CN102976811A - Special foliar fertilizer for cold resistance of peanuts, and application method thereof - Google Patents
Special foliar fertilizer for cold resistance of peanuts, and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102976811A CN102976811A CN2012100419317A CN201210041931A CN102976811A CN 102976811 A CN102976811 A CN 102976811A CN 2012100419317 A CN2012100419317 A CN 2012100419317A CN 201210041931 A CN201210041931 A CN 201210041931A CN 102976811 A CN102976811 A CN 102976811A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an agricultural fertilizer, particularly to a special foliar fertilizer for cold resistance of peanuts, and a special foliar fertilizer spraying method. The peanut foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: 0.2 kg of calcium nitrate, 0.4-0.6 kg of ordinary white sugar, 0.15-0.3 kg of glucose, and 100 kg of distilled water, wherein the raw materials are uniformly mixed to form the foliar fertilizer spraying liquid. The foliar fertilizer spraying method comprises that: a first foliar fertilizer is sprayed at a beginning stage of a peanut seedling stage, wherein the beginning stage of the peanut seedling stage is the time 3-6 days after seedling emergence, and the first foliar fertilizer appropriately comprises 0.2 kg of calcium nitrate, 0.6 kg of ordinary white sugar, 0.3 kg of glucose, and 100 kg of distilled water; during the next growth stage having a period of 1-7 weeks (seedling stage-pegging stage), a second foliar fertilizer, a third foliar fertilizer, a fourth foliar fertilizer and the like are sprayed 1-2 days before wretched weathers (cold current, late spring coldness, cold dew wind and other weathers) approach, wherein continuous spraying inappropriately exceeds more than 5 times, and spraying is performed before 9:00 on sunny day or after 15:30. The foliar fertilizer has advantages of simple method, easy operation, low cost, significant effect and the like, and can be widely used in peanut production.
Description
Technical field
A kind of agricultural fertilizer that the present invention relates to relates in particular to a method of cultivating peanut cold-resistant special-purpose foliage fertilizer material and spraying this kind fertilizer.
Background technology
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is the happiness temperature crop that originates from South America torrid areas, also is the important oil plant in the world and cash crop, especially important food protein source and food plant oil sources.Low temperature is one of main environment factor of restriction peanut regional distribution and production, damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature problem frequent occurrence on peanut in the global range, and in China especially with high Latitude area territory, northeast, southwestern high altitude localities for very, call on often in the Yangtze valley " cold spell in later spring ", South China " autumn damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature ", areas, Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces " cold dew wind " simultaneously, damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the generation frequency significantly increases, and chilling injury has become one of bottleneck of restriction peanut industry sustainable health development.
Low temperature is many-sided on the impact of cold sensitivity (or happiness temperature) plant physiology metabolism, and wherein photosynthesis is one of process that at first is affected, and also is simultaneously the metabolic process the most responsive to low temperature.
Ca
2+As one of essential element of plant nutrition, be not only a kind of structural material of vegetable cell, and as the second messenger of physiological response in coupling extracellular signal and the born of the same parents, can keep the stability of cell walls, cytolemma and membranin, plant grow and Response to differnt climates in play important effect, the biochemical reactions in wide participation and the regulating plant body.Peanut is happiness calcium crop, and middle amount nutritive element---calcium is to be only second to nitrogen second largest nutritive element afterwards in peanut plant nutrition, and the calcium that many high-yield variety peanuts absorb in life far surpasses phosphorus and the potassium in the major fertilizer elements.The cold-resistant calcium technology that increases is used some crops such as paddy rice, tomato and tobaccos, but has no report at peanut.This seminar early-stage Study is verified, and 1. calcium can increase the content of the osmotic adjustments such as blade proline(Pro); 2. thereby calcareous fertilisers pre-treatment peanut seedling can be alleviated low temperature stress to the photosynthetic impact of peanut leaf by effectively keeping stomatal conductance; 3. calmodulin (Ca
2+-modulin) as calcareous fertilisers (Ca
2+) acceptor, it is extenuated cold coercing in the restriction peanut photosynthetic trophic signals conducting system at the calcium element and plays an important role.
The fertilising of leaf section has following characteristics: 1. plant recovery of nutrient is high, and it is fast to absorb running, can in time satisfy the peanut needs; 2. under cold (perhaps inferior optimal temperature) condition, the soil nutrient availability rapid drawdown can in time replenish nutrient by the fertilising of leaf section; 3. it is low to solve peanut seedling phase improving activity of root system, the awkward situation that nutrition absorption is restricted.
Summary of the invention
Technique effect of the present invention can overcome that Seedling Stage damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature serious problem in the above-mentioned peanut production, and the cold-resistant special-purpose foliage fertilizer of cultivating peanut is provided, and it is with low cost, the short long obvious effect of increasing production of combating a natural disaster to keep a full stand of seedings.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme, its foliage fertilizer carries out proportioning according to following ratio: the common white sugar of 0.2kg nitrocalcite, 0.4-0.6kg, the glucose of 0.15-0.3kg, the distilled water of 100kg, above-mentioned raw materials is uniformly mixed to form Foliar Spraying liquid.
For solving foliage fertilizer short problem of remaining time on blade, make tamanori with common white sugar and glucose, and they can play the reduction calcium constituent to the effect of burning of Peanut Leaflet.Simultaneously, these sugar can be induced and be improved peanut leaf raffinose series Oligosaccharides Metabolism level, promote the mesophyll cell of Arachis hypogaea metabolism to produce a series of osmoregulation materials such as more raffinose, stachyose and sucrose, these carbohydrates are conducive to improve the cold tolerance of peanut seedling.
Peanut leaf photosynthesis has " lunch break " phenomenon, Stoma of Leaves is in closure state at noon, before at 9 in the morning and be wide-open after 3 thirty of afternoon, this time field humidity is also larger, and it is more suitable that spray the cold-resistant special-purpose foliage fertilizer of peanut this moment, and blade is large to sorption capacity, conduction of velocity is fast, can induce rapidly the cold-resistant relevant physiological metabolism of peanut, improve peanut and resist cold ability, thereby realize combating a natural disaster to keep a full stand of seedings the short long effect of increasing production.
Every mu of peanut uses the Foliar Spraying liquid of 12-16kg.
Another object of the present invention is to adopt the spraying method of above-mentioned foliage fertilizer, and its method is for spraying for the first time foliage fertilizer (being advisable with 0.2kg nitrocalcite, the common white sugar of 0.6kg, 0.3kg glucose, 100kg distilled water for the first time) in 3-6 days after namely emerging in the initial stage of peanut seedling phase; In the growth phase (Seedling Stage～lower pin phase) in after this 1-7 week before severe weather (such as weather such as cold current, cold spell in later spring, cold dew winds) arrives 1-2 days spray for the second time, for the third time, the 4th inferior, spraying continuously should not be above 5 time.
The present invention can not change existing peanut production status, cropping pattern and working condition, peanut varieties is not done particular requirement, in the production peanut varieties of plantation all can, before cold severe weather of early spring or late fall (4-8 ℃) arrives, sprayed the cold-resistant professional foliage fertilizer of peanut in 1-2 days.The cold-resistant special-purpose foliage fertilizer of peanut carried out continuous cold is coerced potted plant simulation test and demonstration is sowed in the land for growing field crops in advance, the result shows that all using this cold-resistant special-purpose foliage fertilizer of cultivating peanut can effectively extenuate between night and daytime low temperature to the photosynthetic disadvantageous effect of peanut leaf.Simultaneously, obviously accelerate the slow seedling process after disaster-stricken peanut seedling is coerced, significantly shorten the recovery growth time of peanut seedling.In the situation of not filling the gaps with seedlings, can make finally that peanut is kept a full stand of seedings, seedling is neat, the florescence is consistent, effect of increasing production can reach more than 15%.
The latter sprays foliage fertilizer after 3 thirty of afternoon before at 9 in morning of fine day.Every mu of peanut uses the foliage fertilizer of 12-16kg, and Foliar Spraying is in the peanut blade face.
The cold-resistant special-purpose foliage fertilizer of peanut of the present invention has the advantages such as method is simple, easy and simple to handle, with low cost, successful, can be widely used in peanut production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. nitrocalcite is processed the impact on the peanut leaf Net Photosynthetic Rate
Fig. 2. nitrocalcite is processed the impact on the peanut leaf stomatal conductance
Embodiment
Carry out in the controlled environment chamber plot experiment, comprise and use concentration test, time of application test.Summing up on the basis of plot experiment, carrying out field early sowing demonstration, application concentration, the time determined are being verified, summing up and determine operation technique.
Embodiment 1, the test of application concentration
Peanut varieties is rich spending No. 2, and early maturing variety is sowed in spring 128 days breeding times.Respectively process and all adopt potted plant earth culture test (tool bottom outlet cultivation plastic tub R*H=20*26cm), every basin one strain, unified watering guaranteed unanimously.Potted plant soil nutrient background concentration is alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 109.85mgkg
-1, rapid available phosphorus 47.25mgkg
-1, available potassium 95.16mgkg
-1, full calcium 7360.46mgkg
-1
Night the low temperature stress Processing Test: growth cabinet temperature, humidity, photo-irradiation treatment mode are night (6 ± 2 ℃ of low temperature, 60%, 0 μ molm-2s-1), between daytime (25 ± 2 ℃ of thermophilics, 60%, 1000 μ molm-2s-1), CO2 concentration is (400 ± 50) μ molmol-1 in the culturing room.The non-controlled trial of coercing: growth cabinet temperature, humidity, photo-irradiation treatment mode are night (18 ± 2 ℃ of thermophilics, 60%, 0 μ molm-2s-1), between daytime (25 ± 2 ℃ of thermophilics, 60%, 1000 μ molm-2s-1), CO2 concentration is (400 ± 50) μ molmol-1 in the culturing room.
Different nitrocalcite concentration are to the cold photosynthetic study on regulation of lower peanut seedling of coercing at night: in night cold Stress treatment a few days ago (every day pm 4:00 each once, twice totally) process.Establish altogether 5 processing: (1) 0.4g nitrocalcite, the common white sugar of 2g, 0.9g glucose; (2) 0.8g nitrocalcite, the common white sugar of 2g, 0.9g glucose; (3) 1.2g nitrocalcite, the common white sugar of 2g, 0.9g glucose; (4) 0g nitrocalcite, the common white sugar of 2g, 0.9g glucose; (5) spray clear water contrast; Each processing is dissolved with distilled water 400g.5 process to be repeated 3 times, totally 15 experimental plots, random alignment.(1) one (5) symbol of processing is respectively Ca0.4, Ca0.8, Ca1.2, Ca0, CK.By test, determine regulation and control (with to the photosynthetic standard that the is regulated to) best results of 0.8g nitrocalcite, the common white sugar of 2g, 0.9g glucose.
Embodiment 2, Applicative time and demonstration test
Peanut varieties is rich spending No. 2, and early maturing variety is sowed in spring 128 days breeding times.Test site: Dongling District Hun River station, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province township peanut model field.Field management is with other conventional cultivations.Sowing time is April 20 ahead of time, and September 3 gathered in the crops.Establish altogether 3 processing: (1) 8-9 in morning point; (2) noon the 12-13 point; (3) 15 thirty-16 thirty of afternoon.Each processes residential quarter area 30m
2, peanut adopts 90 centimetres of large row spacing duplicate rows, 30 centimetres of line-spacings, and 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, the residential quarter is wide 4.5 meters, adopts random alignment.By test, spray the cold-resistant special-purpose foliage fertilizer best results of peanut before determining to select the morning 9 or after 3 thirty of afternoon.
The demonstration test place: Tieling County, Tieling, Liaoning Province Yao Bao town Peanut Fields, the sowing time is April 15 ahead of time, September 15 gathered in the crops.Establish altogether 2 demonstration areas: (1) uses the cold-resistant special-purpose foliage fertilizer of peanut district; (2) check plot.Each processes residential quarter area 667m
2Spray for the first time foliage fertilizer 12kg (the degeneration-resistant fertilizer of inducing) after namely emerging in the initial stage of peanut seedling phase a week (on May 5th, 1); Severe weather in the middle of peanut is after this grown each period (6 ± 2 ℃ of low temperature, northwest wind＞4 grade) (on May 14th, 2011, May 15) sprays before arriving, each every mu with 16kg blade face solution (the synergy fertilizer of keeping a full stand of seedings).Before 9 of severe weather arriving afternoons before that day or spray in peanut seedling after 3 thirty of afternoon, peanut is kept a full stand of seedings, seedling is neat, the florescence is consistent, effect of increasing production can reach more than 15%.
Claims (6)
1. foliage fertilizer that improves the peanut resistance to cold, it is characterized in that, foliage fertilizer carries out proportioning according to following ratio: the common white sugar of 0.2kg nitrocalcite, 0.4-0.6kg, the glucose of 0.15-0.3kg, the distilled water of 100kg, above-mentioned raw materials is uniformly mixed to form Foliar Spraying liquid.
2. the cold-resistant special-purpose foliage fertilizer of peanut according to claim 1 is characterized in that, every mu of peanut is used the foliage fertilizer of 12-16kg at every turn.
3. the spraying method of foliage fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, sprayed for the first time foliage fertilizer (being advisable with 0.2kg nitrocalcite, the common white sugar of 0.6kg, 0.3kg glucose, 100kg distilled water for the first time) after namely emerging in the initial stage of peanut seedling phase in 3-6 days; In the growth phase (Seedling Stage～lower pin phase) in after this 1-7 week before severe weather (such as weather such as cold current, cold spell in later spring, cold dew winds) arrives 1-2 days spray for the second time, for the third time, the 4th inferior, spraying continuously should not be above 5 time.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, (different areas can suitably be adjusted according to practical situation) sprays the Folium Arachidis hypogaeae leaven before 9 of the fine morning or after 3 thirty of afternoon.
5. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, every mu of peanut uses the foliage fertilizer of 12-16kg.
6. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, foliage fertilizer evenly sprays in the peanut blade face.
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| CN201210041931.7A CN102976811B (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2012-02-23 | Special foliar fertilizer for cold resistance of peanuts, and application method thereof |
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| CN201210041931.7A CN102976811B (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2012-02-23 | Special foliar fertilizer for cold resistance of peanuts, and application method thereof |
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| CN102976811B CN102976811B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103524155A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-22 | 王淑兰 | Organic nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN104813830A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-08-05 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Low-temperature-resisting high-yield and high-efficiency peanut cultivation method |
| CN105669294A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-15 | 全椒县豫花花生专业合作社 | Technical method for high-effectively increasing yield of peanuts through chemical control |
| CN106748350A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-05-31 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of multifunctional peanut foliar fertilizer and its application process |
| CN108401711A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-08-17 | 沈阳农业大学 | The medicament and application method of tomato stomatal aperture are adjusted under a kind of cryogenic conditions |
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| CN1224704A (en) * | 1998-09-14 | 1999-08-04 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Multifunctional biological special peanut fertilizer and its production |
| CN1255469A (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2000-06-07 | 张冠军 | Compound biochemical-organic fertilizer and its preparing process |
| JP4544535B2 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2010-09-15 | 株式会社ハヤセ | Fertilizer manufacturing method |
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- 2012-02-23 CN CN201210041931.7A patent/CN102976811B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
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| CN1255469A (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2000-06-07 | 张冠军 | Compound biochemical-organic fertilizer and its preparing process |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103524155A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-22 | 王淑兰 | Organic nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN103524155B (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-06-17 | 王淑兰 | Organic nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN104813830A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-08-05 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Low-temperature-resisting high-yield and high-efficiency peanut cultivation method |
| CN105669294A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-15 | 全椒县豫花花生专业合作社 | Technical method for high-effectively increasing yield of peanuts through chemical control |
| CN106748350A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-05-31 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of multifunctional peanut foliar fertilizer and its application process |
| CN108401711A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-08-17 | 沈阳农业大学 | The medicament and application method of tomato stomatal aperture are adjusted under a kind of cryogenic conditions |
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| CN102976811B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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