CN103931452B - A kind of fibert high-yield cultivating method - Google Patents
A kind of fibert high-yield cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103931452B CN103931452B CN201310024395.4A CN201310024395A CN103931452B CN 103931452 B CN103931452 B CN 103931452B CN 201310024395 A CN201310024395 A CN 201310024395A CN 103931452 B CN103931452 B CN 103931452B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fibert high-yield cultivating method, specifically a kind of new culture technique that can promote fibert high yield.This cultivation method adopts artificial supplementary pollination the flowering stage of fibert; Foliage fertilizer is enriched in receptive period; S-abscisic acid is sprayed in fruit influx time; Chlormequat is sprayed in root turion peak period; In conjunction with pest control technology, improve the yield level of fibert.After the method process described in the application, kernel quality is good, and wormed fruit rate declines, the output increased of fibert.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fibert high-yield cultivating method, specifically a kind of new culture technique that can promote fibert high yield.
Background technology
Corylus in corylaceae (
corylacea), Corylus (
corylusl.) plant is woody grain and oil plant seeds, one of large nut (almond, walnut, fibert, cashew nut) in the Ye Shi world four.The culture and utility of fibert is worth very high, and it is rich in several mineral materials and vitamin, and also containing oleic acid, linoleic acid in hazelnut oil, fibert nature and flavor are sweet flat, have and strengthen the spleen and stomach, and nourish qi and blood, the effects such as improving eyesight.Normal food fibert has appetizing, step-down, anticancer, the effect of promoting longevity, improving looks, keeping healthy.Now, fibert edible, health care, medical in extensively utilized.The suitable development fibert cultivating and growing of suiting measures to local conditions in the Northeast of China for development of special economy, increasing farmers' income has important practical significance.Flat hazel (
corylusheterophylla) because of its cold resistance splendid, distribution is wide, aboundresources, strong adaptability, and unique taste of fruit is very popular.But low yield, low income problem are quite extensive, and become increasingly conspicuous, and seriously hinder the sustainable development of northeast fibert industry.Application fibert high-yield culture technique is for its yield level of raising, and promoting fibert industry to develop in a healthy way has important using value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of and make the fibert high-yield cultivating method that the kernel quality of fibert is good, wormed fruit rate is low, output is high.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this,
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. the present invention is that the high-yield planting of fibert provides new direction, in the application not to fibert plantation soil, cultivate method and plant matter etc. and limit, but select the fibert that present natural environment grows, by meticulous horticultural gardening technical measures increasing both production and income.
2. after the method process described in the application, kernel quality is good, and wormed fruit rate declines, the output increased of fibert.
Embodiment
The present invention mainly provides a kind of fibert high-yield cultivating method, and this technology is through experimental examination, respond well.Artificial supplementary pollination is adopted the flowering stage of fibert; Foliage fertilizer is enriched in receptive period; S-abscisic acid is sprayed in fruit influx time; Chlormequat is sprayed in root turion peak period; In conjunction with pest control technology, improve the yield level of fibert.
The method comprises:
1. fibert adopts the mode of artificial supplementary pollination to improve the fruit-setting rate of fibert flowering stage.I.e. before fibert is bloomed about 20 days (17-23 days), March 28, to April 2, gathered fibert male flower branch and takes back indoor, indoor temperature is not less than 20 DEG C, preferred 20-25 DEG C, is inserted branch bottom in clear water, carry out flower forcing process, after male flower loose powder, collect pollen and put 4 DEG C of refrigerator cold-storages; Then in fibert full-bloom stage, i.e. 15 to 25 April, the pollen of collection and starch are carried out supplementary pollination process with the ratio dry powder nebulizers of 1:5 to female inflorescence;
2. pest control is carried out.Hazelnut curculionid is one of primary pest of harm fibert fruit, pest control is carried out between May 10 to May 25, 60%D-M mixture (Huludao City reach the clouds pesticide chemical Co., Ltd of group) and the super wetting liquor of DowCorningQ2-5211 (Gutian, Nanjing Chemical Co., Ltd.) is utilized to be dissolved in water preparation insecticide, in insecticide, the concentration of D-M mixture is 0.12%-0.2%, the concentration of the super wetting liquor of DowCorningQ2-5211 is 0.001% ~ 0.002%, process is sprayed to complete stool, 7 ~ 10 days intervals, coprocessing 2 times, to control the harm of larva to fibert fruit.Sprayed dose drips for standard with blade.
3. fibert receptive period, carries out foliage spray and promotes that fruit enriches.Fibert also exists and significantly postpones insemination phenomenon, and female flower to complete fertilization be the prerequisite that fibert kind benevolence is enriched.Namely in the receptive period (Sheng spends latter 60 days) of fibert, be i.e. 15 to 25 June, select the morning of fine day or at dusk foliage fertilizer sprayed to fibert complete stool.Its concrete steps are for be dissolved in clear water by boric acid, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the concentration of last foliage fertilizer is 0.2% ~ 0.4% boric acid, 0.3% ~ 0.6% urea and 0.3% ~ 0.6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, in fine day morning or at dusk complete stool spray, sprayed dose drips for standard with blade.
4. the growing way of fibert root turion is suppressed.The root turion that tree body base portion grows is removed in not timing, and in the peak period of root turion growth, i.e. early July (July 1 was to July 10), adopt 0.2% ~ 0.3% chlormequat CCC(Zhengzhou agriculture to reach biochemical group company to tree body base portion) the aqueous solution spray process, outwards drip for degree to set external skin, to control root turion growing way, promote three-dimensional result;
5. spray S-abscisic acid in the influx time (after Sheng is spent 80 ~ 90 days, plant benevolence in shell and increasing gradually) of fibert fruit and promote that kind of benevolence is enriched.Namely between July 10 to July 20, adopt the S-abscisic acid (LongMang Fusheng Technology Co., Ltd, Sichuan) of 0.006% ~ 0.01% to carry out spraying process twice to fruit bunch, promote that assimilation products is to the transhipment in fruit, to improve fibert kind benevolence weight;
Above-mentioned fibert high-yield cultivating method is applicable to any fibert kind, comprises the fibert of wild and cultivated, as flat hazel, flat Europe hybridization hazel new varieties Bell's, beautiful pendant, flat-top Huang etc.
embodiment 1:
Test and carried out in 2011.With the flat hazel of Shanmen, Siping, Jilin Province town artificial cultivation (
corylusheterophyllafisch) be examination material.Age of tree life in 10 years, plant height 1.8 ~ 2.5m, seeding row spacing is about 2m × 3m.In area, Siping, the flat hazel kind matter in this test, about the opening simultaneously of male and female inflorescence in about 20 days April, starts to enter ripe picking time on August about 20.
The April 1 of 2011, gather the branch with male inflorescence, flower forcing process is carried out in the indoor of putting 22 DEG C, and collects pollen and refrigerate in cold compartment of refrigerator; Then April 20, the pollen of collection and starch dry powder nebulizers are carried out supplementary pollination process, wherein the ratio of pollen and starch is 1:5;
The May 21 of 2011, adopting in insecticide that D-M concentration is the super fountain solution agent concentration of 0.15%DowCorningQ2-5211 was 0.001%, carried out first time and sprayed process, dripping for spending, after 10 days intervals, carrying out second time and spraying process with blade complete stool;
Morning June 15 of 2011, spray foliage fertilizer 1 time.In foliage fertilizer containing the urea of 0.4%, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.4% and 0.3% boric acid, in morning complete stool spray, with blade drip for degree;
The annual root turion removed hazel at any time and newly sprout, and the July 6 of 2011, the chlormequat CCC of 0.2% is sprayed to control root turion growth to tree body base portion, promotes three-dimensional result;
The July 10 of 2011 and July 17, adopt the S-abscisic acid of 0.01% to spray process to fruit bunch, promote that nutriment is transported to fruit, to improve fibert kind benevolence weight.
Result fibert per unit area yield improves more than 100% than wild Zhen Yuan, and wormed fruit rate also reduces to 11.4% of test region by contrast 63.7%, and concrete outcome sees the following form 1.
Table 1
Note: in same column, same letter represents that Deng Kenshi duncan's new multiple range method inspection difference in 0.05 level is not remarkable.Percentage data carries out significance analysis after arcsine conversion.Lower same.
embodiment 2:
Test and carried out 2 years in 2011 and 2012.With the wild hazel coppice in Ye He town, Tiedong District, inthe Shanmen area, Siping, Jilin province city for examination material.The flat hazel kind matter used in this research, about the opening simultaneously of male and female inflorescence in about 25 days April, starts to enter ripe picking time on August about 30.
1 ~ April 10 April of 2011, branch of selecting and remain many, the hazel of plant height 1.5 ~ 2.0m, remove root turion seedling and other seedling of its periphery, keep hazel row seeding row spacing to be about 1.5m × 2.0m.
The March 28 of 2011 and 2012, flower forcing process is carried out in the indoor of the branch collection to 25 DEG C with male flower, and collect pollen and refrigerate in cold compartment of refrigerator; Then April 25, the pollen of collection and starch dry powder nebulizers are carried out supplementary pollination process, wherein the ratio of pollen and starch is 1:5.
Insect-prevention treatment is carried out afternoon May 15 of 2011 and 2012.The D-M concentration adopted in insecticide is 0.2%, the concentration of the super wetting liquor of DowCorningQ2-5211 (Gutian, Nanjing Chemical Co., Ltd.) is 0.002%, carries out first time spray process to complete stool, drips for degree with blade, after 10 days intervals, carry out second time and spray process.
Morning June 15 of 2011 and 2012, spray foliage fertilizer 1-2 time.Foliage fertilizer containing the urea of 0.5%, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.5% and 0.35% boric acid, carry out complete stool and spray process, with blade drip for degree.
The annual root turion removed hazel at any time and newly sprout.And the July 10 of 2011 and 2012,0.3% chlormequat CCC is sprayed to control the growth of fibert root turion to hazel tree body rhizome base portion.
July in 2011 and 2,012 16, the S-abscisic acid of 0.008% is adopted to spray process to fruit race, to improve fibert kind benevolence weight.
Hazel garden per unit area yield significantly improves, and hazel garden fruit character of fruitage is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
These 5 steps are all conducive to the growth of ultimate output.Be used alone effective, any combination gets up result of use better, adopts these 5 step effects best simultaneously.Wherein, step 1 is mainly used in improving fruit-setting rate; Step 5 is mainly used in the control of insect pest; Step 2,3 Main Functions are and promote enriching of kind of benevolence, and step 4 is conducive to suppressing root turion growth, is conducive to nutriment and transports to fruit;
By embodiment, the fibert high-yield cultivating method described in the application is further described above, but be to be understood that, embodiment is just to explanation and the illustration of the application, instead of the restriction to the application's method, those skilled in the art can on the basis of the application, to the method for the application and step wherein or parameter
Carry out changing or modifying.
Claims (4)
1. a fibert high-yield cultivating method, in fibert process of growth, the root turion that tree body grows is removed in not timing, and the peak period of body root turion growth was set July 1 to July 10, adopt concentration be 0.2% ~ 0.3% the chlormequat aqueous solution process is sprayed to tree body base portion, drip for degree downwards to set external skin; In the receptive period of fibert, select the morning of fine day or spray foliage fertilizer to fibert complete stool at dusk, drip for degree with blade, described foliage fertilizer is containing 0.2 ~ 0.4% boric acid, 0.3 ~ 0.6% urea and 0.3 ~ 0.6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Between May 10 to May 25, insecticide is carried out to complete stool and sprays process, drip for degree with blade, 7 ~ 10 days, interval, then spray once, spray twice altogether; In described insecticide, the concentration of D-M mixture is the concentration of the super wetting liquor of 0.12%-0.2%, DowCorningQ2-5211 is 0.001% ~ 0.002%; It is characterized in that: at the influx time of fibert fruit, adopt the S-abscisic acid of 0.006 ~ 0.01% to carry out spraying process twice to fruit bunch, spraying the time interval for twice is one week, and sprayed dose drips for degree with blade.
2. a kind of fibert high-yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt the mode of artificial supplementary pollination to improve the fruit-setting rate of fibert flowering stage at fibert, concrete way: 17-23 days before fibert is bloomed, gather fibert male flower branch and take back indoor, indoor temperature is not less than 20 DEG C, branch bottom is inserted in clear water, carry out flower forcing process, after male flower loose powder, collect pollen and put 4 DEG C of refrigerator cold-storages, then in fibert full-bloom stage, the pollen of collection and starch 1:5 dry powder nebulizers are carried out supplementary pollination process to female inflorescence.
3. a kind of fibert high-yield cultivating method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: concrete steps are as follows:
First, the mode of artificial supplementary pollination is adopted to improve the fruit-setting rate of fibert flowering stage at fibert, concrete way: 17-23 days before fibert is bloomed, gather fibert male flower branch and take back indoor, indoor temperature 20-25 DEG C, branch bottom is inserted in clear water, carry out flower forcing process, after male flower loose powder, collect pollen and put 4 DEG C of refrigerator cold-storages, then in fibert full-bloom stage, the pollen of collection and starch 1:5 dry powder nebulizers are carried out supplementary pollination process to female inflorescence;
Secondly, May 10 to May 25, insecticide is adopted to spray process to complete stool, drip for degree with blade, 10 days, interval, then spray once, spray twice altogether, to control the harm of larva to fibert fruit, in insecticide, the concentration of D-M mixture is the concentration of the super wetting liquor of 0.12%-0.2%, DowCorningQ2-5211 is 0.001% ~ 0.002%;
Again, in the receptive period of fibert, select spray foliage fertilizer to fibert complete stool the morning of fine day, drip for degree with blade, described foliage fertilizer is containing 0.2-0.4% boric acid, 0.3-0.6% urea and 0.3-0.6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
Again, in fibert process of growth, the root turion that tree body grows is removed in not timing, and the peak period of body root turion growth was set July 1 to July 10, employing concentration is that the chlormequat aqueous solution of 0.2-0.3% sprays process to tree body base portion, drips for degree downwards to set external skin;
Finally, the influx time of fibert fruit, adopts the S-abscisic acid of 0.006-0.01% to carry out spraying process twice to fruit bunch, drips for degree, spray interval for twice one week with blade.
4. a kind of fibert high-yield cultivating method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: optimization procedure is as follows:
First, adopt the mode of artificial supplementary pollination to improve the fruit-setting rate of fibert, concrete way flowering stage at fibert: before fibert is bloomed 20 days, gather fibert male flower branch and take back indoor, indoor temperature 20 DEG C, branch bottom is inserted in clear water, carries out flower forcing process, after male flower loose powder, collect pollen and put 4 DEG C of refrigerator cold-storages, then in fibert full-bloom stage, April 20, the pollen of collection and starch 1:5 dry powder nebulizers are carried out supplementary pollination process to female inflorescence;
Secondly, May 15, insecticide is adopted to spray process to complete stool, drip for degree with blade, 10 days, interval, then spray once, spray twice altogether, to control the harm of larva to fibert fruit, in insecticide, the concentration of D-M mixture is the concentration of the super wetting liquor of 0.15%, DowCorningQ2-5211 is 0.001%;
Again, June 20, select spray foliage fertilizer to fibert complete stool the morning of fine day, drip for degree with blade, described foliage fertilizer is containing 0.3% boric acid, 0.4% urea and 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
Again, in fibert process of growth, the root turion that grows of tree body is removed in not timing, and in the peak period of tree body root turion growth on July 5, adopt concentration be 0.2% the chlormequat aqueous solution process is sprayed to tree body base portion, drip for degree downwards to set external skin;
Finally, July 20, adopt the S-abscisic acid of 0.01% to carry out respectively spraying process twice to fruit bunch, drip for degree with blade.
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| CN105165521A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-23 | 临沂真源观光农业科技有限公司 | Corylus heterophylla highyield cultivation method |
| CN105123225A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-09 | 临沂真源观光农业科技有限公司 | Method for raising seedlings of hybrid hazelnuts by cutting |
| CN105918063B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2018-09-18 | 王立芹 | A kind of interplanting method of flat Europe hybrid hazel and peanut and the coptis |
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| RU2058714C1 (en) * | 1993-03-01 | 1996-04-27 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт цветоводства и субтропических культур | Filbert plantings growing method |
| CN101647379A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-02-17 | 淄博淄川春萌文冠果专业合作社 | Method for planting big-fruit filbert fruit trees |
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