CN103005437B - Method for preparing Se-enriched bran edible mushroom nutrition powder by solid cultivation - Google Patents
Method for preparing Se-enriched bran edible mushroom nutrition powder by solid cultivation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing Se-enriched bran edible mushroom nutrition powder by solid cultivation. By adopting the method, an organic Se bran mushroom powder food raw material compounded by Se-enriched bran dietary fiber, edible mushroom vegetative hypha, extracellular bacteria polysaccharide and the like can be prepared. According to the method, pleurotus geesteranus Se-enriched liquid production bacteria are prepared by stimulation by adopting a liquid optimization cultivation technology for gradually optimizing bran and Se nutrition matrixes; the bran matrixes are subjected to high temperature and high pressure hydrolysis pretreatment by adopting a proper and safe dosage of sodium selenite; and finally, the bran is fermented, hydrolyzed and pretreated by Se-enriched pleurotus geesteranus liquid bacteria solids, so that the Se-enriched bran edible mushroom nutrition powder which contains organic Se raw materials and can be applied to Se-enriched food processing can be prepared.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid culture and prepare the method for rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder.
Background technology
Trace element " selenium " is organic-biological important essential trace nutrient in physiological metabolism.Eighties of last century, the research report that scientist is existing a large amount of to its function nutrition effect.Not only important because of it, and because the available resources of selenium element in distributed in nature is most deficient, received world physicism persons' very big concern.According to the 80's of China scientist eighties of last century, the arable land of China 70% is all on the soil resource band that can utilize selenium resource shortage, thereby, develop bio-transformation beneficiation technologies, produce Organic Selenium nutritional resource, be the technical field that the field scholars such as agricultural sciences, bioscience and Food Science try to explore always.Agricultural products, cultivated animals, utilizing beneficial microorganism nutrition to transform, is the main biological approach that metabolic conversion and enrichment nature can utilize inorganic selenium nutrient source, differs from one another and advantage.Utilize probio to carry out the bio-transformation metabolism enrichment to inorganic selenium salt, not only have that metabolic pathway is short, life cycle is fast, the obvious biological metabolism advantage of bio-transformation benefit, has the technical development advantage that the industrialized development of being easy to, quality are controlled simultaneously.Utilize the Nutrition and Metabolism feature of edible fungus to carry out the bio-transformation metabolism enrichment to inorganic selenium salt, can also form the stack synergy of the multiple biologically active nutritional labeling of edible mushroom self is utilized to effect.
Utilize edible mushroom to carry out the research of the bio-transformation of inorganic selenium and enrichment much, but be confined to fructification cultivation, utilize research more; The research of cultivating rich selenium conversion for edible fungus liquid is also mainly seen in academic report." preparation method of selenium enriched oyster mushroom powder " (ZL 2,006 1 0135227.2) patented technology, develop a kind of technique of enriched selenium of edible fungus living being safely and effectively, but its target product is the selenium-enriched edible mushroom vegetative hyphae that Liquid Culture is produced, as organism organic selenium food resource, abandoned the outer biologically active mesostate of a large amount of born of the same parents in fluid nutrient medium, comprise seleno-amino acids and seleno granulose metabolite, its patented technology also has larger innovation again to utilize space.
Wheat bran is conventional edible fungi nutrition cultural hypha matrix, on the one hand for mycelial growth provides nutrient source, on the other hand for the outer metabolic enzyme of mycelia born of the same parents provides degraded required fibre substrate; , as the biological ectoenzyme of edible mushroom matrix degradation, process meanwhile, can effectively improve wheat-bran fiber degradation efficiency.Therefore, the present invention is based on wheat bran matrix effectively promotes the nutrition of hypha of edible fungus metabolism growth to transform advantage, and the nutrition trans-utilization feature of edible mushroom ectoenzyme to wheat-bran fiber, by pressure, promote wheat-bran fiber cell membrane physics hydrolysis, wheat bran matrix is carried out to inorganic selenium pretreatment, in order to improving edible mushroom, the selemium nutrition of wheat bran matrix is carried out to the outer organic transformation Nutrition and Metabolism of born of the same parents, thereby utilize edible mushroom inorganic selenium nutrition to be transformed to the intermediate product of metabolism completely, by rich selenium wheat bran solid fermentation, prepare rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solid culture to prepare the method for rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder, prepare the Organic Selenium wheat bran bacterium powder food raw material of the compound nutritional compositions such as rich selenium wheat-bran dietary fiber and edible fungi nutrition mycelia and extracellular bacteria polysaccharide thereof.
Of the present inventionly a kind ofly utilize elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification solid fermentation to prepare the method for rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder, the concrete steps of described method are as follows:
A. prepare elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification:
(1) optimization step by step of wheat bran nutrient matrix: cultivate in kind, level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium at flat board, the addition of wheat bran is respectively 0-1g/100mL, 1-3g/100mL, 1-5g/100mL; Wheat bran in level liquid kind culture medium, is that the wheat bran filtered fluid form of boiling filtration adds, and the wheat bran in secondary liquid strain culture medium is that the wheat bran powder form of pulverizing 20 mesh sieves adds;
(2) optimization step by step of selemium nutrition matrix: take sodium selenite as inorganic selenium source, calculate addition with Se content ratio, in level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium, the addition of selenium is respectively 0～1.0 μ g/mL, 1.0～3.0 μ g/mL; Match with it, in level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium, add dusty yeast and be respectively 0.15-0.30g/100mL, 0.2-0.5 g/100mL;
B. prepare solid fermentation culture medium:
Sodium selenite consumption is 3.0-6.0 μ g/g wheat bran, according to the 60-90% of wheat bran quality, calculates required amount of water, for fully dissolving the sodium selenite amount of adding; Sodium selenite lysate is evenly admixed in the wheat bran of respective quality, stirred, obtain solid fermentation culture medium, then pack in closed container, and in solid fermentation culture medium, evenly retain several inoculations hole, be placed in 121 ℃, 0.1MPa autoclaving 20min;
C. solid fermentation is prepared rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder:
Under sterile working environment, the precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid of show bacterial classification is evenly accessed in the inoculation hole of solid fermentation culture medium and
Media surface, the access amount of elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification is the 20-40w% of solid fermentation culture medium, and sealing is statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under lucifuge condition, cultivate 10-14 days, to mycelia, cover with container, finish to cultivate, take out the culture medium that covers with mycelia, be broken into fritter, 55 ℃ of forced air dryings are to constant weight, and pulverize 20 mesh sieves, make rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder.
Steps A middle plateform is cultivated the wheat bran in kind of culture medium, is that the wheat bran filtered fluid form of boiling filtration adds; Quantity and the spacing of in step B, inoculating hole be take culture vessel area as reference, take that liquid spawn evenly to be accessed and is distributed in culture medium be target.
Rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder of the present invention is rich in the organism organic selenium through edible mushroom metabolic conversion, edible fungi nutrition mycelia and granulose, mycoprotein, and through the wheat-bran dietary fiber of Degradation and Transformation; The main target parameter of product is Se content (mg/kg).
Crucial innovation of the present invention shows:
1. applied edible mushroom to inorganic selenium trace element bio-transformation and the biodegradation feature to wheat-bran fiber, excited and optimize the outer degraded of liquid spawn born of the same parents and selemium nutrition conversion metabolic capability.Not only utilized edible fungus living being to transform the metabolic characteristic of enrichment Organic Selenium, the outer Biodegradable fiber enzyme of born of the same parents, and by its physiological metabolism advantage, by adjusting liquid culture nutritine growth medium matter, cultivated step by step, excite and amplify its bacterial classification metabolic capability; With liquid spawn form, metabolic enzyme and active material material outside its vegetative hyphae and born of the same parents are linked in solid medium in the lump again, make full use of the acting in conjunction of the outer organized enzyme of mycelia and born of the same parents, promote the Degradation and Transformation metabolic efficiency to culture matrix.
2. wheat bran culture medium is prepared in applying high voltage sterilizing, and sodium selenite is prepared to inorganic selenium solution in proportion, and solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is synchronously completed to sterilizing, selenizing, fiber finer cell wall hydrolysis pretreatment.Wheat bran crude fiber content high (comprising a large amount of celluloses, hemicellulose and lignin composition), wheat bran cell membrane is inlayed and is contained abundant structural proteins; Inorganic selenium solution pretreatment by certain proportion concentration, in the autoclaved while, causes hydrolysis in various degree to cell membrane fibre structure, is conducive to improve wheat bran soluble component, promotes it by edible mushroom Degradation and Transformation.
3. for improving the security of product, adopted the selenium enriched oyster mushroom kind narrower to selenium secure threshold adaptability, and correspondingly determined that being conducive to solid culture prepares the key parameter threshold values such as the best wheat bran matrix inorganic selenium solution concentration of rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder, amount of solution, liquid strain vaccination ways, incubation time, and dry-making method of dried.
The specific embodiment
Concrete invention operating procedure of the present invention is as follows:
1. adopt the Liquid Culture matrix of optimizing step by step wheat bran and selemium nutrition, excite the liquid spawn of optimizing the outer degraded of liquid spawn born of the same parents and selemium nutrition conversion metabolic capability.
(1) optimization step by step of wheat bran nutrient matrix content: with wheat bran quality/fluid nutrient medium volume ratio, flat
In the culture medium of plate cultivation kind, level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain, increase step by step wheat bran nutrient source, adding proportion is respectively 0-1g/100mL, 1-3g/100mL, 1-5g/100mL; Dull and stereotyped wheat bran nutrition of cultivating in kind and level liquid kind culture medium, to add by boiling in proportion the wheat bran filtered fluid of filtration that (adding proportion is in wheat bran quality, the wheat bran filtered fluid that boils filtration is added in culture medium raw material, water supplements surplus), the wheat bran nutritional labeling in secondary liquid strain culture medium is directly to add in proportion the wheat bran powder of pulverizing 20 mesh sieves to prepare liquid strain culture medium; Progressively adapt to and optimize bacterial classification to the outer Degradation and Transformation metabolic capability of the born of the same parents of wheat-bran fiber nutrition in matrix.
(2) optimization step by step of the selemium nutrition factor: in like manner, calculate in Se content ratio in sodium selenite, add step by step inorganic selenium content and be respectively 0.0～1.0 μ g/mL, 1.0～3.0 μ g/mL in level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium; Match with it, in level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium, dusty yeast content increases step by step, is respectively 0.15-0.30g/100mL, 0.2-0.5g/100mL; Progressively excite the outer metabolism of born of the same parents of bacterial classification in fluid nutrient medium, and the seleno-amino acids bio-transformation metabolic capability to inorganic selenium nutrition in the outer nutrient media of born of the same parents.
(3) fluid nutrient medium preparation is cultivated with bacterial classification: except prepared by (1) and the optimization step by step of (2) described wheat bran, inorganic selenium nutrient source, yeast nutrition ratio, the preparation of fluid nutrient medium is cultivated identical with inoculation step and conventional liq.Second class inoculum incubation time, becomes according to culture vessel, and target is to obtain tiny equally distributed dietetic bacterial pompon to be advisable; Adopt automatic controlled fermentation tank to cultivate second class inoculum, required incubation time was advisable with 48-72 hour, and adopted full temperature shaken cultivation case and 100mL triangular flask to cultivate second-class liquid isolate, and required incubation time was advisable with 72-96 hour.
2. adopt high-temperature and high-pressure technique, with every g wheat bran, add 3.0-6.0 μ g sodium selenite ratio and prepare inorganic selenium solution, solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is synchronously completed to sterilizing, selenizing, fiber finer cell wall hydrolysis pretreatment.
(1) sterilizing to solid fermentation wheat bran matrix, selenizing, fiber finer cell wall hydrolysis pretreatment: sodium selenite consumption is 3.0-6.0 μ g/g wheat bran, according to the 60-90% of wheat bran quality, add institute's water requirement, fully dissolve, lysate is evenly admixed in the wheat bran of respective quality, and pack closed container into, in wheat bran heap, evenly retain several inoculations hole, then, be placed in 121 ℃, 0.1MPa, carry out the sterilizing of 20min wheat bran, selenizing and fiber finer cell wall hydrolysis pretreatment, in order to the outer degraded of the born of the same parents that promote follow-up hypha of edible fungus, for amino acid nutrient, transform metabolism with Organic Selenium.
(2) solid fermentation wheat bran matrix inoculation: under sterile working environment, degrade the outward precious mushroom secondary of the show selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification of wheat bran and Organic Selenium nutrition conversion capability of born of the same parents will be excited, 20-40% with solid fermentation wheat bran substrates quantity, evenly be linked into wheat bran matrix reserved inoculation hole and stromal surface, airtight container, be statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under lucifuge condition, cultivate 10-14 days, to the full container of mycelial growth.
3. while finishing to cultivate, take out the wheat bran matrix that covers with mycelia, be broken into fritter, divide and be placed in air blast drying plant, 55 ℃ of forced air drying 12-18h, to constant weight, evenly pulverized 20 orders, made the rich selenium wheat bran of elegant precious mushroom bacterium powder.
Routine techniques parameter of the present invention is as follows:
1. adopt the production of hybrid seeds and the training method of conventional edible mushroom flat board and liquid spawn.Except above-mentioned wheat bran nutrient matrix content is optimized the difference of optimizing step by step with selemium nutrition factor matrix step by step, dull and stereotyped bacterium culture medium 100mL(w/v): adopt PDA or PDA enriched medium (potato 20g, glucose 2g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 g, magnesium sulfate 0.1 g, ammonium sulfate 0.1 g, VB10.01 g, agar 2 g); One-level and secondary liquid strain culture medium 100mL(w/v): corn flour 3 g, sucrose 2 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 g, magnesium sulfate 0.1 g, ammonium sulfate 0.1 g, VB10.01 g, pH value is nature; Liquid Spawn Culture Conditions: temperature 25 ℃ ± 0.5, rotating speed 150 ± 2r/min; Bacterial classification requires: bacterium ball is little, quantity is many, it is dense thick to be evenly distributed.
2. adopt the conditions such as the method for operating of classical solid matter autoclave sterilization and pressure, temperature, sterilization time.
3. treat that pretreatment compost is cooled to temperature≤30 ℃, under aseptic condition, the bacterium ball that shakes up second-class liquid isolate distributes, with 20-40mL/100g solid fermentation wheat bran matrix, measure secondary selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification, evenly in access compost inoculation hole, and compost surface, especially note being uniformly distributed accessed bacterium ball; Sealing blake bottle, and be placed under 25 ℃ ± 0.5 temperature conditions the standing cultivation of shading 10-14 days.All operations were flow process should complete fast under gnotobasis; Access second class inoculum should be uniformly distributed the little bacterium ball of dense thick health; The total moisture content of postvaccinal solid fermentation wheat bran matrix answers≤120%.
Embodiment 1:
Dull and stereotyped cultivation adopts the classical culture medium of PDA; The wheat bran that the wheat bran addition that I and II liquid spawn optimize to be cultivated is respectively 1g/100mL boil filtered fluid and 3g/100mL pulverizing 20 order wheat bran powder, sodium selenite consumption is respectively 0.0 μ g/mL and 3.0 μ g/mL, dusty yeast addition all adopts 0.30g/100mL, second class inoculum fermentation tank culture 48 hours; The pretreated sodium selenite consumption of solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is 3.0 μ g/g wheat bran, and it is 90% of wheat bran consumption that sodium selenite solution is prepared water consumption; The bacterial classification inoculum concentration of solid culture wheat bran is 30% of wheat bran matrix, is statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under lucifuge condition, cultivates 10 days; Rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder Se content prepared by solid fermentation is 0.90mg/kg.
Embodiment 2:
Dull and stereotyped cultivation adopts the wheat bran of PDA enriched medium and 1g/100mL to boil filtered fluid; The wheat bran that the wheat bran addition that I and II liquid spawn optimize to be cultivated is respectively 1g/100mL boil filtered fluid and 1.0g/100mL pulverizing 20 order wheat bran powder, sodium selenite consumption is respectively 1.0 μ g/mL and 3.0 μ g/mL, dusty yeast addition is respectively 0.15g/100mL and 0.20g/100mL, and second class inoculum shaking flask is cultivated 96 hours; The pretreated sodium selenite consumption of solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is 3.0 μ g/g wheat bran, and it is 90% of wheat bran consumption that sodium selenite solution is prepared water consumption; The bacterial classification inoculum concentration of solid culture wheat bran is 30% of wheat bran matrix, is statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under lucifuge condition, cultivates 10 days; Adopt 55 ℃ of forced air dryings to constant weight.Its product is rich selenium wheat bran oyster mushroom powder, and rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder Se content prepared by solid fermentation is 1.63mg/kg.
Embodiment 3:
Dull and stereotyped cultivation adopts the wheat bran of PDA enriched medium and 1g/100mL to boil filtered fluid; The wheat bran that the wheat bran addition that I and II liquid spawn optimize to be cultivated is respectively 1g/100mL boil filtered fluid and 3g/100mL pulverizing 20 order wheat bran powder, sodium selenite consumption is respectively 1.0 μ g/mL and 3.0 μ g/mL, and dusty yeast addition all adopts 0.30g/100mL; The pretreated sodium selenite consumption of solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is 3.0 μ g/g wheat bran, and it is 70% of wheat bran consumption that sodium selenite solution is prepared water consumption; The bacterial classification inoculum concentration of solid culture wheat bran is 30% of wheat bran matrix, is statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under lucifuge condition, cultivates 12 days; Adopt 55 ℃ of forced air dryings to constant weight.Its product is rich selenium wheat bran oyster mushroom powder, and rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder Se content prepared by solid fermentation is 1.76mg/kg.
Claims (2)
1. utilize elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification solid fermentation to prepare the method for rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of described method are as follows:
A. prepare elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification:
(1) optimization step by step of wheat bran nutrient matrix: cultivate in kind, level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium at flat board, the addition of wheat bran is respectively 1g/100mL, 1g/100mL, 3g/100mL; Wheat bran in level liquid kind culture medium, is that the wheat bran filtered fluid form of boiling filtration adds, and the wheat bran in secondary liquid strain culture medium is that the wheat bran powder form of pulverizing 20 mesh sieves adds;
(2) optimization step by step of selemium nutrition matrix: take sodium selenite as inorganic selenium source, calculate addition with Se content ratio, in level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium, the addition of selenium is respectively 1.0 μ g/mL, 3.0 μ g/mL; Match with it, in level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium, add dusty yeast and be 0.30g/100mL;
B. prepare solid fermentation culture medium:
Sodium selenite consumption is 3.0-6.0 μ g/g wheat bran, according to the 70-90% of wheat bran quality, calculates required amount of water, for fully dissolving the sodium selenite amount of adding; Sodium selenite lysate is evenly admixed in the wheat bran of respective quality, stirred, obtain solid fermentation culture medium, then pack in closed container, and in solid fermentation culture medium, evenly retain several inoculations hole, be placed in 121 ℃, 0.1MPa autoclaving 20min;
C. solid fermentation is prepared rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder:
Under sterile working environment, the precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid of show bacterial classification is evenly accessed in the inoculation hole of solid fermentation culture medium and media surface, the access amount of elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification is the 30w% of solid fermentation culture medium, sealing, be statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under lucifuge condition, cultivate 10-14 days, cover with container to mycelia, finish to cultivate, the culture medium of mycelia is covered with in taking-up, is broken into fritter, and 55 ℃ of forced air dryings are to constant weight, and pulverized 20 mesh sieves, make rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder.
2. according to the precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid of the utilization show bacterial classification solid fermentation described in claim 1, prepare the method for rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder, it is characterized in that, steps A middle plateform is cultivated the wheat bran in kind of culture medium, is that the wheat bran filtered fluid form of boiling filtration adds; Quantity and the spacing of in step B, inoculating hole be take culture vessel area as reference, take that liquid spawn evenly to be accessed and is distributed in culture medium be target.
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| CN104382054B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-07-06 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | A kind of preparation method of high fine selenium-rich multielement nutrition mushroom decoction pieces |
| CN104473141A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-04-01 | 苏州硒泰克生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing organic selenium-rich additive by using high selenium edible fungi |
| CN115669853A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-02-03 | 无锡赞匠生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing fermented oat bran powder by using edible fungus fermented wet oat bran waste residues |
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