CN102801416A - Phase lock loop circuit - Google Patents
Phase lock loop circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN102801416A CN102801416A CN2011101398169A CN201110139816A CN102801416A CN 102801416 A CN102801416 A CN 102801416A CN 2011101398169 A CN2011101398169 A CN 2011101398169A CN 201110139816 A CN201110139816 A CN 201110139816A CN 102801416 A CN102801416 A CN 102801416A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase lock loop circuit, which comprises a phase frequency detector, a coarse tune low-pass filter module, a voltage control oscillator module and a feedback path, wherein the phase frequency detector is used for comparing the frequencies and phases of an input signal and a feedback signal; the coarse tune low-pass filter module is coupled with the phase frequency detector, and is used for performing low-pass filtering on a control signal with a gradually reduced frequency width to generate a filtered signal, and the control signal indicates a comparison result of the input signal and the feedback signal; the voltage control oscillator module has a first voltage control oscillation gain and a second voltage control oscillation gain, and generates an output signal according to the control signal and the filtered signal; and the feedback path provides a feedback signal for the phase frequency detector according to the output signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phase-locked loop circuit, relate in particular to a kind of phase-locked loop circuit that can also accurately lock required frequency and phase place fast.
Background technology
(Phase Lock Loop, PLL) evolution of circuit is of long duration, and still is the angle of wanting of technology investigation so far, mainly uses very extensively because of it and has high development potentiality in the phase-locked loop.In brief; The basic mass action of phase-locked loop circuit promptly is to use the extremely low oscillation source of frequency variation amount as reference; Feedback effect via the loop circuit control system; Drive the action of the element of variable frequency, make it reach synchronous state with oscillation source fast and sustainedly and stably, be phase locking (Phase Locked).
In addition, present phase-locked loop circuit much adopts the double loop of coarse adjustment loop (coarse tune loop) and fine setting loop (fine tune loop) coexistence to design.Typical phase-locked loop, simulated dual loop can use big resistance and big electric capacity to constitute its coarse adjustment loop, to produce the very limit of low frequency (pole) under the considering of stability.In addition, for the stability of phase-locked loop, double loop in when locking, then with the fine setting loop be designed to mainly consider.Traditional phase-locked loop, double loop its voltage controlled oscillator of framework (voltage control oscillator) has low frequency gain (frequencygain; Kvco), and thereby have low phase noise (Phase Noise) and splendid PSRR (power supply rejection ratio, PSRR).
Yet double loop of the prior art phase-locked loop circuit is fixing and is exceedingly limited to because of the frequency range of its coarse adjustment low pass filter, so the disadvantage of traditional double loop phase-locked loop circuit is that its locking reaction speed is very slow.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of phase-locked loop circuit that can also accurately lock required frequency and phase place fast.
The present invention proposes a kind of phase-locked loop circuit, and it comprises phase-frequency detector, coarse adjustment low pass filter module, voltage controlled oscillator module and feedback path.Phase-frequency detector is in order to the frequency and the phase place of comparator input signal and feedback signal.Coarse adjustment low pass filter module is used for the frequency range that dwindles with progressive, a control signal of the comparative result of indicating above-mentioned phase-frequency detector is carried out LPF, and produce filtering signal.The voltage controlled oscillator module is used for producing first oscillator signal with the gain of first VCO according to control signal; And be used for producing second oscillator signal according to filtering signal, and produce the output signal according to first oscillator signal and second oscillator signal with the gain of second VCO.Wherein the gain of second VCO is higher than the gain of first VCO.Feedback path is used for providing feedback signal to phase-frequency detector according to the output signal.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned voltage controlled oscillator module comprises first voltage controlled oscillator, second voltage controlled oscillator and blender.First voltage controlled oscillator has first VCO gain, and is coupled to phase-frequency detector, in order to according to control signal to produce first oscillator signal.Second voltage controlled oscillator has the gain of second VCO, and is coupled to coarse adjustment low pass filter module, is used for according to filtering signal to produce second oscillator signal.Blender is coupled to first voltage controlled oscillator and second voltage controlled oscillator, is used to mix first oscillator signal and second oscillator signal to produce the output signal.
In one embodiment of this invention, the frequency range of above-mentioned coarse adjustment low pass filter module whenever dwindles a set value at a distance from a predetermined period.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned coarse adjustment low pass filter module comprises first low pass filter and frequency range controller.First low pass filter coupled to voltage controlled oscillator module is used for adjusting frequency range according to the frequency range control signal, and comes control signal is carried out LPF with adjusted frequency range, and produces filtering signal.The frequency range controller is used for producing and providing frequency range to control signal to first low pass filter, to dwindle above-mentioned frequency range progressively.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned frequency range controller comprises the timer and second low pass filter.Timer is used to produce triggering signal.Second low pass filter is used for producing the frequency range control signal according to triggering signal.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned timer whenever produces triggering signal at a distance from a predetermined period, dwindles above-mentioned frequency range at a distance from predetermined period generation frequency range control signal to indicate first low pass filter so that second low pass filter is every.
In one embodiment of this invention, the first above-mentioned low pass filter comprises variable resistor and electric capacity.Variable resistor is coupled to phase-frequency detector, is used for changing its resistance value according to the frequency range control signal.Electric capacity has first end that is coupled to system voltage, and is coupled to second end of variable resistor with the output filtering signal.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned phase-locked loop circuit also comprises charge pump.Charge pump is coupled to phase-frequency detector, produces control signal with the comparative result according to phase-frequency detector
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned phase-locked loop circuit also comprises loop filter.Loop filter is coupled to charge pump, and the control signal that is used for that charge pump is exported is carried out filtering to provide to coarse adjustment low pass filter module and voltage controlled oscillator module.
Based on above-mentioned, the frequency range of the coarse adjustment low pass filter module of phase-locked loop circuit of the present invention can be dwindled progressively.Phase-locked loop circuit is when carrying out frequency lock, but the frequency range of its coarse adjustment low pass filter module is a dynamic change, and makes phase-locked loop circuit just confirm rapidly its output signal frequency is locked in specific frequency.
For letting the above-mentioned feature and advantage of the present invention can be more obviously understandable, hereinafter is special lifts embodiment, and conjunction with figs. elaborates as follows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of the phase-locked loop circuit of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the functional-block diagram of the frequency range controller of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of first low pass filter of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of first low pass filter of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of loop filter of the phase-locked loop circuit of one embodiment of the invention.
Reference numeral:
100: phase-locked loop circuit
110: phase-frequency detector
120: coarse adjustment low pass filter module
122: the frequency range controller
124: the first low pass filters
126: timer
128: the second low pass filters
130: the VCO module
132: the first voltage controlled oscillators
134: the second voltage controlled oscillators
136: blender
140: feedback path
730: charge pump
740: loop filter
C: electric capacity
C1: first electric capacity
C2: second electric capacity
C
A～C
n: electric capacity
R: variable resistor
Ra, R1: resistance
Fref: input signal
Fo: feedback signal
F
1: first oscillator signal
F
2: second oscillator signal
VDD: first system voltage
VSS: second system voltage
K1: first VCO gain
K2: second VCO gain
S0～SN: switch
S
C: control signal
S
F: filtering signal
St: triggering signal
S
W: the frequency range control signal
S
W[0]～S
W[N]: bit
S
U: the control signal of boosting
S
D: the step-down control signal
Fout: output signal
Embodiment
In following examples, at the initial stage that phase-locked loop circuit locks, a central coarse adjustment low pass filter module is set to has bigger frequency range, therefore output signal frequency is adjusted near the desired frequency apace.In addition, in the latter stage that phase-locked loop circuit locks, this coarse adjustment low pass filter module is set to has less frequency range, therefore can make output signal frequency be adjusted to desired frequency exactly.As a result, this phase-locked loop circuit can correctly be locked in specific frequency with its output signal frequency again rapidly.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of the phase-locked loop circuit 100 of first embodiment of the invention.(phase frequency detector PFD) in order to frequency and the phase place of comparator input signal Fref and feedback signal Fo, and according to comparative result, produces the control signal S that boosts to phase-frequency detector 110
UAnd step-down control signal S
D
In addition, according to designing requirement, phase-locked loop circuit 100 also optionally comprises a loop filter 740.Loop filter 740 is coupled to charge pump 730, is used for the control signal S that charge pump 730 is exported
CCarry out filtering.
Coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 is coupled to phase-frequency detector 110, in order to receive the control signal S of the comparative result of indicating phase-frequency detector 110
CAs previously mentioned, in some embodiment, coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 is to be coupled to phase-frequency detector 110 through charge pump 730, so control signal S
CReceive and get by charge pump 730.And in other embodiment, then also can be coupled to phase-frequency detector 110, so control signal S through loop filter 740
CCan receive and get by loop filter 740.
Coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 is used for a progressive frequency range that dwindles, to control signal S
CCarry out LPF, and produce filtering signal S
FIn other words, after phase-locked loop circuit 100 came into operation, the frequency range of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 can be dwindled progressively.
Fig. 1 also shows the embodiment of a thin bilge construction of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120.As shown in Figure 1, coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 comprises first low pass filter 124 and frequency range controller 122, wherein the frequency range of first low pass filter 124 be above-mentioned coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 by diminishing frequency range.First low pass filter 124 is coupled to frequency range controller 122, is used for receiving a frequency range control signal S by frequency range controller 122
WAdjust its frequency range.In other words, at frequency range control signal S
WControl under, the frequency range of first low pass filter 124 (being the frequency range of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120) can little by little be dwindled.In addition, first low pass filter 124 can receive control signal S
C, come control signal S with adjusted frequency range
CCarry out LPF, and produce filtering signal S
F, and with filtering signal S
F Offer VCO module 130.
Fig. 1 also shows the embodiment of a thin bilge construction of VCO module 130.As shown in Figure 1, VCO module 130 can comprise first voltage controlled oscillator 132, second voltage controlled oscillator 134 and blender 136.First voltage controlled oscillator 132 has above-mentioned first VCO gain K1, and is coupled to phase-frequency detector 110, in order to according to control signal S
CTo produce the first oscillator signal F
1Second voltage controlled oscillator 134 has second VCO gain K2, and is coupled to coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120, is used for according to filtering signal S
FTo produce the second oscillator signal F
2Blender 136 is coupled to first voltage controlled oscillator 132 and second voltage controlled oscillator 134, is used to mix the first oscillator signal F
1With the second oscillator signal F
2To produce output signal Fout.Wherein, the frequency of output signal Fout equals the first oscillator signal F
1The frequency and the second oscillator signal F
2The summation of frequency.
Voltage controlled oscillator module 130 also is coupled to phase-frequency detector 110 via a feedback path 140.Feedback path 140 can be coupled between voltage controlled oscillator module 130 and the phase-frequency detector 110, and being used for provides feedback signal Fo to this phase-frequency detector according to this output signal Fout.
It should be noted that in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 output signal Fout and feedback signal Fo are same signals.Yet the present invention is not as limit.For example, in other embodiments, feedback path 140 includes one or more frequency eliminator, that is feedback signal Fo can be that output signal Fout produces behind the frequency eliminator frequency elimination of feedback path 140.
Under above-mentioned configuration, when the frequency of the frequency of input signal Fref and phase place and feedback signal Fo and phase place not simultaneously, phase-frequency detector 110 can be by changing control signal S
CCurrent potential; Adjust frequency and the phase place of the feedback signal Fo that VCO module 130 produced; Further make frequency and the phase place of feedback signal Fo level off to frequency and the phase place of input signal Fref; And finally make feedback signal Fo and both frequencies of input signal Fref and phase place identical, and accomplish the locking of output signal Fout and feedback signal Fo.
Careful, by phase-frequency detector 110 input signal Fref is compared with frequency and the phase place of feedback signal Fo, can change control signal S according to comparative result
CCurrent potential, and and then utilize VCO module 130 to change the first oscillator signal F
1Frequency.In addition, because filtering signal S
FBe that coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 is with control signal S
CCarry out LPF and get, that is filtering signal S
FCurrent potential and control signal S
CCurrent potential between the relevant of certain degree arranged.Therefore, as control signal S
CCurrent potential when being adjusted, filtering signal S
FCurrent potential also change thereupon, and then can change the second oscillator signal F by VCO module 130
2Frequency.As a result, by adjustment control signal S
CCurrent potential, can change the first oscillator signal F simultaneously
1With the second oscillator signal F
2Frequency, and then change frequency and the phase place of feedback signal Fo.After repeating above-mentioned adjustment, the frequency of feedback signal Fo and phase place can level off to frequency and the phase place of input signal Fref, finally reach the locking of output signal Fout and feedback signal Fo
It must be appreciated that because coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 has the progressive frequency range that dwindles, so phase-locked loop circuit 100 can just confirmed again rapidly feedback signal Fo is locked in specific frequency.Below will specify its principle.
In the process of the frequency of phase-locked loop circuit 100 locking feedback signal Fo and phase place, the reaction speed of its locking is relevant with the frequency range of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120.When the frequency range of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 was big more, the locking reaction speed of phase-locked loop circuit 100 was slow more, but the frequency accuracy of locking is then lower.Otherwise, when the frequency range of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 more hour, the locking reaction speed of phase-locked loop circuit 100 is fast more, but has higher accuracy.
In the present embodiment, after phase-locked loop circuit 100 came into operation, the frequency range of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 was set at progressively and dwindles.Thus, at the initial stage that feedback signal Fo is locked, because of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 has bigger frequency range, the frequency of feedback signal Fo can be adjusted to earlier near the frequency of input signal Fref apace at phase-locked loop circuit 100.Next, in the latter stage that feedback signal Fo is locked, because of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120 has less frequency range, the frequency of feedback signal Fo can be adjusted to the frequency of input signal Fref exactly at phase-locked loop circuit 100.As a result, phase-locked loop circuit 100 can just confirmed again rapidly feedback signal Fo is locked in specific frequency.
It should be noted that thin bilge construction shown in Figure 1 only makes the purposes of example explanation.Other all different circuits all can adopt and realize VCO module 130, as long as can be according to control signal S
CWith filtering signal S
FAnd produce two oscillator signals, and produce output signal Fout according to these two oscillator signals again and get final product.
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the functional-block diagram of the frequency range controller 122 of one embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, frequency range controller 122 comprises the timer 126 and second low pass filter 128.Timer 126 is used to produce triggering signal St.Second low pass filter 128 is coupled to timer 126, is used for producing above-mentioned frequency range control signal S according to triggering signal St
W
Preferably, timer 126 can whenever produce triggering signal St at a distance from a predetermined period (for example 50 milliseconds), dwindles its frequency range so that second low pass filter, 128 every separated above-mentioned predetermined period are controlled first low pass filter 124.Thus, the frequency range of first low pass filter 124 can be turned down one by one.In addition, this turns down frequency range that operation can be performed until first low pass filter 124 and is contracted to till the preset minimum frequency range.It must be appreciated that above-mentioned predetermined period and minimum frequency range all can be complied with actual demand, and give different settings, and the present invention is not as limit.
For realizing above-mentioned mode of operation, in an embodiment, timer 126 is configurable to be whenever to produce triggering signal St at a distance from a predetermined period, every at a distance from predetermined period generation frequency range control signal S to trigger second low pass filter 128
WWhenever first low pass filter 124 receives frequency range control signal S
WThe time, its frequency range can dwindle a set value.As a result, the frequency range of first low pass filter 124 (being the frequency range of coarse adjustment low pass filter module 120) whenever can dwindle a set value at a distance from a predetermined period.
It should be noted that timer 126 can be reseted, restart to lock input signal Fref and feedback signal Fo to make phase-locked loop circuit 100.For example, in one embodiment,, promptly can send corresponding triggering signal St, produce corresponding frequency range control signal S to make second low pass filter 128 when timer 126 receives when reseting signal Rst
W, and make the frequency range of first low pass filter 124 revert to the state that does not originally dwindle as yet.After timer 126 is reseted, can again trigger second low pass filter 128, to dwindle the frequency range of first low pass filter 124.
Please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of first low pass filter 124 of one embodiment of the invention.First low pass filter 124 comprises variable resistor R and capacitor C.Variable resistor R is coupled to phase-frequency detector 110.First end of capacitor C is coupled to the first system voltage VDD, and second end of capacitor C is coupled to variable resistor R with output filtering signal S
FUnder this configuration, frequency range controller 122 can transmit frequency range control signal S
WTo first low pass filter 124, changing the resistance value of variable resistor R, and then dwindle the frequency range of first low pass filter 124.In other words, variable resistor R is according to frequency range control signal S
WChange the resistance value of itself.
Please refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of first low pass filter 124 of another embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, first low pass filter 124 comprises resistance R a, a plurality of capacitor C
A～C
nAnd a plurality of switch S 0～SN.Resistance R a is coupled to phase-frequency detector 110.Each capacitor C
A～C
nFirst end be coupled to the first system voltage VDD, capacitor C
ASecond end be coupled to resistance R a, and capacitor C
B～C
nSecond end be coupled to resistance R a through switch S 0～SN.In the present embodiment, above-mentioned frequency range control signal S
WBe the digital controlled signal of (N+1) bit, its each bit is in order to one of them switch in the middle of control switch S0～SN.For example: bit S
W[0] in order to control switch S0, bit S
W[1] in order to control switch S1, bit S
W[N] is in order to control switch SN.By the opening of control switch S0～SN, can change capacitor C
A～C
nWhole equivalent capacitance value, and then change the frequency range of first low pass filter 124.
It must be appreciated that first low pass filter 124 among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is merely two kinds in spendable various first low pass filters of phase-locked loop circuit of the present invention, the present invention is not as limit.For example Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 can combine to implement.Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that first low pass filter can also utilize other circuit forms to implement.
Please refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of loop filter 740 of the phase-locked loop circuit of one embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, loop filter 740 has resistance R 1, first capacitor C 1 and second capacitor C 2, to constitute resistance-capacitance (RC) loop.One end of first capacitor C 1 and second capacitor C 2 is coupled to the second system voltage VSS, and the other end of first capacitor C 1 is coupled to an end of resistance R 1, and the other end of resistance R 1 is coupled to charge pump 730.The function of loop filter 740 is the LPF charge pump 730 control signal S that exports
C, with filtering control signal S
CIn high-frequency noise, and then promote the stability of VCO module 130 when running.It must be appreciated that the loop filter 740 among Fig. 5 is merely a kind of in the spendable various low pass filters of phase-locked loop circuit of the present invention, the present invention is not as limit.Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that employed low pass filter can be implemented with other circuit forms in the various embodiments of the present invention.
In sum; The phase-locked loop circuit of the foregoing description is when carrying out frequency lock; But the frequency range of its coarse adjustment low pass filter module is a dynamic change, and can be dwindled progressively, therefore can correctly its output signal frequency be locked in specific frequency again rapidly.
Though the present invention discloses as above with embodiment, so it is not in order to limiting the present invention, any under the those of ordinary skill of technical field, when can doing a little change and retouching, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. phase-locked loop circuit comprises:
One phase-frequency detector is in order to compare the frequency and the phase place of an input signal and a feedback signal;
One coarse adjustment low pass filter module is used for a progressive frequency range that dwindles, and a control signal of the comparative result of indicating this phase-frequency detector is carried out LPF, and produce a filtering signal;
One voltage controlled oscillator module; Be used for producing one first oscillator signal according to this control signal with the gain of one first VCO; And be used for producing one second oscillator signal according to this filtering signal with the gain of one second VCO; And according to this first oscillator signal and this second oscillator signal generation one output signal, wherein this second VCO gain is higher than this first VCO gain; And
One feedback path is used for providing this feedback signal to this phase-frequency detector according to this output signal.
2. phase-locked loop circuit according to claim 1, wherein this voltage controlled oscillator module comprises:
One first voltage controlled oscillator, it has the gain of this first VCO, and is coupled to this phase-frequency detector, in order to according to this control signal to produce this first oscillator signal;
One second voltage controlled oscillator, it has this second VCO gain, and is coupled to this coarse adjustment low pass filter module, is used for according to this filtering signal to produce this second oscillator signal; And
One blender is coupled to this first voltage controlled oscillator and this second voltage controlled oscillator, is used to mix this first oscillator signal and this second oscillator signal to produce this output signal.
3. phase-locked loop circuit according to claim 1, wherein this frequency range of this coarse adjustment low pass filter module whenever dwindles a set value at a distance from a predetermined period.
4. phase-locked loop circuit according to claim 1, wherein this coarse adjustment low pass filter module comprises:
One first low pass filter is coupled to this voltage controlled oscillator module, is used for adjusting this frequency range according to a frequency range control signal, and comes this control signal is carried out LPF with adjusted this frequency range, and produce this filtering signal; And
One frequency range controller is used for producing and providing this frequency range to control signal to this first low pass filter, to dwindle this frequency range progressively.
5. phase-locked loop circuit according to claim 4, wherein this frequency range controller comprises:
One timer is used to produce a triggering signal; And
One second low pass filter is used for producing this frequency range control signal according to this triggering signal.
6. phase-locked loop circuit according to claim 5; Wherein this timer whenever produces this triggering signal at a distance from a predetermined period, dwindles this frequency range at a distance from this this frequency range control signal of predetermined period generation to indicate this first low pass filter so that this second low pass filter is every.
7. phase-locked loop circuit according to claim 4, wherein this first low pass filter comprises:
One variable resistor is coupled to this phase-frequency detector, is used for changing its resistance value according to this frequency range control signal; And
One electric capacity, it has one first end and is coupled to a system voltage, and one second end is coupled to this variable resistor to export this filtering signal.
8. phase-locked loop circuit according to claim 1 wherein also comprises a charge pump, is coupled to this phase-frequency detector, produces this control signal with this comparative result according to this phase-frequency detector.
9. phase-locked loop circuit according to claim 8; Wherein also comprise a loop filter; Be coupled to this charge pump, this control signal that is used for this charge pump is exported is carried out filtering to provide to this coarse adjustment low pass filter module and this voltage controlled oscillator module.
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| CN201110139816.9A CN102801416B (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-05-27 | Phase lock loop circuit |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN109217868A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-15 | 恩智浦有限公司 | phase-locked loop |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102801416B (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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