CN103005437A - Method for preparing Se-enriched bran edible mushroom nutrition powder by solid cultivation - Google Patents
Method for preparing Se-enriched bran edible mushroom nutrition powder by solid cultivation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing Se-enriched bran edible mushroom nutrition powder by solid cultivation. By adopting the method, an organic Se bran mushroom powder food raw material compounded by Se-enriched bran dietary fiber, edible mushroom vegetative hypha, extracellular bacteria polysaccharide and the like can be prepared. According to the method, pleurotus geesteranus Se-enriched liquid production bacteria are prepared by stimulation by adopting a liquid optimization cultivation technology for gradually optimizing bran and Se nutrition matrixes; the bran matrixes are subjected to high temperature and high pressure hydrolysis pretreatment by adopting a proper and safe dosage of sodium selenite; and finally, the bran is fermented, hydrolyzed and pretreated by Se-enriched pleurotus geesteranus liquid bacteria solids, so that the Se-enriched bran edible mushroom nutrition powder which contains organic Se raw materials and can be applied to Se-enriched food processing can be prepared.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of solid culture prepares rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder.
Background technology
Trace element " selenium " is organic-biological important essential trace nutrient in physiological metabolism.Eighties of last century, the research report that scientist is existing a large amount of to its function nutrition effect.Not only important because of it, and because the available resources of selenium element in distributed in nature is most deficient, received world physicism persons' very big concern.According to China scientist eighties of last century eighties, the arable land of China 70% all is on the soil resource band that can utilize the selenium resource shortage, thereby, development and use bio-transformation beneficiation technologies, produce the Organic Selenium nutritional resource, be the technical field that the field scholars such as agricultural sciences, bioscience and Food Science try to explore always.Agricultural products, cultivated animals, utilizing beneficial microorganism nutrition to transform, is the main biological approach that metabolic conversion and enrichment nature can utilize the inorganic selenium nutrient source, differs from one another and advantage.Utilize probio to carry out bio-transformation metabolism enrichment to inorganic selenium salt, not only have metabolic pathway weak point, fast, the obvious biological metabolism advantage of bio-transformation benefit of life cycle, have simultaneously the technical development advantage of the industrialized development of being easy to, quality control.Utilize the Nutrition and Metabolism characteristics of edible fungus to carry out bio-transformation metabolism enrichment to inorganic selenium salt, the stack synergy that can also form the multiple biologically active nutritional labeling of edible mushroom self utilizes effect.
It is much to utilize edible mushroom to carry out the research of the bio-transformation of inorganic selenium and enrichment, utilizes research but be confined to the fructification cultivation more; The research of cultivating rich selenium conversion for edible fungus liquid also is mainly seen in academic report." preparation method of selenium enriched oyster mushroom powder " (ZL 2,006 1 0135227.2) patented technology, develop a kind of safely and effectively edible fungus living being technique of enriched selenium, but its target product is the selenium-enriched edible mushroom vegetative hyphae that Liquid Culture is produced, as the organism organic selenium food resource, abandoned the outer biological active mesostate of a large amount of born of the same parents in the fluid nutrient medium, comprise seleno-amino acids and seleno granulose metabolite, its patented technology also has larger again innovation to utilize the space.
Wheat bran is the edible fungi nutrition cultural hypha matrix of commonly using, and provides nutrient source for mycelial growth on the one hand, provides degraded required fibre substrate for the outer metabolic enzyme of mycelia born of the same parents on the other hand; Simultaneously, process as the biological ectoenzyme of edible mushroom matrix degradation, can Effective Raise wheat-bran fiber degradation efficiency.Therefore, the present invention is based on wheat bran matrix effectively promotes the nutrition of hypha of edible fungus metabolism growth to transform advantage, and the edible mushroom ectoenzyme is to the nutrition trans-utilization characteristics of wheat-bran fiber, promote wheat-bran fiber cell membrane physics hydrolysis by pressure, wheat bran matrix is carried out the inorganic selenium preliminary treatment, carry out the outer organic transformation Nutrition and Metabolism of born of the same parents in order to improving the selemium nutrition of edible mushroom to wheat bran matrix, thereby utilize edible mushroom inorganic selenium nutrition to be transformed the intermediate product of metabolism fully, by rich selenium wheat bran solid fermentation, prepare rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solid culture to prepare the method for rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder, prepare the Organic Selenium wheat bran bacterium powder food raw material of the compound nutritional compositions such as rich selenium wheat-bran dietary fiber and edible fungi nutrition mycelia and extracellular bacteria polysaccharide thereof.
Of the present inventionly a kind ofly utilize elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification solid fermentation to prepare the method for rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder, the concrete steps of described method are as follows:
A. prepare elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification:
(1) the step by step optimization of wheat bran nutrient matrix: cultivate in kind, level liquid kind, the secondary liquid strain culture medium at flat board, the addition of wheat bran is respectively 0-1g/100mL, 1-3g/100mL, 1-5g/100mL; Wheat bran in the level liquid kind culture medium is that the wheat bran filtered fluid form of boiling filtration adds, and the wheat bran in the secondary liquid strain culture medium is that the wheat bran powder form of pulverizing 20 mesh sieves adds;
(2) the step by step optimization of selemium nutrition matrix: take sodium selenite as inorganic selenium source, calculate addition with the Se content ratio, in level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium, the addition of selenium is respectively 0～1.0 μ g/mL, 1.0～3.0 μ g/mL; Be complementary with it, in level liquid kind, the secondary liquid strain culture medium, add dusty yeast and be respectively 0.15-0.30g/100mL, 0.2-0.5 g/100mL;
B. prepare the solid fermentation culture medium:
The sodium selenite consumption is 3.0-6.0 μ g/g wheat bran, calculates required amount of water according to the 60-90% of wheat bran quality, is used for the sodium selenite amount that fully dissolving is added; The sodium selenite lysate is evenly admixed in the wheat bran of respective quality, stirred, obtain the solid fermentation culture medium, then pack in the closed container, and in the solid fermentation culture medium, evenly keep several inoculation holes, place 121 ℃, 0.1MPa autoclaving 20min;
C. solid fermentation prepares rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder:
Under the sterile working environment, the precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid of show bacterial classification is evenly accessed in the inoculation hole of solid fermentation culture medium and media surface, the access amount of elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification is the 20-40w% of solid fermentation culture medium, sealing, be statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under the lucifuge condition, cultivated 10-14 days, cover with container to mycelia, finish to cultivate, the culture medium of mycelia is covered with in taking-up, is broken into fritter, and 55 ℃ of forced air dryings are to constant weight, and pulverized 20 mesh sieves, make rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder.
The steps A middle plateform is cultivated the wheat bran in kind of the culture medium, is that the wheat bran filtered fluid form of boiling filtration adds.
Rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder of the present invention is rich in the organism organic selenium through the edible mushroom metabolic conversion, edible fungi nutrition mycelia and granulose, mycoprotein, and through the wheat-bran dietary fiber of Degradation and Transformation; The main target parameter of product is Se content (mg/kg).
Crucial innovation of the present invention shows:
1. used edible mushroom to inorganic selenium trace element bio-transformation and to the biodegradation feature of wheat-bran fiber, excited and optimize the outer degraded of liquid spawn born of the same parents and selemium nutrition conversion metabolic capability.Not only utilized edible fungus living being to transform the metabolic characteristic of enrichment Organic Selenium, the outer biological degradation of fibers enzyme of born of the same parents, and by its physiological metabolism advantage, by adjusting liquid culture nutritine growth medium matter, cultivated step by step, excite and amplify its bacterial classification metabolic capability; With the liquid spawn form, metabolic enzyme and active material material outside its vegetative hyphae and the born of the same parents are linked in the solid medium in the lump again, take full advantage of the acting in conjunction of the outer organized enzyme of mycelia and born of the same parents, promote the Degradation and Transformation metabolic efficiency to culture matrix.
2. applying high voltage sterilization preparation wheat bran culture medium prepares inorganic selenium solution in proportion with sodium selenite, and solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is finished sterilization, selenizing, fiber finer cell wall hydrolysis preliminary treatment synchronously.Wheat bran crude fiber content high (comprising a large amount of celluloses, hemicellulose and lignin composition), the wheat bran cell membrane is inlayed and is contained abundant structural proteins; By the inorganic selenium solution preliminary treatment of certain proportion concentration, in the autoclaved while, the cell membrane fibre structure is caused in various degree hydrolysis, be conducive to improve the wheat bran soluble component, promote its bacterium Degradation and Transformation that is eaten.
3. for improving the security of product, adopted the selenium enriched oyster mushroom kind narrower to selenium secure threshold adaptability, and correspondingly determined to be conducive to the key parameter threshold values such as best wheat bran matrix inorganic selenium solution concentration that solid culture prepares rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder, amount of solution, liquid strain vaccination ways, incubation time, and dry-making method of dried.
The specific embodiment
Concrete invention operating procedure of the present invention is as follows:
1. adopt the Liquid Culture matrix of optimizing step by step wheat bran and selemium nutrition, excite the liquid spawn of optimizing the outer degraded of liquid spawn born of the same parents and selemium nutrition conversion metabolic capability.
(1) the step by step optimization of wheat bran nutrient matrix content: with wheat bran quality/fluid nutrient medium volume ratio, increase step by step the wheat bran nutrient source in the culture medium of flat board cultivation kind, level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain, adding proportion is respectively 0-1g/100mL, 1-3g/100mL, 1-5g/100mL; Dull and stereotyped wheat bran nutrition of cultivating in kind and the level liquid kind culture medium, to add by the wheat bran filtered fluid that boils in proportion filtration that (adding proportion is in the wheat bran quality, the wheat bran filtered fluid that will boil filtration adds in the culture medium raw material, water replenishes surplus), the wheat bran nutritional labeling in the secondary liquid strain culture medium is directly to add in proportion the wheat bran powder of pulverizing 20 mesh sieves to prepare the liquid strain culture medium; Progressively adapt to the optimization bacterial classification the outer Degradation and Transformation metabolic capability of the born of the same parents of wheat-bran fiber nutrition in the matrix.
(2) the step by step optimization of the selemium nutrition factor: in like manner, calculate in Se content ratio in the sodium selenite, in level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium, add step by step inorganic selenium content and be respectively 0.0～1.0 μ g/mL, 1.0～3.0 μ g/mL; Be complementary with it, in level liquid kind, the secondary liquid strain culture medium, dusty yeast content increases step by step, is respectively 0.15-0.30g/100mL, 0.2-0.5g/100mL; Progressively excite the outer metabolism of born of the same parents of bacterial classification in the fluid nutrient medium, and to the seleno-amino acids bio-transformation metabolic capability of inorganic selenium nutrition in the outer nutrient media of born of the same parents.
(3) the fluid nutrient medium preparation is cultivated with bacterial classification: except the step by step optimization preparation of (1) and (2) described wheat bran, inorganic selenium nutrient source, yeast nutrition ratio, the preparation of fluid nutrient medium is cultivated identical with inoculation step and conventional liq.The second class inoculum incubation time becomes according to culture vessel, and target is to obtain tiny equally distributed dietetic bacterial pompon to be advisable; Adopt automatic controlled fermentation tank to cultivate second class inoculum, required incubation time was advisable with 48-72 hour, and adopted full temperature shaken cultivation case and 100mL triangular flask to cultivate second-class liquid isolate, and required incubation time was advisable with 72-96 hour.
2. employing high-temperature and high-pressure technique is added 3.0-6.0 μ g sodium selenite ratio with every g wheat bran and is prepared inorganic selenium solution, and solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is finished sterilization, selenizing, fiber finer cell wall hydrolysis preliminary treatment synchronously.
(1) sterilization, selenizing, the fiber finer cell wall of solid fermentation wheat bran matrix are hydrolyzed preliminary treatment: the sodium selenite consumption is 3.0-6.0 μ g/g wheat bran, 60-90% according to the wheat bran quality adds institute's water requirement, fully dissolving, lysate is evenly admixed in the wheat bran of respective quality, and the closed container of packing into, evenly keep several inoculation holes in the wheat bran heap, then, place 121 ℃, 0.1MPa, carry out the sterilization of 20min wheat bran, selenizing and fiber finer cell wall hydrolysis preliminary treatment, transform metabolism with Organic Selenium for amino acid nutrient in order to the outer degraded of the born of the same parents that promote follow-up hypha of edible fungus.
(2) solid fermentation wheat bran matrix inoculation: under the sterile working environment, degrade the outward elegant precious mushroom secondary selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification of wheat bran and Organic Selenium nutrition conversion capability of born of the same parents will be excited, 20-40% with solid fermentation wheat bran substrates quantity, evenly be linked into inoculation hole and stromal surface that wheat bran matrix is reserved, airtight container, be statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under the lucifuge condition, cultivated 10-14 days, to the full container of mycelial growth.
3. when finishing to cultivate, take out and cover with the wheat bran matrix of mycelia, be broken into fritter, divide and place the air blast drying plant, 55 ℃ of forced air drying 12-18h to constant weight, evenly pulverized 20 orders, made the rich selenium wheat bran of elegant precious mushroom bacterium powder.
Routine techniques parameter of the present invention is as follows:
1. adopt the production of hybrid seeds and the training method of conventional edible mushroom flat board and liquid spawn.Except above-mentioned wheat bran nutrient matrix content optimize step by step with selemium nutrition factor matrix optimize step by step different, dull and stereotyped bacterium culture medium 100mL(w/v): adopt PDA or PDA enriched medium (potato 20g, glucose 2g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 g, magnesium sulfate 0.1 g, ammonium sulfate 0.1 g, VB10.01 g, agar 2 g); One-level and secondary liquid strain culture medium 100mL(w/v): corn flour 3 g, sucrose 2 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 g, magnesium sulfate 0.1 g, ammonium sulfate 0.1 g, V
B10.01 g, the pH value is nature; Liquid Spawn Culture Conditions: temperature 25 ℃ ± 0.5, rotating speed 150 ± 2r/min; Bacterial classification requires: the bacterium ball is little, quantity is many, it is dense thick to be evenly distributed.
2. adopt the conditions such as the method for operating of classical solid matter autoclave sterilization and pressure, temperature, sterilization time.
3. treat that the preliminary treatment compost is cooled to temperature≤30 ℃, under aseptic condition, the bacterium ball that shakes up second-class liquid isolate distributes, measure secondary selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification with 20-40mL/100g solid fermentation wheat bran matrix, evenly in the access compost inoculation hole, and the compost surface, especially note the bacterium ball that even distributions accesses; The sealing blake bottle, and place under 25 ℃ ± 0.5 temperature conditions, shading is left standstill and was cultivated 10-14 days.The all operations were flow process should be finished under gnotobasis fast; The access second class inoculum dense thick healthy little bacterium ball that should evenly distribute; The total moisture content of postvaccinal solid fermentation wheat bran matrix answers≤120%.
Embodiment 1:
The dull and stereotyped cultivation adopted the classical culture medium of PDA; The wheat bran that the wheat bran addition that the I and II liquid spawn optimize to be cultivated is respectively 1g/100mL boil filtered fluid and 3g/100mL pulverizing 20 order wheat bran powder, the sodium selenite consumption is respectively 0.0 μ g/mL and 3.0 μ g/mL, the dusty yeast addition all adopts 0.30g/100mL, second class inoculum fermentation tank culture 48 hours; The pretreated sodium selenite consumption of solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is 3.0 μ g/g wheat bran, and it is 90% of wheat bran consumption that sodium selenite solution prepares water consumption; The bacterial classification inoculation amount of solid culture wheat bran is 30% of wheat bran matrix, is statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under the lucifuge condition, cultivates 10 days; The rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder Se content of solid fermentation preparation is 0.90mg/kg.
Embodiment 2:
The dull and stereotyped cultivation adopts the wheat bran of PDA enriched medium and 1g/100mL to boil filtered fluid; The wheat bran that the wheat bran addition that the I and II liquid spawn optimize to be cultivated is respectively 1g/100mL boil filtered fluid and 1.0g/100mL pulverizing 20 order wheat bran powder, the sodium selenite consumption is respectively 1.0 μ g/mL and 3.0 μ g/mL, the dusty yeast addition is respectively 0.15g/100mL and 0.20g/100mL, and the second class inoculum shaking flask was cultivated 96 hours; The pretreated sodium selenite consumption of solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is 3.0 μ g/g wheat bran, and it is 90% of wheat bran consumption that sodium selenite solution prepares water consumption; The bacterial classification inoculation amount of solid culture wheat bran is 30% of wheat bran matrix, is statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under the lucifuge condition, cultivates 10 days; Adopt 55 ℃ of forced air dryings to constant weight.Its product is rich selenium wheat bran oyster mushroom powder, and the rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder Se content of solid fermentation preparation is 1.63mg/kg.
Embodiment 3:
The dull and stereotyped cultivation adopts the wheat bran of PDA enriched medium and 1g/100mL to boil filtered fluid; The wheat bran that the wheat bran addition that the I and II liquid spawn optimize to be cultivated is respectively 1g/100mL boil filtered fluid and 3g/100mL pulverizing 20 order wheat bran powder, the sodium selenite consumption is respectively 1.0 μ g/mL and 3.0 μ g/mL, and the dusty yeast addition all adopts 0.30g/100mL; The pretreated sodium selenite consumption of solid fermentation wheat bran matrix is 3.0 μ g/g wheat bran, and it is 70% of wheat bran consumption that sodium selenite solution prepares water consumption; The bacterial classification inoculation amount of solid culture wheat bran is 30% of wheat bran matrix, is statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under the lucifuge condition, cultivates 12 days; Adopt 55 ℃ of forced air dryings to constant weight.Its product is rich selenium wheat bran oyster mushroom powder, and the rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder Se content of solid fermentation preparation is 1.76mg/kg.
Claims (2)
1. utilize elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification solid fermentation to prepare the method for rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder, it is characterized in that,
The concrete steps of described method are as follows:
A. prepare elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification:
(1) the step by step optimization of wheat bran nutrient matrix: cultivate in kind, level liquid kind, the secondary liquid strain culture medium at flat board, the addition of wheat bran is respectively 0-1g/100mL, 1-3g/100mL, 1-5g/100mL; Wheat bran in the level liquid kind culture medium is that the wheat bran filtered fluid form of boiling filtration adds, and the wheat bran in the secondary liquid strain culture medium is that the wheat bran powder form of pulverizing 20 mesh sieves adds;
(2) the step by step optimization of selemium nutrition matrix: take sodium selenite as inorganic selenium source, calculate addition with the Se content ratio, in level liquid kind, secondary liquid strain culture medium, the addition of selenium is respectively 0～1.0 μ g/mL, 1.0～3.0 μ g/mL; Be complementary with it, in level liquid kind, the secondary liquid strain culture medium, add dusty yeast and be respectively 0.15-0.30g/100mL, 0.2-0.5 g/100mL;
B. prepare the solid fermentation culture medium:
The sodium selenite consumption is 3.0-6.0 μ g/g wheat bran, calculates required amount of water according to the 60-90% of wheat bran quality, is used for the sodium selenite amount that fully dissolving is added; The sodium selenite lysate is evenly admixed in the wheat bran of respective quality, stirred, obtain the solid fermentation culture medium, then pack in the closed container, and in the solid fermentation culture medium, evenly keep several inoculation holes, place 121 ℃, 0.1MPa autoclaving 20min;
C. solid fermentation prepares rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder:
Under the sterile working environment, the precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid of show bacterial classification is evenly accessed in the inoculation hole of solid fermentation culture medium and media surface, the access amount of elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification is the 20-40w% of solid fermentation culture medium, sealing, be statically placed in 25 ℃ ± 0.5, under the lucifuge condition, cultivated 10-14 days, cover with container to mycelia, finish to cultivate, the culture medium of mycelia is covered with in taking-up, is broken into fritter, and 55 ℃ of forced air dryings are to constant weight, and pulverized 20 mesh sieves, make rich selenium wheat bran edible fungi nutrition powder.
2. the elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriched liquid bacterial classification solid fermentation of utilization according to claim 1 prepares the method for rich selenium wheat bran bacterium powder, it is characterized in that, the steps A middle plateform is cultivated the wheat bran in kind of the culture medium, is that the wheat bran filtered fluid form of boiling filtration adds; The quantity in inoculation hole and spacing are take the culture vessel area as reference, liquid spawn evenly can be accessed and is distributed in the culture medium as target among the step B.
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| CN115669853A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-02-03 | 无锡赞匠生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing fermented oat bran powder by using edible fungus fermented wet oat bran waste residues |
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