CN105660120B - Crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed - Google Patents

Crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105660120B
CN105660120B CN201610034096.2A CN201610034096A CN105660120B CN 105660120 B CN105660120 B CN 105660120B CN 201610034096 A CN201610034096 A CN 201610034096A CN 105660120 B CN105660120 B CN 105660120B
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melon
hami
crops
planting
mulch
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CN105660120A (en
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张以和
冯胜利
竞中梅
吴海波
杨军
肖欢
张娟
王岩平
刘芳
罗建华
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Turpan City Agricultural Technology Promotion Center
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Turpan City Agricultural Technology Promotion Center
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical fields, are a kind of crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural methods processed；It carries out in the steps below：Fertilising and site preparation；It is laid with dropper and covers mulch；It is colonized and builds Small plastic shed；Temperature control after field planting；Harvesting；It ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun；Prepare before autumn sowing；Autumn sowing；Harvesting.The present invention utilizes batch production graft seedling growth technology and two film soverlay techniques, by optimum harvest, plough deeply be exposed to the sun, in due course autumn planting, line feed field planting, Scientific irrigation and green prevention and control technology, make full use of the sunlight-heat reaources of Turpan Basin, the field production time is shortened, the sufficient production time is provided for the production of autumn "Hami" melon and ensure that quality；The present invention compensates for the few and poor quality present situation of traditional cultivation method summer "Hami" melon listing season in late fall "Hami" melon, the "Hami" melon yield that the present invention is obtained compared with traditional cultivation method simultaneously improves 1.5 tons to 2.0 tons per acre, soil multiple crop index is improved, the income of peasant household is considerably increased.

Description

Crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical fields, are a kind of crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural methods processed.
Background technology
Turpan Basin belongs to typical continental warm temperate zone arid desert weather, and sunlight-heat reaources are abundant, and frost-free period is long, round the clock The temperature difference is big, and spring heating is rapid；Summer high temperature is extremely hot；Autumn day and night temperature is big, and sunshine is sufficient, the growth of optimum "Hami" melon.It spits Shandong kind plantation "Hami" melon is with a long history, and plantation "Hami" melon area is larger, is a kind of important high-efficiency and economic crop, in Turfan kind It plants industry structure and is played an important role in promoting farmer richness to increase income.Using at the beginning of traditional planting technology "Hami" melon at the end of June 7 months Large area is ripe, delays the planted in fall time, autumn stubble melon maturity is inadequate or immature, causes "Hami" melon quality decline；Or After spring stubble melon picking, plants other crops or idle benefit is low, cause increasing peasant income difficult.
Invention content
Yield two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed the present invention provides a kind of crop field "Hami" melon, overcome the above-mentioned prior art it Deficiency can be solved effectively to delay the "Hami" melon planted in fall time using traditional "Hami" melon cultivation technique, cause "Hami" melon product Matter declines；Or other crops or idle are planted, lead to the problem of increasing peasant income difficulty.
The technical scheme is that realized by following measures：A kind of multiple cropping processed of crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year is planted Culture method carries out in the steps below：
The first step, simultaneously site preparation of applying fertilizer, extremely by planting site decomposed manure 2000kg to 3000kg, composite fertilizer 40kg per acre 50kg is counted, and is sprinkled evenly in planting site and is applied decomposed manure and composite fertilizer, ploughed deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten；
Second step is laid with dropper and covers mulch, dropper is laid on the planting site after leveling, in the dropper overlying of laying Lid mulch；
Third walks, and is colonized and builds Small plastic shed, March, "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings was colonized on mulch by early and middle ten days, then right Small plastic shed is built on the mulch answered；
4th step, the temperature control after field planting, Hami melon seedling be colonized 3 days after in Small plastic shed temperature reach 35 DEG C or more and start Leak informaton, temperature control is at 18 DEG C to 20 DEG C in 20 DEG C to 30 DEG C, night Small plastic shed for temperature control in daytime Small plastic shed, April 10 Small plastic shed was removed to 20 days, removes field normal management after being sowed in spring after Small plastic shed；
5th step, harvesting, when "Hami" melon center, soluble solid reaches 14% or more, is harvested, picking time is not later than On June 20 to 25；
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, the residuum of cleaning "Hami" melon crop and recycling mulch after "Hami" melon harvesting, then will plantation 35cm to 40cm is ploughed deeply on ground, is suned the earth which has been ploughed up after ploughing deeply 10 days to 15 days；
7th step prepares before autumn sowing, by planting site biological organic fertilizer 100kg to 120kg, composite fertilizer 20kg to 30kg per acre Meter sprinkles evenly in planting site and applies biological organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, ploughs deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten, the kind after leveling It plants and is laid with dropper on the ground, mulch is covered on the dropper of laying；
8th step, autumn sowing, July 10 were broadcast live to 20 days on mulch, per 1 to 2, the cave "Hami" melon seed sterilized, Line feed field planting is carried out in autumn sowing, and autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring are staggered, and then carry out field normal management after autumn sowing；
9th step, harvesting, "Hami" melon center soluble solid reach 14% or more, are harvested.
Here is the further optimization and/or improvements to foregoing invention technical solution：
Above-mentioned Hami melon seedling obtains as follows：In intelligent seedling cultivation greenhouse concentration plug media nursery, using double Root pruning and grafting technology and tip cutting connect graft technology, and graft stock uses the glad anvil in pumpkin variety capital two, wait for that melon seedling is grown to 2 leaves to 3 When 1 heart of leaf, start hardening 5 days to 7 days, Hami melon seedling is obtained after hardening.
Field normal management carries out as follows after above-mentioned spring sowing：Climing phase and fruit expanding period are stretched respectively by planting per acre Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg to 3kg, punching fertilising 5kg to 8kg are applied in ground, and using double climing trainings, 4, to pinching when 5 true leaves, are selected and remain base Portion's stalwartness lateral bine stays melon, growth period to keep down the vines of a creeping plant 1 time to 2 times in the section of lateral bine 6 to 7 sections, and upper reticulate pattern starts to turn over melon 2 times to 3 times, uses Weeds or toilet paper lid melon, with native by covering with ground sheeting at the beginning of 5 months.
Field normal management carries out as follows after above-mentioned autumn sowing：Every morning or dusk drip 2 hours to 3 after emergence Hour, 3 leaves to 4 leaf phases are restrained the growth of seedlings 8 days to 10 days, and the early flowering season starts to drip, and early flowering season and fruit expanding period were dripped every 3 days to 5 days Water is primary, and drip 4h to 6h every time, and the reticulate pattern formation phase dripped once every 5 days to 7 days, and drip 2h to 3h every time, harvested first 7 days It did not dripped to 10 days；Fruit expanding period imposes composite fertilizer 3 times to 4 times, imposes composite fertilizer 5kg to 6kg by planting site per acre every time, The reticulate pattern formation phase imposes potassium sulfate 8kg to 10kg by planting site per acre；Using single climing training, 5 to 6 true leaves when erase base portion Lateral bud, the above son of 6 sections to 8 sections is climing to stay 2 leaf pinching, climing to before Fruit taking out, selection fine day every 30cm to 50cm into Row is kept down the vines of a creeping plant, and 8 sections to 10 sections stay melon, and young melon, which is grown to egg size, carries out that melon, online initial stage is selected to start to pad melon, set melon, and expanding stage turns over Melon 2 times to 3 times；The yellow plate of suspension prevents Bemisia tabaci, and viral A and ZhiBingLing(SIC) prevent virus diseases.
It is above-mentioned in the third step, drip 30m by planting site per acre before "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting3To 60m3, first drip 1 day To 2 days, after dripping by "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch, often two row Hami melon seedling of transplant planting, spacing in the rows were on row mulch 40cm to 50cm；The width of Small plastic shed is 2m to 2.5m, and the height of Small plastic shed is 50cm to 80cm.
In above-mentioned 8th step autumn sowing, the "Hami" melon seed sterilized obtains as follows：By "Hami" melon seed with 200 times Formalin solution or 10% trisodium phosphate solution are soaked seed 1 hour to 2 hours, are rinsed 2 times to 3 times with clear water after seed soaking, after rinsing The "Hami" melon seed being sterilized.
In above-mentioned 8th step autumn sowing, drip 80m by planting site per acre within 3 days before autumn sowing3To 120m3, it is filled with enough pre-sowing water；Sowing When sow two rows on every row mulch, depth of planting is 2cm to 3cm, and after planting earthing 1cm to 2cm obturages pocket, then exists Earthing on mulch, spacing in the rows are 40cm to 50cm.
The width of above-mentioned mulch is 90cm to 120cm；Hami melon seedling and the "Hami" melon seed that sterilized are under corresponding mulch Drip irrigation zone distance be 20cm to 25cm；When "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, small line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, big row Away from for 280cm to 300cm.
Above-mentioned "Hami" melon kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
2cm is stayed to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums when the harvesting of above-mentioned "Hami" melon.
The present invention utilizes batch production graft seedling growth technology and two film soverlay techniques, by optimum harvest, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, in due course Autumn planting, line feed field planting, Scientific irrigation and green prevention and control technology, make full use of the sunlight-heat reaources of Turpan Basin, creation to be conducive to "Hami" melon growth and development avoids the environmental condition that pest and disease damage occurs, and shortens the field production time, is carried for the production of autumn "Hami" melon It has supplied the sufficient production time and ensure that quality；The present invention compensates for traditional cultivation method summer "Hami" melon listing season in late fall Hami The few and poor quality present situation of melon, while the "Hami" melon yield that the present invention is obtained compared with traditional cultivation method improves 1.5 tons per acre To 2.0 tons, soil multiple crop index is improved, considerably increases the income of peasant household.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is not limited by following embodiments, can be determined according to the technique and scheme of the present invention with actual conditions specific Embodiment.
Embodiment 1, crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carries out in the steps below：
The first step, simultaneously site preparation of applying fertilizer, extremely by planting site decomposed manure 2000kg to 3000kg, composite fertilizer 40kg per acre 50kg is counted, and is sprinkled evenly in planting site and is applied decomposed manure and composite fertilizer, ploughed deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten；
Second step is laid with dropper and covers mulch, dropper is laid on the planting site after leveling, in the dropper overlying of laying Lid mulch；
Third walks, and is colonized and builds Small plastic shed, March, "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings was colonized on mulch by early and middle ten days, then right Small plastic shed is built on the mulch answered；
4th step, the temperature control after field planting, Hami melon seedling be colonized 3 days after in Small plastic shed temperature reach 35 DEG C or more and start Leak informaton, temperature control is at 18 DEG C to 20 DEG C in 20 DEG C to 30 DEG C, night Small plastic shed for temperature control in daytime Small plastic shed, April 10 Small plastic shed was removed to 20 days, removes field normal management after being sowed in spring after Small plastic shed；
5th step, harvesting, when "Hami" melon center, soluble solid reaches 14% or more, is harvested, picking time is not later than On June 20 to 25；
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, the residuum of cleaning "Hami" melon crop and recycling mulch after "Hami" melon harvesting, then will plantation 35cm to 40cm is ploughed deeply on ground, is suned the earth which has been ploughed up after ploughing deeply 10 days to 15 days；
7th step prepares before autumn sowing, by planting site biological organic fertilizer 100kg to 120kg, composite fertilizer 20kg to 30kg per acre Meter sprinkles evenly in planting site and applies biological organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, ploughs deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten, the kind after leveling It plants and is laid with dropper on the ground, mulch is covered on the dropper of laying；
8th step, autumn sowing, July 10 were broadcast live to 20 days on mulch, per 1 to 2, the cave "Hami" melon seed sterilized, Line feed field planting is carried out in autumn sowing, and autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring are staggered, and then carry out field normal management after autumn sowing；
9th step, harvesting, "Hami" melon center soluble solid reach 14% or more, are harvested.6th step, which is ploughed deeply, is exposed to the sun Convenient for reducing pathogen.In 8th step, line feed field planting is carried out in autumn sowing, and autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring are staggered, convenient for pre- Anti- soil-borne disease.
Embodiment 2, crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carries out in the steps below：
The first step, applies fertilizer and site preparation, by planting site decomposed manure 2000kg or 3000kg, composite fertilizer 40kg per acre or 50kg is counted, and is sprinkled evenly in planting site and is applied decomposed manure and composite fertilizer, ploughed deeply 30cm or 40cm, then flatten；
Second step is laid with dropper and covers mulch, dropper is laid on the planting site after leveling, in the dropper overlying of laying Lid mulch；
Third walks, and is colonized and builds Small plastic shed, March, "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings was colonized on mulch by early and middle ten days, then right Small plastic shed is built on the mulch answered；
4th step, the temperature control after field planting, Hami melon seedling be colonized 3 days after in Small plastic shed temperature reach 35 DEG C or more and start Leak informaton, temperature control is at 18 DEG C or 20 DEG C in 20 DEG C or 30 DEG C, night Small plastic shed for temperature control in daytime Small plastic shed, April 10 Or Small plastic shed was removed in 20th, remove field normal management after being sowed in spring after Small plastic shed；
5th step, harvesting, when "Hami" melon center, soluble solid reaches 14% or more, is harvested, picking time is not later than June 20 or 25 days；
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, the residuum of cleaning "Hami" melon crop and recycling mulch after "Hami" melon harvesting, then will plantation 35cm or 40cm is ploughed deeply on ground, is suned the earth which has been ploughed up after ploughing deeply 10 days or 15 days；
7th step prepares before autumn sowing, by planting site biological organic fertilizer 100kg or 120kg, composite fertilizer 20kg or 30kg per acre Meter sprinkles evenly in planting site and applies biological organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, ploughs deeply 30cm or 40cm, then flatten, the kind after leveling It plants and is laid with dropper on the ground, mulch is covered on the dropper of laying；
8th step, autumn sowing, July 10 or 20 days are broadcast live on mulch, per 1 or 2, the cave "Hami" melon seed sterilized, Line feed field planting is carried out in autumn sowing, and autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring are staggered, and then carry out field normal management after autumn sowing；
9th step, harvesting, "Hami" melon center soluble solid reach 14% or more, are harvested.
Embodiment 3, crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carries out in the steps below：
The first step, simultaneously site preparation of applying fertilizer, based on planting site decomposed manure 2200kg per acre, composite fertilizer 43kg, in planting site In sprinkle evenly and apply decomposed manure and composite fertilizer, plough deeply 32cm, then flatten；
Second step is laid with dropper and covers mulch, dropper is laid on the planting site after leveling, in the dropper overlying of laying Lid mulch；
Third walks, and is colonized and builds Small plastic shed, March, "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings was colonized on mulch by early and middle ten days, then right Small plastic shed is built on the mulch answered；
4th step, the temperature control after field planting, Hami melon seedling be colonized 3 days after in Small plastic shed temperature reach 35 DEG C or more and start Leaking informaton, at 20 DEG C, April 13 removed Small plastic shed for temperature control in 23 DEG C, night Small plastic shed for temperature control in daytime Small plastic shed, Remove field normal management after being sowed in spring after Small plastic shed；
5th step, harvesting, when "Hami" melon center, soluble solid reaches 14% or more, is harvested, picking time is not later than On June 20 to 25；
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, the residuum of cleaning "Hami" melon crop and recycling mulch after "Hami" melon harvesting, then will plantation 35cm is ploughed deeply on ground, is suned the earth which has been ploughed up after ploughing deeply 11 days；
7th step prepares before autumn sowing, based on planting site biological organic fertilizer 105kg per acre, composite fertilizer 25kg, in planting site It sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm, then flatten, dropper is laid on the planting site after leveling, spreading If dropper on cover mulch；
8th step, autumn sowing, July 10 are broadcast live on mulch, the "Hami" melon seed sterilized per 1, cave, and autumn sowing implementation is changed Row field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring are staggered, and then carry out field normal management after autumn sowing；
9th step, harvesting, "Hami" melon center soluble solid reach 14% or more, are harvested.
The present embodiment "Hami" melon kind is western state honey 17, and in the harvesting of the 5th step, June 23, "Hami" melon center solubility was solid Shape object is 15%；The "Hami" melon yield that the "Hami" melon yield of the present embodiment plantation is obtained compared with traditional cultivation method improves 1.5 per acre Ton.
Embodiment 4, crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carries out in the steps below：
The first step, simultaneously site preparation of applying fertilizer, based on planting site decomposed manure 2500kg per acre, composite fertilizer 45kg, in planting site In sprinkle evenly and apply decomposed manure and composite fertilizer, plough deeply 35cm, then flatten；
Second step is laid with dropper and covers mulch, dropper is laid on the planting site after leveling, in the dropper overlying of laying Lid mulch；
Third walks, and is colonized and builds Small plastic shed, March, "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings was colonized on mulch by early and middle ten days, then right Small plastic shed is built on the mulch answered；
4th step, the temperature control after field planting, Hami melon seedling be colonized 3 days after in Small plastic shed temperature reach 35 DEG C or more and start Leaking informaton, at 20 DEG C, April 15 removed Small plastic shed for temperature control in 27 DEG C, night Small plastic shed for temperature control in daytime Small plastic shed, Remove field normal management after being sowed in spring after Small plastic shed；
5th step, harvesting, when "Hami" melon center, soluble solid reaches 14% or more, is harvested, picking time is not later than On June 20 to 25；
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, the residuum of cleaning "Hami" melon crop and recycling mulch after "Hami" melon harvesting, then will plantation 40cm is ploughed deeply on ground, is suned the earth which has been ploughed up after ploughing deeply 13 days；
7th step prepares before autumn sowing, based on planting site biological organic fertilizer 110kg per acre, composite fertilizer 25kg, in planting site It sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm, then flatten, dropper is laid on the planting site after leveling, spreading If dropper on cover mulch；
8th step, autumn sowing, July 10 are broadcast live on mulch, the "Hami" melon seed sterilized per 2, cave, and autumn sowing implementation is changed Row field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring are staggered, and then carry out field normal management after autumn sowing；
9th step, harvesting, "Hami" melon center soluble solid reach 14% or more, are harvested.
The present embodiment "Hami" melon kind is western state honey 17, and in the harvesting of the 5th step, June 23, "Hami" melon center solubility was solid Shape object is 17%；The "Hami" melon yield that the "Hami" melon yield of the present embodiment plantation is obtained compared with traditional cultivation method improves 1.8 per acre Ton.
Embodiment 5, crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carries out in the steps below：
The first step, simultaneously site preparation of applying fertilizer, based on planting site decomposed manure 2800kg per acre, composite fertilizer 49kg, in planting site In sprinkle evenly and apply decomposed manure and composite fertilizer, plough deeply 40cm, then flatten；
Second step is laid with dropper and covers mulch, dropper is laid on the planting site after leveling, in the dropper overlying of laying Lid mulch；
Third walks, and is colonized and builds Small plastic shed, March, "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings was colonized on mulch by early and middle ten days, then right Small plastic shed is built on the mulch answered；
4th step, the temperature control after field planting, Hami melon seedling be colonized 3 days after in Small plastic shed temperature reach 35 DEG C or more and start Leaking informaton, at 20 DEG C, April 18 removed Small plastic shed for temperature control in 28 DEG C, night Small plastic shed for temperature control in daytime Small plastic shed, Remove field normal management after being sowed in spring after Small plastic shed；
5th step, harvesting, when "Hami" melon center, soluble solid reaches 14% or more, is harvested, picking time is not later than On June 20 to 25；
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, the residuum of cleaning "Hami" melon crop and recycling mulch after "Hami" melon harvesting, then will plantation 40cm is ploughed deeply on ground, is suned the earth which has been ploughed up after ploughing deeply 15 days；
7th step prepares before autumn sowing, based on planting site biological organic fertilizer 115kg per acre, composite fertilizer 28kg, in planting site It sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, plough deeply 35cm, then flatten, dropper is laid on the planting site after leveling, spreading If dropper on cover mulch；
8th step, autumn sowing, July 12 are broadcast live on mulch, the "Hami" melon seed sterilized per 2, cave, and autumn sowing implementation is changed Row field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring are staggered, and then carry out field normal management after autumn sowing；
9th step, harvesting, "Hami" melon center soluble solid reach 14% or more, are harvested.
The present embodiment "Hami" melon kind is western state honey 17, and in the harvesting of the 5th step, June 25, "Hami" melon center solubility was solid Shape object is 20%；The "Hami" melon yield that the "Hami" melon yield of the present embodiment plantation is obtained compared with traditional cultivation method improves 2.0 per acre Ton.
Embodiment 6, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, Hami melon seedling obtains as follows：In intelligent seedling cultivation greenhouse It concentrates and uses plug media nursery, graft technology is connect using double break root graft technology and tip cutting, graft stock uses pumpkin variety capital Glad anvil two starts hardening 5 days to 7 days when melon seedling is grown to 2 leaves to 31 heart of leaf, and Hami melon seedling is obtained after hardening.
Embodiment 7, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, field normal management carries out as follows after spring sowing：Stretch the climing phase Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg to 3kg, punching fertilising 5kg to 8kg are applied by planting site per acre respectively with fruit expanding period, using double climing trainings, 4, to pinching when 5 true leaves, are selected and remain base portion stalwartness lateral bine, stay melon, growth period to keep down the vines of a creeping plant 1 time to 2 times in the section of lateral bine 6 to 7 sections, Upper reticulate pattern starts to turn over melon 2 times to 3 times, with weeds or toilet paper lid melon, uses soil by covering with ground sheeting at the beginning of 5 months.In this way, with weeds or toilet paper Lid melon can prevent day burn and pest and disease damage；The ground temperature in the case where covering with ground sheeting is convenient for reduction film.
Embodiment 8, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, field normal management carries out as follows after autumn sowing：After emergence Every morning drips 2 hours to 3 hours at dusk, and 3 leaves to 4 leaf phases are restrained the growth of seedlings 8 days to 10 days, and the early flowering season starts to drip, the early flowering season It dripped every 3 days to 5 days with fruit expanding period primary, drip 4h to 6h every time, and reticulate pattern forms the phase and dripped one every 5 days to 7 days Secondary, drip 2h to 3h every time, and harvesting is not dripped for first 7 days to 10 days；Fruit expanding period imposes composite fertilizer 3 times to 4 times, every time by every Mu planting site imposes composite fertilizer 5kg to 6kg, and the reticulate pattern formation phase imposes potassium sulfate 8kg to 10kg by planting site per acre；Using single climing Training, 5 to 6 true leaves when erase base portion lateral bud, the above son of 6 sections to 8 sections is climing to stay 2 leaf pinching, climing to Fruit taking out Before, select fine day to keep down the vines of a creeping plant every 30cm to 50cm, 8 sections to 10 sections stay melon, and young melon, which is grown to egg size, to carry out selecting melon, online Initial stage starts to pad melon, set melon, and expanding stage turns over melon 2 times to 3 times；The yellow plate of suspension prevents Bemisia tabaci, viral A and the pre- anti-virus of ZhiBingLing(SIC) Disease.
Embodiment 9, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in the third step, by planting per acre before "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting Drip 30m on ground3To 60m3, first drip 1 day to 2 days, after dripping by "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch, often row mulch moves up Two row Hami melon seedlings of field planting are planted, spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm；The width of Small plastic shed is 2m to 2.5m, and the height of Small plastic shed is 50cm To 80cm.
Embodiment 10, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in the 8th step autumn sowing, the "Hami" melon seed sterilized is by following sides Method obtains：200 times of formalin solutions of "Hami" melon seed or 10% trisodium phosphate solution are soaked seed 1 hour to 2 hours, seed soaking It is rinsed 2 times to 3 times with clear water afterwards, the "Hami" melon seed being sterilized after rinsing.
Embodiment 11 in the 8th step autumn sowing, is dripped for 3 days before autumn sowing as the optimization of above-described embodiment by planting site per acre 80m3To 120m3, it is filled with enough pre-sowing water；Two rows are sowed when sowing on every row mulch, depth of planting is 2cm to 3cm, is after planting covered Native 1cm to 2cm obturages pocket, then the earthing on mulch, and spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm.In this way, in covering with ground sheeting convenient for drop Ground temperature under low film.
Embodiment 12, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, the width of mulch is 90cm to 120cm；Hami melon seedling and disinfection The "Hami" melon seed crossed is 20cm to 25cm with a distance from the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch；"Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing When, small line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, and wide row space is 280cm to 300cm.Small line-spacing and wide row space are all common knowledge.
Embodiment 13, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, "Hami" melon kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
Embodiment 14, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, "Hami" melon stays 2cm to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums when harvesting.
In conclusion the present invention utilizes batch production graft seedling growth technology and two film soverlay techniques, by optimum harvest, plough deeply Be exposed to the sun, in due course autumn planting, line feed field planting, Scientific irrigation and green prevention and control technology, make full use of the sunlight-heat reaources of Turpan Basin, create It makes and is conducive to the environmental condition that "Hami" melon growth and development avoids pest and disease damage from occurring, shorten the field production time, be autumn Hami Melon production provides the sufficient production time and ensure that quality；The present invention compensates for traditional cultivation method summer "Hami" melon listing evening The few and poor quality present situation of autumn "Hami" melon, while the "Hami" melon yield that the present invention is obtained compared with traditional cultivation method improves per acre 1.5 tons to 2.0 tons, soil multiple crop index is improved, the income of peasant household is considerably increased.
The above technical characteristic constitutes the embodiment of the present invention, can basis with stronger adaptability and implementation result Actual needs increases and decreases non-essential technical characteristic, to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims (38)

  1. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 1. a kind of crop field "Hami" melon yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that carry out in the steps below：
    The first step, simultaneously site preparation of applying fertilizer, by planting site decomposed manure 2000kg to 3000kg, composite fertilizer 40kg to 50kg per acre Meter sprinkles evenly in planting site and applies decomposed manure and composite fertilizer, ploughs deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten；
    Second step is laid with drip irrigation zone and covers mulch, drip irrigation zone is laid on the planting site after leveling, on the drip irrigation zone of laying Cover mulch；
    Third walks, and is colonized and builds Small plastic shed, and "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings is colonized on mulch by early March, then corresponding Small plastic shed is built on film；
    4th step, the temperature control after field planting, Hami melon seedling be colonized 3 days after in Small plastic shed temperature reach 35 DEG C or more and start to put Wind, in daytime Small plastic shed temperature control in 20 DEG C to 30 DEG C, night Small plastic shed temperature control at 18 DEG C to 20 DEG C, April 10 to Small plastic shed was removed in 20th, removes field normal management after being sowed in spring after Small plastic shed；
    5th step, harvesting, when "Hami" melon center, soluble solid reaches 14% or more, is harvested, and picking time was June 20 To 25 days；
    6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, the residuum of cleaning "Hami" melon crop and recycling mulch after "Hami" melon harvesting, then by planting site depth 35cm to 40cm is turned over, is suned the earth which has been ploughed up after ploughing deeply 10 days to 15 days；
    7th step prepares before autumn sowing, based on planting site biological organic fertilizer 100kg to 120kg per acre, composite fertilizer 20kg to 30kg, It is sprinkled evenly in planting site and applies biological organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, ploughed deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten, the planting site after leveling Upper laying drip irrigation zone, mulch is covered on the drip irrigation zone of laying；
    8th step, autumn sowing, July 10 were broadcast live to 20 days on mulch, per 1 to 2, the cave "Hami" melon seed sterilized, autumn sowing Line feed field planting is carried out, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring are staggered, and then carry out field normal management after autumn sowing；
    9th step, harvesting, "Hami" melon center soluble solid reach 14% or more, are harvested；
    Wherein：Field normal management carries out as follows after the autumn sowing：Every morning or dusk drip 2 hours extremely after emergence 3 hours, 3 leaves to 4 leaf phases were restrained the growth of seedlings 8 days to 10 days, and the early flowering season starts to drip, and early flowering season and fruit expanding period were dripped every 3 days to 5 days Water is primary, and drip 4h to 6h every time, and the reticulate pattern formation phase dripped once every 5 days to 7 days, and drip 2h to 3h every time, harvested first 7 days It did not dripped to 10 days；Fruit expanding period imposes composite fertilizer 3 times to 4 times, imposes composite fertilizer 5kg to 6kg by planting site per acre every time, The reticulate pattern formation phase imposes potassium sulfate 8kg to 10kg by planting site per acre.
  2. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 2. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 1 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that Hami melon seedling It obtains as follows：In intelligent seedling cultivation greenhouse concentration plug media nursery, connect using double break root graft technology and tip cutting Graft technology, graft stock uses the glad anvil in pumpkin variety capital two, when melon seedling is grown to 2 leaves to 31 heart of leaf, starts hardening 5 days Hami melon seedling is obtained to 7 days, after hardening.
  3. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 3. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 1 or 2 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that after spring sowing Field normal management carries out as follows：It stretches climing phase and fruit expanding period and applies potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg by planting site per acre respectively 4 to pinching when 5 true leaves, base portion stalwartness lateral bine is selected and remain, in lateral bine 6 using double climing trainings to 3kg, punching fertilising 5kg to 8kg Section to 7 sections stay melon, growth period to keep down the vines of a creeping plant 1 time to 2 times, and upper reticulate pattern starts to turn over melon 2 times to 3 times, with weeds or toilet paper lid melon, May Just with native by covering with ground sheeting.
  4. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 4. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 1 or 2 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that after autumn sowing Field normal management further includes carrying out as follows：Using single climing training, 5 to 6 true leaves when erase base portion lateral bud, 6 sections Stays 2 leaf pinching to the above son of 8 sections is climing, take out it is climing to before Fruit, selection fine day is kept down the vines of a creeping plant every 30cm to 50cm, 8 Section to 10 sections stay melon, and young melon, which is grown to egg size, carries out that melon, online initial stage is selected to start to pad melon, set melon, and expanding stage turns over melon 2 times to 3 It is secondary；The yellow plate of suspension prevents Bemisia tabaci, and viral A and ZhiBingLing(SIC) prevent virus diseases.
  5. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 5. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 3 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that field after autumn sowing Between normal management carry out as follows：Using single climing training, 5 to 6 true leaves when erase base portion lateral bud, it is more than 6 sections to 8 sections Son is climing to stay 2 leaf pinching, take out it is climing select fine day to keep down the vines of a creeping plant every 30cm to 50cm to before Fruit, 8 sections to 10 sections stay Melon, young melon, which is grown to egg size, carries out that melon, online initial stage is selected to start to pad melon, set melon, and expanding stage turns over melon 2 times to 3 times；The yellow plate of suspension Prevent Bemisia tabaci, ZhiBingLing(SIC) prevents virus diseases.
  6. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 6. the crop field "Hami" melon according to claims 1 or 2 or 5 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the In three steps, drip 30m by planting site per acre before "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting3To 60m3, first drip 1 day to 2 days, will be breathed out after dripping Close melon seedling transplant planting is on mulch, and often two row Hami melon seedling of transplant planting on row mulch, spacing in the rows are 40cm to 50cm；Small plastic shed Width be 2m to 2.5m, the height of Small plastic shed is 50cm to 80cm.
  7. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 7. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 3 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that in third step, It drips 30m by planting site per acre before "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting3To 60m3, first drip 1 day to 2 days, move Hami melon seedling after dripping Field planting is planted on mulch, often two row Hami melon seedling of transplant planting on row mulch, spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm；The width of Small plastic shed is The height of 2m to 2.5m, Small plastic shed are 50cm to 80cm.
  8. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 8. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 4 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that in third step, It drips 30m by planting site per acre before "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting3To 60m3, first drip 1 day to 2 days, move Hami melon seedling after dripping Field planting is planted on mulch, often two row Hami melon seedling of transplant planting on row mulch, spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm；The width of Small plastic shed is The height of 2m to 2.5m, Small plastic shed are 50cm to 80cm.
  9. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 9. the crop field "Hami" melon according to claims 1 or 2 or 5 or 7 or 8 yields two crops a year, feature It is in the 8th step autumn sowing, the "Hami" melon seed sterilized obtains as follows：By 200 times of formalin of "Hami" melon seed Solution or 10% trisodium phosphate solution are soaked seed 1 hour to 2 hours, are rinsed 2 times to 3 times with clear water after seed soaking, are sterilized after rinsing The "Hami" melon seed crossed.
  10. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 10. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 3 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the 8th step autumn In broadcasting, the "Hami" melon seed sterilized obtains as follows：By "Hami" melon seed 200 times of formalin solutions or 10% phosphorus Sour trisodium solution seed soaking 1 hour to 2 hours is rinsed 2 times to 3 times after seed soaking with clear water, the "Hami" melon being sterilized after rinsing Seed.
  11. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 11. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 4 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the 8th step autumn In broadcasting, the "Hami" melon seed sterilized obtains as follows：By "Hami" melon seed 200 times of formalin solutions or 10% phosphorus Sour trisodium solution seed soaking 1 hour to 2 hours is rinsed 2 times to 3 times after seed soaking with clear water, the "Hami" melon being sterilized after rinsing Seed.
  12. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 12. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 6 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the 8th step autumn In broadcasting, the "Hami" melon seed sterilized obtains as follows：By "Hami" melon seed 200 times of formalin solutions or 10% phosphorus Sour trisodium solution seed soaking 1 hour to 2 hours is rinsed 2 times to 3 times after seed soaking with clear water, the "Hami" melon being sterilized after rinsing Seed.
  13. 13. the crop field "Hami" melon according to claims 1 or 2 or 5 or 7 or 8 or 10 or 11 or 12 yields two crops a year, multiple cropping processed is planted Culture method, it is characterised in that in the 8th step autumn sowing, drip 80m by planting site per acre for 3 days before autumn sowing3To 120m3, it is filled with enough pre-sowing water； Two rows are sowed when sowing on every row mulch, depth of planting is 2cm to 3cm, and after planting earthing 1cm to 2cm obturages pocket, so The earthing on mulch afterwards, spacing in the rows are 40cm to 50cm.
  14. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 14. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 3 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the 8th step autumn In broadcasting, drip 80m by planting site per acre within 3 days before autumn sowing3To 120m3, it is filled with enough pre-sowing water；When sowing two are sowed on every row mulch Row, depth of planting are 2cm to 3cm, and after planting earthing 1cm to 2cm obturages pocket, and then the earthing on mulch, spacing in the rows are 40cm to 50cm.
  15. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 15. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 4 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the 8th step autumn In broadcasting, drip 80m by planting site per acre within 3 days before autumn sowing3To 120m3, it is filled with enough pre-sowing water；When sowing two are sowed on every row mulch Row, depth of planting are 2cm to 3cm, and after planting earthing 1cm to 2cm obturages pocket, and then the earthing on mulch, spacing in the rows are 40cm to 50cm.
  16. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 16. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 6 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the 8th step autumn In broadcasting, drip 80m by planting site per acre within 3 days before autumn sowing3To 120m3, it is filled with enough pre-sowing water；When sowing two are sowed on every row mulch Row, depth of planting are 2cm to 3cm, and after planting earthing 1cm to 2cm obturages pocket, and then the earthing on mulch, spacing in the rows are 40cm to 50cm.
  17. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 17. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 9 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the 8th step autumn In broadcasting, drip 80m by planting site per acre within 3 days before autumn sowing3To 120m3, it is filled with enough pre-sowing water；When sowing two are sowed on every row mulch Row, depth of planting are 2cm to 3cm, and after planting earthing 1cm to 2cm obturages pocket, and then the earthing on mulch, spacing in the rows are 40cm to 50cm.
  18. 18. according to the crop field "Hami" melon described in claims 1 or 2 or 5 or 7 or 8 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 14 or 15 or 16 or 17 Two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method, it is characterised in that the width of mulch is 90cm to 120cm；Hami melon seedling and the Kazakhstan sterilized Close melon seed is 20cm to 25cm with a distance from the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch；When "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, small row Away from for 40cm to 50cm, wide row space is 280cm to 300cm.
  19. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 19. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 3 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the width of mulch Degree is 90cm to 120cm；Hami melon seedling and the "Hami" melon seed sterilized are 20cm with a distance from the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch To 25cm；When "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, small line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, and wide row space is 280cm to 300cm.
  20. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 20. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 4 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the width of mulch Degree is 90cm to 120cm；Hami melon seedling and the "Hami" melon seed sterilized are 20cm with a distance from the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch To 25cm；When "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, small line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, and wide row space is 280cm to 300cm.
  21. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 21. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 6 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the width of mulch Degree is 90cm to 120cm；Hami melon seedling and the "Hami" melon seed sterilized are 20cm with a distance from the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch To 25cm；When "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, small line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, and wide row space is 280cm to 300cm.
  22. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 22. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 9 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that the width of mulch Degree is 90cm to 120cm；Hami melon seedling and the "Hami" melon seed sterilized are 20cm with a distance from the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch To 25cm；When "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, small line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, and wide row space is 280cm to 300cm.
  23. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 23. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 13 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that mulch Width is 90cm to 120cm；Hami melon seedling and the "Hami" melon seed sterilized are with a distance from the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch 20cm to 25cm；When "Hami" melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, small line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, and wide row space is 280cm to 300cm.
  24. 24. according to claims 1 or 2 or 5 or 7 or 8 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 14 or 15 or 16 or 17 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 Or the crop field "Hami" melon described in 23 yields two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon kind be western state honey 17 or Western state honey 25.
  25. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 25. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 3 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon product Kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
  26. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 26. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 4 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon product Kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
  27. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 27. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 6 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon product Kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
  28. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 28. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 9 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon product Kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
  29. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 29. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 13 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon Kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
  30. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 30. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 18 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon Kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
  31. 31. according to claims 1 or 2 or 5 or 7 or 8 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 14 or 15 or 16 or 17 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 Or the crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed described in 23 or 25 or 26 or 27 or 28 or 29 or 30, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon stays 2cm to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums when harvesting.
  32. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 32. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 3 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon is adopted Time receiving stays 2cm to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums.
  33. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 33. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 4 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon is adopted Time receiving stays 2cm to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums.
  34. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 34. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 6 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon is adopted Time receiving stays 2cm to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums.
  35. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 35. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 9 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon is adopted Time receiving stays 2cm to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums.
  36. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 36. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 13 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon 2cm is stayed to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums when harvesting.
  37. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 37. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 18 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon 2cm is stayed to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums when harvesting.
  38. The multiple cropping cultural method processed 38. crop field "Hami" melon according to claim 24 yields two crops a year, it is characterised in that "Hami" melon 2cm is stayed to be harvested to 3cm carpopodiums when harvesting.
CN201610034096.2A 2016-01-19 2016-01-19 Crop field "Hami" melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed Expired - Fee Related CN105660120B (en)

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CN106397041A (en) * 2016-09-27 2017-02-15 新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心 Compound fertilizer for improving soluble solid of Hami melon as well as preparation and application thereof
CN106900315A (en) * 2017-02-04 2017-06-30 吐鲁番市农业科学研究院(新疆农业科学院吐鲁番农业科学研究所) A kind of cultural method of "Hami" melon Forage Sorghum
CN106879331A (en) * 2017-02-04 2017-06-23 吐鲁番市农业科学研究院(新疆农业科学院吐鲁番农业科学研究所) A kind of cultural method of "Hami" melon replay grain sorghum
CN107455126A (en) * 2017-08-24 2017-12-12 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 A kind of cultural method for improving "Hami" melon yield
CN108076986A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-05-29 佛山汇沐化学科技有限公司 A kind of "Hami" melon implantation methods rich in various trace elements
CN110278838B (en) * 2019-07-29 2021-08-03 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 Drip irrigation planting method for rotation of Hami melons and chives in sunlight greenhouse
CN110249949B (en) * 2019-08-02 2021-06-15 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 Open field arched shed onion and Hami melon crop rotation drip irrigation planting method
CN110679380B (en) * 2019-11-04 2022-03-29 寿光市润宏农业科技有限公司 Grape cultivation management method
CN111357579A (en) * 2020-03-06 2020-07-03 光泽县富民蔬菜专业合作社 Method for improving commodity of Hami melons in pruning mode
CN113229066A (en) * 2021-06-03 2021-08-10 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 No-tillage drip irrigation planting method for Hami melons in autumn
CN113973662A (en) * 2021-09-02 2022-01-28 新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心 Cultivation method for planting Hami melons in northern facilities in two seasons in one year
CN114145195A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-08 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 One-year two-cropping drip irrigation cultivation planting method for field watermelons

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CN103329787B (en) * 2013-06-27 2014-08-13 江苏岩藤农业发展有限公司 Soilless culture method for high-sugar Hami melons
CN103340126A (en) * 2013-07-10 2013-10-09 哈密市牛筋塑料制品有限公司 Method for preventing pests and diseases of hami melons
CN104584836A (en) * 2015-01-27 2015-05-06 李风春 Secondary fruit setting cultivation method of Hami melons

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