CN102947132B - 轨道车辆应急照明 - Google Patents

轨道车辆应急照明 Download PDF

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CN102947132B
CN102947132B CN201180030866.1A CN201180030866A CN102947132B CN 102947132 B CN102947132 B CN 102947132B CN 201180030866 A CN201180030866 A CN 201180030866A CN 102947132 B CN102947132 B CN 102947132B
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lighting
intensity
emergency lighting
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key lighting
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CN102947132A (zh
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A.安布罗茨
K.乌尔赖希
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Siemens Mobility Austria GmbH
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Siemens AG Oesterreich
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/40—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors specially adapted for specific vehicle types
    • B60Q3/41—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors specially adapted for specific vehicle types for mass transit vehicles, e.g. buses
    • B60Q3/46—Emergency lighting, e.g. for escape routes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/80—Circuits; Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D29/00—Lighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/02—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which an auxiliary distribution system and its associated lamps are brought into service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B44/00—Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Arrangements Of Lighting Devices For Vehicle Interiors, Mounting And Supporting Thereof, Circuits Therefore (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)

Abstract

用于轨道车辆的轨道车辆应急照明，具有由发光二极管组成的主照明，其中在主照明能量供应（HL）活跃时，主照明的所有发光器材以主照明强度（HLS）发光，并且在缺少主照明能量供应（HL）时，主照明的所有发光器材以应急照明强度（NLS）发光。

Description

轨道车辆应急照明
技术领域
本发明涉及一种轨道车辆应急照明。
背景技术
客运轨道车辆装备有允许乘客在车辆中定向的电应急照明。这些应急照明通常由为此设置的蓄电池来馈电，并且在没有外部能量供应可使用的情况下给车辆的内部空间照明。在此，将主照明的各个选出的灯用作为应急照明，所述选出的灯由应急电路馈电并且因此即使当由主电源馈电的灯熄灭时，所述选出的灯也保持运行。在客运轨道车辆中，通常有20%至30%的灯由应急电路馈电。在此所采用的发光器材通常是荧光灯或白炽灯泡。这些所述的发光器材经由大的表面输出光，并且因此不会导致眩目作用。在作为应急照明的其中只有一部分灯在运行的运行状态下，通常对于乘客也不产生眩目作用。该眩目作用应根据适用于客运轨道车辆的标准EN13272被限制到特定值上。由于高的寿命和能效，近来将发光二极管（LED）优选用作为发光器材。这些LED具有允许它们显示出特别有利地适合采用在轨道车辆中的特性。除了寿命和能效之外，LED具有非常高的稳固性并且只要求非常小的结构空间。LED的高的能效还表现在微小的放热和因此简化的安装方面。但是，LED不能直接连接到轨道车辆的电源上，而是需要提供所需要的（微小的）运行电压的电子前置设备。但是，LED发光器材的微小尺寸决定了可能导致眩目作用的高的发光密度。然而，在应急照明运行中只有一部分灯保持运行的应急照明的常用实施方案在采用LED时导致不可接受的眩目作用。
发明内容
本发明所基于的任务因此在于，说明一种在采用LED作为发光器材时也使得对于乘客的眩目作用最小化的轨道车辆应急照明。
通过一种轨道车辆应急照明来解决该任务。用于轨道车辆的轨道车辆应急照明具有由发光二极管组成的主照明。在主照明能量供应活跃时，主照明的所有发光器材以主照明强度发光，并且在缺少主照明能量供应时，主照明的所有发光器材以应急照明强度发光，并且设置前置设备，该前置设备提供运行发光器材所需要的运行电压并且与主照明能量供应的存在有关地控制在主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的发光器材的照明强度，并且其中在主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的照明强度的过渡能自由设计。
按照本发明的基本思想，轨道车辆乘客车箱照明的所有的LED发光器材被用作为应急照明并且由不同的应急照明回路供电。相同的灯或发光器材既被采用为主照明，也被采用为应急照明。在应急照明的运行方式中，所有的也被采用于主照明的发光器材保持运行，但是其照明强度降低。
因此可以达到以下的优点，即在采用LED作为发光器材的情况下，可以建立无眩目的轨道车辆应急照明。具体的本发明实现了，当切换到应急照明时，轨道车辆中的相对的光分布不被改变地保持原状。因此对于乘客确保了空间的定向，而能够不出现眩目作用。
本发明的另一优点是，可以自由设计在主照明和应急照明之间的照明强度的过渡。照明强度的在时间上有延迟的降低、从主照明强度到应急照明强度的无级的过渡或时间上逐渐的多级的过渡尤其是有利的。
由于为了运行LED需要特别是将轨道车辆常见的车载电压降低到LED运行电压的电子前置设备，可以将降低照明强度所需要的电子电路技术集成到该前置设备中。
另外有利的是，轨道车辆乘客车箱照明的能源供应取自应急电源，并且主电源被作为控制信号引向电子前置设备。因此确保了可以进行可靠的应急照明运行，因为整个照明的能源供应总是由恒定存在的应急电源来进行。在（利用有效的主电源的）正常运行中，连续地对应急电源的蓄电池充电，使得该蓄电池不会由于主照明的能源获取而放电。
附图说明
图1示例性地示出轨道车辆乘客车箱照明的原理电路图。
图2示例性地示出具有本发明应急照明的轨道车辆乘客车箱照明的原理电路图。
图3示例性地示出在主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的时间上的过渡——立即的过渡。
图4示例性地示出主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的时间上的过渡——无级的过渡。
图5示例性地示出在主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的时间上的过渡——延迟的过渡。
图6示例性地示出在主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的时间上的过渡——分级的过渡。
具体实施方式
图1示例性和示意地示出轨道车辆乘客车箱照明的原理电路图。所示照明包括六个灯L1…L6，其中灯L1，L3，L4和L6由主照明能量供应HL供电，并且灯L2和L5由应急照明能量供应NL供电。如果主照明能量HL不能供使用，则进入应急照明运行，其中在该应急照明运行中，灯L2和L5处于运行中。因此，可能由于数量减少的处于运行中的灯或发光器材而产生眩目作用。尤其是在采用LED发光器材时，实际上不能避免眩目作用。
图2示例性和示意地示出具有本发明应急照明的轨道车辆乘客车箱照明的原理电路图。所示出的照明包括六个灯L1…L6、前置设备VSG、主照明能量供应HL和应急照明能量供应NL。前置设备VSG提供用于运行灯L1…L6所需要的运行电压，该运行电压尤其是在采用LED发光器材时可以显著小于主照明能量供应HL和应急照明能量供应NL的电压。在主照明运行中，所有的灯L1…L6以主照明强度HLS发光。但是在应急照明运行中，同样像在主照明运行中那样，所有的灯L1…L6以不同于主照明强度HLS的（较小的）应急照明强度NLS发光。
图3示例性和示意地示出在主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的时间上的过渡。示出了轨道车辆乘客车箱照明的照明强度LS的时间变化曲线。垂直轴为照明强度LS，水平轴为时间t。在故障时刻ta，照明强度LS从主照明强度HLS降低到应急照明强度NLS。
图4示例性和示意地示出在主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的时间上的过渡。类似于图3中那样，示出了照明强度LS从主照明强度HLS到应急照明强度NLS的过渡。在该实施例中，进行从主照明强度HLS到应急照明强度NLS的无级的过渡。
图5示例性和示意地示出在主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的时间上的过渡。在该实施例中，进行从主照明强度HLS到应急照明强度NLS的、相对于故障时刻ta在时间上有延迟的过渡。
图6示例性和示意地示出在主照明强度和应急照明强度之间的时间上的过渡。在该实施例中，进行从主照明强度HLS到应急照明强度NLS的分级的过渡。
附图标记列表
L1…L6灯1…灯6
HL主照明能量供应
NL应急照明能量供应
VSG前置设备
t时间
ta故障时刻
LS照明强度
HLS主照明强度
NLS应急照明强度。

Claims (4)

1.用于轨道车辆的轨道车辆应急照明，具有由发光二极管组成的主照明，其特征在于，在主照明能量供应（HL）活跃时，主照明的所有发光器材以主照明强度（HLS）发光，并且在缺少主照明能量供应（HL）时，主照明的所有发光器材以应急照明强度（NLS）发光，并且设置前置设备（VSG），该前置设备（VSG）提供运行发光器材所需要的运行电压并且与主照明能量供应（HL）的存在有关地控制在主照明强度（HLS）和应急照明强度（NLS）之间的发光器材的照明强度，并且其中在主照明强度（HLS）和应急照明强度（NLS）之间的照明强度的过渡能自由设计。
2.根据权利要求1的轨道车辆应急照明，其特征在于，用于运行发光器材的能量在主照明运行中以及在应急照明运行中都取自应急照明能量供应（NL）。
3.根据权利要求1或2的轨道车辆应急照明，其特征在于，无级地进行在主照明强度（HLS）和应急照明强度（NLS）之间的过渡。
4.根据权利要求1或2的轨道车辆应急照明，其特征在于，相对于主照明能量供应（HL）的故障时刻（ta）在时间上有延迟地进行在主照明强度（HLS）和应急照明强度（NLS）之间的过渡。
CN201180030866.1A 2010-06-21 2011-05-19 轨道车辆应急照明 Active CN102947132B (zh)

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HK1177920A1 (zh) 2013-08-30
BR112012032018B1 (pt) 2021-04-20
CA2803193C (en) 2018-06-19
US20130106285A1 (en) 2013-05-02
AT509889A4 (de) 2011-12-15
CL2012003354A1 (es) 2013-02-15
EP2582545A1 (de) 2013-04-24
BR112012032018A2 (pt) 2020-09-01
AT509889B1 (de) 2011-12-15
CN102947132A (zh) 2013-02-27
PT2582545T (pt) 2016-12-30
RU2013102500A (ru) 2014-07-27
UA109138C2 (uk) 2015-07-27
PL2582545T3 (pl) 2017-05-31
ES2616916T3 (es) 2017-06-14
US9446710B2 (en) 2016-09-20
HUE030529T2 (hu) 2017-05-29
CA2803193A1 (en) 2011-12-29
EP2582545B1 (de) 2016-11-23

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