CN102801090B - Long-pulse fiber laser - Google Patents
Long-pulse fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN102801090B CN102801090B CN201210286694.0A CN201210286694A CN102801090B CN 102801090 B CN102801090 B CN 102801090B CN 201210286694 A CN201210286694 A CN 201210286694A CN 102801090 B CN102801090 B CN 102801090B
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- fiber
- optical fiber
- long pulse
- inner cladding
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Abstract
The invention relates to a long-pulse fiber laser. The long-pulse fiber laser comprises a pumping source laser, a coupling focusing unit, a first fiber Bragg grating, a dielectric fiber and a second fiber Bragg grating, wherein the first fiber Bragg grating and the second fiber Bragg grating are respectively photoetched on both ends of a fiber core of the dielectric fiber. Compared with the traditional fiber laser technology, the long-pulse fiber laser directly adopts a long-pulse lamp pump solid laser as a pumping source, and the long-pulse, high-average-power and high-peak-power output of the fiber laser is realized.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to Fiber laser technology.Specifically, the present invention relates to long pulse fiber laser.
[background technology]
Along with scientific and technical development, also growing and development is rapidly for laser technology.Laser technology has been deep into the every aspect of people's life, is widely applied to the every field such as scientific research, defence and military, space optical communication, health care, bioengineering, industry manufacture and amusement.
According to operation material, divide, laser is roughly divided into gas laser, dye laser, semiconductor laser, solid state laser and fiber laser.Fiber laser, with advantages such as its compactedness is good, lightweight, the life-span is high, wavelength diversity, good beam quality, variety diversity, non-maintaining, transmission is convenient, is subject to terminal use's favor day by day.As the up-and-coming youngster of laser field, fiber laser is progressively replacing or is being substituted the laser of some conventional solid laser and other kind.
Single mode list cladded fiber is generally applied in optical communication industry, cannot be applied in high power fiber laser.High power fiber laser generally all adopts single-mode double-clad optical fiber.Single-mode double-clad doped fiber be otherwise known as " luminance transducer ",, multimode pump light is coupled to focus on and enters in the inner cladding of single-mode double-clad doped fiber, and laser vibrates, amplifies in the fiber core with single-mold of single-mode double-clad doped fiber, the last good single-mode laser of output beam quality.
Conventional solid laser generally adopts independently lens unit to make front and rear mirror, needs often to clean front and rear mirror and adjust light path.If it is front and rear mirror that fiber laser also adopts independently lens unit, make troubles to fiber laser maintenance in use.In order to realize fiber laser " non-maintaining ", fiber laser generally adopts a pair of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG as the front and rear mirror of fiber laser.
In existing long pulse Fiber laser technology, adopt continuous laser diode pumping and carry out modulated laser diode and obtain long-pulse output with pulse signal generator.The fiber laser cost of this technology is high, and average output power is not high enough, and its peak power is still not high enough, is only 1-3 kilowatt, and punching depth as shallow is only applied in the cutting and welding of ultra thin plate.Existing long pulse optical-fiber laser still cannot meet compared with the requirement of the cutting of slab and welding.Therefore be necessary, on the basis of existing Solid State Laser technology and Fiber laser technology, to design the long pulse fiber laser of a kind of lower cost, high average output power, high-peak power.
[summary of the invention]
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and the long pulse fiber laser of a kind of lower cost, high average output power, high-peak power is provided.
To achieve these goals, long pulse fiber laser of the present invention comprises: the pumping source laser of placing successively along beam Propagation direction, coupling focusing unit, the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, medium optical fiber and the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG; Wherein, described the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and the photoetching of the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG difference are at the fibre core two ends of described medium optical fiber.
Further, described coupling focusing unit is single element lens or set of lenses, is coated with the deielectric-coating of high permeability on two logical light faces of described single element lens or set of lenses.
Further, described pumping source laser comprises laser bar, pumping lamp, the resonant cavity, the cavity for focusing that total reflective mirror and half anti-mirror, consist of, described laser bar, pumping lamp are parallel to each other and are placed between described total reflective mirror, half anti-mirror, and described laser bar, pumping lamp are set in cavity for focusing.
Further, described laser bar is for mixing Nd
3+laser bar.
Further, described laser bar working media is YAG crystal.
Further, described pumping lamp is xenon lamp.
Further, the pulse duration of described pumping source laser is ten microsecond-millisecond magnitudes.
Further, described medium optical fiber also comprises the inner cladding that is set in outside described fibre core, is set in the surrounding layer outside inner cladding.
Further, described medium optical fiber is ytterbium-doped double-cladded-layer monomode fiber.
Further, described double clad single-mode fiber is selected from eccentric structure doubly clad optical fiber, the doubly clad optical fiber of D type inner cladding, a kind of in the doubly clad optical fiber of the doubly clad optical fiber of oval inner cladding or rectangle inner cladding.
Further, the doubly clad optical fiber of described D type inner cladding, core diameter is that 5 microns, numerical aperture are 0.15, inner cladding diameter is that 74 microns, numerical aperture are 0.22.
Further, the pulse duration of described long pulse fiber laser is ten microsecond-millisecond magnitudes.
Long pulse fiber laser of the present invention compared with prior art, adopting the long pulse pump solid state laser of jumping lights is pumping source, meet the requirement of fiber laser to long pulse, high average output power and high-peak power, also reduced the cost of long pulse fiber laser simultaneously.Adopt single-mode double-clad optical fiber, output beam quality approaches the laser of diffraction limit.Adopt a pair of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG as the front and rear mirror of fiber laser, realized fiber laser " non-maintaining ".
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of long pulse fiber laser of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the rough schematic view of pumping source laser in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is doubly clad optical fiber structural representation in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG in doubly clad optical fiber in another embodiment of the present invention.
Label declaration
1: pumping source laser
2: coupling focusing unit
3: medium optical fiber
4: the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBGs
5: the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBGs
11: laser bar
12: pumping lamp
13: total reflective mirror
14: half anti-mirrors
21: fibre core
22: inner cladding
23: surrounding layer
[embodiment]
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
What Fig. 1 represented is the structural representation of long pulse fiber laser of the present invention.Long pulse fiber laser provided by the invention comprises: the pumping source laser 1 of placing successively along beam Propagation direction, coupling focusing unit 2, the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 4, medium optical fiber 3 and the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 5; Wherein, described the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 4 and the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 5 difference photoetching are at the fibre core two ends of described medium optical fiber 3.
In more detail, described pumping source laser 1 of the present invention is lamp pump solid state laser, described lamp pump solid state laser is that output pulse width ten microsecond-millisecond magnitudes, peak power can reach the long pulse Solid State Laser of 10 kilowatts, as the pumping source of long pulse fiber laser; Described coupling focusing unit 2 is single element lens or set of lenses, and described coupling focusing unit 2 enters medium optical fiber 3 for the light beam of the focal pumping source laser 1 that is coupled; Described medium optical fiber 3 is the working media of long pulse fiber laser; Described the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 4 photoetching are on the fibre core of one end (near one end of coupling focusing unit 2) of described medium optical fiber 3; Described the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 5 photoetching are on the fibre core of the other end (away from one end of coupling focusing unit 2) of described medium optical fiber 3.
The pumping source laser 1 of described long pulse is coupled to focus on through coupling focusing unit 2 and enters medium optical fiber 3, and is absorbed by medium optical fiber 3; Rare earth element generation population inversion and the energy level transition of adulterating of described medium optical fiber 3, laser emission is reciprocating vibration, amplification between the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 4 and the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 5; Finally, the laser of long pulse fiber laser is by described the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 5 coupling output, and output wavelength is 1080-1160 nanometer, and pulse duration is ten microsecond-millisecond magnitudes, and peak power can arrive 10 kilowatts of left and right.
The deielectric-coating that is coated with high permeability on two logical light faces of described single element lens or set of lenses, described deielectric-coating can reduce reflection loss, and specifically in the present invention, described deielectric-coating is the deielectric-coating to 1064 nanometer high permeabilities.
What Fig. 2 represented is the rough schematic view of pumping source laser.Described pumping source laser 1 comprises laser bar 11, pumping lamp 12, the resonant cavity, the cavity for focusing (not shown) that the anti-mirror 14 of total reflective mirror 13, half, consist of, described laser bar 11, pumping lamp 12 are parallel to each other and are placed between the anti-mirror 14 of described total reflective mirror 13, half, and described laser bar 11, pumping lamp 12 are set in cavity for focusing; Described lamp pump solid state laser,, there is population inversion and energy level transition in the pumping luminous energy of the rare earth element absorptive pumping lamp 12 of laser bar 11, and laser emission is reciprocating vibration between total reflective mirror 13 and half anti-mirror 14, finally by half anti-mirror 14 coupling outputs.The pulse duration of pumping source laser 1 is ten microsecond-millisecond magnitudes, and peak power can arrive 10 kilowatts of left and right.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described laser bar 11 adopts and mixes Nd
3+laser bar.The laser bar 11 of lamp pump solid state laser of the present invention adopts Nd
3+, Yb
3+, Er
3+, Tm
3+, Ho
3+in rare earth element; On the one hand, rare earth element er
3+, Tm
3+, Ho
3+the wavelength of transmitting is compared Nd
3+and Yb
3+the wavelength of transmitting will be grown, and because optical maser wavelength is longer, material is less to the absorption coefficient of this laser, is unfavorable for the absorption to optical maser wavelength, and commercial Application seldom adopts Er
3+, Tm
3+, Ho
3+rare earth element; On the other hand, rare earth element y b
3+absorption to the long bandwidth emission spectrum of pumping lamp 12 transmittings is lower, causes the light-light conversion efficiency of lamp pump solid state laser low.Therefore, described laser bar 11 of the present invention preferably adopts and mixes Nd
3+laser bar.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the working media of the laser bar 11 of described lamp pump solid state laser adopts the crystal such as YAG, KGW, YLF, YAP.The working media of described laser bar 11 of the present invention preferably adopts YAG crystal.
In one embodiment of this invention, for obtaining the long-pulse output of long pulse fiber laser, pumping lamp 12 of the present invention preferably adopts xenon lamp.
What Fig. 3 represented is the structural representation of medium optical fiber of the present invention.In the present invention, described medium optical fiber 3 is double clad single-mode fiber structure; Be specially, described medium optical fiber 3 comprises fibre core 21, be set in inner cladding 22 outside fibre core 21, be set in the surrounding layer 23 outside inner cladding 22, and the diameter of described inner cladding 22 is greater than the diameter of described fibre core 21.Double clad single-mode fiber structure of the present invention is compared to single covering monomode fiber, and the multi-mode laser of exporting from pumping source laser 1 is more easily coupled to focus on and enters in inner cladding 22.
The fibre core 21 of medium optical fiber 3 of the present invention can doped with rare-earth elements Nd
3+, Yb
3+, Er
3+, Tm
3+, Ho
3+in a kind of or carry out codope.
Pumping source laser 1 of the present invention adopts mixes Nd
3+laser bar, its optical maser wavelength is 1064 nanometers.Ytterbium ion Yb
3+absorption spectrum in 915,980 nanometers, there are two large absworption peaks, can launch 1080-1160 nanometer laser, and Yb
3+ion has three-level structure, without Excited-state Absorption and low fluorescent quenching effect.Take 1064 nanometer lasers as pumping source, Yb
3+stokes efficiency than take 915,980 nanometer lasers as pumping source high.Preferably, the present invention selects ytterbium-doped double-cladded-layer monomode fiber.
Further, the length of ytterbium-doped double-cladded-layer monomode fiber of the present invention is at 10-100 rice.Due to Yb
3+absorption spectrum in 915,980 nanometers, have two large absworption peaks, and 1064 nanometers 980 nanometer absworption peak bands edge on, so Yb
3+at the absorption coefficient of 1064 nanometers and absorption cross-section well below in 915,980 nanometers.The length of ytterbium-doped double-cladded-layer monomode fiber of the present invention is controlled at 10-100 rice, can make up absorption coefficient and absorption cross-section not enough, that is, the length of ytterbium-doped double-cladded-layer monomode fiber of the present invention 10-100 rice can be efficiently, absorptive pumping source laser 1 fully.
Pumping source laser 1 of the present invention is coupled focusing unit 2 coupling focusing and enters on the inner cladding 22 in medium optical fiber 3; Described pumping source laser 1 is in the interface generation total reflection of inner cladding 22 and surrounding layer 23, and pumping source laser 1 transmits before inner cladding 22 introversions are folded to, and in the process of transmission forward, by the rare earth element in fibre core 21, is absorbed.
What Fig. 3 represented is doubly clad optical fiber structural representation in one embodiment of the invention.Wherein, a is positive core structure doubly clad optical fiber, and fibre core, inner cladding, surrounding layer are concentric; B is eccentric structure doubly clad optical fiber, and inner cladding, surrounding layer are concentric, fibre core and inner cladding, surrounding layer eccentric setting; C is the doubly clad optical fiber of D type inner cladding, and described inner cladding is D type; D is the doubly clad optical fiber of oval inner cladding, described inner cladding ovalize; E is the doubly clad optical fiber of rectangle inner cladding, and described inner cladding is rectangular.
Because rare earth element depends primarily on Area Ratio and the inner cladding structure of rear-earth-doped concentration, fibre core and inner cladding to the absorption of pumping source laser 1.In the situation that fiber lengths, rear-earth-doped concentration, fibre core are the same with the Area Ratio of inner cladding, above-mentioned five kinds of doubly clad optical fiber structures are tested, result shows, a: the double clad structured optical fiber of positive core structure is the poorest to the absorption of pumping source laser 1, and laser output power is minimum; B: doubly clad optical fiber, the d of eccentric structure doubly clad optical fiber, c:D type inner cladding: the doubly clad optical fiber of oval inner cladding, e: the good absorbing effect of the doubly clad optical fiber of rectangle inner cladding to pumping source laser 1, laser output power is satisfied the demand.Preferably, double clad single-mode fiber of the present invention select eccentric structure doubly clad optical fiber, the doubly clad optical fiber of D type inner cladding, the doubly clad optical fiber of oval inner cladding or or the doubly clad optical fiber of rectangle inner cladding in a kind of.
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention, double clad single-mode fiber is selected the doubly clad optical fiber of D type inner cladding; Wherein, fibre core 21 diameters are that 5 microns, numerical aperture are 0.15, and inner cladding 22 diameters are that 74 microns, numerical aperture are 0.22.
What Fig. 4 represented is the structural representation of the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG in doubly clad optical fiber of the present invention.Described the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 4 photoetching on the fibre core 21 of one end of described medium optical fiber 3, described fibre core 21 outer sheathed inner cladding 22, surrounding layer 23 successively; The first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 4 of the embodiment of the present invention adopts lithography corrosion technology to process acquisition to optical fiber, the grating parameter of the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 4 has high reflection characteristic to the output beam of this fiber laser, that is described the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 4 has the total reflective mirror effect of conventional solid laser.
Same, described the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 5 photoetching are on the fibre core 21 of the other end of described medium optical fiber 3; The grating parameter of the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 5 has part reflection characteristic to the output beam of this fiber laser, that is described the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 5 has half anti-mirror effect of conventional solid laser.
The present invention adopts Fiber Bragg Grating FBG for conventional solid laser, without often total reflective mirror and half anti-mirror being cleaned and adjust light path, realizes " exempting to clean ", " non-maintaining " of fiber laser.
The laser of the long pulse fiber laser of the embodiment of the present invention is reciprocating vibration, amplification between described the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 4 and described the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 5, formed laser incides on Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, when meeting Bragg condition (formula 1), laser is reflected by Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
Wherein, Λ is the grating cycle, and λ is optical maser wavelength, n
efffor the effective refractive index of doubly clad optical fiber fibre core to this optical maser wavelength.
In the present invention, adopt exciamer laser UV to carry out photoetching corrosion to the fibre core 21 of double clad single-mode fiber, the cycle or the aperiodic that by lithography corrosion process, change the refractive index of fibre core 21 change, and then the grating cycle of control Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, thereby obtain Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, the laser of a certain wavelength is had to specific reflectivity.
Long pulse fiber laser of the present invention compared with prior art, adopting lamp pump long pulse solid state laser is pumping source, realized the output of fiber laser to long pulse, high average output power and high-peak power, met compared with the requirement of slab cutting and welding, also reduced the cost of long pulse fiber laser simultaneously.Adopt single-mode double-clad optical fiber, output beam quality approaches the laser of diffraction limit.Adopt a pair of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG as the front and rear mirror of fiber laser, realized the advantage of fiber laser " non-maintaining ".
The above the specific embodiment of the present invention, does not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Various other corresponding changes and distortion that any technical conceive according to the present invention has been done, all should be included in the protection range of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a long pulse fiber laser, it is characterized in that, described long pulse fiber laser comprises: the pumping source laser of placing successively along beam Propagation direction, coupling focusing unit, the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, medium optical fiber and the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG; Wherein, described the first Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and the photoetching of the second Fiber Bragg Grating FBG difference are at the fibre core two ends of described medium optical fiber;
It is pumping source that described long pulse fiber laser adopts the long pulse pump solid state laser of jumping lights, described pumping source laser comprises laser bar, pumping lamp, the resonant cavity, the cavity for focusing that total reflective mirror and half anti-mirror, consist of, described laser bar, pumping lamp are parallel to each other and are placed between described total reflective mirror, half anti-mirror, and described laser bar, pumping lamp are set in cavity for focusing;
Described laser bar is the laser bar of mixing Nd3+;
Described medium optical fiber also comprises the inner cladding that is set in outside described fibre core, is set in the surrounding layer outside inner cladding;
Described medium optical fiber is ytterbium-doped double-cladded-layer monomode fiber;
Described double clad single-mode fiber is selected from eccentric structure doubly clad optical fiber, the doubly clad optical fiber of D type inner cladding, a kind of in the doubly clad optical fiber of the doubly clad optical fiber of oval inner cladding or rectangle inner cladding;
In the doubly clad optical fiber of described D type inner cladding, core diameter is that 5 microns, numerical aperture are 0.15, and inner cladding diameter is that 74 microns, numerical aperture are 0.22.
2. long pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coupling focusing unit is single element lens or set of lenses, is coated with the deielectric-coating of high permeability on the logical light face of described single element lens or set of lenses.
3. long pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the working media of described laser bar is YAG crystal.
4. long pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pumping lamp is xenon lamp.
5. long pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pulse duration of described pumping source laser is ten microsecond-millisecond magnitudes.
6. long pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pulse duration of described long pulse fiber laser is ten microsecond-millisecond magnitudes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210286694.0A CN102801090B (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Long-pulse fiber laser |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210286694.0A CN102801090B (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Long-pulse fiber laser |
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| CN102801090A CN102801090A (en) | 2012-11-28 |
| CN102801090B true CN102801090B (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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| CN201210286694.0A Expired - Fee Related CN102801090B (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Long-pulse fiber laser |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103036136A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-04-10 | 山东海富光子科技股份有限公司 | Gain switch pulse type single-frequency optical fiber laser |
| CN105977775B (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2019-02-19 | 电子科技大学 | Cascaded gain modulates infrared pulse optical fiber laser in dual wavelength |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1421966A (en) * | 2001-11-23 | 2003-06-04 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 1.3mum waveband superpulse Nd-doped crystal laser |
| CN2711951Y (en) * | 2004-07-05 | 2005-07-20 | 南开大学 | Composite cavity single longitudinal mode erbium doped optical fiber laser |
| CN1768715A (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2006-05-10 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Laser therapeutic machine |
| CN100418277C (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2008-09-10 | 南开大学 | Continuous running high-power multi-wavelength optical fiber light source based on ultra continuous spectrum |
| JP5203573B2 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2013-06-05 | ミヤチテクノス株式会社 | Laser processing equipment |
| CN102476238A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-30 | 大连创达技术交易市场有限公司 | Novel photonic crystal optical fiber laser processing machine |
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Effective date of registration: 20171227 Address after: 311200, Zhejiang Province, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou New Street Village Patentee after: Pan-wave Laser Equipment (Hangzhou) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 325001 the 6 floor of the middle test building of high tech park, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Patentee before: WENZHOU FIBRE LASER Co.,Ltd. |
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