CN103026970A - Novel method for transplanting winter wheat young embryo one-step seedlings big summer fields for fast growing - Google Patents
Novel method for transplanting winter wheat young embryo one-step seedlings big summer fields for fast growing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103026970A CN103026970A CN2013100147444A CN201310014744A CN103026970A CN 103026970 A CN103026970 A CN 103026970A CN 2013100147444 A CN2013100147444 A CN 2013100147444A CN 201310014744 A CN201310014744 A CN 201310014744A CN 103026970 A CN103026970 A CN 103026970A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel method for transplanting winter wheat young embryo one-step seedlings big summer fields for fast growing. According to the method, a young embryo one-step seedling formation technology, a technology for transplanting embryo seedling in the big summer fields for growth and so on are adopted, winter wheat can grow fast in the big summer fields by utilizing natural sunlight. The method comprises the following steps: inoculating 14-16 d young embryos in an MB culture medium, wherein the emergence rate and embryo seedling transplanting survival rate are higher; placing the embryo seedlings in an illumination culture box at 0-6 DEG C for an appropriate time of 20-25 d; transplanting the embryo seedlings to backs of big field furrows in middle June, so that flowering periods are kept away from summer periods, wherein the embryo seedling survival rate and the maturing rate are increased by using embryo seedling transplanting management measures; and scientific research input is reduced because the seedlings fast grow by using natural sunlight.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of winter wheat rataria one step transplantation of seedlings new method that educate soon in the land for growing field crops summer, belong to the crop breeding field.
Background technology
The wheat breeding expert accelerates the wheat breeding process for shortening the wheat breeding cycle both at home and abroad, is carrying out unremitting exploration.Wang Hengli (1987), Guo Wenxiu (1993), Mi Guohua etc. (1998) such as (1998), Yao Jinbao utilize latitude or height above sea level that the special geological surrounding of larger difference, the weather conditions of different regions are arranged, plantation wheat mature seed carries out wheat and adds for breeding.Wang Zhiweis etc. (1999) are selected the stronger wheat of spring habit, have realized the wheat Rapid development.Ding Xiaoyi etc. (2005) adopt the rataria Techniques of in Vitro Culture, and the wheat immature embryo transplantation of seedlings is added generation in the greenhouse.
The deficiency that above method exists, the one, utilize the wheat mature seed to add generation, need the sowing mature seed, this compares with utilizing the rataria forming seedling through one step culture, and is longer to the time of rataria maturation from pollination; The 2nd, the embryo transplantation of seedlings to be grown in the greenhouse, need to lower the temperature summer to greenhouse ventilation, and scientific research cost is larger; The 2nd, select the stronger wheat of spring habit, be unfavorable for applying.
Summary of the invention
In order to shorten the winter wheat breeding cycle, take full advantage of the low scientific research cost of natural daylight temperature drop, be easy to apply, the invention provides a kind of winter wheat rataria one step transplantation of seedlings new method that educate soon in the land for growing field crops summer, the method is utilized the rataria forming seedling through one step culture, the technology such as the vernalization of embryo seedling and embryo seedling field-transplanting in summer, winter wheat rataria one is gone on foot transplantation of seedlings in the land for growing field crops in summer, utilize summer natural daylight temperature to grow fully, the MB medium of assembly of the present invention (composition: the rataria of the inoculation of MS macroelement+B5 trace element+30g sucrose/L+8g agar/L+0.5g caseinhydrolysate/L) winter wheat 14-16d, one step emergence rate is average 95.67%, embryo seedling transplanting survival rate in summer average 90.39%; It is 20-25d that the embryo seedling places 0-6 ℃ of illumination box vernalization suitable time; In the wheat harvest land for growing field crops, not only utilized the embryo transplantation of seedlings change of crops phase of wheatland in good time, and made the pollination period of blooming avoid the large summer time of maximum temperature annual mid-June in summer, improved self-fruitful rate; The embryo transplantation of seedlings is in the ditch back, cover embryo shoot root section with a small amount of vermiculite first, bury root with field soil again, then shading with shading screen reaches about embryo transplantation of seedlings 10d about 1 week, impose urea 10kg/ mu and promote the embryo transplantation of seedlings control measures such as plant strain growth, improved embryo transplantation of seedlings survival rate and self-fruitful rate.
The winter wheat rataria one step transplantation of seedlings new method that educate soon in the land for growing field crops summer, concrete steps are as follows:
1. parent winter wheat material plantation: then early October, the Winter Wheat Parents material is planted in the land for growing field crops;
2. obtain contemporary hybrid F
1Rataria: Second Year the first tenday period of a month in May adopt conventional sexual hybridization method, obtain contemporary hybrid F
1Rataria;
3. rataria one is walked out of seedling: Second Year mid-May, get winter wheat hybrid F in the present age
1The 14-16d rataria is put into the 75% ethanol 8min that sterilizes, and aseptic water washing 3 times is extruded rataria, and scultellum is downward, is inoculated in the MB medium, places 24-26 ℃ of illumination box to cultivate and bears radical bud.Described MB medium component: MS macroelement+B5 trace element+30g sucrose/L+8g agar/L+0.5g caseinhydrolysate/L;
4. embryo seedling vernalization: the F that will grow radical bud
1The embryo seedling is in time transferred to 0-6 ℃ of illumination box, carries out vernalization and cultivates 20-25d.
5. embryo transplantation of seedlings: the F that will finish vernalization
1Transplant in field ditch back behind the embryo seedling hardening 3d, utilize first a small amount of vermiculite to cover embryo shoot root section, bury root with field soil again.
6. embryo seedling field management: shade about 1 week with shading screen after the embryo transplantation of seedlings, about embryo transplantation of seedlings 10d, impose urea 10kg/ mu and promote plant strain growth.Embryo transplantation of seedlings 35-40d gets final product self-fertility.The birdseed rataria is strictly on guard against in good time fertilizing, watering, stroke hoe, uprooting weed, diseases prevention insect protected during this time.
The invention meaning
The present invention passes through great many of experiments, clear and definite first winter wheat 14-16d rataria being inoculated in obtains a step embryo seedling on the MB medium, and the temperature and time of the vernalization of embryo seedling, hardening, transplants in field ditch back again, the employing processing of sheltering from heat or light has realized the purpose that summer, educated soon in the land for growing field crops; (composition of MB medium: the rataria of the inoculation of MS macroelement+B5 trace element+30g sucrose/L+8g agar/L+0.5g caseinhydrolysate/L) winter wheat 14-16d has obtained higher embryo seedling rate (95.67%) and embryo seedling transplanting survival rate in summer (90.39%) to the MB medium of assembly of the present invention; It is 20-25d that the embryo seedling places the suitable time of 0-6 ℃ of illumination box vernalization; Educate the embryo transplantation of seedlings soon in the wheat harvest land for growing field crops annual mid-June in summer, makes the pollination period of blooming avoid the large summer time of maximum temperature, improved self-fruitful rate; With the embryo transplantation of seedlings in the ditch back, transplanting the embryo seedling summer utilizes first a small amount of vermiculite to cover embryo shoot root section, bury root with field soil again, then shading with shading screen reaches transplanting and management measures such as imposing urea 10kg/ mu promotion plant strain growth about embryo transplantation of seedlings 10d about 1 week, improved embryo transplantation of seedlings survival rate and self-fruitful rate; The embryo transplantation of seedlings utilizes the change of crops phase of wheatland in land for growing field crops growth in summer in good time, has improved land utilization rate, and has been to utilize nature Wen Guang to grow fully, has reduced the scientific research input.The present invention is simple, and scientific research less investment efficient is high, is beneficial to and applies, explore the transplantation of seedlings of winter wheat rataria in summer the land for growing field crops utilize the new method of natural daylight Wen Kuaiyu fully.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the excellent 361F of Jimai 20 * cigarette
1The 14d rataria is inoculated in the MB medium;
Fig. 2. safe farming 18 * Zhongyou9507 F
1The 14d rataria is inoculated in the embryo seedling before the MB medium is transplanted;
Fig. 3. the excellent 361F of Jimai 20 * cigarette
1The 14d rataria is inoculated in the embryo seedling of MB medium transplant survival;
Fig. 4. summer, the field added safe farming 18 * Zhongyou9507 F in generation
1Individual plant;
Embodiment
For verify winter wheat rataria one step transplantation of seedlings in summer the land for growing field crops educate soon the reliability of new method, summer the land for growing field crops carried out adding for 3 times the generation test.Specific embodiments of the present invention is as follows
The step transplantation of seedlings of embodiment 1 First Year winter wheat rataria one in summer the land for growing field crops educate soon test
1. parent material plantation
On October 6th, 2008, winter wheat Jimai 20 and excellent 361 mature seeds of cigarette are seeded in respectively Shandong Agricultural University experimental teaching of agronomy field.
2. obtain contemporary hybrid F
1Rataria
Adopt conventional sexual hybridization method, after Jimai 20 whole fringes are castrated 3-5d, on May 1st, 2009, get the excellent 361 fully-developed pollen of cigarette and spread upon on maternal mountain farming 15 column caps, obtain contemporary hybrid F
1Rataria, the i.e. excellent 361 → F of Jimai 20 * cigarette
1Rataria, and will hybridize fringe list indicate the pollination date.
3. rataria forming seedling through one step culture: on May 15th, 2009, get above-mentioned contemporary hybrid F
1The rataria of 14d, 75% ethanol disinfection 8min, aseptic water washing 3 times, extrude rataria, scultellum is downward, (composition: MS macroelement+B5 trace element+30g sucrose/L+8g agar/L+0.5g caseinhydrolysate/L), place 24-26 ℃ of illumination box to cultivate, rataria is cultivated 60-72h and is grown radical bud to be inoculated in the MB medium.
4. embryo seedling vernalization: will grow the embryo seedling of radical bud on May 18th, 2009, in time change 0-6 ℃ of illumination box over to, carry out vernalization and cultivate 25d.
5. site preparation and fertilization: at land for growing field crops fertilising (histosol miscellaneous fertilizers 100m
3/ mu, N, P, K composite fertilizer 20Kg/ mu), whole ground moisture creating, physical features slightly have certain gradient, are beneficial to draining.
6. hardening: on June 12nd, 2009 added running water to the water surface in the blake bottle and exceed medium 0.5-1cm and get final product, the 24-26 ℃ of indoor hardening 2d of group training, group is trained outdoor hardening 1d.
7. embryo transplantation of seedlings: afternoon on June 15th, 2009, at dusk it was an amount of to water at north and south, land for growing field crops trench digging, with the embryo transplantation of seedlings in the ditch back, utilize first a small amount of vermiculite to cover embryo shoot root section, bury root with soil again, make root soil ventilative good, be beneficial to root breath, improve the embryo shoot survival percent.
8. embryo seedling field management: need after the embryo transplantation of seedlings to shade about 1 week with shading screen.About embryo transplantation of seedlings 10d, impose urea 10kg/ mu and promote plant strain growth, reduce personated old man's seedling.In good time fertilizing, watering, stroke hoe, uprooting weed, diseases prevention insect protected therebetween.
9. bloom the pollination date: on July 24th, 2009 (embryo transplantation of seedlings 39d), F
1The plant blossom selfing produces F
2Rataria is strictly on guard against the birdseed rataria.
The step transplantation of seedlings of embodiment 2 Second Year winter wheat ratarias one in summer the land for growing field crops educate soon test
1. parent material plantation
On October 7th, 2009, the safe farming 18 of winter wheat and Zhongyou9507 are seeded in respectively Shandong Agricultural University experimental teaching of agronomy field.
2. obtain contemporary hybrid F
1Rataria
On May 2nd, 2010, adopt conventional sexual hybridization method, obtain safe farming 18 * Zhongyou9507 → F
1Contemporary hybrid rataria,
Thereafter from F
1To add the generation test identical in the land for growing field crops summer for the one step transplantation of seedlings of First Year winter wheat rataria among rataria inoculation, the vernalization of embryo seedling, site preparation and fertilization, hardening, embryo transplantation of seedlings, the field management of embryo seedling etc. and the embodiment 1, be 16d rataria embryo age of inoculation that different is, the vernalization time is 20d.
The one step transplantation of seedlings of the 3rd year winter wheat rataria of embodiment 3 in summer the land for growing field crops educate soon test
1, on October 5th, 2010, winter wheat Jimai 20 and agricultural university are seeded in respectively Shandong Agricultural University experimental teaching of agronomy field excellent all No. 5.
2. obtain contemporary hybrid F
1Rataria
On May 5th, 2011, adopt conventional sexual hybridization method, obtain the Jimai excellent all No. 5 → F of 20 * agricultural university
1Contemporary hybrid rataria,
Thereafter from F
1To add the generation test identical in the land for growing field crops summer to be seeded to the one step transplantation of seedlings of transplanting method and the first two years winter wheat rataria, and different is inoculation 14d rataria, vernalization 20d.
Of the present invention focus on first winter wheat 14-16d rataria being inoculated on the MB medium obtains a step embryo seedling, again with step embryo transplantation of seedlings in the land for growing field crops in summer, realized the purpose that summer, educated soon in the land for growing field crops; According to above embodiment, select winter wheat 14-16d rataria to be inoculated in the MB medium, higher embryo seedling rate (average 95.67%) and embryo transplantation of seedlings survival rate (average 90.39%) have been obtained, it is 20-25d that the embryo seedling changes 0-6 ℃ of illumination box vernalization suitable time over to, educate the transplantation of seedlings of winter wheat embryo soon in the wheat harvest land for growing field crops annual mid-June in summer, make the pollination period of blooming avoid the large summer time of maximum temperature, improved self-fruitful rate; With the embryo transplantation of seedlings in the ditch back, when transplanting the embryo seedling summer, utilize first a small amount of vermiculite to cover embryo shoot root section, bury root with field soil again, then shading with shading screen reaches about embryo transplantation of seedlings 10d about 1 week, impose urea 10kg/ mu and promote the transplanting and management measures such as plant strain growth, improved the embryo transplantation of seedlings to survive and self-fruitful rate; Utilize the change of crops phase of wheatland in good time, improved land utilization rate, and be to utilize nature Wen Guang fully, reduced the scientific research input.3 times the test all successfully realized winter wheat summer the land for growing field crops utilize the target of natural daylight temperature Rapid development fully.
Claims (1)
1. the winter wheat rataria one step transplantation of seedlings new method that educate soon in the land for growing field crops summer is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1.1 parent winter wheat material plantation: then early October, the Winter Wheat Parents material is planted in the land for growing field crops;
1.2 obtain contemporary hybrid F
1Rataria: Second Year the first tenday period of a month in May adopt conventional sexual hybridization method, obtain contemporary hybrid F
1Rataria;
1.3 rataria forming seedling through one step culture: Second Year mid-May, get winter wheat hybrid F in the present age
1The 14-16d rataria, 75% ethanol disinfection 8min, aseptic water washing 3 times is extruded rataria, and scultellum is downward, is inoculated in the MB medium, places 24-26 ℃ of illumination box to cultivate and bears radical bud; Described MB medium component: MS macroelement+B5 trace element+30g sucrose/L+8g agar/L+0.5g caseinhydrolysate/L;
1.4 embryo seedling vernalization: will grow the embryo seedling of radical bud, and in time transfer to 0-6 ℃ of illumination box, and carry out vernalization and cultivate 20-25d;
1.5 embryo transplantation of seedlings: the F that will finish vernalization
1Transplant in field ditch back behind the embryo seedling hardening 3d, utilize first a small amount of vermiculite to cover embryo shoot root section, bury root with field soil again.
1.6 embryo seedling field management: shaded for 1 week with shading screen after the embryo transplantation of seedlings, impose urea 10kg/ mu and promote plant strain growth; Embryo transplantation of seedlings 35-40d gets final product self-fertility.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108094205A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-01 | 甘肃农业大学 | Deteriorate triticale seed embryo rescue method |
| CN111631130A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-08 | 石河子大学 | Method for accelerating strong winter wheat hybridization breeding process by embryo culture technology for 4 generations in 1 year |
| CN112400691A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-26 | 甘肃省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Culture medium suitable for crop immature embryo culture and application of culture medium in rapid breeding of immature embryo one-step seedling |
| CN115530070A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2022-12-30 | 广东省小麦科技研究院 | Breeding method of new wheat variety |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108094205A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-01 | 甘肃农业大学 | Deteriorate triticale seed embryo rescue method |
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| CN111631130A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-08 | 石河子大学 | Method for accelerating strong winter wheat hybridization breeding process by embryo culture technology for 4 generations in 1 year |
| CN112400691A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-26 | 甘肃省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Culture medium suitable for crop immature embryo culture and application of culture medium in rapid breeding of immature embryo one-step seedling |
| CN112400691B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2023-03-24 | 甘肃省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Culture medium suitable for crop immature embryo culture and application of culture medium in rapid breeding of immature embryo one-step seedling |
| CN115530070A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2022-12-30 | 广东省小麦科技研究院 | Breeding method of new wheat variety |
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