CN102854295A - Algal bloom early warning buoy system based on photosynthesis activity, and early warning method - Google Patents
Algal bloom early warning buoy system based on photosynthesis activity, and early warning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102854295A CN102854295A CN2012103260800A CN201210326080A CN102854295A CN 102854295 A CN102854295 A CN 102854295A CN 2012103260800 A CN2012103260800 A CN 2012103260800A CN 201210326080 A CN201210326080 A CN 201210326080A CN 102854295 A CN102854295 A CN 102854295A
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Abstract
The present invention provides an algal bloom early warning buoy system based on photosynthesis activity, and an early warning method. The system comprises an electronic cabin unit inside a buoy, a solar power supply system and a section sampling unit suspended below the buoy. The section sampling unit comprises a sampling pipe, water inlet three-way valves arranged on the sampling pipe at intervals, a steel cable, pressure sensors arranged on the steel cable and on the same plane corresponding to various water inlet three-way valves, and a weight dropper connected with the end of the steel cable. The electronic cabin unit comprises a water pumping device, a flow meter, a sample tank, a modulation fluorescence measurement unit for measurement analysis of a water sample, a water draining three-way valve for draining the water sample in the sample tank, a central control unit for controlling water sample collection emission and photosynthesis activity measurement analysis and forming monitoring data, and a router for transmitting the monitoring data to a client terminal. With the present invention, biomass and photosynthesis activity of phytoplankton in a water body can be continuously monitored on field for a long time under an unattended operation condition, long distance data transmission can be achieved, and an algal bloom early warning signal is real-timely issued.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring water environment technical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of algal tufa early warning buoyage based on photosynthetic activity and a kind of algal tufa method for early warning based on photosynthetic activity.
Background technology
When being accompanied by China's rapid economic development, ecologic environment continues to worsen.China's body eutrophication increasingly sharpens in recent years, harmful algal bloom (the Harmful Algal Blooms that algae excessive propagation produces, HABs) (comprise marine red tide and fresh water bloom) and continue the high frequency time generation, badly influence resident's the aspect such as safe drinking water, aquaculture, water landscape value, caused huge economic loss.In China marine site, the record of extensive breakout of red tide is arranged to south from north, the East Sea became the severely afflicated area of breakout of red tide in recent years, and the aquaculture loss is serious.In the fresh water field, take Taihu Lake, Chaohu, Dian Chi becomes the severely afflicated area of blue-green alga bloom as the large-scale shallow water lake of representative, as the many big-and-middle-sized reservoir in potable water seedbed also frequent occurrence blue-green alga bloom.Monitoring and early warning for harmful algal bloom have caused the great attention of government agencies at all levels and R﹠D institution.
For monitoring and the early warning of algal tufa, mainly adopt following several method at present:
1) periodic sampling method: the monitoring personnel carry out microscope cell count and chlorophyll content measurement to spot sampling behind in-site measurement or time laboratory.The shortcoming of this method is that monitoring frequency is low, and data acquisition relatively lags behind, and can not accomplish Real-Time Monitoring.
2) continuous monitoring method: take buoy or the monitoring station as platform, utilize the chlorophyll concentration of chlorophyll fluorescence meter (such as the chlorophyll fluorescence meter of the companies such as Wet-Labs, TriOS, YSI product) Real-time Measuring water gaging body, this method worldwide is widely used.In addition, Chinese invention patent application 201110182842.X has proposed a kind of flow-cytometry method that utilizes for a long time the water phytoplankton cell density has been carried out the method for monitoring in buoy.Continuous monitoring method can high-frequencyly be obtained the biomass information such as Phytoplankton Cells density or chlorophyll concentration, and biomass reflection is that the past period Phytoplankton Cells growth is accumulated to present amount, but only depends on these information to be difficult to the growth change situation in phytoplankton future is carried out early warning.
3) Satellite remote sensing method: the spectrometer that carries via satellite comes large tracts of land to measure water colour spectrum, with the chlorophyll concentration of phytoplankton in the specific formulation estimation water body.The still biomass that this method is measured is fit to scope and the order of severity that large scale observation algal tufa occurs very much, but also can't accomplish the early warning before algal tufa occurs.
To sum up, no matter be continuous monitoring or periodic measurement, no matter be lab analysis or satellite remote sensing, mainly adopt cell count and chlorophyll concentration to measure dual mode to the phytoplankton monitoring means at present, and this dual mode all be the history accumulation of the Phytoplankton biomass of reflection.Obviously, only depend on this historical data of biomass to the growth tendency in phytoplankton future and whether algal tufa can occur that to carry out early warning be far from being enough.
The ultimate energy source of all life activity is the sun on the earth, and sun transformation of energy is mainly leaned on the photosynthesis of phytoplankton and higher plant.The originally driving force of phytoplankton growth is the height of its photosynthetic activity, and the height of phytoplankton photochemical vitality just can be used for the growth tendency of predict future so.
Measuring the photosynthetic technology of phytoplankton mainly comprises:
1) photosynthetic oxygen evolution method: utilize Clark oxygen electrode or black and white bottle to measure photosynthetic oxygen evolution speed, shortcoming is that Measuring Time is long, and sensitivity is low, can't carry out continuous monitoring in the open air.
2) C
14Assimilation method: by measuring radioelement C
14Speed by the frustule absorption and assimilation reflects photosynthetic activity, and shortcoming is that also Measuring Time is long, can't continuous monitoring.
3) modulation fluorescence method: the variation of modulating fluorescence by detecting frustule after accepting moment saturation pulse irradiation reflects the photosynthetic activity of plant, advantage is that measuring speed is fast, highly sensitive, data are reliable, shortcoming is that principle is complicated, therefore be mainly used in scientific research field, use seldom in the monitoring field.
The Fv/Fm that utilizes the modulation fluorescent technique to measure has reflected that phytoplankton transforms luminous energy and is the efficient of chemical energy, is called for short photosynthetic efficiency.Have not yet to see any buoyage that utilizes to the report of algae photosynthetic activity continuous monitoring.If can carry out long-distance wireless monitoring to the photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton, just can be according to following several days Phytoplankton Cells variable density situation of the variation prediction of photosynthetic activity, thus accomplish giving warning in advance of algal tufa.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of algal tufa early warning buoyage and method for early warning based on photosynthetic activity, unmanned, for a long time, continuously biomass and the photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton in the water body are monitored in the open air, the remote transmission data, and send the algal tufa early warning signal.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of algal tufa early warning buoyage based on photosynthetic activity, comprise the electronic compartment unit that is installed in buoy inside, be positioned at the solar electric power supply system on described buoy top and vertically be suspended on the section sampling unit of described buoy below; Wherein
Described section sampling unit comprises:
Sampling pipe;
A plurality of inlet triplet for water valves are installed on the described sampling pipe every a segment distance, are used for gathering and carrying the water sample of different depth;
Wirerope is connected with described buoy;
A plurality of pressure transducers are installed on the described wirerope every a segment distance, are installed in accordingly respectively on the same level face with each described inlet triplet for water valve, are used for measuring the hydraulic pressure at each described inlet triplet for water valve place; And
Weight with being connected bottom of described wirerope, keeps vertically described wirerope as far as possible;
Described electronic compartment unit comprises:
Water plug is connected with described sampling pipe, is used for extracting water sample;
Flowmeter is connected with described water plug, is used for measuring the water sample flow velocity that extracts;
Sample cell is connected with described flowmeter, is used for storing the water sample that extracts from different depth;
Modulation fluorescence measurement unit is connected with described sample cell, is used for described water sample is carried out the Measurement and analysis of photochemical vitality and chlorophyll concentration;
The water draining tee valve is connected with described sample cell by drainpipe, is used for the water sample of described sample cell internal reservoir is discharged described buoy;
Central control unit, be connected with a plurality of described pressure transducers with described modulation fluorescence measurement unit, described water plug, described flowmeter, a plurality of described inlet triplet for water valve respectively, be used for measurement, the analysis of collection, discharging and the photosynthetic activity of control water sample, form Monitoring Data; And
Router is connected with described central control unit, is used for by wireless communication networks described Monitoring Data being sent to client.
Alternatively, described solar electric power supply system comprises:
Solar panels are used for gathering sun power and being translated into electric energy;
Battery pack is used for storing described electric energy; And
The solar-electricity pool controller, be connected with described solar panels, described battery pack and described central control unit respectively, the power storage that is used for described solar panels are transformed is to described battery pack, and power supply is carried in the backward described electronic compartment of the electric power voltage stabilizing unit of described battery pack output.
Alternatively, the number of described inlet triplet for water valve and described pressure transducer is 2～200.
Alternatively, described sample cell comprises:
The sample cell cavity vertically is installed in the described modulation fluorescence measurement unit, is used for storing water sample to be measured;
The sample cell water inlet pipe is connected with described sampling pipe, is used for receiving the water sample that described sampling pipe transports;
The sample cell inner sleeve, an end is connected with described sample cell water inlet pipe, and the other end stretches into the bottom of described sample cell cavity, is used for described water sample is conveyed into described sample cell cavity straight down;
The sample cell rising pipe is connected with described drainpipe with the top of described sample cell cavity respectively, is used for the water sample of described sample cell cavity is discharged to described drainpipe;
Flange lays respectively at end and described sample cell rising pipe and the end that described drainpipe is connected that described sample cell water inlet pipe is connected with described sampling pipe, and guarantees the sealing of each pipeline.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned each described method of carrying out the algal tufa early warning based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity, comprises step:
A. central control unit inlet triplet for water valve and the water draining tee valve of controlling a certain degree of depth opened;
B. water plug starts, by the extraction decimation in time water sample of setting, and the water sample flow velocity that the flowmeter synchro measure extracts;
C. after reaching the described extraction time, described central control unit controls that described inlet triplet for water valve cuts out, described water plug quits work, described water draining tee valve is in the sealing state, and the water sample in the sample cell is remained static;
D. described central control unit control modulation fluorescence measurement unit is measured photochemical vitality and the chlorophyll concentration of the water sample in the described sample cell and is formed Monitoring Data, and described Monitoring Data is real-time transmitted to client by router via wireless communication networks;
E. after the measuring process of above-mentioned steps d finished, described central control unit was controlled inlet triplet for water valve and the water draining tee valve of another degree of depth and is opened, and repeated above-mentioned steps b～d;
F. repeat above-mentioned steps e, described inlet triplet for water valve, described water draining tee valve and described water plug are closed in the end until the inlet triplet for water valve of all degree of depth is all sampled;
G. the Monitoring Data that shows according to described client in case described photochemical vitality grew steadily in continuous many days and ascensional range when surpassing certain proportion, is sent the algal tufa early warning signal in real time.
Alternatively, after above-mentioned steps f, also comprise step:
F1. described central control unit is controlled described algal tufa early warning buoyage and is repeated above-mentioned steps a～f according to the time interval of setting, and carries out circulatory monitoring.
Alternatively, described extraction time=described water sample by the current degree of depth to described flowmeter time+described water sample by described flowmeter to the time+Measuring Time of described sample cell+time expand.
Alternatively, described central control unit is at the inlet triplet for water valve of a certain degree of depth of control when opening into water, obtains synchronously the hydraulic pressure data that the pressure transducer of current depth measures.
Alternatively, the fate scope that grows steadily continuously of the described photochemical vitality of triggering algal tufa early warning signal is 2～5 days.
Alternatively, the ratio of the ascensional range of the described photochemical vitality of triggering algal tufa early warning signal is 20～80%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention changes to carry out the algal tufa early warning by the photochemical vitality of phytoplankton in the monitoring water body, and the method for early warning of more traditional measurement biomass can shift to an earlier date a couple of days and carry out early warning, is real algal tufa early warning system.
The present invention samples by section, can monitor biomass and the photochemical vitality of phytoplankton in the water column, growth change trend and the vertical migration situation of phytoplankton in can the reflection water column of science be the important foundation data that the research water ecosystem changes.
Section sampling unit of the present invention adopts wirerope to connect weight, has effectively avoided the drift of sampling pipe.Even in the larger place of current, by a small margin drift has occured in sampling pipe, and near the pressure transducer each inlet triplet for water valve also can be done calibration to sampling depth, does not affect the profile analysis to whole water column.
The present invention adopts solar electric power supply system that electric power is provided, and can really accomplish the purpose of unmanned, long-term, continuous sampling, in conjunction with the buoy monitoring device, can carry out long term monitoring to water body.
Description of drawings
The above and other features of the present invention, character and advantage will become more obvious by the description below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the modular structure synoptic diagram based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the entity structure synoptic diagram based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity of embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the entity structure synoptic diagram based on the sample cell of the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram that the employing of one embodiment of the invention is carried out the algal tufa early warning based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity;
Fig. 5 be one embodiment of the invention based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of the photosynthetic activity monitoring result curve map to Microcystis aeruginosa.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings; set forth in the following description more details so that fully understand the present invention; but the present invention obviously can implement with the multiple alternate manner that is different from this description; those skilled in the art can do similar popularization, deduction according to practical situations in the situation of intension of the present invention, therefore should be with content constraints protection scope of the present invention of this specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the modular structure synoptic diagram based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity of one embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is the entity structure synoptic diagram based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity of embodiment shown in Fig. 1.It should be noted that these and follow-up other accompanying drawing all only as example, it is not to be to draw according to the condition of equal proportion, and should not be construed as limiting as the protection domain to actual requirement of the present invention with this.
Please be simultaneously in conjunction with illustrated in figures 1 and 2, this algal tufa early warning buoyage based on photosynthetic activity mainly comprise the electronic compartment unit 100 that is installed in buoy 11 inside, the section sampling unit 200 that is positioned at the solar electric power supply system 300 on buoy 11 tops and vertically is suspended on buoy 11 belows.
Wherein, section sampling unit 200 mainly comprises sampling pipe 12, a plurality of inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn, wirerope 13, a plurality of pressure transducer 201～2nn and weight 14 etc.The number of inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn can be 2～200, is installed on the sampling pipe 12 every a segment distance, is used for gathering and carrying the water sample of different depth.Wirerope 13 is connected with buoy 11, the number of the number of pressure transducer 201～2nn and inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn is complementary, also can be 2～200, be installed on the wirerope 13 every a segment distance, be installed in accordingly respectively on the same level face with each inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn, be used for measuring the hydraulic pressure at each inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn place.Weight 14 is connected bottom with wirerope 13, and wirerope 13 is kept vertically as far as possible.
And electronic compartment unit 100 mainly comprises modulation fluorescence measurement unit 1, sample cell 2, water plug 3, flowmeter 4, water draining tee valve 5, central control unit 6 and router 7 etc.Water plug 3 is connected with sampling pipe 12, is used for extracting water sample.Flowmeter 4 is connected with water plug 3, is used for measuring the water sample flow velocity that extracts.Sample cell 2 is connected with flowmeter 4, is used for storing the water sample that extracts from different depth.Modulation fluorescence measurement unit 1 is connected with sample cell 2, is used for water sample is carried out the Measurement and analysis of photochemical vitality and chlorophyll concentration.Water draining tee valve 5 is connected with sample cell 2 by drainpipe 15, is used for the water sample of sample cell 2 internal reservoir is discharged buoy 11.Central control unit 6 is respectively with modulation fluorescence measurement unit 1, water plug 3, flowmeter 4, a plurality of inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn is connected with a plurality of pressure transducer 201～2nn and give its control, be used for measurement, the analysis of collection, discharging and the photosynthetic activity of control water sample, form Monitoring Data.Router 7 is connected with central control unit 6, is used for by wireless communication networks 40 Monitoring Data being sent to client 50.
In the present embodiment, the startup of water plug 3, flowmeter 4, a plurality of inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn, modulation fluorescence measurement unit 1, water draining tee valve 5, a plurality of pressure transducer 201～2nn and router 7 is by central control unit 6 controls.When taking water sample, the a plurality of inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn of central control unit 6 controls work alone in order successively, for example when inlet triplet for water valve 102 work, it extracts the water sample of self corresponding degree of depth, and each inlet triplet for water valve of other degree of depth all is in closed condition.And when modulating fluorescence measurement, central control unit 6 can be controlled again water plug 3 break-ofves, and control water draining tee valve 5 temporary transient sealings, remains static with the water sample that ensures sample cell 2 inside, carries out accurately photosynthesis surveying work.
For solar electric power supply system 300, it mainly comprises solar-electricity pool controller 8, battery pack 9 and solar panels 10 etc.Wherein, solar panels 10 are used for gathering sun power and being translated into electric energy, and battery pack 9 is used for storage of electrical energy.Solar-electricity pool controller 8 is connected with solar panels 10, battery pack 9 and central control unit 6 respectively, the power storage that is used for solar panels 10 are transformed is to battery pack 9, and power supply is carried in the backward electronic compartment of the electric power voltage stabilizing unit 100 of battery pack 9 outputs.
Fig. 3 is the entity structure synoptic diagram based on the sample cell of the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 3, this sample cell 2 can comprise sample cell cavity 17, sample cell water inlet pipe 18, sample cell inner sleeve 16, sample cell rising pipe 19 and flange 20 etc.Wherein, sample cell cavity 17 can be cylindrical, vertically is installed in the modulation fluorescence measurement unit 1, is used for storing water sample to be measured.Sample cell water inlet pipe 18 is connected with sampling pipe 12, is used for receiving the water sample that sampling pipe 12 transports.Sample cell inner sleeve 16 1 ends are connected with sample cell water inlet pipe 18, and the other end stretches into the bottom of sample cell cavity 17, are used for water sample is conveyed into sample cell cavity 17 straight down.Sample cell rising pipe 19 is connected with drainpipe 15 with the top of sample cell cavity 17 respectively, is used for the water sample of sample cell cavity 17 is discharged to drainpipe 15.Flange 20 lays respectively at end and the sample cell rising pipe 19 and the end that drainpipe 15 is connected that sample cell water inlet pipe 18 is connected with sampling pipe 12, guarantees the sealing of each pipeline.So, the flow direction of sample cell 2 inner water samples can be sample cell water inlet pipe 18 → sample cell inner sleeve 16 → sample cell cavity 17 → sample cell rising pipe 19.
Fig. 4 is the aforementioned method flow diagram that carries out the algal tufa early warning based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity of the employing of one embodiment of the invention.Present embodiment is continued to use element numbers and the partial content of previous embodiment, wherein adopts identical label to represent identical or approximate element, and has optionally omitted the explanation of constructed content.Explanation about clipped can be with reference to previous embodiment, and present embodiment no longer repeats to give unnecessary details.
As shown in Figure 4, and suitably with reference to figure 1～Fig. 3, this employing mainly comprises the steps: based on the method flow that the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity carries out the algal tufa early warning
Execution in step S401, inlet triplet for water valve and the water draining tee valve 5 of a certain degree of depth of central control unit 6 controls are opened.
Execution in step S402, water plug 3 starts, by the extraction decimation in time water sample of setting, the water sample flow velocity that flowmeter 4 synchro measures extract.Wherein, extraction time=water sample by the current degree of depth to the time+water sample of flowmeter 4 by flowmeter 4 to the time+Measuring Time of sample cell 2+time expand.Time expand, refer to that system is the water at certain depth place in order to ensure the water sample that extracts, and gets rid of and disturbs needed safe time in the formula.
Execution in step S403, reach the extraction time after, central control unit 6 control inlet triplet for water valves cut out, water plug 3 quits work, water draining tee valve 5 is in the sealing state, and the water samples in the sample cell 2 are remained static.
Execution in step S404, central control unit 6 control modulation fluorescence measurement unit 1 are measured photochemical vitality and the chlorophyll concentration of the water sample in the sample cell 2 and are formed Monitoring Data, and Monitoring Data is real-time transmitted to client 50 by router 7 via wireless communication networks 40.
Execution in step S405, after the measuring process of above-mentioned steps S404 was carried out end, inlet triplet for water valve and the water draining tee valve 5 of central control unit 6 another degree of depth of control were opened, and repeat above-mentioned steps S402～S404.
Execution in step S406 repeats above-mentioned steps S405, and inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn, water draining tee valve 5 and water plug 3 are closed in the end until the inlet triplet for water valve 101～1nn of all degree of depth all samples.
Execution in step S408, the Monitoring Data that shows according to client 50 in case photochemical vitality grew steadily in continuous many days and ascensional range when surpassing certain proportion, is sent the algal tufa early warning signal in real time.
In the present embodiment, the fate that grows steadily continuously that for example triggers the photochemical vitality of algal tufa early warning signal is 2～5 days; The ratio of ascensional range is 20～80%.
In the present embodiment, after executing above-mentioned steps S406, when finding to need other information of follow-up processing, can the step of the sampling of above-mentioned water body section, Measurement and analysis, the transmission of data constantly be cycled to repeat.Namely after having gathered water body cross-sectional data, can also comprise step:
Execution in step S407, central control unit 6 control algal tufa early warning buoyages repeat above-mentioned steps S401～S406 according to the time interval of setting, and carry out circulatory monitoring.
In addition, in the present embodiment, when central control unit 6 is controlled a certain degree of depth in step S401 inlet triplet for water valve is opened into water, can also obtain synchronously the hydraulic pressure data that the pressure transducer of current depth measures, in order to measure more accurately the depth of water degree of depth at current inlet triplet for water valve place, avoid because the excessive depth error that causes that wirerope 13 drifts cause of current.
Fig. 5 be one embodiment of the invention based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of the photosynthetic activity monitoring result curve map to Microcystis aeruginosa.In the present embodiment, employing is that fresh water typical case's bloom blue algae microcystic aeruginosa (Microcysis aeruginosa) is tested for material.Get in the Microcystis aeruginosa algae liquid access BG11 nutrient culture media that is in right amount exponential phase and cultivate according to a conventional method light-dark cycle 12h:12h, 25 ℃ of cultivation temperature, intensity of illumination 100 μ mol m
-2s
-1Program setting extracts algae liquid every 12h and enters sample cell measurement photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll concentration.
After inoculation, the variation of algae bio amount (being chlorophyll concentration in the present embodiment) generally is comprised of period of delay, logarithmic phase, stationary phase and decline phase four-stage.Since photosynthetic activity is the originally driving force of frustule growth, the variation of photosynthetic activity in theory just should want Zao than the variation of biomass so, that is to say, and be the variation that photosynthetic activity is arranged first, the variation of biomass is arranged again.The monitoring result of present embodiment is inoculated rear 0-4 days as shown in Figure 5, and photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll concentration all are in period of delay, without significant change; Since the 4th day, photosynthetic activity namely entered exponential phase, and chlorophyll concentration only had slight rising at 4-6 days; Until beginning in the 6th day, chlorophyll concentration just enters exponential phase.This shows that on the turning point that enters the logarithmic phase growth phase, the turning point of photosynthetic activity has shifted to an earlier date 2 days than the turning point of chlorophyll concentration in the present embodiment.Namely enter stationary phase since the 9th day photosynthetic activity, enter stationary phase and chlorophyll concentration will arrive the 12nd talent, photosynthetic specific activity chlorophyll concentration has shifted to an earlier date 3 days on the turning point of stationary phase entering.Since the 13rd day, photosynthetic activity namely entered decline phase, entered decline phase and chlorophyll concentration will arrive the 17th talent, was entering on the turning point of decline phase, and photosynthetic activity has shifted to an earlier date 4 days than chlorophyll concentration.Can find out from present embodiment, no matter be on the turning point of period of delay-logarithmic phase, logarithmic phase-stationary phase or stationary phase-decline phase, photosynthetic activity all shifts to an earlier date a couple of days than chlorophyll concentration, played the effect of good prediction early warning, illustrate that native system not only can be used for giving warning in advance of algal tufa generation, also can be used for the look-ahead of the whole generating and vanishing process of algal tufa.
The present invention changes to carry out the algal tufa early warning by the photochemical vitality of phytoplankton in the monitoring water body, and the method for early warning of more traditional measurement biomass can shift to an earlier date a couple of days and carry out early warning, is real algal tufa early warning system.
The present invention samples by section, can monitor biomass and the photochemical vitality of phytoplankton in the water column, growth change trend and the vertical migration situation of phytoplankton in can the reflection water column of science be the important foundation data that the research water ecosystem changes.
Section sampling unit of the present invention adopts wirerope to connect weight, has effectively avoided the drift of sampling pipe.Even in the larger place of current, by a small margin drift has occured in sampling pipe, and near the pressure transducer each inlet triplet for water valve also can be done calibration to sampling depth, does not affect the profile analysis to whole water column.
The present invention adopts solar electric power supply system that electric power is provided, and can really accomplish the purpose of unmanned, long-term, continuous sampling, in conjunction with the buoy monitoring device, can carry out long term monitoring to water body.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above, it is not to limit the present invention, and any those skilled in the art can make possible change and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, every content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, all falls within the protection domain that claim of the present invention defines any modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. algal tufa early warning buoyage based on photosynthetic activity comprises being installed in the inner electronic compartment unit (100) of buoy (11), being positioned at the solar electric power supply system (300) on described buoy (11) top and vertically being suspended on section sampling unit (200) below the described buoy (11); Wherein
Described section sampling unit (200) comprising:
Sampling pipe (12);
A plurality of inlet triplet for water valves (101～1nn), be installed on the described sampling pipe (12) every a segment distance, be used for gathering and carrying the water sample of different depth;
Wirerope (13) is connected with described buoy (11);
A plurality of pressure transducers (201～2nn), be installed on the described wirerope (13) every a segment distance, (101～1nn) are installed in respectively on the same level face accordingly, are used for measuring each described inlet triplet for water valve (101～1nn) hydraulic pressure of locating with each described inlet triplet for water valve; And
Weight (14) with being connected bottom of described wirerope (13), keeps vertically described wirerope (13) as far as possible;
Described electronic compartment unit (100) comprising:
Water plug (3) is connected with described sampling pipe (12), is used for extracting water sample;
Flowmeter (4) is connected with described water plug (3), is used for measuring the water sample flow velocity that extracts;
Sample cell (2) is connected with described flowmeter (4), is used for storing the water sample that extracts from different depth;
Modulation fluorescence measurement unit (1) is connected with described sample cell (2), is used for described water sample is carried out the Measurement and analysis of photochemical vitality and chlorophyll concentration;
Water draining tee valve (5) is connected with described sample cell (2) by drainpipe (15), is used for the water sample of described sample cell (2) internal reservoir is discharged described buoy (11);
Central control unit (6), respectively with described modulation fluorescence measurement unit (1), described water plug (3), described flowmeter (4), a plurality of described inlet triplet for water valve (101～1nn) with a plurality of described pressure transducers (201～2nn) are connected, be used for measurement, the analysis of collection, discharging and the photosynthetic activity of control water sample, form Monitoring Data; And
Router (7) is connected with described central control unit (6), is used for by wireless communication networks (40) described Monitoring Data being sent to client (50).
2. algal tufa early warning buoyage according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described solar electric power supply system (300) comprising:
Solar panels (10) are used for gathering sun power and being translated into electric energy;
Battery pack (9) is used for storing described electric energy; And
Solar-electricity pool controller (8), be connected with described solar panels (10), described battery pack (9) and described central control unit (6) respectively, the power storage that is used for described solar panels (10) are transformed arrives described battery pack (9), and power supply is carried in the backward described electronic compartment of the electric power voltage stabilizing unit (100) of described battery pack (9) output.
3. algal tufa early warning buoyage according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described inlet triplet for water valve (101～1nn) with described pressure transducer (201～2nn) number is 2～200.
4. algal tufa early warning buoyage according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described sample cell (2) comprising:
Sample cell cavity (17) vertically is installed in the described modulation fluorescence measurement unit (1), is used for storing water sample to be measured;
Sample cell water inlet pipe (18) is connected with described sampling pipe (12), is used for receiving the water sample that described sampling pipe (12) transports;
Sample cell inner sleeve (16), an end is connected with described sample cell water inlet pipe (18), and the other end stretches into the bottom of described sample cell cavity (17), is used for described water sample is conveyed into described sample cell cavity (17) straight down;
Sample cell rising pipe (19) is connected with described drainpipe (15) with the top of described sample cell cavity (17) respectively, is used for the water sample of described sample cell cavity (17) is discharged to described drainpipe (15);
Flange (20), lay respectively at end and described sample cell rising pipe (19) and the end that described drainpipe (15) is connected that described sample cell water inlet pipe (18) is connected with described sampling pipe (12), guarantee the sealing of each pipeline.
5. one kind is adopted each described method of carrying out the algal tufa early warning based on the algal tufa early warning buoyage of photosynthetic activity in the claim 1 to 4, comprises step:
A. inlet triplet for water valve and the water draining tee valve (5) of a certain degree of depth of central control unit (6) control are opened;
B. water plug (3) starts, by the extraction decimation in time water sample of setting, and the water sample flow velocity that flowmeter (4) synchro measure extracts;
C. after reaching the described extraction time, the described inlet triplet for water valve of described central control unit (6) control cuts out, described water plug (3) quits work, described water draining tee valve (5) is in the sealing state, and the water sample in the sample cell (2) is remained static;
D. described central control unit (6) control modulation fluorescence measurement unit (1) is measured photochemical vitality and the chlorophyll concentration of the water sample in the described sample cell (2) and is formed Monitoring Data, and described Monitoring Data is real-time transmitted to client (50) by router (7) via wireless communication networks (40);
E. after the measuring process of above-mentioned steps d finished, described central control unit (6) was controlled inlet triplet for water valve and the water draining tee valve (5) of another degree of depth and is opened, and repeated above-mentioned steps b～d;
F. repeat above-mentioned steps e, until the inlet triplet for water valve of all degree of depth (101～1nn) all sampling finish, close described inlet triplet for water valve (101～1nn), described water draining tee valve (5) and described water plug (3);
G. the Monitoring Data that shows according to described client (50) in case described photochemical vitality grew steadily in continuous many days and ascensional range when surpassing certain proportion, is sent the algal tufa early warning signal in real time.
6. method of carrying out the algal tufa early warning according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises step after above-mentioned steps f:
F1. the described algal tufa early warning buoyage of described central control unit (6) control repeats above-mentioned steps a～f according to the time interval of setting, and carries out circulatory monitoring.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described methods of carrying out the algal tufa early warning, it is characterized in that, described extraction time=described water sample by the current degree of depth to described flowmeter (4) time+described water sample by described flowmeter (4) to the time+Measuring Time of described sample cell (2)+time expand.
8. method of carrying out the algal tufa early warning according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described central control unit (6) is at the inlet triplet for water valve of a certain degree of depth of control when opening into water, obtains synchronously the hydraulic pressure data that the pressure transducer of current depth measures.
9. method of carrying out the algal tufa early warning according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the fate scope that grows steadily continuously that triggers the described photochemical vitality of algal tufa early warning signal is 2～5 days.
10. according to claim 5 or 9 described methods of carrying out the algal tufa early warning, it is characterized in that the ratio of ascensional range that triggers the described photochemical vitality of algal tufa early warning signal is 20～80%.
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