make rice basal fertilizer, whole geological measuring will reach Land leveling;
2) broadcast 10-15 jin of registered seeds for every mu, kind should be selected early, medium variety;
3) artificial broadcast or machine sowing are taked in type of seeding, as pour water in time, should take presoaking and germinating sowing, with day, soak night dew method and treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing finishes rear high standard and holds a set of ditch in field successfully, three meters of left and right of clean furrow face, manually trench digging or machine are ditched, ditch depth 15cm left and right, depending on the smooth degree in ground, every 40-50m opens waist ditch one, ditch ditch to communicate, and guarantees that irrigation and drainage are unimpeded;
4) sowing and ditching finishes rear timely irrigation, and neat rear draining is in time filled with in full field;
(5) chemical weed control: sowing finishes rear timely trench digging pours water, full field drains rapidly after pouring water and finishing, and 0.3 jin of butachlor of every mu of use is watered 60 jin of sprayings and closes down; Sow after 15 days, 3-4 leaf phases of paddy rice are prevented and kill off broad leaved weed, grassy weed again, and mu adds 35 grams of 50% dichloro quinolinic acids with 25% Bentazon 250ml and is watered 60 jin of even spraying;
(6) middle and later periods management:
1) water starch management: take moistening irrigation as main early stage, fills with the water of once having a ride on a horse for every 7-10 days, take earth's surface not whitening be degree, be conducive to coordinate the hot contradiction of liquid manure gas, short long root, urgees to tiller; When reaching, total stem tiller seedling puts field while being predetermined to be 1.2-1.5 times of spike numbers, put field standard depending on the growth of cereal crop seedlings, there is the field of de-power jaundice gently to put or not put, as excessive in growing way Guo Wang colony should heavily putting, leaves over blade strong, and leaf look moves back light, earth's surface is covered with white, micro-have a crackle, goes to the field not fall into pin and be as the criterion, and jointing-booting stage is set up water layer; After Rice Heading, intermittent irrigation, dry wet, front water does not connect rear water, is conducive to support Gen Baoye alive ripe in old, gathers in and stops pouring water for first 7-10 days;
2) fertilizer application: the per mu yield of take super very heavy be standard, using sufficient under base manure prerequisite, seedling stage, mu executed that 15-20 jin of urea are short tillers, mu was executed 30-35 jin of urea and was made booting fertilizer, after Rice Heading when between base portion first segment during fixed length booting stage, mu is executed 10 jin of left and right of urea and is made granulated fertilizer, Grain Filling carries out spray leaf fertilizer, strives grain heavy, selects 0.5 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or likes that 100 grams of seedlings are watered 60 jin of sprayings for every mu;
3) extermination of disease and insect pest: Main Rice Diseases has rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, false smut, panicle blast, Insect Pests in Rice has rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borer, brown planthopper, and mu added 250 grams of dimehypos with bent gram 100 grams of pest lines and was watered 60 jin of spraying control rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, rice leafhopper, leaf-roller, paddy stem borers seedling stage; Cut earing phase mu adds 100 grams of tricyclazoles with 500 grams of 5% jinggangmeisus and adds 50 grams of buprofezins and be watered 60 jin of sprayings and prevent and treat false smut, panicle blast, brown planthopper, paddy rice is wanted 4 left and right of prevention and elimination of disease and pests throughout one's life, ripe discontinuing medication for first 25-30 days, to alleviate paddy residue of pesticide.
2. rice direct-seeding light cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described morning, medium variety should be selected military fortune round-grained rice 21 or Xu rice series or connect round-grained rice series or town rice 99.
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| CN103828665B (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2016-02-24 | 和县金城米业有限责任公司 | The implantation methods of selenium-rich rice |
| CN103947490A (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2014-07-30 | 黄宝林 | Paddy field weeding method implemented along with seeding |
| CN103947496A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-07-30 | 湖北亿金农业科技开发有限公司 | Direct sowing cultivation technique for rice |
| CN105145213A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-12-16 | 巢湖市农业技术推广中心 | One-season mid-indica hybridrice seedling method |
| CN107231986A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-10-10 | 杨圣权 | A kind of cultural method of ecological organic paddy rice |
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