CN102869711A - Graphite-containing plate and method for producing a graphite-containing plate - Google Patents

Graphite-containing plate and method for producing a graphite-containing plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102869711A
CN102869711A CN2010800648207A CN201080064820A CN102869711A CN 102869711 A CN102869711 A CN 102869711A CN 2010800648207 A CN2010800648207 A CN 2010800648207A CN 201080064820 A CN201080064820 A CN 201080064820A CN 102869711 A CN102869711 A CN 102869711A
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China
Prior art keywords
plate
mixture
plastic pellet
graphite
fixed
Prior art date
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Pending
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CN2010800648207A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
韦尔纳·古克尔特
克里斯蒂安·基普菲尔斯伯格
西格弗里德·劳赫
罗伯特·米歇尔斯
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SGL Carbon SE
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SGL Carbon SE
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Publication date
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Priority claimed from PCT/EP2010/070979 external-priority patent/WO2011080339A1/en
Publication of CN102869711A publication Critical patent/CN102869711A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/58—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only, e.g. particles, powder, beads, flakes, spheres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/70—Completely encapsulating inserts
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    • C04B35/522—Graphite
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    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2103/00—Use of resin-bonded materials as moulding material
    • B29K2103/04—Inorganic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2507/00—Use of elements other than metals as filler
    • B29K2507/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/604—Pressing at temperatures other than sintering temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/10—Heat storage materials, e.g. phase change materials or static water enclosed in a space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
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Abstract

The invention relates to a graphite-containing plate (5) which contains a solidified mixture of essentially evenly distributed graphite particles (6) and plastic particles (7).

Description

The plate of graphitiferous and the method for producing the plate of graphitiferous
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plate of the graphitiferous claimed in claim 1 such as preamble; Also relate to a kind of method of producing the plate of graphitiferous.
Background technology
A kind of lightweight heat-conducting plate and manufacture method thereof are disclosed among DE 103 41 255B4.This heat-conducting plate is made by expanded graphite, itself (expanded graphite) through overdraft.Wherein, according to US 3,404,061A, expanded graphite to be manufactured on prior art enough known.In order to produce expanded graphite, heating graphite intercalation compound or graphite salt, for example graphite hydrosulfate or graphite nitrate in shaking device.The volume of graphite particle thereby be increased to about 200-400 doubly, and volume density is reduced to the value of 2-20g/l simultaneously.Obtain thus the expanded graphite that formed by worm shape graphite or sexangle graphite.In the lightweight heat-conducting plate of DE 103 41 255B4, this expanded graphite stands the compression of direct pressure, arrange so that the plane layer of graphite is preferably perpendicular to the action direction of pressure, and single aggregate combines each other.Can in the situation of not using extra binding agent, produce netted or tabular self-supporting slab construction in this way.This compressed heat-conducting plate that does not contain binding agent is basicly stable dimensionally, but intensity is very low and just break easily under relatively low load.Therefore, for example, rectangle, unit area weight 1000g/m 2, thickness 13mm, size 11 * 13cm heat-conducting plate only have the bending strength of 0.1MPa.Because larger plate is unmanageable, therefore, can only the more stable relatively undersized plate of production size, for example plate of 50 * 50cm.Particularly, the intrinsic weight of larger plate causes plate only to break at an incline place when wearing and tearing.Therefore, in the situation without extra enhancement process, what these plates should not be for construction area.
In order to overcome these shortcomings, DE 103 41 255B4 have proposed, and after compacting, should partially or even wholly be impregnated with plastic material in heat-conducting plate, for example resin or thermoplastics are to increase density and to the resistibility of mechanical influence or other environmental influence.Yet, the expanded graphite plate existent defect of these steeping liqs after compacting, the infiltration of liquid-containing binder in expanding compress graphite is inhomogeneous.Have realized that liquid-containing binder is only at the nearly surf zone uniformly penetrating of compression-expansion graphite film.Binding agent only can be partly or may do not passed the more inner zone of being positioned at of film.Compare with film, in thicker compression-expansion graphite cake, the degree of the problems referred to above is more serious.The binding agent of this uneven distribution produces inhomogeneous enhancement and stability in plate, cause with respect to other zone, and plate is at easier fracture from unrecognizable zone in appearance.
Fig. 1 has shown a kind of cross sectional representation of lightweight heat-conducting plate 1.Made the side surface of liquid-containing binder 3 slave plates 1 infiltrate compacting expanded graphite 2.Yet binding agent 3 infiltration onboard is inhomogeneous, and especially marking in the zone 4 on border at oval-shaped dotted line is binder free, and therefore with respect to the bonded areas of plate 1, its strength and stability is significantly lower.Therefore with respect to the bonded areas of plate 1, these zone 4 easier fractures.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of plate of graphitiferous and a kind of plate of producing graphitiferous is overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming, and the plate that a kind of even enhancing and dimensional stabilizing are provided.
The plate of the graphitiferous of the feature by having claim 1, and the method for the plate of the production graphitiferous by having claim 10 feature can be realized purpose of the present invention.Favourable further variation and the preferred embodiment of plate and method provide in the dependent claims.
A kind of plate of graphitiferous is characterised in that it comprises the fixed mixture of substantially equally distributed graphite particle and plastic pellet as described in the present invention.Plate can followingly be produced as described in the present invention: at first admixed graphite particle and plastic pellet form the mixture with substantially equally distributed graphite particle and plastic pellet, then fixed described mixture.
In a preferred embodiment, graphite particle and plastic pellet are equally distributed in mixture, and it can be realized by long-time fully mixing of described particle especially.
In a favourable embodiment, from the angle of product engineering, described plate only is made of the mixture that graphite particle and plastic pellet are arranged, and does not need to add other additive.When obtaining the plate of dimensional stabilizing, do not need additive.
Advantageously, described mixture can comprise 5 to 90 % by weight, preferred 15 to 60 % by weight and the plastic pellet of 20 to 50 % by weight particularly preferably, to obtain fully stable plate.
Described graphite particle can advantageously comprise expanded graphite, and particularly advantageously is expanded graphite.Described plastic pellet can advantageously comprise thermoplastics and/or thermosetting resin.
In a preferred version, PVC can be used as plastics, because it can use in the temperature that is higher than 80 ℃.According to the present invention, when using as the hot active components (thermal active component) of heating chamber, because the temperature of thermal medium is usually up to 60 ℃, PVC is particularly advantageous.
For plastic pellet, available polypropylene (PP) advantageously, polymeric amide (PA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) (ABS), polyetherketone (PEEK), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) (PVDF), fluoropolymer, benzo
Figure BPA00001610575800031
Piperazine and/or polysulfones (PP) are as other suitable thermoplastics.
Suitable thermoset(ting)plastic is Resins, epoxy preferably, and it uses extensively, is convenient to processing, relatively low cost and heat-resisting.For higher demand, can advantageously use resol, and melamine resin, urea-formaldehyde resin and vibrin, particularly unsaturated polyester resin (UP resin).
Fixed preferred the passing through of mixture compresses, and particularly finishes by means of compacting.For example, describedly fixedly can also comprise sequenced fusing and cooling step, with melting heat thermoplastic plastic partially or even wholly.Can realize by this method the good combination between graphite particle and the plastic pellet.Especially when using thermosetting resin, the described fixed curing schedule that comprises.Described fixed can also finishing by optional or extra mixture sintering step.
In a favourable embodiment, described plate is plastically deformable, so that it can be molded as the predetermined profile of room wall or top ceiling simply in the place of erection, and edge for example, curve, corner, central lintel etc.For example, by heating the still plate of plastically deformable, can then realize finally fixed in the place of erection with installment state it.
Wall or top ceiling covering and/or hot active components as cooling room or heating chamber such as the favourable purposes of plate of the present invention, described mixture be at first Procuring in order to keep plastically deformable.At least one assembly advantageously for receiving pipe or the pipeline of fluid cooling or heating medium, is pressed in the mixture of plastically deformable subsequently.
In addition or optionally, the plate of the mixture of described plastically deformable or plastically deformable thus is molded into predetermined profile, for example can be molded as uneven wall or top ceiling shape.The mixture of described plastically deformable or plate are finally fixed subsequently.Alternatively, advantageously before described mixture is fixed, can in mixture, introduce at least a above-mentioned assembly, and mixture solidifies finally subsequently.Yet retaining element such as anchor etc. can advantageously be imbedded wherein as assembly.
Plate of the present invention can use in construction area, for example as the top ceiling or the wall-element that are used for fixing top ceiling or wall.Therefore, plate of the present invention is suitable for for example room temperature control system and the acoustic element that improves acoustically effective.
Description of drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings, in below the preferred illustrative embodiment further characteristics of the present invention and advantage have been described.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 has shown a kind of plate of graphitiferous well known in the prior art;
Fig. 2 has shown a kind of cross section of plate of the graphitiferous such as the present invention's the first exemplary;
Fig. 3 has shown a kind of cross section of plate of the graphitiferous such as the present invention's the second exemplary;
Fig. 4 has shown a kind of cross section of plate of the graphitiferous such as the present invention's the 3rd exemplary.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of plate 5 such as graphitiferous of the present invention, the graphite particle 6 of being made by expanded graphite forms, and it is worm graphite shape or the hexagonal graphite shape of known way.Replace expanded graphite, also can use natural graphite or synthetic graphite, preferably powder type.Yet expanded graphite has following benefit, and it can by easily high level compacting, obtain plate fine and close, dimensional stabilizing on the less degree on the one hand; On the other hand, it can easily mix with solid plastic particle 7.
At first graphite particle 6 is mixed with solid plastic particle 7 substantially equably, solid plastic is PVC here.This can be in a known way by particularly realizing for the known mixing tank of powder material.The graphite particle 6 here mixes to obtain uniform and stable as far as possible plate 5 with plastic pellet 7 substantially equably, and graphite particle advantageously accounts at least 85%.Described particle 6,7 preferably evenly mixes each other.
After mixing, suppress in known manner described mixture, by pressure initiation plate 5.For be increased in plastic pellet 7 each other and with the cohesive force of graphite particle 6, extra heated mixt make plastic pellet 7 begin fusing or even fully fusing, subsequently plastic pellet to each other melting connect and be bonding with graphite particle.In process of cooling, by cooling mixture actively or passively, the plastic pellet 7 of melting keeps the form of meltings to solidify simultaneously, in order to obtain the plate 5 of uniform dimensional stabilizing.
Two above-mentioned step-compactings and heat-can carrying out continuously.Alternatively or additionally, also can by sclerosis and/or sintering carries out fixed or compression.The use that can be bonded to each other of these dissimilar compression methods.
As the result who mixes, before fixed, form the mixture that comprises substantially equally distributed particle such as graphite particle 6 of the present invention and plastic pellet 7, prepared plate 5 is compared with the plate 1 of existing graphitiferous, have uniform surface, dimensional stabilizing, hard, firmly, and be easy to process.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have shown the preferred embodiment according to the purposes of plate of the present invention and foundation manufacture method of the present invention.Same section adopt with Fig. 2 in identical numbering.
Fig. 3 shown such as plate 5 of the present invention as hot active components, the favourable purposes on the top ceiling of heating chamber and/or cooling room/wall wrapper plate.In this case, after the mixing of graphite particle 6 and plastic pellet 7, but before this mixture fixed, insert two pipes 8 in the center of described mixture.Described mixture is finally fixed as described above subsequently.By this method, can produce the wall wrapper plate as heating and/or cooling element that is pre-assembled, in order in construction area, make on a large scale and use these plates at industrial circle.The result, obtained having the plate of good large size stability and intensity, processing and assembling to plate in the building site are also easier, especially can make and use the plate of the dimensional stabilizing with large-size, and need to not worry any damage of plate in transportation and treating processes.
The plate of this embedded pipe 8 can be used on the equipment of for example room temps control, in equipment, has at least a assembly such as concrete ceiling or wall, it has consisted of the hot memory part, and has the surface of pointing to described space, wherein manage 8 and link together with the hot memory part, in the presence of heating or cooling medium, work.
The device of this room temps control has guaranteed that the main body of top ceiling or wall can be used as the hot memory part and uses, and transports for the thermoactive heating or cooling medium of storing device so that no longer need to insert pipe among top ceiling or wall.A kind of temperature controlling system with Energy Efficient of short response time is provided here, when old building renovates, also then this Controlling System can be installed.
Fig. 4 has shown that plate 5 of the present invention is with heating and/or the top ceiling of the cooling room/wall wrapper plate form favourable purposes as hot active components.In this case, different with the embodiment of Fig. 3, after the mixing of graphite particle 6 and plastic pellet 7, at first the preconsolidation mixture is so that it is still plastically deformable, then in plastically deformable plate 5, only be pressed into 2 pipes 9, subsequently as described above final consolidation board 5 or mixture.In the embodiment such as Fig. 4, also has the advantage such as Fig. 3 embodiment.
In the further variation of as shown in Figure 4 plate 5, plate in manufacturing processed advantageously the mode with plastically deformable keep the preconsolidation state, be transported to subsequently the place to use, such as the building site; In plate 5, be pressed into pipe 9 in suitable place.Finally condense on the spot subsequently, for example by heating the plate 5 of mounted still plastically deformable.By this method, the pipe 9 of laying can adapt to on-the-spot Special Circumstances simply.

Claims (25)

1. the plate of graphitiferous (5) is characterized in that it comprises the fixed mixture of substantially equally distributed graphite particle (6) and plastic pellet (7).
2. plate according to claim 1 (5) is characterized in that described graphite particle (6) and plastic pellet (7) are equally distributed in described mixture.
3. plate according to claim 1 and 2 (5) is characterized in that at least one assembly (8; 9) imbed in the plate (5).
4. plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (5) is characterized in that it is only by the compositions of mixtures of graphite particle (6) and plastic pellet (7).
5. according to each described plate (5) in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described graphite particle (6) comprises expanded graphite.
6. according to each described plate (5) in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described mixture comprises 5 to 90 % by weight, preferred 15 to 60 % by weight and the plastic pellet of 20 to 50 % by weight (7) particularly preferably.
7. according to each described plate (5) in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described plastic pellet (7) comprises thermoplastics and/or thermosetting resin.
8. according to each described plate (5) in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described plastic pellet (7) comprises polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polymeric amide (PA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) (ABS), polyetherketone (PEEK), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) (PVDF), fluoropolymer, benzo
Figure FPA00001610575700011
Piperazine and/or polysulfones (PP).
9. according to each described plate (5) in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described plastic pellet (7) comprises Resins, epoxy, resol, melamine resin, urea-formaldehyde resin and/or vibrin, particularly unsaturated polyester resin (UP resin).
10. according to each described plate (5) in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that it is plastically deformable.
11. according to each described plate (5) in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that it is to form in predetermined profile.
12. produce the method for the plate (5) of graphitiferous, wherein graphite particle (6) and plastic pellet (7) are mixed mutually and form the mixture with substantially equally distributed graphite particle (6) and plastic pellet (7), subsequently fixed described mixture.
13. method according to claim 12 is characterized in that described mixture has equally distributed graphite particle (6) and plastic pellet (7).
14. it is characterized in that according to claim 12 or 13 described methods, the fixed compression step that comprises of described mixture.
15. method according to claim 14 is characterized in that realizing described compression by suppressing described mixture.
16. each described method in 15 is characterized in that the described fixed step that comprises fusing and cooling according to claim 12.
17. method according to claim 16 is characterized in that described plastic pellet (7) fully fusing in the fusing step.
18. each described method in 17 is characterized in that the described fixed curing schedule that comprises according to claim 12.
19. each described method in 18 is characterized in that the described fixed sintering step that comprises according to claim 12.
20. each described method in 19 according to claim 12, it is characterized in that described mixture at first by preconsolidation to keep plastically deformable.
21. method according to claim 20 is characterized in that at least one assembly (9) is pressed in the mixture of described plastically deformable.
22. according to claim 20 or 21 described methods, it is characterized in that the mixture of described plastically deformable is molded into predetermined profile.
23. according to claim 21 or 22 described methods, it is characterized in that the mixture of described plastically deformable is finally fixed subsequently.
24. each described method in 19 is characterized in that before mixture is fixed according to claim 12, introduce at least one assembly (8) in mixture, and mixture was finally fixed subsequently.
25. each described method in 21 according to claim 10 is characterized in that described plate (5) is according to claim 1 each described configuration in 9.
CN2010800648207A 2009-12-31 2010-12-31 Graphite-containing plate and method for producing a graphite-containing plate Pending CN102869711A (en)

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