CN102933276B - 过滤装置,尤其是液体过滤器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种过滤装置,其在壳体中具有过滤元件,并且在所述过滤元件的下游具有用于排出被净化的介质的流出开口。在所述过滤元件和所述流出开口之间布置有转向部件,其中在所述转向部件上形成用于使所述介质从所述过滤元件流动到所述流出开口的溢流区域,并且所述流出开口位于与所述溢流区域相同的高度上或者位于所述溢流区域的下方。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1的前序部分所述的过滤装置,尤其是液体过滤器。
背景技术
文献DE 101 23 190 A1公开了一种具有水分离机构的燃料过滤器。所述过滤器为两级构造,其具有两个相互置入的、圆柱体的过滤元件,燃料径向流过所述过滤元件,其中放置在上游的过滤元件由亲水的材料制成,并且放置在下游的过滤元件由疏水的材料制成。在流过所述亲水的第一过滤器后,被净化的、包含水份的燃料到达疏水的第二过滤器的外壳面上,水在所述疏水的第二过滤器上被分离,并且沿轴向向下排出。
文献WO 2008/077954 A2公开了一种燃料过滤器,所述燃料过滤器包括环形的、有待被径向由外向内流过的过滤元件以及同样为环形的、容纳在过滤元件中的滤网元件。首先引导燃料径向通过过滤元件以过滤颗粒,并且必须在流入滤网元件之前首先流经壳体部件的下边缘,所述壳体部件用于使燃料转向。在壳体部件的下端边缘的区域中进行第一水分离,之后在所述滤网元件上进行另一次水分离。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于,提供一种具有改进效果的、用于分离颗粒和/或所携带的介质的过滤装置。
该任务根据本发明利用权利要求1的特征来解决。从属权利要求给出了有利的改进方案。
根据本发明的过滤装置优选涉及液体过滤器、尤其是燃料过滤器,比如像用于柴油燃料或者汽油燃料的过滤装置,或者必要时也涉及内燃机中的油过滤器。在这种类型的液体过滤器中,过滤出例如包含在燃料或者说油中的水,并且从过滤装置中排出。然而原则上也能够考虑将过滤装置使用于过滤气态流体,例如用于内燃机的空气过滤器,同样优选将所携带的液体、通常为水借助于过滤装置从所述空气过滤器分离出去。
根据本发明的过滤装置在壳体中具有过滤元件,其中在过滤元件的下游布置有用于排出被净化的介质的流出开口。优选流动密封的转向部件位于过滤元件和流出开口之间,在所述转向部件上形成了用于使被净化的介质从过滤元件流动到流出开口的溢流区域。关于转向部件,所述流出开口的上边缘位于在转向部件上的溢流区域的同样的高度上,或者位于所述溢流区域的下方。
利用这种实施方式保证了,在过滤元件的精细侧和流出开口之间的被预净化的介质关于常规的安装位置利用向下指向的组件、也就是说利用沿着重力向量方向的组件流动,在所述安装位置中在其轴向高度上流经或者说流过过滤元件。其优点在于,液流不再指向与有待分离的微滴的重力相反的方向,而是与其具有相同的指向,由此提高了分离率。如果例如所携带的水应该从燃料或者油中分离出来,则会基于根据本发明的、溢流区域的相对位置在转向部件和流出开口上产生相对于彼此在溢流区域的下游向下指向的流动组件,所述流动组件通往流出开口,从而使得水滴的沉积方向(Sedimentationsrichtung)和主流动方向分别至少对准重力方向。所述水滴在经由流出开口流出前还贮存在过滤装置的壳体中的分离腔中,并且水滴能够从所述分离腔中排出。
来自现有技术中的实施方式中,其中含有水颗粒的液流向上沿流出开口的方向引导,当沉积速度小于流动速度时,相反水滴不能进行分离;在这种情况下,水滴在向上指向的液流中一起被输送。在根据本发明的实施方式中,相反地,沉积速度相对于液流速度的比例对分离不起决定性的作用,由此显著改善了分离率。
通过转向部件或者说在转向部件上的溢流区域实现向下指向的流动,其优点在于,过滤元件本身不需要修正(Modifikation)。因此,不需要进行改变或者匹配就能够使用过滤元件。
在转向部件上的溢流区域或者以凹部的形式构造在转向部件中,或者按照优选的实施方式直接构造在转向部件的端侧或者说端边缘上。例如转向部件构造成阻塞壁,所述阻塞壁的上端边缘形成溢流区域或者说限定溢流区域。所述阻塞壁在流动区域中位于过滤元件的精细侧和流出开口之间,并且强制经过过滤元件的液流转向,以实现所期望的、从具有向下指向的组件的转向部件到流出开口的流动。此外其还具有其他优点:有待净化的流体能够在其整个轴向高度上流经过滤元件,因为只有在精细侧的区域中液流才在转向部件上发生流动转向。
所述转向部件能够或者直接贴靠在过滤元件的精细侧上,或者相对于精细侧间隔距离地布置,其中后一种实施方式具有以下优点:液流径向流动通过过滤元件而没有损失,从而使得在过滤元件的整个轴向高度和整个径向厚度上给出沿着径向方向由外向内延伸的、保持常量的流动矢量。在经由过滤元件的精细侧排出后,才沿着转向部件的壁侧转向,所述壁侧朝向过滤元件的精细侧。伴随着到达在转向部件的端边缘上的溢流区域,基于压力比利用组件将流动方向调整到重力向量的方向上。
另一方面,具有直接贴靠在过滤元件的精细侧上的转向部件的实施方式具有节省布置空间的优点,因为尤其是在过滤元件的精细侧和流出开口之间的环形腔能够保持得相对较小。
所述根据本发明的过滤装置优选涉及环形的过滤元件,所述过滤元件径向由外向内流通。然而原则上例如也能够将过滤元件构造成平的过滤盘。在过滤元件构造为环形的情况下,转向部件也有利地构造成环形的,反之,对于平的或者板状的过滤元件来说,所述转向部件也构造成平的阻隔壁,所述阻隔壁或者直接贴靠在过滤元件的精细侧上或者相对所述精细侧间隔距离地布置。
所述过滤元件有利地保持在支撑部件上、例如保持在支撑架上,所述支撑架尤其是位于过滤元件的精细侧上。在过滤元件为环形的实施方式中,支撑部件形成在过滤元件内侧上的柱体。
原则上考虑以下实施方式,其中转向部件与支撑部件分开地构造;而且也考虑以下实施方式,其中转向部件与支撑部件一体地构造。在分开地构造的实施方式中,所述转向部件有利地相对于过滤元件的精细侧间隔距离地布置。在一体地构造的实施方式中则相反,所述支撑部件有利地同时形成转向部件,尤其是如此构造,从而使得下方的、与底部相邻的区段一体地构造而没有流出开口,其中所述区段仅仅在过滤器的轴向的部分高度上延伸,从而使得该封闭构造的区段的上端边缘形成溢流区域,从过滤元件的精细侧流出的液流能够沿着所述溢流区域流动。所述支撑部件的、位于其上的区段则相反设有用于使介质流出的流动开口,所述介质经过过滤元件。
按照另一种有利的实施方式规定,在转向部件和流出开口之间构造有用于有待分离的颗粒和/或微滴的分离构件。所述分离构件用于分离颗粒和/或微滴,所述颗粒和/或微滴在流经过滤元件后还包含在流体流中。所述分离构件例如构造成滤网、尤其是由疏水的材料制成的或者其具有疏水的涂层的滤网,从而使得有待净化的介质能够穿过在滤网中的开口,并且有待分离的颗粒和/或微滴挂在滤网壁上并且流出到收集腔中。所述流出开口位于滤网的下游,被净化的和从有待分离的颗粒和/或微滴中释放出来的流体经由所述流出开口流出。
在一种优选的实施方式中,在过滤元件和支撑架之间布置有燃油水分凝聚介质,所述燃油水分凝聚介质使包含在燃料中的小水滴凝聚成更大的水滴。
用于有待分离的颗粒和/或微滴的收集腔优选位于流出开口的下方,并且所述收集腔设有用于排出被分离的颗粒和/或微滴的排出开口。
附图说明
本发明的其它优点和有利的实施方式由其他权利要求、附图说明和附图得出。附图示出:
图1是液体过滤器的剖视图;
图2是液体过滤器的示意图,同样也是剖视图。
在图中相同的构件利用相同的附图标记表示。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出了用于内燃机的液体过滤器、尤其是燃料过滤器。有待过滤的液体通过进入通道10从下方进入到液体过滤器1中,并且沿箭头方向16流过所述进入通道10,所述进入通道向上布置在所述液体过滤器的中央的通道构件中。
此外,所述液体过滤器1在柱形的壳体2中具有环形的过滤元件3,液体径向由外向内从有待净化的介质流过所述过滤元件。所述过滤元件3的材料由布置在径向的内侧上的支撑架4支承和保持,所述支撑架优选由塑料制成。过滤元件3的径向内侧形成净化侧,径向外侧形成粗糙侧。在一种优选的实施方式中,在过滤元件3和支撑架4之间布置有燃油水分凝聚介质(Coaleszenmedium)30,所述燃油水分凝聚介质使包含在燃料中的小水滴凝聚成更大的水滴。替代地,能够在过滤元件3的过滤介质上涂覆燃油水分凝聚层。在支撑架4中掏制凹部,流经过滤元件3的液流能够经由所述凹部进入到支撑架4的内腔中。
流出开口6位于由环形的过滤元件3环绕的内腔中,经由过滤元件的精细侧排出的流体经由所述流出开口从液体过滤器1排出到排出通道11中。为了确保被净化的流体的从上向下沿着重力向量方向的流动方向,在支撑架4的内部布置有环形的阻塞壁(Blockadewand)形式的转向部件(Umlenkteil)50。所述转向部件50在这种情况下至少延伸到流出开口6的上边缘,然而优选延伸出流出开口6的上边缘,以便保证流体的沿着底部的方向指向下的流动。根据过滤元件的整个轴向高度,转向部件50的上端边缘位于过滤元件的上半部分中。转向部件50的上端边缘在此形成溢流区域5,经由所述溢流区域向下沿着流出开口6的方向引导由过滤元件排出的液流。
替代地,所述转向部件也能够集成到支撑架4中(在图1中未示出),为此目的,支撑架4在轴向高度上来看是部分封闭的,更确切地说从过滤装置的底部起直到流出开口6的高度是封闭的。
在燃料中所携带的、经过过滤元件3的小水滴还在排出前经由流出开口6在转向部件50的内部被分离,并且能够流出到过滤装置的下方区域中,在过滤装置的下方区域中形成具有用于排出所收集的水的排出开口7的收集区域。为了更好地进行水分离,在流出开口6前优选布置有分离滤网9,所述分离滤网优选构造成疏水的,并且阻塞小水滴进入到流出开口中。这尤其是通过以下方式得到简化:小水滴不是垂直地而是由于流动转向以锐角触碰到分离滤网9,由此小水滴不会由于正面流入而被挤压通过分离滤网9。
所述流出开口6相对于过滤元件3的精细侧或者说支撑架4和转向部件50的内侧径向间隔距离地布置。在流出开口6和转向部件50之间,被分离的水能够向下下降到排出开口7中。这种间隙通过具有储箱回流通道和排气通道12的排出孔连接在液体过滤器中央。
在图2中也示出了具有在过滤器壳体2中的过滤元件3的过滤装置1。所述过滤元件3构造成环形的,其中必要时也能够考虑平的或者板状的实施方式。在液流内侧上,过滤元件3由支撑架4保持,所述支撑架的下部4a构造成封闭的,并且形成阻塞壁形式的转向部件。如利用流动箭头8所示出的,径向由外向内流过过滤元件3的介质能够在转向部件4a的、朝向过滤元件3的壁侧上沿着轴向流动直到溢流区域5,所述溢流区域位于转向部件的上端边缘上。只有在轴向上位于上端边缘以上,液流才能够经由过滤元件的精细侧排出。具有溢流区域5的端边缘在轴向上位于至少与流出开口6相同的高度上,然而优选位于略微高于流出开口6的高度上,所述流出开口位于过滤元件的下游。
分离滤网9用于改善所携带的水颗粒的分离,所述分离滤网布置在包括转向部件4a和流出开口6的支撑架4的下游,其中分离滤网9既能够相对于转向部件也能够相对于流出开口分别间隔距离地布置。所述分离滤网9构造成疏水的,由此改善了分离效果,并且在分离滤网9的流出侧上分离在液流8中携带的水颗粒,紧接着被分离的小水滴能够向下流出到收集腔中,并且从那起经由排出开口从过滤装置排出。
Claims (10)
1.一种过滤装置,其具有容纳在壳体(2)中的过滤元件(3)并且具有布置在所述过滤元件(3)的下游的、用于排出被净化的介质的流出开口(6),其特征在于,在所述过滤元件(3)和所述流出开口(6)之间布置有转向部件(4a,50),其中在所述转向部件(4a,50)上形成用于使所述介质从所述过滤元件(3)流动到所述流出开口(6)的溢流区域(5);并且所述流出开口(6)的上边缘位于与所述转向部件(4a,50)上的溢流区域(5)相同的高度上或者位于所述转向部件(4a,50)上的溢流区域的下方,其中所述流出开口(6)相对于所述转向部件(4a,50)的内侧径向间隔距离地布置。
2.按照权利要求1所述的过滤装置,其特征在于,所述转向部件(4a,50)相对于所述过滤元件(3)的精细侧间隔距离地布置。
3.按照权利要求1所述的过滤装置,其特征在于,所述转向部件直接贴靠在所述过滤元件(3)的精细侧上。
4.按照权利要求1至3中任一项所述的过滤装置,其特征在于,所述转向部件(4a,50)构造为阻塞壁,并且所述溢流区域(5)形成在所述阻塞壁的上端边缘上。
5.按照权利要求1至3中任一项所述的过滤装置,其特征在于,所述过滤元件(3)保持在支撑部件(4)上,并且所述转向部件(50)与所述支撑部件(4)隔开地构造。
6.按照权利要求1至3中任一项所述的过滤装置,其特征在于,所述过滤元件(3)保持在支撑部件(4)上,并且所述转向部件(4a)与所述支撑部件(4)一体地构造。
7.按照权利要求1至3中任一项所述的过滤装置,其特征在于,在所述转向部件(4a,50)与所述流出开口(6)之间布置有用于有待分离的颗粒和/或微滴的分离构件(9)。
8.按照权利要求7所述的过滤装置,其特征在于,所述分离构件(9)构造为滤网。
9.按照权利要求1至3中任一项所述的过滤装置,其特征在于,在所述流出开口(6)的下方布置有用于排出被分离的微滴的排出开口(7)。
10.按照权利要求1至3中任一项所述的过滤装置,其特征在于,所述过滤元件(3)和所述转向部件(4a,50)分别构造成环形的。
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DE102010023650A DE102010023650A1 (de) | 2010-06-14 | 2010-06-14 | Filtereinrichtung, insbesondere Flüssigkeitsfilter |
DE102010023650.0 | 2010-06-14 | ||
PCT/EP2011/058785 WO2011157535A1 (de) | 2010-06-14 | 2011-05-30 | Filtereinrichtung, insbesondere flüssigkeitsfilter |
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US (1) | US9486724B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2579958B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102933276B (zh) |
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DE102008038160A1 (de) | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-25 | Mahle International Gmbh | Filtereinrichtung |
DE102012013743A1 (de) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-16 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Wasserabscheidevorrichtung, Filterelement eines Kraftstoff-Filters und Kraftstofffilter |
DE102012018662A1 (de) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-04-17 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Hohlzylindrisches Filterelement für einen Flüssigkeitsfilter |
DE102012024349B4 (de) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-11-05 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Filter zur Filtrierung von Flüssigkeiten und Filterelement eines derartigen Filters |
DE102013015143B4 (de) * | 2013-09-13 | 2016-05-25 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Filter für Fluid, Filterelement und Filtergehäuse eines Filters |
DE102013016976A1 (de) * | 2013-10-14 | 2015-04-16 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Filterelement und Filtersystem für ein Flüssigmedium, insbesondere Dieselkraftstoff |
WO2015112694A1 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-30 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Filter including spring tube bypass assembly |
DE102014009327A1 (de) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-31 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Filtereinrichtung, insbesondere Flüssigkeitsfilter |
DE102015013351A1 (de) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-20 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Koaleszenzelement und Filterelement mit einem Koaleszenzelement |
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DE10123190A1 (de) | 2001-05-12 | 2002-11-14 | Mahle Filtersysteme Gmbh | Kraftstofffilter mit wasserabscheidenden Mitteln |
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2010
- 2010-06-14 DE DE102010023650A patent/DE102010023650A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-05-30 WO PCT/EP2011/058785 patent/WO2011157535A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-05-30 EP EP11724599.3A patent/EP2579958B1/de active Active
- 2011-05-30 CN CN201180029517.8A patent/CN102933276B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2012-12-13 US US13/713,869 patent/US9486724B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US5017285A (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1991-05-21 | Stanadyne Automotive Corp. | Fuel filter and cartridge assembly |
US6554139B1 (en) * | 2000-06-01 | 2003-04-29 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Extension and locking assembly for dripless element, and container therefore |
CN101247874A (zh) * | 2005-08-16 | 2008-08-20 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 具有加热装置的过滤装置 |
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DE102010023650A1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
WO2011157535A1 (de) | 2011-12-22 |
EP2579958A1 (de) | 2013-04-17 |
CN102933276A (zh) | 2013-02-13 |
US20130098824A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
US9486724B2 (en) | 2016-11-08 |
EP2579958B1 (de) | 2019-03-06 |
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